CN217865140U - 感应加热密封装置、感应加热密封系统和包装生产机器 - Google Patents

感应加热密封装置、感应加热密封系统和包装生产机器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217865140U
CN217865140U CN202123223672.3U CN202123223672U CN217865140U CN 217865140 U CN217865140 U CN 217865140U CN 202123223672 U CN202123223672 U CN 202123223672U CN 217865140 U CN217865140 U CN 217865140U
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induction heating
heating sealing
packaging material
induction
sealing system
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CN202123223672.3U
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Inventor
马格纳斯·拉贝
马格纳斯·维克
乔瓦尼·贝蒂·贝内文蒂
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/14—Tools, e.g. nozzles, rollers, calenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3668—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special induction coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/366—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a coating or being printed, e.g. being applied as a paint or forming a printed circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
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    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种感应加热密封装置(50、50’)，其用于在包装生产机器(10)中感应焊接包装材料(20)以生产可倾倒食品的密封包装(30)。包装材料(20)有至少一层金属化膜(20d)。感应加热密封装置(50、50’)包括交流电源(54)和感应线圈(52)，感应线圈(52)连接交流电源(54)并配置为在金属化膜(20d)中感应涡流以感应加热包装材料(20)，其中交流电源(54)配置为生成频率高于1MHz的可变电压或电流信号(S)。还提供一种感应加热密封系统，包括有至少一层金属化膜(20d)的包装材料(20)，感应加热密封装置；和一种包装生产机器，其包括至少一个感应加热密封系统。

Description

感应加热密封装置、感应加热密封系统和包装生产机器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于包装生产机器中包装材料的感应焊接的感应加热密封装置。本实用新型还涉及一种用于制造包装容器的方法。
背景技术
通过感应加热焊接层压包装材料是包装行业常用的方法。这种层压材料的一个示例是纸制载体层、铝箔形式的阻挡层以及沿着层压件的内表面和外表面的热塑性塑料涂层。感应焊接技术基于法拉第定律，通过该定律，在导体周围生成的交变磁场能够在紧密靠近放置的另一个导体(工件)中感应出电流。然后，热量由于焦耳效应而在工件中生成。因此，在感应焊接中，电感器靠近包含铝箔的层压件布置，并且层压件与其要连接的材料压在一起；通常，两层包装材料被压在一起。铝箔通过感应加热到足以熔化相邻热塑性层的温度，使组合的热塑性层融合在一起，从而产生紧密且耐用的密封。
焊接过程取决于几个参数，例如感应器和工件特性。对于目前市场上的包装材料，工件是厚度约为6微米的铝箔。为了提供高效和坚固的密封，电感器由交流电源供电，生成具有535kHz左右的频率的可变电压/电流。虽然这种设置在密封质量方面已被证明是非常好的结果，但它对感应器与工件(即包装材料)之间的相对位置相当敏感。
