CN217820847U - Power transmission line phase spacing track dynamic measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dynamic measuring device for the phase spacing track of a power transmission line, which comprises a data acquisition prepositive device, a wireless device and a display terminal; the data acquisition prepositive device comprises a control system, a UWB chip, a UWB antenna, a connecting plate and a protection box; the control system comprises a UWB wireless communication and ranging module, an ARM control module and a lithium battery; the control system, the UWB chip, the UWB antenna and the wireless device are arranged in the protection box; the number of the data acquisition prepositive devices is three; the data acquisition prepositive device is respectively arranged on the spacer rods of the three-phase transmission lines A, B and C with the same section, and acquires phase spacing signals of the A-B and B-C with the same section of the line in real time; the number of the wireless devices is one, and the wireless devices are arranged in the protective box of any phase; the wireless device is in wireless connection with the UWB wireless communication and ranging module and the display terminal. The phase distance of the power transmission line is directly measured, the track information of the phase distance is comprehensively acquired in real time and anywhere, the complete motion data is obtained, and the precision is higher.

Description

Power transmission line phase spacing track dynamic measurement device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a transmission line fortune dimension overhauls technical field, especially relates to a transmission line looks interval orbit dynamic measurement device.

Background

The phenomena of windage yaw and galloping of a high-voltage transmission line are main problems threatening the safe operation of a power grid, particularly, once a backbone network line of 500kV or more is galloped, the damage energy is huge, the duration is long, line flashover, tripping and pole tower bolt loosening and falling are easily caused, hardware and insulators are damaged when the line is serious, strands of wires are broken, the lines are broken, even the tower is turned over, large-area power failure is caused, a major power grid accident is caused, direct economic loss is caused, and the safety and reliability of the power grid are seriously threatened.

The phase distance measurement is used for monitoring whether the distance between phases on the power transmission line is in a safe distance. In essence, it is still a distance measurement, and the methods commonly used at present include both indirect and direct means. The indirect means mainly comprises acceleration, and the direct means comprises video extraction, radio electromagnetic wave acquisition, ultrasonic acquisition and the like.

And the acceleration measurement is to install an acceleration sensor on a measured point to obtain an acceleration vector difference value of the measured point, then carry out secondary integration and further obtain distance data. The advantage of this method is that no reference point is needed, the measurement dependency to the outside is low, but the disadvantage is that the line galloping includes three-dimensional linear motion and torsional motion, and even if the gyroscope is used for angle and zero point calibration, the accumulated error caused by long-term measurement is difficult to overcome.

The video extraction is to record the motion situation of the measured point and then extract the motion track of the measured point by means of mining software. The method is a direct measurement means, has the precision of dozens of cm, and is convenient to use. However, the motion condition of the measured point cannot be monitored, manual participation is needed, and the measurement cannot be carried out under the conditions that the background is close to the color of the measured point, the background is cloudy, the night and the like due to the visual environment of the scene.

And (4) ultrasonic distance measurement. The working principle of the measuring means is essentially the same as that of the electromagnetic wave distance measurement, namely the flight time multiplied by the wave speed. However, since the ultrasound belongs to sound waves, the propagation speed is slow, the problem of multipath effect is not prominent, and the measurement error is small. The range finding precision of the ultrasonic wave can be from m to mm according to the fact that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is from a few kHz to hundreds of kHz. However, ultrasonic ranging cannot be accommodated for the practical case of spacer rods.

