CN217839539U

CN217839539U - Tunable sound absorption steel rail damper

Info

Publication number: CN217839539U
Application number: CN202221966992.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪少华
Original assignee: Shengjian Technology Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shengjian Technology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-28
Filing date: 2022-07-28
Publication date: 2022-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-28

Abstract

The invention provides a tunable sound absorption steel rail damper, which comprises a symmetrical vibration absorption wedge block, a sound absorption device and a constraint damping layer which are fixed on two sides of a rail web of a steel rail, wherein the vibration absorption wedge block extends downwards and is fixed on a lower side wing of the steel rail; adjustable threaded mass blocks are vertically and horizontally arranged on the vibration damping wedge block and are fixed on two sides of a rail web of the steel rail by steel spring clips; the sound absorption device is arranged on the surface of the vibration reduction wedge block and is externally wrapped with a perforated metal mask; the metal mask is embedded in the rail web and the lower side wing of the vibration reduction wedge block, damping materials are arranged at the contact position of the metal mask and the rail, and a constrained damping layer structure is integrally formed. The invention can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the steel rail and inhibit the noise by changing the tuning body to adapt to the change of the characteristic frequency of the steel rail and restricting the damping layer, but also absorb the noise generated by the contact of the wheel rail, thereby reducing the noise pollution of the wheel rail of the rail transit.

Description

Tunable sound absorption steel rail damper

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of steel rail vibration reduction and noise reduction, in particular to a tunable sound absorption steel rail damper.

Background

With the rapid development of rail transit in China in recent years, a plurality of rail transit lines pass through residential areas and office areas of common people, so that the living and working environments of residents around are influenced by vibration and noise caused by the rail transit lines, the comfort of train passengers is reduced by the severe vibration, the vibration and the noise mainly come from the vibration between wheel rails, and the vibration of the wheel rails is an effective measure for controlling the influence of the noise on the environment.

At present, the wheel rail vibration control in China mainly adopts steel rail vibration damping and noise reduction devices such as a constraint damping type device, a vibration absorber type device, an embedded type device and a radiation shielding type device, the vibration damping measures are single, and the vibration damping and noise reduction effects are influenced. For example, patent No. CN113089389A discloses a steel rail vibration absorber device, which adopts a combination of web sound absorption and tuning body to reduce vibration and noise of steel rail, and has a certain sound absorption effect on the vibration absorption of steel rail and the rail web noise of steel rail, but the noise emitted by wheel-rail contact can still be radiated to the outside, which affects the noise reduction effect, and meanwhile, the characteristic frequency of the train can be changed due to various factors in the operation process, and the tuning body is formed after production and installation, and cannot adjust any parameter, and cannot effectively reduce vibration of steel rail, and only the tuning body can be replaced to adapt to the change of characteristic frequency, which causes the waste of manpower and materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a tunable sound absorption steel rail damper which can effectively reduce the vibration of a steel rail and inhibit the generation of noise by changing a tuning body to adapt to the change of the characteristic frequency of the steel rail and restricting a damping layer, can absorb the noise generated by the contact of the steel rail and reduce the noise pollution of the steel rail and the wheel rail in rail transit.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a tunable sound absorption steel rail damper which is arranged on two sides of a rail web of a steel rail and comprises a vibration absorption wedge block and a sound absorption device, wherein the vibration absorption wedge block extends downwards from the upper position of the rail web to a lower side wing of the steel rail; the sound absorption device is arranged on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge;

the vibration reduction wedge comprises a wedge body, wherein a group of threaded block mounting holes are uniformly distributed in the wedge body in the vertical and axial directions, internal threads are formed in the inner wall of each threaded block mounting hole, a threaded mass block is detachably arranged on each threaded block mounting hole, and external threads corresponding to the internal threads are formed in the outer wall of each threaded mass block; the natural frequency of the vibration reduction wedge blocks is quickly adjusted by changing the number, the length and the depth of the screw mass blocks in the vertical direction and the axial direction of the wedge block body to tune the vertical vibration dominant frequency and the transverse vibration dominant frequency of the steel rail, and the screw mass blocks are arranged in the vibration reduction wedge blocks in a screwing mode.

The sound absorption device is a porous sound absorption material layer coated on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge block, a metal mask is coated on the outer surface of the porous sound absorption material layer, and a damping material is arranged on the contact surface of the metal mask and the steel rail;

the vibration reduction wedge and the sound absorption device form a sound absorber for absorbing noise generated by the contact of the wheel rail, and the noise generated by the contact of the wheel rail is absorbed, so that the radiation of the noise is reduced; the damping material and the metal mask form a constrained damping layer which consumes mechanical vibration energy.

Further, the threaded mass block comprises a group of vertical threaded blocks and a group of axial threaded blocks, and the vertical threaded blocks and the axial threaded blocks are arranged in a staggered mode.

Furthermore, the metal mask is formed by bending a single aluminum alloy plate, the surface of the metal mask is provided with uniformly distributed open pores, the open pores are in any one of a circular shape, an oval shape and a polygonal shape, and the open pore ratio of the open pores is 20-40%.

