CN217850374U - Precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish - Google Patents
Precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish Download PDFInfo
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- CN217850374U CN217850374U CN202122035492.6U CN202122035492U CN217850374U CN 217850374 U CN217850374 U CN 217850374U CN 202122035492 U CN202122035492 U CN 202122035492U CN 217850374 U CN217850374 U CN 217850374U
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Abstract
An environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding belongs to the technical field of agricultural production tools, and particularly relates to a seedling raising tray. The utility model discloses a solve the problem of the unable degradation of current sprout cultivation dish. The environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding comprises a degradable cultivation pad, a covering layer and a heat preservation film; the degradable cultivation pad is provided with a plurality of cultivation holes, the covering layer covers the degradable cultivation pad, and the heat preservation film covers the covering layer. The advantages are that: precision seeding is realized; the degradable plastic film can be degraded, and environmental pollution caused by discarding can be avoided; the degradation process can provide nutrients for the growth of crops; the water is saved. The utility model discloses mainly used preparation precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural production apparatus, concretely relates to sprout cultivation dish.
Background
The appearance of the rice transplanter frees manual transplanting, and the speed of the rice transplanter is far higher than that of manual transplanting. The seedling raising tray is an indispensable component of the rice transplanter, and the seedling raising process of rice seedlings is realized by utilizing the seedling raising tray. The existing seedling raising trays are made of polyvinyl chloride serving as a raw material and basically cannot be degraded, so that a large number of seedling raising trays are discarded after being used to cause environmental pollution, and the requirements of green agricultural production are not met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing seedling raising tray can not be degraded, and provides an environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precise seeding.
An environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding comprises a degradable cultivation mat, a covering layer and a heat-insulating film; a plurality of cultivation holes are uniformly distributed on the degradable cultivation mat according to 561 holes or 434 holes, the covering layer covers the degradable cultivation mat, the heat-insulation film covers one side of the covering layer, which is far away from the direction of the degradable cultivation mat, and the periphery of the heat-insulation film is connected with the side wall of the degradable cultivation mat;
the method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a degradable cultivation mat: (1) weighing: weighing 20-55 parts of fast-degradation biomass fiber, 10-20 parts of slow-degradation biomass fiber, 15-30 parts of hemp stem core, 20-30 parts of animal waste, 1-2 parts of silica aerogel, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of talcum powder and 3-5 parts of tourmaline powder according to parts by weight; (2) and decomposing: crushing the hemp stem cores weighed in the step one (1) to obtain crushed hemp stem cores with the particle size of 5-10 mm, mixing the crushed hemp stem cores with the animal manure weighed in the step one (1), and performing decomposing fermentation by using crude fiber degrading bacteria as a leavening agent, wherein the addition amount of the crude fiber degrading bacteria is 2g/kg to obtain decomposed hemp stem cores; (3) and processing the raw material: shearing the fast-degradation biomass fibers and the slow-degradation biomass fibers weighed in the step one (1), mixing, soaking and swelling, transferring to a fluffer, and adding water to fluff to obtain a fiber suspension; the mass fraction of solids in the fiber suspension is 10-20%; (4) and mixing: adding the carboxymethyl cellulose weighed in the step one (1) into the fiber suspension weighed in the step one (3), defibering in a defibering device, adding the tourmaline powder weighed in the step one (1), adding the decomposed hemp stalk cores, uniformly mixing, adding the talcum powder and the silica aerogel weighed in the step one (1), and uniformly dispersing by using a physical turbulent mechanical mixing method to obtain a defibered product; (5) and molding: pouring the defibering product into a mold, and sequentially performing vacuum filtration molding, drying and shaping to obtain a degradable cultivation mat; a plurality of cultivation holes are uniformly distributed on the degradable cultivation mat according to 561 holes or 434 holes;
2. preparing a composite fiber filler: (1) weighing 10-30 parts of weak water-absorbing fiber and 70-90 parts of strong water-absorbing fiber according to parts by weight; (2) uniformly mixing the strong water absorption fibers and the weak water absorption fibers weighed in the step two (1) to obtain a composite fiber filler;
3. assembling: covering the composite fiber filler on the degradable cultivation mat to form a covering layer, covering one side of the covering layer, which deviates from the direction of the degradable cultivation mat, with a heat-insulating film, and connecting the periphery of the heat-insulating film with the side wall of the degradable cultivation mat to obtain the precision seeding environmental-friendly pot body seedling raising tray.
