CN217843891U

CN217843891U - Boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundle of straws

Info

Publication number: CN217843891U
Application number: CN202221756127.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈海峰
Original assignee: Yingkou Boguan New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yingkou Boguan New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2022-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws, which comprises an automatic feeding device, a hopper and a boiler body, wherein the automatic feeding device is arranged on one side of the boiler body, the bottom end of the automatic feeding device is arranged on the ground, the top end of the automatic feeding device is communicated with the hopper, and the hopper is communicated with the boiler body; a grate is arranged in the boiler body, and a discharge port of the hopper is positioned above a feeding end of the grate; the straw bale breaking device is arranged in the hopper and comprises two roller knives, and the distance between the two roller knives and the distance between the roller knives and the wall of the hopper close to the roller knives are smaller than the diameter of the whole bale of straw. The horizontal distributor and the bundle breaking device in the hopper of the device are matched for use, so that the whole bundle of straws is ensured to be looser when entering the hearth, when the straws fall on the grate, the thickness of the straw layer entering the combustion stage is controlled by the mechanical kick-out device, and combustion-supporting air, high-pressure turning air and the like are arranged in the hearth to improve the combustion sufficiency.

Description

Boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundle of straws

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the straw burning technique and specifically relates to a boiler suitable for whole bundle of straw direct combustion is related to.

Background

As a big agricultural country, the yield of the straws of various crops is rich, the residual quantity of the straws is continuously increased along with the development and progress of the society, and open-air incineration becomes the current main mode for treating the straws. The burning of the straw not only pollutes the environment, but also causes huge waste of renewable energy. The whole bundle of straw direct combustion boiler directly uses the bundled straw as the fuel of the boiler, and the generated heat energy can be used for industrial production, grain drying, domestic hot water and heating in winter in the north.

Aiming at the whole bundle combustion of straws, for example, a straw balance bundle burning boiler of CN113188113A is available at present, and the principle is that according to the advantages of moderate bundle density of the straw balance, convenient control of the combustion process and low local material cost, the burning fixed carbon and plant ash are scraped off in time by using an ash scraping plate, the fixed carbon and coke are prevented from being burnt out, and then the fixed carbon and the plant ash are discharged by using an ash cleaning chain harrow and a packing auger to prepare the straw balance carbon potassium compound fertilizer. The device transports the straws into the box through the chain wheel without bundle breaking treatment, the combustion degree of the boiler to the outside and the inside of the straws is inconsistent, and the design of the air path in the boiler is not reasonable enough.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a boiler suitable for the direct combustion of a whole bundle of straws so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws comprises an automatic feeding device, a hopper and a boiler body, wherein the automatic feeding device is arranged on one side of the boiler body, the bottom end of the automatic feeding device is arranged on the ground, the top end of the automatic feeding device is communicated with the hopper, and the hopper is communicated with the boiler body; a grate is arranged in the boiler body, and a discharge port of the hopper is positioned above a feeding end of the grate; the straw bale breaking device is arranged in the hopper and comprises two roller knives, and the distance between the two roller knives and the distance between the roller knives and the wall of the hopper close to the roller knives are smaller than the diameter of the whole bale of straw.

Furthermore, the fire grate comprises a plurality of fire grate segments, ventilation gaps are arranged between the adjacent fire grate segments, and a separated ventilation chamber capable of adjusting air volume is arranged below the fire grate.

Furthermore, a horizontal distributor for adjusting the position of the whole bundle of straws is also arranged in the hopper, and the horizontal distributor is positioned at the tail end of the transportation of the automatic feeding device and enables the length direction of the whole bundle of straws to be parallel to the horizontal plane.

Furthermore, a mechanical kick-out device used for controlling the thickness of the straw layer is further arranged in the boiler body, the mechanical kick-out device is positioned above the fire grate, and the distance between the lower end of the mechanical kick-out device and the upper end of the fire grate is the thickness of the straw layer which can pass through.

Furthermore, the mechanical material poking device comprises a roll shaft and material poking plates uniformly distributed on the roll shaft, and the rotation direction of the roll shaft is opposite to the running direction of the fire grate.

Furthermore, a high-pressure stirring wind is arranged in the hearth of the boiler body, the bottom end of the wind outlet of the high-pressure stirring wind is parallel to the upper end surface of the grate, and the height of the wind outlet is equal to the thickness of the allowed straw layer, so that the side surface of the straw layer can be all wind-affected.

Furthermore, high-pressure sealed combustion-supporting air is arranged in the hopper, and an air outlet of the high-pressure sealed combustion-supporting air and the bundle breaking device are located at the same height.

Furthermore, combustion-supporting hearth side secondary air is also arranged and is positioned above the high-pressure stirring air.

Furthermore, a wing-shaped flue for guiding flue gas is arranged in a hearth of the boiler body, and the flue gas of the boiler body enters the flue gas purification device to be discharged after heat exchange through an externally connected flue pipe.