感应加热可用于提供纵向密封以及横向密封。纵向焊接通常连续进行，以便纵向密封在包装生产机器中行进的包装材料的卷材。最初是平面的包装材料的卷材被折叠成具有重叠纵向边缘的管状。这些重叠边缘沿着纵向定向的感应器延伸，该感应器提供对包装材料的感应加热，从而形成包装材料管的纵向密封。
由于包装材料的卷材是柔性的，因此很难确保要密封的区域 (即重叠的纵向边缘)相对于通常静止的感应器的正确位置。在包装生产机器的操作期间，包装材料管可能在机器方向以外的其他方向上运动，从而导致密封区域与感应器未对准。
已经进行了电磁模拟，分析了感应加热过程对包装材料重叠边缘在电感器位置的错误定位的敏感性。尤其是，就密封区域相对于感应器在间隙、倾斜角和偏移方面与参考位置相比的偏差，对密封区域的感应加热效率和功率密度均匀性进行评估。为了进一步解释，可以将电感器观察为面向平面密封区域的矩形体。间隙是电感器与密封区域之间法线方向的所需距离(参考：间隙＝0)。倾斜角是电感平面相对于密封区域平面的角度(参考：角度＝0)，并且偏移是在平行于电感平面和密封区域平面的方向上的未对准(参考：偏移＝0)。
对于使用由铝6063制成的、厚度为6.35微米的工件并以535 kHz的频率运行交流电源的上述设置，考虑到纵向密封应用中使用的典型电感器，进行了以下观察。
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003512076390000021
百分比变化必须解释为参考与参考位置相对应的标称均匀度和效率。
从上表可见，安装感应器和精确控制密封区域对于控制纵向密封质量很重要。这需要手动检查和操作，优选只允许熟练和受过专业培训的工程师这么做。
鉴于上述情况，将需要提供一种改进的感应加热密封装置，以及一种改进的感应加热密封系统，其更坚固且对包装材料相对于感应器的定位更不敏感。
实用新型内容
鉴于现有技术解决方案的上述缺点，需要一种感应加热密封装置和系统，其提供可靠的结果同时较少依赖于用于包装材料的感应加热的部件的精确定位。
发明人惊奇地意识到，该目的可以通过大大减小工件厚度以便降低工件上的涡流，从而降低工件响应于感应器生成的主磁场而提供的反磁场(楞次定律)来实现。与工件厚度减少并行的是，为了仍然保持相对较高的感应功率来熔化包装中的聚合物，必须增加磁场频率，从而在工件中感应增加的电动势(法拉第定律)。频率的增加允许系统为工件提供足够的功率，而无需将电感器中的电流增加到如此高的值以阻碍系统可靠性，从而避免过热或放电风险。
根据第一方面，提供了一种用于包装材料的感应焊接的感应加热密封装置。包装材料被配置为在包装生产机器中转变成可倾倒食品的密封包装，并且包装材料具有至少一层金属化膜。感应加热密封装置包括交流电源和感应线圈，该感应线圈连接到交流电源并被配置为在金属化膜中感应涡流以对包装材料进行感应加热。交流电源被配置为生成频率高于1MHz的可变电压/电流信号。金属化膜可以是金属化涂层。包装材料然后在衬底上具有至少一层金属化涂层，该衬底为聚合物膜或纸或其他纤维素基衬底/片材。
在一个实施方案中，交流电源被配置为生成具有可用于工业目的的频率的可变电压信号，该频率在1MHz到30MHz范围内，优选地频率是6.78MHz或13.56MHz。此外，可以考虑27.12MHz的频率。在间隔的另一端，可以使用2MHz左右的频率，从而允许标准交流电源提供所需的磁场。所有这些频率经证明都提供了保持包装材料中感应功率恒定所需的高效率，而不会将电感器电流增加到可能妨碍整体感应加热系统可靠性的水平，并且它们可进一步用于工业用途。
感应线圈可以被配置为对管状包装材料的卷材提供纵向密封，或提供对管状包装材料的卷材的横向密封。因此，感应器可用于现代包装生产机器中最常见的密封操作，从而提供对包装容器(尤其是对包封液体食品的这种包装容器)的有效且坚固的密封。食品安全是制造液体食品包装容器中的关键问题，而密封质量是决定所含产品保质期的重要因素。
根据第二方面，提供了一种感应加热密封系统。感应加热密封系统包括具有至少一层金属化膜的包装材料，以及感应加热密封装置，该感应加热密封装置包括交流电源和连接到交流电源的感应线圈。感应线圈被配置为在金属化膜中感应涡流以对包装材料进行感应加热，其中交流电源被配置为生成频率高于1MHz，优选低于30MHz 的可变电压/电流信号。
通过用金属化膜代替厚度通常为6微米左右的铝箔，包装材料的金属含量大大减少。此外，铝厚度的减少已证明与交流电源的频率非常匹配，从而提高了密封系统的效率并降低了密封系统的灵敏度。
金属化膜可以包括金属层，例如铝，其厚度低于0.5μm，金属层的厚度优选地在20和70nm之间，甚至更优选地在25和50nm之间。因此可以使用现有的金属沉积技术来提供金属层。