The utility model discloses the advantage: firstly, the precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling raising tray of the utility model arranges the cultivation holes on the degradable cultivation mat according to 561 holes or 434 holes, thus realizing precision seeding; 2. the utility model adopts polylactic acid fiber board as covering layer and degradable film as heat preservation film, so that the degradable cultivation pad, the covering layer and the heat preservation film which form the environment-friendly bowl body seedling tray with precise seeding are degradable products, can be naturally degraded after being sowed and left in soil, can not produce the phenomenon that the waste of the existing seedling tray is discarded at will, and avoid the problem of environmental pollution caused by discarding the seedling tray after use; 3. the degradable cultivation mat of the utility model adopts two fibers of fast degradable biomass fiber and slow degradable biomass fiber, the slow degradable biomass fiber can be rapidly degraded, and the nutrient is provided for the rapid growth of the crops in the initial growth stage; the fast-degradation biomass fibers can be slowly degraded and can continuously provide nutrients in the growth process of crops; if single fast degradation biomass fiber is adopted, the fertilizer is insufficient when the crops grow fast in the initial stage; if a single slowly degradable biomass fiber is used, the fertilizer is excessively increased at the initial rapid growth of the crop, and the continuous supply capacity of the fertilizer is deteriorated. 4. The utility model takes weak water absorption fiber and strong water absorption fiber as raw materials to prepare the covering layer, the strong water absorption fiber can prevent the water in the soil from losing, reduce the watering times, save water and play a great role in solving the drought resistance problem; the weak water-absorbing fiber is used as a framework of the strong water-absorbing fiber to prevent the weak water-absorbing fiber from dissipating. 5. The utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish includes the heat preservation membrane, not only can cultivate the pad for the degradable and keep warm, can avoid a large amount of evaporations of moisture moreover.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding.
In the drawings: 1-degradable cultivation pad, 11-cultivation hole, 2-covering layer, 3-heat preservation film and 4-seed.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a precision seeding environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray, which comprises a degradable cultivation pad 1, a covering layer 2 and a heat preservation film 3; the degradable cultivation pad 1 is provided with a plurality of cultivation holes 11 uniformly distributed according to 561 holes or 434 holes, the covering layer 2 covers the degradable cultivation pad 1, the heat-preservation film 3 covers one side of the covering layer 2 departing from the direction of the degradable cultivation pad 1, and the periphery of the heat-preservation film 3 is connected with the side wall of the degradable cultivation pad 1.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on the heat-insulating film 3 according to the interval of 5 mm-10 mm. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the aperture of the air holes is 2mm. The rest is the same as the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is: the covering layer 2 is a composite fiber filler layer. The others are the same as in the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the heat preservation film 3 is a degradable film. The rest is the same as the first to fourth embodiments.