And (4) radio-electromagnetic wave distance measurement. This mode is also a direct measurement means, and requires a reference point, and the distance between the reference point and the measured point is calculated by the transmission time of the electromagnetic wave between the two points, i.e. the flight time, and then combining the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave. The measurement means has a wide coverage range, including ZigBee, bluetooth, WLan, GPRS, GPS, infrared, UWB and the like. These measures are not only different in the communication frequency band, but also different in solving the key multipath effect (judging the first arriving wave), and therefore different in the generated ranging error.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For overcoming the above-mentioned defect, the utility model aims to provide a transmission line phase interval orbit dynamic measurement device, the alternate distance of direct measurement transmission line, anytime and anywhere real-time comprehensive acquisition phase interval's orbit information acquires more complete motion data, and the precision is higher.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a dynamic measurement device for a phase-to-phase distance track of a power transmission line comprises a data acquisition front device, a wireless device and a display terminal; the data acquisition front-end device comprises a control system, a UWB chip, a UWB antenna, a connecting plate and a protection box; the control system comprises a UWB wireless communication and ranging module, an ARM control module and a lithium battery; the control system, the UWB chip, the UWB antenna and the wireless device are placed in the protective box; the number of the data acquisition prepositive devices is three; the data acquisition prepositive device is respectively arranged on the spacers of the three-phase transmission lines A, B and C with the same section, and is used for acquiring phase spacing signals of the same section A-B and B-C of the transmission line in real time; the number of the wireless devices is one, and the wireless devices are arranged in the protection box of any phase; the wireless device is in wireless connection with the UWB wireless communication and ranging module and the display terminal.

Optionally, the power transmission cable of each phase is four-split; the spacer comprises a frame plate and a first bracket; the number of the first supports is four; one end of the first support is uniformly distributed at the edge of the frame plate and is fixedly connected with the edge of the frame plate, a first cable fixing point is arranged at the other end of the first support, the first cable fixing point is a cylinder, and a wire passing hole is formed in the middle of the first support; the first cable fixing point is movably connected with the four-split power transmission cable of each phase respectively; the protective box is installed in the middle of the frame plate through bolts.

Optionally, a second bracket is obliquely arranged at the side part of each of the two axisymmetrical first brackets; one end of the second support is fixedly connected with the side part of the first support, a second cable fixing point is arranged at the other end of the second support, the second cable fixing point is a cylinder, a wire passing hole is formed in the middle of the second support, and the second cable fixing points are respectively movably connected with two axially symmetric transmission cables.

Optionally, the first cable fixing point and the second cable fixing point are both provided with bolt holes, and the bolt holes and the wire passing holes are perpendicular to each other but do not intersect; the first cable fixing point and the second cable fixing point are connected with a power transmission cable bolt; and an anti-slip rubber pad is stuck inside the wire passing hole.

Optionally, the second cable fixing point is longer than the first cable fixing point.

Optionally, a plurality of solar panels are fixed outside the protection box; the solar cell panel is connected with the lithium battery.

Optionally, a distance sensor is respectively arranged on the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of one first cable fixing point or one second cable fixing point, and the distance sensor is connected with the wireless device.

Optionally, the UWB antenna is located at a central position of the bezel.

Optionally, the ARM control module adopts an ARM processor STM32F103C8T6 to control signal acquisition, data communication and power consumption control, and adopts a combination of a boost DCDC and a high-precision LDO in the aspect of power supply inside the circuit board; the UWB wireless communication and ranging module adopts DW1000 series chips, integrates system-on-chip functions of UWB radio frequency transceiving, ranging data preprocessing and serial port communication, supports data communication rates of 110kbit/s,850kbit/s and 6.8Mbit/s, supports 6 frequency bands, and has a center frequency of 4.5GHz; the surface of the UWB antenna is plated with gold and is an omnidirectional antenna, the working frequency band is 3.1-6.5G,3dBi gain, and the emission distance can reach more than 500 meters; the lithium battery adopts a loose 3400mAH lithium battery, 32 lithium batteries are connected in parallel to form a battery pack, the overall capacity reaches 120AH, the single-cell internal resistance is only 40m omega, and the self-discharge uA level is achieved; the protective box adopts accessories above IP66 and adopts sealant additional protective measures.

Optionally, the display terminal includes a mobile phone, a computer or a tablet.

The utility model discloses an actively beneficial effect:

1. the interphase distance of the power transmission line is directly measured, the precision can reach 10cm, and the problems of accumulative error and zero return which are difficult to solve by adopting an acceleration quadratic integration mode in the prior art are solved. The measurement result is more accurate, the device can be suitable for any complex motion mode of the measured target, including motion modes of three axes, six axes and the like, and the problem of distance monitoring of non-periodic motion which cannot be solved by the traditional means can be solved.