Furthermore, the damping material is a viscoelastic damping material and is adhered between the metal mask and the steel rail, the damping material and the metal mask form a constrained damping structure, and the energy of mechanical vibration is digested through the shear deformation of the damping material, so that the aim of vibration reduction is fulfilled. And an adhesive coating is arranged on the outer surface of the damping material.

Further, the metal mask includes an upper mounting flap and a lower mounting flap; the upper mounting folded plate is inserted into the upper mounting groove of the vibration reduction wedge block during assembly; the lower mounting folded plate is inserted into the lower mounting groove of the vibration damping wedge block during assembly; the lower part mounting folded plate is provided with a steel spring clip mounting hole, so that the steel spring clip can conveniently penetrate through the rail bottom of the steel rail when being mounted.

Further, the vibration damping wedge blocks are fixed with the steel rail through steel spring clips; the steel bullet presss from both sides including the right angle limit of bending and the bevel edge of bending, and the mounting hole of damping wedge piece is inserted to the right angle limit when the assembly, and the lower flange department of the damping wedge piece that the bevel edge inserted the plane of symmetry and the rail of contact when the assembly.

Furthermore, the vibration damping wedge block is made of an elastic damping material, and the material of the vibration damping wedge block is any one of ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyurethane or chloroprene rubber.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) The invention processes from the sound source and the transmission path of the noise, and adopts various processing measures to reduce vibration and noise; (2) According to the invention, the characteristic frequency of the steel rail damper is quickly tuned and damped through the number, length and mounting position of the adjustable threaded mass blocks, and the parameters of the adjustable threaded mass blocks can be quickly adjusted to quickly respond to the change under the condition of not changing a damping wedge when the characteristic frequency of a train is changed due to various factors in the operation process, so that the waste of labor and materials is reduced; (3) The sound absorber composed of the sound absorption device and the vibration reduction wedge absorbs noise generated by the contact of wheel rails, and reduces the radiation of the noise; (4) According to the invention, the constrained damping layer formed by the damping material and the metal mask consumes mechanical vibration energy through the shear deformation of the damping material, so as to achieve damping vibration attenuation; (5) The tunable sound absorption steel rail damper provided by the invention controls a sound source by using the vibration absorption wedge block and the constraint damping layer, and controls the transmission path of noise by using the sound absorber, so that the vibration absorption and noise reduction of steel rail vibration are carried out in full frequency band and full path, and the pollution of rail traffic wheel rail noise is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vibration damping wedge;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a damping wedge;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a damping wedge;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a metal mask;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the metal visor in an expanded state;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of the steel clip.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rail is taken as an axis, and a symmetrical tunable sound absorption rail damper is arranged on two sides of a rail web of a rail 1 and comprises a vibration absorption wedge block 2 and a sound absorption device 4, wherein the vibration absorption wedge block 2 extends downwards from the upper position of the rail web to a lower side wing of the rail; the sound absorption device 4 is arranged on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge block 2;

as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the vibration damping wedge 2 is made of an elastic damping material, and is made of any one of ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyurethane or chloroprene rubber. The vibration reduction wedge 2 comprises a wedge body, a group of threaded block mounting holes 201 are uniformly distributed in the wedge body in the vertical and axial directions, internal threads are formed in the inner walls of the threaded block mounting holes 201, threaded mass blocks 5 are detachably arranged on the threaded block mounting holes 201, and external threads corresponding to the internal threads are formed in the outer walls of the threaded mass blocks 5; the threaded mass block 5 comprises a group of vertical threaded blocks 5-1 and a group of axial threaded blocks 5-2, and the vertical threaded blocks 5-1 and the axial threaded blocks 5-2 are arranged in a staggered mode. The threaded mass block 5 is made of any metal material such as iron, copper, lead and stainless steel, is in a cylindrical shape, is provided with threads matched with the threaded mounting hole 201 on the side surface, is provided with a mounting tool groove on one side of a circular surface, is in any shape of hexagon socket, cross and straight line, quickly tunes the vibration frequency of the steel rail by changing the quantity, length and depth of the mounting position in the implementation process, and is mounted in the vibration reduction wedge block 2 in a screw rod screwing mode.

The sound absorption device 4 is a porous sound absorption material layer coated on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge 2, and the porous sound absorption material is one or a plurality of combinations with high sound absorption coefficient, hydrophobicity and fireproof performance, such as rock wool, glass wool, polyurethane wool, foamed aluminum, foamed ceramic and the like. The outer surface of the porous sound absorption material layer is coated with a metal mask 3, and a damping material 7 is arranged on the contact surface of the metal mask 3 and the steel rail 1; the damping material 7 is a viscoelastic damping material and is adhered between the metal mask and the steel rail, the damping material and the metal mask form a constrained damping structure, and the energy of mechanical vibration is digested through the shear deformation of the damping material, so that the aim of vibration reduction is fulfilled. The outer surface of the damping material is provided with an adhesive coating which is adhered between the steel rail 1 and the metal mask 3, the upper installation folded plate 301 and the lower installation folded plate 302 of the metal mask 3 are used as constraint layers, a constraint damping structure is integrally formed, and the energy of mechanical vibration is digested through the shear deformation of the damping material 7, so that the aim of vibration reduction is fulfilled.