The degradable film in the embodiment is a polylactic acid film or a multilayer co-extruded polyolefin heat shrinkable film.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is a preparation method of an environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding, which is specifically completed according to the following steps:
1. preparing a degradable cultivation mat 1: (1) weighing: weighing 20-55 parts of fast-degradation biomass fiber, 10-20 parts of slow-degradation biomass fiber, 15-30 parts of hemp stem core, 20-30 parts of animal waste, 1-2 parts of silica aerogel, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of talcum powder and 3-5 parts of tourmaline powder according to parts by weight; (2) and decomposing: crushing the hemp stem cores weighed in the first step (1) to obtain crushed hemp stem cores with the particle size of 5-10 mm, mixing the crushed hemp stem cores with the animal wastes weighed in the first step (1), and performing decomposing fermentation by using crude fiber degrading bacteria as a leavening agent, wherein the addition amount of the crude fiber degrading bacteria is 2g/kg, so as to obtain decomposed hemp stem cores; (3) and processing the raw material: shearing the fast-degradation biomass fibers and the slow-degradation biomass fibers weighed in the step one (1), mixing, soaking and swelling, transferring to a fluffer, adding water, and fluffing to obtain a fiber suspension; the mass fraction of solids in the fiber suspension is 10-20%; (4) and mixing: adding the carboxymethyl cellulose weighed in the step one (1) into the fiber suspension weighed in the step one (3), defibering in a defibering device, adding the tourmaline powder weighed in the step one (1), adding the decomposed hemp stalk cores, uniformly mixing, adding the talcum powder and the silica aerogel weighed in the step one (1), and uniformly dispersing by using a physical turbulent mechanical mixing method to obtain a defibered product; (5) and molding: pouring the defibering product into a mold, and sequentially performing vacuum filtration molding, drying and shaping to obtain a degradable cultivation mat 1; a plurality of cultivation holes 11 are uniformly distributed on the degradable cultivation pad 1 according to 561 holes or 434 holes;
2. preparing a composite fiber filler: (1) weighing 10-30 parts of weak water-absorbing fiber and 70-90 parts of strong water-absorbing fiber according to parts by weight; (2) uniformly mixing the strong water absorption fibers and the weak water absorption fibers weighed in the step two (1) to obtain a composite fiber filler;
3. assembling: covering the composite fiber filler on the degradable cultivation pad 1 to form a covering layer 2, covering the covering layer 2 with the heat preservation film 3 to depart from one side of the degradable cultivation pad 1, and connecting the periphery of the heat preservation film 3 with the side wall of the degradable cultivation pad 1 to obtain the environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment differs from the sixth embodiment in that: the fast degradation biomass fiber in the step one (1) is crop straw fiber or dust of a textile mill; the crop straw fiber is hemp straw fiber, rice straw fiber, wheat straw fiber or corn straw fiber; the dust of the textile mill is hemp dust, cotton dust or wool dust; in the step one (1), the slow degradation biomass fiber is polypropylene fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber or polylactic acid fiber. The rest is the same as the sixth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode eight: the difference between this embodiment and one of the sixth and seventh embodiments is: in the first step (2), urea and water are added in the process of decomposing and fermenting, wherein the addition amount of the urea is 10g/kg, and the mass ratio of the water to the urea is (4-5) to 2. The rest is the same as the sixth or seventh embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: the sixth to eighth embodiments are different from the first to eighth embodiments in that: the physical turbulent mechanical mixing method in the step one (4) realizes turbulent motion through microwave, ultrasonic, gas compression and mechanical connecting rod combination. The others are the same as the sixth to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the difference between this embodiment and one of the sixth to ninth embodiments is: in the second step (1), the weak water-absorbing fibers are chopped noil, hemp stalk cores or wood chips, and the particle size of the weak water-absorbing fibers is 5-10 mm; the strong water absorption fiber is dust of a textile mill, and the dust of the textile mill is hemp dust, cotton dust or wool dust. The rest is the same as the sixth to ninth embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and one or a combination of several specific embodiments can also achieve the purpose of the present invention.