2. And carrying out high-frequency sampling, comprehensively obtaining track information of phase intervals, obtaining more complete motion data, and continuously sampling the frequency of 20Hz. The traditional monitoring technology has long sampling interval of at least more than 1 minute, and is difficult to acquire real-time and complete distance information.

3. Among various measuring means for directly measuring the distance, the UWB technology has higher measuring precision, is less influenced by the environment and has larger measuring range.

4. The data transmission speed is fast, and the phase distance of the power transmission line can be monitored at any time and any place.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-sided two-way distance measurement working principle and error distribution provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a data acquisition front-end device, a spacer and a power transmission line provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a data acquisition front-end device, a spacer and a three-phase transmission line a, B, C provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a control system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a device for dynamically measuring a phase-to-phase distance trajectory of a power transmission line provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

1. A power transmission cable; 2. a spacer; 21. a frame plate; 22. a first bracket; 23. a first cable fixation point; 24. a wire passing hole; 25. a second bracket; 26. a second cable fixing point; 27. bolt holes; 3. a data acquisition pre-device; 4. a solar panel; 5. an annular sleeve.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to some embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a dynamic measurement device for a phase-to-phase distance track of a power transmission line comprises a data acquisition front-end device 3, a wireless device and a display terminal; the data acquisition prepositive device 3 comprises a control system, a UWB chip, a UWB antenna, a connecting plate and a protection box; the control system comprises a UWB wireless communication and ranging module, an ARM control module and a lithium battery; the control system, the UWB chip, the UWB antenna and the wireless device are placed in the protective box; the number of the data acquisition prepositive devices 3 is three; the data acquisition prepositive device 3 is respectively arranged on the spacer 2 of the three-phase transmission lines A, B and C with the same section, and acquires phase spacing signals of the same section A-B and B-C of the transmission line in real time; the number of the wireless devices is one, and the wireless devices are arranged in the protection box of any phase; the wireless device is in wireless connection with the UWB wireless communication and ranging module and the display terminal.

The utility model discloses based on UWB ranging technology. Compared with other narrow-band and carrier wireless measurement means (such as ZigBee, wifi, differential GPS, bluetooth and the like), the UWB ranging technology has no multipath effect, and can accurately identify the transmitted first data packet, so that the measurement error can be reduced. In UWB communication, the First Path signal can be identified accurately according to time difference, but only the First Path signal can be considered when the First Path signal is reached directly or through, so that the multipath effect can be solved well, and the ranging precision can be improved greatly. In the aspect of the ranging algorithm, symmetric bilateral double-sided two-way ranging (SDSTWR) is adopted to improve the precision. The operation principle is shown in fig. 1, and its accuracy depends on the clock errors of the devices a, B and the average delay time of the device processing.

In addition, UWB has still that the area is wide, interference killing feature is strong, the measuring point is many, measuring range, communication range are big, the low power dissipation, advantages such as security are strong. The typical ranging precision of the UWB technology is 10cm, the positioning precision is 30cm, the communication range is more than 500m, the frame rate is high and is more than 20Hz, and the UWB technology is very suitable for phase-to-phase distance monitoring. The advantages of ranging are as follows:

and (3) measuring precision: 3-10cm; (positioning: 10-30 cm)

Measurement range: 500m;

communication bandwidth: 3G-10 GHz;

data throughput: 110kbps;

sampling rate: 20Hz (200 Hz max);

the UWB antenna adopts a 360-degree omnidirectional antenna, so that the UWB ranging cannot have the orientation problem like ultrasonic ranging, and cannot be influenced by the angle changes of a receiving party and a transmitting party caused by line galloping and twisting.

A. And UWB chips on the B and C three-phase power transmission lines acquire signals such as phase distances A-B and B-C of the same section in real time, the signals such as the phase distances are wirelessly transmitted to nearby wireless devices through UWB wireless communication and ranging modules, and the wireless devices transmit data to distant display terminals through nearby base stations and process or store the data to obtain corresponding phase distance track dynamics of the power transmission lines.