金属层可以具有介于0.5和10Ω/sq之间的薄层电阻。发明人已经意识到密封系统的效率取决于薄层电阻，其中对于薄层电阻的特定范围可以获得足够的效率水平。
交流电源可以被配置为生成频率在1MHz到30MHz范围内，优选地频率为2MHz、6.78MHz、13.56MHz或27.12MHz左右的可变电压/电流信号。
包装材料可包括最里面的可热密封热塑性层，其熔化温度低于金属化膜的熔化温度。这防止了金属化膜，尤其是金属层，在达到最里面的可热密封热塑性层的足够密封温度之前被破坏。
根据第三方面，提供了一种包装生产机器。包装生产机器包括至少一个根据第二方面的感应加热密封系统。
根据第四方面，提供了一种用于制造包装容器的方法。该方法包括i)提供具有至少一层金属化膜的包装材料，ii)在感应加热密封装置的感应线圈处布置至少两层包装材料，iii)通过控制交流电源为感应线圈供电以生成频率高于1MHz的可变电压/电流信号，以及iv)通过在金属化膜中感应涡流以对包装材料进行感应加热来热密封至少两层包装材料。
可以通过控制交流电源以生成频率在1MHz到30MHz范围内 (优选频率在2MHz、6.78MHz、13.56MHz或27.12MHz左右)的可变电压/电流信号来为感应线圈供电。
感应线圈可以纵向定向以便提供对包装材料的纵向密封，或者感应线圈可以横向定向以便提供对包装材料的横向密封。
附图说明
现在将参考附图通过示例的方式描述本实用新型的实施方案，其中
图1是包装生产机器的示意图，
图2是根据一实施方案的感应加热密封系统的等距视图；
图3是根据另一实施方案的感应加热密封系统的侧视图；
图4是根据一实施方案的感应加热密封装置的示意图；
图5是形成根据一实施方案的感应加热密封系统的部分的包装材料的剖视图；
图6是示出随磁场频率变化的作为工件厚度函数的典型感应加热密封系统的效率的图；
图7是示出随磁场频率变化的作为工件厚度函数的典型感应加热密封系统的效率的图；以及
图8是根据一实施方案的方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
从图1开始，示出了基于卷筒进给纸盒的包装生产机器10的基本原理。包装生产机器10被配置为用于例如液体食品的连续包装，并形成了用于各种不同包装系统[例如商业上成功的利乐砖(Tetra
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003512076390000061
) 包装系统]的通用技术概念。包装生产机器10接收包装材料20，优选为连续卷材的形式(如图1所示)。
在解绕包装材料20之后，它的纵向侧边缘21a、21b被带到一起以形成纵向密封LS，从而也形成包装材料20的管22。更特别地，纵向侧边缘21a、21b以重叠方式，可能通过向边缘21a、21b之一添加条带，连续地彼此附接。从填充管12用期望的产品(优选液体食品) 填充管22。
通过在管22的端部形成横向密封TS并在其形成时切掉密封部分(每个密封部分代表单个包装30)，由管22形成一系列包装30。为了使包装30成形，在横向密封操作期间可以使用不同的形成工具，或者可以在已经执行横向密封之后执行单独的形成过程。
替代地，使用坯料进给包装机器。将坯料进给到填充机器，该坯料为包装材料的预切割件形式，其两端热密封在一起从而形成折叠的管状套筒。将坯料竖立成敞开的套筒，然后折叠并密封，从而形成封闭的顶部或底部。然后将其用产品填充并密封和折叠，从而获得填充的包装容器。
关于图1和其中所示的示例，应该提到术语“纵向”是指管 22的进给方向，即机器进给方向。术语“横向”是指垂直于纵向方向的方向。
纵向密封LS和/或横向密封TS可以通过根据将在下面描述的各种实施方案的感应加热密封装置来提供。
在图2中，示出了感应加热密封系统40的示例。感应加热密封系统40被配置为向包装材料20的管22提供纵向密封LS。
在到达感应加热密封系统40之前，包装材料20的卷材逐渐与形成组件13相互作用，并被折叠以叠放在包装材料20的纵向边缘上以便形成管22的形状。
感应加热密封系统40包括感应加热密封装置50，以及包装材料20。感应加热密封装置50包括感应线圈52和耦合到感应线圈52的交流发电机54。
通过激活感应加热密封装置50(其优选地持续运行以便提供连续的纵向密封LS)，包装材料20的重叠纵向边缘将被加热以便熔化包装材料20的最里面的可热密封的热塑性层。
由于将在包装材料的金属化膜中生成涡流的感应线圈52的交流电将发生加热。
接着，将管22进给通过由形成辊和压力辊的布置14限定的圆形通道。包装材料20的纵向边缘由此被压缩以混合包装材料20的纵向边缘的可热密封热塑性层，从而形成纵向密封LS。