The vibration reduction wedge 2 and the sound absorption device 4 form a sound absorber for absorbing noise generated by the contact of the wheel rail, and the noise generated by the contact of the wheel rail is absorbed, so that the radiation of the noise is reduced; the damping material and the metal mask form a constrained damping layer which consumes mechanical vibration energy.

As shown in figures 6 and 7, the metal mask is formed by bending a single aluminum alloy plate, preferably made of aluminum alloy, has excellent fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance and has the thickness of 1-2 mm. The surface of the metal mask 3 is provided with uniformly distributed open pores, the open pores are in any one of a circular shape, an oval shape and a polygonal shape, the open pore ratio of the open pores is 20% -40%, and the surface is subjected to antiseptic treatment after molding. The metal face mask 3 comprises an upper mounting flap 301 and a lower mounting flap 302; the upper mounting folded plate 301 is inserted into the upper mounting groove 203 of the vibration damping wedge 2 during assembly; the lower mounting flap 302 is inserted into the lower mounting groove 204 of the vibration damping wedge 2 during assembly; the lower mounting flap 302 is provided with a clip mounting hole 303 to facilitate passage of the clip 6 through the rail foot when installed.

As shown in fig. 8, the damping wedge 2 is fixed with the steel rail 1 through a steel clip 6; the steel spring clip 6 comprises a bent right-angle side 601 and a bent oblique-angle side 602, wherein the right-angle side is inserted into the mounting hole 202 of the damping wedge block 2 during assembly, and the oblique-angle side 602 is inserted into the lower flange of the damping wedge block 2 of the symmetry plane and the contacted steel rail 1 during assembly. The elastic clamps 6 on the two sides are staggered, so that transverse and vertical clamping force can be provided for the integral structure, and the operation safety is guaranteed.

As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tunable formula sound absorption rail attenuator installs the web of a rail both sides of rail (1), its characterized in that: the damping steel rail comprises a damping wedge block (2) and a sound absorption device (4), wherein the damping wedge block (2) extends downwards from the upper part of a rail web to a lower side wing of a steel rail; the sound absorption device (4) is arranged on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge block (2);

the vibration reduction wedge (2) comprises a wedge body, a group of threaded block mounting holes (201) are uniformly distributed in the wedge body in the vertical direction and the axial direction, internal threads are formed in the inner walls of the threaded block mounting holes (201), a threaded mass block (5) is detachably arranged on the threaded block mounting holes (201), and external threads corresponding to the internal threads are formed in the outer walls of the threaded mass block (5);

the sound absorption device (4) is a porous sound absorption material layer coated on the outer surface of the vibration reduction wedge block (2), a metal mask (3) is coated on the outer surface of the porous sound absorption material layer, and a damping material (7) is arranged on the contact surface of the metal mask (3) and the steel rail (1);

the vibration reduction wedge block (2) and the sound absorption device (4) form a sound absorber for absorbing noise generated by contact of a wheel rail; the damping material and the metal mask form a constrained damping layer which consumes mechanical vibration energy.

2. A tunable sound absorbing rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the threaded mass block (5) comprises a group of vertical threaded blocks (5-1) and a group of axial threaded blocks (5-2), and the vertical threaded blocks (5-1) and the axial threaded blocks (5-2) are arranged in a staggered mode.

3. The tunable acoustic rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the metal mask (3) is provided with uniformly distributed open pores, the open pores are in any one of a circular shape, an oval shape and a polygonal shape, and the open pore ratio of the open pores is 20-40%.

4. The tunable acoustic rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the damping material (7) is a viscoelastic damping material, and an adhesive coating is arranged on the outer surface of the damping material.

5. The tunable acoustic rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the metal mask (3) comprises an upper mounting flap (301) and a lower mounting flap (302); the upper mounting folded plate (301) is inserted into the upper mounting groove (203) of the vibration reduction wedge (2) during assembly; the lower mounting folded plate (302) is inserted into the lower mounting groove (204) of the vibration reduction wedge block (2) during assembly; and a steel clip mounting hole (303) is formed in the lower mounting folded plate (302).

6. A tunable sound absorbing rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the vibration reduction wedge block (2) is fixed with the steel rail (1) through a steel spring clip (6); the steel clip (6) comprises a bent right-angle side (601) and a bent oblique-angle side (602), the right-angle side is inserted into the mounting hole (202) of the vibration-damping wedge block (2) during assembly, and the oblique-angle side (602) is inserted into the vibration-damping wedge block (2) of the symmetry plane and the lower flange of the contacted steel rail (1) during assembly.

7. A tunable sound absorbing rail damper of claim 1, wherein: the vibration reduction wedge block (2) is made of an elastic damping material, and is made of any one of ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyurethane or chloroprene rubber.