Referring to fig. 3, the data acquisition pre-device 3 employs bilateral two-way ranging, in which the middle phase (phase B) installation point serves as the role of an anchor and the two side phases (phase a and phase C) serve as tags; each monitoring is initiated by the label, the data sequence and the time stamp are sent to the anchor, and the anchor sends the data sequence containing the new time stamp back to the label after receiving the data sequence, so that one-time bilateral two-way ranging is completed, and the phase distance is obtained. No matter anchor or label, its hardware structure is the same completely, all is data acquisition preposition device 3, comprises control system, UWB chip, UWB antenna, connecting plate and guard box etc..

The transmission cable 1 of each phase is quadripartion; the spacer 2 comprises a frame plate 3 and a first bracket 22; the number of the first supports 22 is four; one end of the first support 22 is uniformly distributed on the edge of the frame plate 3 and is fixedly connected with the edge of the frame plate 3, the other end of the first support 22 is provided with a first cable fixing point 23, the first cable fixing point 23 is a cylinder, and the middle part of the first support is provided with a wire passing hole 24; the first cable fixing point 23 is movably connected with the four-split power transmission cable 1 of each phase; the protective box is mounted in the middle of the frame plate 3 through bolts. The UWB antenna is located in the center of the bezel 3, and this mounting arrangement allows the side-to-middle phase center distance to be constantly monitored, without being affected by the angle of the transmitting and receiving antenna.

Referring to fig. 2, second brackets 25 are obliquely provided at the side portions of two of the first brackets 22, which are axisymmetrical, respectively; one end of the second bracket 25 is fixedly connected with the side part of the first bracket 22, the other end of the second bracket is provided with a second cable fixing point 26, the second cable fixing point 26 is a cylinder, the middle part of the second bracket is provided with a wire passing hole 24, and the two second cable fixing points 26 are respectively movably connected with the two axisymmetric power transmission cables 1. The first cable fixing point 23 and the second cable fixing point 26 are both provided with bolt holes 27, and the bolt holes 27 and the wire passing holes 24 are perpendicular to each other but do not intersect; the first cable fixing point 23 and the second cable fixing point 26 are bolted to the power transmission cable 1. The second cable fixing points 26 arranged in the axial symmetry mode can improve the stability of the spacer 2, prevent the spacer 2 from moving axially along a power transmission line, lead to the fact that the three data acquisition front devices 3 are not on the same section, and improve the precision of phase distance measurement. Furthermore, an anti-slip rubber pad is adhered to the inside of the wire through hole 24, and the length of the second cable fixing point 26 is longer than that of the first cable fixing point 23, so that the friction between the first cable fixing point 23 and the second cable fixing point 26 and the power transmission cable 1 can be improved.

A distance sensor is arranged on each of the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of one of the first cable fixing points 23 or the second cable fixing points 26, the distance sensors are arranged on the annular sleeves 5, the two annular sleeves 5 are attached to and separated from the first cable fixing points 23 or the second cable fixing points 26, and the distance sensors are connected with the wireless devices. Spacer 2 may receive the strong wind influence, along transmission cable 1 axial displacement, no matter which direction spacer 2 moves towards, all can promote the displacement of annular cover 5 at the in-process that removes, annular cover 5 drives one of them distance sensor again and produces the displacement, displacement between two distance sensors can increase, distance sensor can be with the signal transmission to wireless device of distance increase, wireless device can be this information retransmission to display terminal, this parameter of distance increase will be added when display terminal handles signals such as looks interval again, make the looks interval data more accurate. The display terminal comprises a server, a mobile phone, a computer or a tablet, so that the phase distance of the power transmission cable 1 can be monitored conveniently at any place, and the safety guarantee is improved.