The following experiment is adopted to verify the effect of the utility model
Example 1: a method for preparing a precision seeding environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray comprises a degradable cultivation pad 1, a covering layer 2 and a heat preservation film 3; a plurality of cultivation holes 11 are uniformly distributed on the degradable cultivation pad 1 according to 561 holes, the covering layer 2 covers the degradable cultivation pad 1, the heat-preservation film 3 covers one side of the covering layer 2, which is far away from the direction of the degradable cultivation pad 1, and the periphery of the heat-preservation film 3 is connected with the side wall of the degradable cultivation pad 1; a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on the heat-insulating film 3 at intervals of 10mm, and the aperture of each air hole is 2mm;
the method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a degradable cultivation mat 1: (1) weighing: weighing 35 parts of fast-degradation biomass fiber, 10 parts of slow-degradation biomass fiber, 15 parts of hemp stalk core, 20 parts of animal waste, 1 part of silica aerogel, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of talcum powder and 3 parts of tourmaline powder according to parts by weight; (2) and decomposing: crushing the hemp stem cores weighed in the step one (1) to obtain crushed hemp stem cores with the particle size of 5mm, mixing the crushed hemp stem cores with the animal manure weighed in the step one (1), and performing decomposing fermentation by using crude fiber degrading bacteria as a leavening agent, wherein the addition amount of the crude fiber degrading bacteria is 2g/kg, so as to obtain decomposed hemp stem cores; (3) and processing the raw material: shearing the fast-degradation biomass fibers and the slow-degradation biomass fibers weighed in the step one (1), mixing, soaking and swelling, transferring to a fluffer, adding water, and fluffing to obtain a fiber suspension; the mass fraction of solids in the fiber suspension is 10%; (4) and mixing: adding the carboxymethyl cellulose weighed in the step one (1) into the fiber suspension weighed in the step one (3), defibering in a defibering device, adding the tourmaline powder weighed in the step one (1), adding the decomposed hemp stalk cores, uniformly mixing, adding the talcum powder and the silica aerogel weighed in the step one (1), and uniformly dispersing by using a physical turbulent mechanical mixing method to obtain a defibered product; (5) and forming: pouring the defibering product into a mold, and sequentially performing vacuum filtration molding, drying and shaping to obtain a degradable cultivation mat 1;
2. preparing a composite fiber filler: (1) weighing 10 parts of weak water-absorbent fiber and 90 parts of strong water-absorbent fiber according to parts by weight; (2) uniformly mixing the strong water-absorbing fiber and the weak water-absorbing fiber weighed in the step two (1) to obtain a composite fiber filler;
3. assembling: covering the composite fiber filler on the degradable cultivation pad 1 to form a covering layer 2, covering the covering layer 2 with the heat preservation film 3 to depart from one side of the degradable cultivation pad 1, and connecting the periphery of the heat preservation film 3 with the side wall of the degradable cultivation pad 1 to obtain the environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding.
Example 1 in step one (1) the fast degrading biomass fiber is crop straw fiber or textile mill dust; the crop straw fiber is hemp straw fiber; the dust of the textile mill is hemp dust; the slow degradation biomass fiber in the step one (1) is polylactic acid fiber.
In the step one (2) of the embodiment 1, urea and water are added in the process of decomposing fermentation, the adding amount of the urea is 10g/kg, and the mass ratio of the water to the urea is 5:2.
Example 1 the physical turbulent mechanical mixing method described in step one (4) achieves turbulence by ultrasonic combination.
In the second step (1) of the embodiment 1, the weak water-absorbing fibers are chopped noil, and the particle size of the weak water-absorbing fibers is 5mm; the strong water absorption fiber is dust of a textile mill, and the dust of the textile mill is hemp dust.
Example 2: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in the first step (1), 45 parts of fast-degradation biomass fiber, 15 parts of slow-degradation biomass fiber, 20 parts of hemp stalk core, 25 parts of animal waste, 1.5 parts of silica aerogel, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.5 parts of talcum powder and 4 parts of tourmaline powder are weighed according to parts by weight. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3: the present example is different from example 1 in that: in the step one (1), 55 parts of fast-degradation biomass fiber, 20 parts of slow-degradation biomass fiber, 30 parts of hemp stalk core, 30 parts of animal waste, 2 parts of silica aerogel, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of talcum powder and 5 parts of tourmaline powder are weighed according to parts by weight. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 4: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: and in the second step (1), weighing 20 parts of weak water-absorbing fiber and 80 parts of strong water-absorbing fiber according to parts by weight. The rest is the same as in example 2.
Example 5: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: and in the second step (1), 30 parts of weak water-absorbing fiber and 70 parts of strong water-absorbing fiber are weighed according to parts by weight. The rest is the same as in example 2.