在图3中，示出了感应加热密封系统40’的另一个示例。感应加热密封系统40’被配置为向包装材料20的管22提供横向密封TS，该管22已经设置有纵向密封LS。
在所示的示例中，感应加热密封系统40’包括包装材料20和两个感应加热密封装置50’。一个感应加热密封装置50’布置在另一感应加热密封装置50’的下游。
对于参照图2描述的感应加热密封装置50，图3的感应加热密封装置50’各自包括感应线圈52和交流电源54。然而，如图3所示，两个感应加热密封装置50’共享公共交流电源54。
通过感应加热密封系统40’的操作，均位于可移动密封夹爪上的感应线圈52和相对元件53将移动填充的包装材料管22并将其压在一起。随着电磁损耗，例如涡流在包装材料20的金属化膜中生成，包装材料20将通过感应加热每隔预定间隔被加热以形成横向密封TS。
应该提到的是，密封夹爪的移动还将提供管22的向前运动，由此横向密封TS将以预定间隔布置。
图4中示出感应加热密封装置50、50’的示意图。感应线圈52 具有细长形状，并且焊接表面52a适于面向包装材料20的待密封区域。应该注意的是，感应线圈52的确切配置和设计可以从图4中所示的内容进行大致修改，只要它能够在包装生产机器10中提供包装材料 20的感应加热。
感应线圈52连接到交流电源54，该交流电源54也形成感应加热密封装置50、50’的部分。交流电源54被配置为生成产生频率为 1MHz或更高的电流或电压信号S的交变磁场。优选地，频率在1到 30MHz范围内，特别是2MHz、6.78MHz、13.56MHz或27.12MHz左右。峰值电压可在几百(例如500)伏左右，功率信号S可以是连续的或脉冲的，并且最大功率可以在例如2500瓦范围内。
感应线圈52由绕组限定，该绕组接收交流功率信号S以生成脉动磁场，该脉动磁场继而在包装材料20中产生涡流。为此，如上所述形成感应加热密封系统40的部分的包装材料20包括呈金属化膜的金属层形式的工件。
当工件受到来自感应线圈52的高频磁场时，涡流会在工件中产生。传统上以厚度为6微米左右的铝层的形式设置的该工件改为设置为包含在包装材料20中的金属化膜。
包装材料20的示例以横截面示出在图5中。应当注意，图5 所示的各个层20a至20h的不同厚度(包括金属化膜20d的金属层20g) 不是按比例的。
金属层20g，即工件，可以布置在不同包装材料层之间的任何界面处。
从包装材料20的外侧(即旨在形成最终包装30的外侧的一侧) 开始，包装材料20由布置在芯体层20b顶部的装饰层20a形成。芯体层20b可以是基于纤维的材料，例如基于纤维素的材料。芯体层20b 可以是基于纤维素的材料，例如纸或纸盒或纸板。包装材料20还具有覆盖芯体层20b的相对侧的LDPE薄层20c。金属化膜20d层压到 LDPE层20c上。金属化膜20d可以例如包括薄纸层20e、任选地与淀粉混合的PVOH的中间层20f，以及形成感应加热密封系统40、40’的工件的金属层20g。金属层20g可以例如是厚度为20-70nm(例如50nm 左右)的铝层。在金属化膜20d的内侧上布置有最里面的可热密封热塑性层20h。
金属化膜20d可以例如嵌入包装材料20中，或者其可以布置在包装材料20的外表面上。
尽管之前没有解释，但在一些实施方案中，金属化膜20d可以分布在包装材料20的整个宽度和长度上，使得金属化膜20d形成连续层。
然而，为了允许感应密封，必须仅在一个或多个区域局部地提供金属化膜20d，从而形成相关密封系统40、40’的局部工件。
现在转向图6，将讨论示出上述感应加热密封系统40、40’的一些特性的图。该图示出了作为工件的厚度(t)(即在本文描述的实施方案中金属层20g的厚度)的函数的感应加热密封系统的效率。绘制的效率(η)是感应效率，即整个金属层工件20g上的功率除以工件和感应器两者的总传输功率。绘制了三种不同的曲线；实线代表535kHz的功率信号，点划线代表6.78MHz的功率信号，并且点线代表13.56MHz的功率信号。
从535kHz曲线开始，标记了两个圆圈。一个标记50nm的厚度。这里，效率略高于0.5。另一个圆圈标记6微米左右的厚度，因此其标记现有技术设置。这里，效率为0.9左右。
对于更高的频率，即分别为6.78和13.56MHz，薄金属层20g 的效率明显更高。其由圆圈表示，在对应于上述频率的曲线上标记了50nm的厚度。对于所有曲线，工件的材料为电阻率(p)为2.65*10- 8Ω.m的铝6063。
从图6的曲线明显可见，通过使用较高频率，效率可以比使用现有技术频率高得多，尤其是当工件是薄金属膜时。
图7中示出了另一图，以示出与上述相同的概念，但在薄层电阻方面定义为SR＝p/t，其中另一个感应密封系统的效率被绘制为磁场的若干个不同频率的薄层电阻的函数。可以看出，对于较大的薄层电阻间隔，效率保持在最大水平；而当薄层电阻低于0.1Ω/sq时，535kHz的低频提供高效率，因而对于较厚的工件，当薄层电阻介于 0.1和10Ω/sq之间时，13.56MHz的频率提供最大效率。