Furthermore, the hopper adopts a water-cooling hopper, and the side wall of the water-cooling hopper is provided with a plurality of circulating heat dissipation water channels so as to reduce the temperature of the hopper.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

this device adopts the traveling grate stoker as the main burning carrier of whole bundle of straw burning, leads to the high temperature because pressing close to the boiler body in order to prevent the hopper, has adopted the water-cooling hopper, and water-cooled cooling effect is more obvious and the noise is little than the forced air cooling. The horizontal distributor and the bundle breaking device which are additionally arranged in the hopper are matched for use so as to ensure that the whole bundle of straw is looser when entering the hearth, when the straw falls on the fire grate, the mechanical kickoff controls the thickness of the straw layer entering the combustion stage, and double secondary combustion-supporting air, primary high-pressure air turning, hopper sealing high-pressure air and the like are arranged in the hearth so as to improve the combustion sufficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figures, the various reference numbers are:

1-an automatic feeding device; 2-a horizontal distributor; 3-a bale breaking device; 4-water cooling hopper; 5-mechanical kick-out device; 6-dust fall partition wall; 7-whole bundle of straw; 8-a grate; 9-high pressure sealing combustion-supporting air; 10-outlet secondary air; 11-high pressure material turning wind; 12-hearth side secondary air.

Detailed Description

In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and drawings. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, and integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected to each other, indirectly connected to each other through an intermediate member, or connected to each other through the inside of two members. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1, a boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws comprises an automatic feeding device 1, a hopper and a boiler body, wherein the automatic feeding device 1 is arranged on one side of the boiler body, the bottom end of the automatic feeding device 1 is arranged on the ground, the top end of the automatic feeding device 1 is communicated with the hopper, the hopper is communicated with the boiler body, and the whole bundles of straws 7 enter the hopper from the upper end of the hopper and fall into the boiler body through the hopper. The boiler body comprises a grate 8 and a shell arranged outside the grate 8, and an outlet at the lower end of the hopper is positioned above the grate 8, so that straws can smoothly enter the boiler body and finish combustion.

In order to ensure that the outlet of the hopper is located above the grate 8, at least one side of the hopper should be in close proximity to the side wall of the boiler body. This design can make the temperature of hopper rise because the heat transfer, and in order to reduce the temperature of hopper, what the hopper in this embodiment adopted is water-cooling hopper 4, and many circulation heat dissipation water courses are found to the lateral wall of water-cooling hopper 4, and the radiating efficiency is higher than air-cooled system.

The grate 8 is used in a boiler for stacking straw and enables the straw to burn efficiently on the grate 8. The grate 8 is equipped with the ventilation clearance of suitable distance by a plurality of grate pieces between the adjacent grate piece, sets up the divided ventilation chamber that can adjust the amount of wind below the grate 8 to the grate is once the wind and gets into the burning of straw layer through the gap, and the grate piece can adopt cast iron to make, and the heat conductivity is better. Meanwhile, a reasonable air channel is arranged in the boiler body to ensure that air normally passes through the fire grate 8, and residues after being burnt out are discharged manually or mechanically. In the embodiment, a chain grate is adopted, and grate pieces of the chain grate are fixed on a support at the upper part of a chain and driven by a chain wheel to run at a set speed.

In order to prevent the incomplete combustion of the whole bundle of straws 7, a bundle breaking device 3 is arranged at the position, close to a hopper discharge port, of a water-cooling hopper 4, the bundle breaking device 3 is composed of two roller knives with different rotating directions, the two groups of roller knives can rotate towards the gap between the two groups of roller knives, and the size of the gap is set according to the required bundle breaking degree. But at least the distance between the two roller knives and the distance between the roller knives and the adjacent hopper wall are required to be less than the diameter of the whole bundle of straws 7.

The bundle breaking device 3 can break the whole bundle of straws 7 according to a preset angle, and a horizontal distributor 2 is required to be additionally arranged in the water-cooling hopper 4. The whole bundle of straws 7 is sent into the water-cooling hopper 4 through the automatic feeding device 1, when the straws are conveyed to the topmost end of the automatic feeding device 1, the horizontal distributor 2 at the position automatically adjusts the relative position of the whole bundle of straws 7, so that the length direction of the whole bundle of straws 7 is parallel to the horizontal plane when the whole bundle of straws 7 falls, and then the whole bundle of straws 7 are ensured to fall onto the bundle breaking device 3 in the posture and are broken.