A plurality of solar panels 4 are fixed outside the protection box; the solar panel 4 is connected with the lithium battery. Real-time wireless transmission data is comparatively more power-wasting, for improving duration, has set up a plurality of solar cell panel 4, can improve the cycle of changing the battery and maintaining for lithium cell charging under the better condition of sunshine.

Referring to fig. 4, all components of the control system are in industrial grade, the working temperature is-20 ℃, the protection grade is fully considered, and the overall design meets the requirements of high performance, low power consumption and high environmental adaptability. The ARM control module is responsible for overall control, adopts ARM treater STM32F103C8T6, is responsible for control signal acquisition, data communication and power consumption control, can satisfy high-speed calculation, also consider the low-power consumption demand simultaneously. The mode of combining the voltage boosting DCDC and the high-precision LDO is adopted in the aspect of power supply inside the circuit board, the requirement of UWB high-frequency communication is guaranteed, and meanwhile, unnecessary waste of electric energy is also guaranteed to be avoided.

The UWB wireless communication and ranging module adopts DW1000 series chips, integrates UWB radio frequency transceiving, ranging data preprocessing and serial port communication system-on-chip functions, greatly reduces the technical development difficulty in ranging, can effectively solve the problem of TDoA measurement accuracy, supports data communication rates of 110kbit/s,850kbit/s and 6.8Mbit/s, supports 6 frequency bands, and has a center frequency of 3.5GHZ and 6.5GHz; the system uniformly uses the most stable 4.5GHz, has low power consumption, adopts a sending mode of 31mA, a receiving mode of 64mA and deep sleep of 100nA under the condition of not configuring PA, adopts PA to improve gain and communication distance, has the power consumption of 250mA, and can reduce the distance measurement frequency under the condition of considering both power consumption and communication distance because the distance measurement data refresh rate is higher than 1000 Hz; support for time-of-flight (TOF) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) location mechanisms; the industrial temperature range is-40 to 85 ℃, and the industrial temperature range is completely suitable for severe working conditions on site; the volume is small, and only 1 yuan of coins are provided, so that the system is convenient to integrate into any system.

The surface of the UWB antenna is plated with gold and is an omnidirectional antenna, the working frequency band is 3.1-6.5G,3dBi gain, and the emission distance can reach more than 500 meters; the lithium battery adopts an industrial grade lithium battery, a loose 3400mAH lithium battery is adopted, 32 lithium batteries are connected in parallel to form a battery pack, the overall capacity reaches 120AH, the single-section internal resistance is only 40m omega, and the battery pack is in a self-discharge uA grade; the working temperature can reach-20 ℃, and the requirement of severe environment on site is met. The protection box adopts the accessories above IP66, thereby the whole body can reach IP66 protection level, in addition, additional protection measures such as sealant and the like are also provided, the sealing performance is further improved, and the survival time of the field in long-term work is prolonged.

By adopting the UWB special flat antenna, the gains in all directions are not completely the same, and meanwhile, the antenna also gives consideration to ranging and communication, so that the influence of different relative angles of the anchor antenna and the tag antenna on ranging is tested, as shown in the following table 1. It can be seen that the ranging error caused by the change of the angle of the UWB antenna is less than 0.5%, and the precision is high.

TABLE 1 influence of relative antenna angle on ranging

The interphase distance of the power transmission line is measured, the precision can reach 10cm, and the problems of accumulative error and zero return which are difficult to solve by adopting an acceleration quadratic integration mode in the prior art are solved. The measurement result is more accurate, the device can be suitable for any complex motion mode of the measured target, including motion modes of three axes, six axes and the like, and the problem of distance monitoring of non-periodic motion which cannot be solved by the traditional means can be solved. And carrying out high-frequency sampling, comprehensively obtaining track information of phase intervals, obtaining more complete motion data, and continuously sampling the frequency of 20Hz. The traditional monitoring technology has long sampling interval of at least more than 1 minute, and is difficult to acquire real-time and complete distance information. Among various measuring means for directly measuring the distance, the UWB technology has higher measuring precision, is less influenced by the environment and has larger measuring range.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent replacements made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A dynamic measurement device for a phase spacing track of a power transmission line is characterized by comprising a data acquisition prepositive device, a wireless device and a display terminal; the data acquisition prepositive device comprises a control system, a UWB chip, a UWB antenna, a connecting plate and a protection box; the control system comprises a UWB wireless communication and ranging module, an ARM control module and a lithium battery; the control system, the UWB chip, the UWB antenna and the wireless device are placed in the protective box; the number of the data acquisition prepositioning devices is three; the data acquisition prepositive device is respectively arranged on the spacers of the three-phase transmission lines A, B and C with the same section, and is used for acquiring phase spacing signals of the same section A-B and B-C of the transmission line in real time; the number of the wireless devices is one, and the wireless devices are arranged in the protection box of any phase; the wireless device is in wireless connection with the UWB wireless communication and ranging module and the display terminal.