The rice planting experimental data are taken as examples:
seedling is respectively cultured by taking the precision seeding environment-friendly bowl body seedling culture trays prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 as experimental groups 1 to 5 and taking the existing PVC-561 hole seedling culture tray (made of PVC) as a conventional control group and a high-quality control group in sequence; the experimental group 1, the experimental group 4 and the conventional control group select rice seeds with the price of 6 yuan/kg for sowing, the experimental group 2 selects rice seeds with the price of 7 yuan/kg for sowing, the experimental group 3 selects rice seeds with the price of 8 yuan/kg for sowing, the experimental group 5 and the high-quality control group select rice seeds with the price of 10 yuan/kg for sowing, the experimental group 1 to 5 perform precision sowing according to 2-3 seeds per hole, the conventional control group and the high-quality control group perform sowing according to 5-6 seeds per hole, the management conditions of the experimental group 1 to 5, the conventional control group and the high-quality control group are the same during seedling cultivation, the environment-friendly bowl body tray for precision sowing in the experimental group 1 to 5 is degraded during seedling cultivation, seedlings are directly transplanted by a seedling transplanting machine, after the seedling cultivation results of the PVC-561 hole tray in the control group, the seedling transplanting machine is adopted for seedling cultivation, and after the seedling cultivation results in the conventional control group and the control group, the high-quality seedling transplanting machine is directly adopted; the field management of the experimental groups 1 to 5, the control group, the conventional control group and the high-quality control group after seedling transplanting is the same, and relevant data are recorded and are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table 1, the seeding amount of the seedling raising carried out by using the environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding is 1770 g/mu on average, and is reduced by about 2000 g/mu compared with the seeding amount of the seedling raising carried out by using the existing PVC-561 hole seedling raising tray; for example, conventional rice seeds (the price of the rice seeds is 6 yuan/kg) are selected, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by about 12 yuan/mu, according to the 2020 statistics, the rice planting area of Heilongjiang province is about 6000 million mu, if 30% of the rice planting area of Heilongjiang province is selected, the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling raising tray seeds, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by 2.16 yuan every year, if the rice planting area of Heilongjiang province is all selected, the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling raising tray seeds, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by 7.2 million yuan every year; for example, high-quality rice seeds (the price of the rice seeds is 10 yuan/kg) are selected, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by about 20 yuan/mu, if the area of 30 percent of the rice planting area in Heilongjiang province is selected, the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling tray seeds, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by 3.6 million yuan each year, if the rice planting area in Heilongjiang province is all selected, the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling tray seeds, the investment of the rice seed cost is reduced by 12 million yuan each year; therefore, the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish carries out precision seeding greatly reduced rice seeds cost and drops into. Can know the use through the data of experimental group 1 to 5 the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish is grown seedlings the seedling percentage and is reached more than 90%, and high-quality contrast group (use current PVC-561 hole sprout cultivation dish) chooses for use high-quality rice seeds (the rice seeds price is 10 yuan/kg) its seedling percentage also only to be 76%, and conventional contrast group (use current PVC-561 hole sprout cultivation dish) chooses for use conventional rice seeds (the rice seeds price is 6 yuan/kg) seedling percentage only to be 54%, consequently uses the utility model discloses precision seeding environmental protection alms bowl body sprout cultivation dish is grown seedlings and can be improved the seedling percentage greatly.
Claims (5)
1. An environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding is characterized by comprising a degradable cultivation pad (1), a covering layer (2) and a heat-insulating film (3); the degradable cultivation mat (1) is provided with a plurality of cultivation holes (11) according to 561 holes or 434 holes in an evenly distributed mode, the covering layer (2) covers the degradable cultivation mat (1), the covering layer (2) is coated with the heat preservation film (3) and deviates from one side of the degradable cultivation mat (1) in the direction, and the periphery of the heat preservation film (3) is connected with the side wall of the degradable cultivation mat (1).
2. The environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on the heat preservation film (3) according to the interval of 5 mm-10 mm.
3. The environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray for precision seeding according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the air holes is 2mm.
4. The precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling raising tray according to claim 3, characterized in that the covering layer (2) is a composite fiber packing layer.
5. The precision seeding environmental protection bowl body seedling raising tray according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat insulation film (3) is a degradable film.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113557873A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-29 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Precision seeding environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113557873A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-29 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Precision seeding environment-friendly bowl body seedling raising tray and preparation method thereof |
| CN113557873B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2024-03-26 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Environment-friendly bowl-shaped seedling raising tray for precision seeding and preparation method thereof |
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