The straws can form different combustion temperature intervals when passing through different combustion processes, so that the coking of straw ash and the corrosion of fly ash on a heating surface are avoided. In particular, straws uniformly fall on a fire grate 8 from a water-cooling hopper 4 at the front end of the fire grate 8, and the thickness of the straws can be adjusted by a mechanical kick-out device 5. The mechanical kick-out device 5 is positioned above the fire grate 8 and keeps a certain distance with the fire grate 8, and the distance is the thickness of the straws allowed to enter the hearth. Mechanical kickoff 5 includes the roller and the kickoff of equipartition on the roller, and the rotation direction of roller is opposite with the traffic direction of grate 8, and the straw that is higher than regulation thickness can be prevented to pass through when passing through mechanical kickoff 5 below promptly to the thickness on the straw layer that control entering furnace carries out the burning step guarantees fully of burning. As the fire grate 8 moves backwards, the straws are ignited and burnt until being burnt out. The running speed of the grate 8 can be adjusted by a speed changer according to different loads of the boiler body.

Because the straw layer has certain thickness, mechanical kickoff 5 can control the thickness of straw layer, but can't guarantee whether the burning of straw layer top is abundant. Therefore, a high-pressure material turning wind 11 is also arranged in the hearth, the air outlet of the high-pressure material turning wind 11 is basically parallel to the surface of the fire grate, and the height of the air outlet can be the same as that of the straw layer, so that the side surface of the straw layer can be exposed to wind.

The straws are uniformly dropped and distributed on the fire grate 8 after being unbundled, the straws are ignited by an automatic ignition device (conventional arrangement on the fire grate 8), the high-pressure sealing combustion-supporting air 9 of the hopper supports combustion, and the air source of the high-pressure sealing combustion-supporting air 9 is basically the same as the height of the bale breaking device 3. Flame enters a hearth through a feeding end of a grate 8 to be continuously combusted, and the combusted straw is gasified, cracked and combusted under the combustion supporting of primary air (from the lower part of the grate 8) of the grate and secondary air 12 (positioned above a high-pressure turning air 11) on the side of the hearth, and a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas is generated; the high-temperature combustible gas is quickly combusted at high temperature under the combustion supporting of the secondary air 10 at the outlet, and the generated flue gas enters the flue gas purification device to be discharged after heat exchange between the wing-shaped flue in the hearth and a flue pipe externally connected with the boiler body. Due to the arrangement of the air path in the hearth, ash and slag are easy to be blown up together during material turning or combustion supporting, so that the ash and slag are mixed during smoke discharge, and a dust-settling partition wall 6 is further arranged at an outlet.

It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for more clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that other variations or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description for those skilled in the art, and all the embodiments cannot be exhaustive, and all the obvious variations or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws is characterized by comprising an automatic feeding device, a hopper and a boiler body, wherein the automatic feeding device is arranged on one side of the boiler body; a grate is arranged in the boiler body, and a discharge port of the hopper is positioned above a feeding end of the grate; the straw bale breaking device is arranged in the hopper and comprises two roller knives, and the distance between the two roller knives and the distance between the roller knives and the wall of the hopper close to the roller knives are smaller than the diameter of the whole bale of straw.

2. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grate comprises a plurality of grate segments, a ventilation gap is arranged between adjacent grate segments, and a separate ventilation chamber capable of adjusting air volume is arranged below the grate.

3. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a horizontal distributor for adjusting the position of whole bundles of straws is further arranged in the hopper, the horizontal distributor is positioned at the transportation end of the automatic feeding device, and the length direction of whole bundles of straws is parallel to the horizontal plane.

4. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a mechanical kick-out device for controlling the thickness of the straw layer is further provided in the boiler body, the mechanical kick-out device is positioned above the grate, and the distance between the lower end of the mechanical kick-out device and the upper end of the grate is the thickness of the straw layer allowed to pass through.

5. The boiler of claim 4, wherein the mechanical kickoff comprises a roll shaft and kickoff plates uniformly distributed on the roll shaft, and the roll shaft rotates in a direction opposite to the running direction of the grate.

6. The boiler of claim 4, wherein a high-pressure stirring air is further arranged in the furnace chamber of the boiler body, the bottom end of an air outlet of the high-pressure stirring air is parallel to the upper end surface of the grate, and the height of the air outlet is equal to the thickness of the straw layer allowed to pass through, so that the side surface of the straw layer can be exposed to air.

7. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a high-pressure sealed combustion-supporting air is arranged in the hopper, and an air outlet of the high-pressure sealed combustion-supporting air and the bundle breaking device are located at the same height.

8. The boiler suitable for the direct combustion of the whole bundle of straws as claimed in claim 7, wherein a combustion-supporting furnace side secondary air is further provided, and the furnace side secondary air is positioned above the high-pressure stirring air.

9. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a wing-shaped flue for guiding flue gas is arranged in a hearth of the boiler body, and the flue gas of the boiler body enters the flue gas purification device to be discharged after heat exchange through an external flue pipe.

10. The boiler suitable for direct combustion of whole bundles of straws as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the hopper is a water-cooled hopper, and the side wall of the water-cooled hopper is provided with a plurality of circulating heat dissipation water channels to reduce the temperature of the hopper.