2. The transmission line phase spacing trajectory dynamic measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that the transmission cable of each phase is quadripartion; the spacer comprises a frame plate and a first bracket; the number of the first supports is four; one end of the first support is uniformly distributed at the edge of the frame plate and is fixedly connected with the edge of the frame plate, a first cable fixing point is arranged at the other end of the first support, the first cable fixing point is a cylinder, and a wire passing hole is formed in the middle of the first support; the first cable fixing point is movably connected with the four-split power transmission cable of each phase respectively; the protective box is installed in the middle of the frame plate through bolts.

3. The dynamic measurement device for the phase distance track of the power transmission line according to claim 2, wherein second brackets are obliquely arranged at the side parts of two axially symmetric first brackets respectively; one end of the second support is fixedly connected with the side part of the first support, a second cable fixing point is arranged at the other end of the second support, the second cable fixing point is a cylinder, a wire passing hole is formed in the middle of the second support, and the second cable fixing points are respectively movably connected with two axially symmetric transmission cables.

4. The dynamic measurement device for the phase spacing track of the power transmission line according to claim 3, wherein the first cable fixing point and the second cable fixing point are both provided with bolt holes, and the bolt holes and the wire passing holes are perpendicular to each other but do not intersect; the first cable fixing point and the second cable fixing point are connected with a power transmission cable bolt; and an anti-slip rubber pad is stuck inside the wire passing hole.

5. The dynamic measurement device of power transmission line phase distance track as claimed in claim 4, wherein the length of the second cable fixing point is greater than the length of the first cable fixing point.

6. The device for dynamically measuring the phase distance track of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of solar panels are fixed outside the protection box; the solar cell panel is connected with the lithium battery.

7. The dynamic measurement device for the phase distance track of the power transmission line according to claim 4, wherein a distance sensor is respectively arranged on the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of one of the first cable fixing point and the second cable fixing point, and the distance sensor is connected with the wireless device.

8. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the UWB antenna is located at a center of the frame plate.

9. The device for dynamically measuring the phase-to-phase distance track of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein an ARM processor STM32F103C8T6 is adopted by the ARM control module to control signal acquisition, data communication and power consumption control, and a mode of combining a boost DCDC and a high-precision LDO is adopted in the aspect of power supply inside a circuit board; the UWB wireless communication and ranging module adopts DW1000 series chips, integrates system-on-chip functions of UWB radio frequency transceiving, ranging data preprocessing and serial port communication, supports data communication rates of 110kbit/s,850kbit/s and 6.8Mbit/s, supports 6 frequency bands and has a center frequency of 4.5GHz; the surface of the UWB antenna is plated with gold and is an omnidirectional antenna, the working frequency band is 3.1-6.5G,3dBi gain, and the emission distance can reach more than 500 meters; the lithium battery adopts a loose 3400mAH lithium battery, 32 lithium batteries are connected in parallel to form a battery pack, the overall capacity reaches 120AH, the single-cell internal resistance is only 40m omega, and the self-discharge uA level is achieved; the protection box adopts accessories above IP66, and adopts additional protective measures of sealant.

10. The device for dynamically measuring the phase distance track of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the display terminal comprises a mobile phone, a computer or a tablet.

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