现在转向图8，示意性地示出了用于制造包装容器的方法 100。方法100包括提供具有至少一层金属化膜的包装材料的步骤 102、将至少两层包装材料布置在感应加热密封装置的感应线圈处的步骤104、通过控制交流电源以生成频率高于1MHz的可变电压/电流信号来为感应线圈供电的步骤106，以及通过在金属化膜中感应涡流来感应加热包装材料以热密封至少两层包装材料的步骤108。
为感应线圈供电的步骤106优选地通过控制交流电源以生成频率在1MHz到30MHz范围内(优选地频率为2MHz、6.78MHz、 13.56MHz或27.12MHz左右)的可变电压/电流信号来执行。

Claims (15)

1.一种感应加热密封装置，其用于在包装生产机器(10)中对包装材料(20)进行感应焊接以生产可倾倒食品的密封包装(30)，其特征在于，所述包装材料(20)具有至少一层金属化膜(20d)，
所述感应加热密封装置包括交流电源(54)和感应线圈(52)，所述感应线圈(52)连接到所述交流电源(54)并且被配置为在所述金属化膜(20d)中感应涡流以感应加热所述包装材料(20)，其中所述交流电源(54)被配置为生成频率高于1MHz的可变电流或电压信号(S)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的感应加热密封装置，其特征在于所述交流电源(54)被配置为生成频率范围为1MHz至30MHz的可变电流或电压信号(S)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的感应加热密封装置，其特征在于所述频率为2MHz、6.78MHz、13.56MHz或27.12MHz。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的感应加热密封装置，其特征在于所述感应线圈(52)被配置为向管状包装材料卷材(22)提供纵向密封(LS)。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的感应加热密封装置，其特征在于所述感应线圈(52)被配置为向管状包装材料卷材(22)提供横向密封(TS)。
6.一种感应加热密封系统，其特征在于，其包括具有至少一层金属化膜(20d)的包装材料(20)，以及
一种感应加热密封装置，其包括交流电源(54)和感应线圈(52)，所述感应线圈(52)与所述交流电源(54)连接并被配置为在所述金属化膜(20d)中感应涡流以感应加热所述包装材料(20)，其中所述交流电源(54)被配置为生成频率高于1MHz的可变电流或电压信号(S)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述金属化膜(20d)包括厚度低于0.5μm的金属层(20g)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述金属层(20g)的厚度介于20和70nm之间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述金属层(20g)的厚度介于25和50nm之间。
10.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述金属层(20g)具有介于0.5和10Ω/sq之间的薄层电阻。
11.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述金属层(20g)由铝制成。
12.根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述交流电源(54)被配置为生成频率在1MHz到30MHz范围内的可变电流或电压信号(S)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述频率为2MHz、6.78MHz、13.56MHz或27.12MHz。
14.根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的感应加热密封系统，其特征在于所述包装材料(20)包括最里面的可热密封热塑性层(20h)，其熔化温度低于所述金属化膜(20d)的熔化温度。
15.一种包装生产机器，其特征在于，其包括至少一个根据权利要求6-14中任一项所述的感应加热密封系统。
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