CN217783479U - Stress redistribution test equipment after hydraulic fracturing - Google Patents
Stress redistribution test equipment after hydraulic fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN217783479U CN217783479U CN202222140162.8U CN202222140162U CN217783479U CN 217783479 U CN217783479 U CN 217783479U CN 202222140162 U CN202222140162 U CN 202222140162U CN 217783479 U CN217783479 U CN 217783479U
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Abstract
A stress redistribution test device after hydraulic fracturing comprises a sample box, a first base, an adhesive injection device, a ground stress simulation loading device, a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, a plurality of field quantity monitoring units and a computer control console, wherein the first base is arranged at the middle bottom of the ground stress simulation loading device, the sample box is fixedly arranged on the first base, the adhesive injection device is connected with the sample box through an adhesive output pipe, the hydraulic fracturing simulation device is arranged on one side of the ground stress simulation loading device, the field quantity monitoring units are respectively arranged on the four side surfaces of the sample box, and the computer control console is respectively in signal connection with the field quantity monitoring units. The utility model discloses can simulate different reservoir lithology combination, different hydraulic fracturing parameters, different ground stress parameter condition under the hydraulic fracturing experiment, can the coupling reachs the stress redistribution law of hydraulic fracturing in-process sample under different conditions, provides the support for hydraulic fracturing technological parameter optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal bed gas exploitation hydraulic fracturing test technical field, specific theory relates to a hydraulic fracturing back stress redistribution test equipment.
Background
The characteristic of low permeability of coal reservoirs in China determines that reservoir reconstruction is needed for developing coal bed gas on the ground. Hydraulic fracturing is one of the reservoir reformation methods commonly used at present. When hydraulic fracturing is carried out to create fractures, the local stress field changes, which may cause stress relief in some areas and stress concentration in some areas. When the stress concentrated parts cannot be fully released in the development of the ground coal bed gas, the phenomenon of local gas sudden release can occur under the action of gas pressure, ground stress and the difference between internal stress and external stress during underground coal mining.
In order to obtain the redistribution state of the stress field after hydraulic fracturing, researchers calculate the stress release amount from the damage angle by simulating the length and the width of a fractured fracture through numerical simulation software, and when a coal reservoir is homogeneous, the simulation result has certain reliability; when the heterogeneity of the coal reservoir is strong, the simulation result and the actual result are often in large scale due to the relatively complex form of the fracture. The fiber grating borehole stress meter method is characterized in that the stress of coal rock mass is dynamically displayed by converting the damaged strain quantity of the coal mass around a borehole into a digital signal, and the method cannot test the ground hydraulic fracturing and only can test the coal rock mass around the borehole. The stress state of a point is tested by adopting an underground strain gage method, the distribution state of a stress field after hydraulic fracturing cannot be obtained, and certain limitation exists on guiding the site fracturing. Particularly, coal seam sections of coal reservoirs in China are usually soft and hard coal interbedded layers, the stress state change of the coal body structure and the coal seam in the transverse direction is large, and the difficulty in accurately identifying the stress distribution state after hydraulic fracturing is increased. How to accurately obtain the stress distribution state after hydraulic fracturing aiming at soft and hard coal with different thickness proportions of coal intervals and different stress states, better guide parameters such as the fracturing scale, well spacing and the like, and provide important support for eliminating stress concentration as much as possible.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a stress redistribution test equipment behind hydraulic fracturing, the utility model discloses can simulate different reservoir lithology combination, different hydraulic fracturing parameters, different ground stress parameter condition under the hydraulic fracturing experiment, can the coupling reachs the stress redistribution law of hydraulic fracturing in-process sample under different conditions, provides the support for hydraulic fracturing technological parameter optimization.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a stress redistribution test device after hydraulic fracturing comprises a sample box, a first base, an adhesive injection device, a ground stress simulation loading device, a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, a plurality of field quantity monitoring units and a computer control console, wherein the field quantity monitoring units are composed of built-in infrared heat energy sensors and acoustic wave sensors, the first base is arranged at the middle bottom of the ground stress simulation loading device, the sample box is fixedly installed on the first base and located in the middle of the ground stress simulation loading device, the adhesive injection device is connected with the sample box through an adhesive output pipe, the hydraulic fracturing simulation device is arranged on one side of the ground stress simulation loading device, all the field quantity monitoring units are respectively installed on four side faces of the sample box, and the computer control console is in signal connection with all the field quantity monitoring units through a signal transmission cable gathering and transmitting device and a signal transmission cable.
Sample box is by left riser, right riser, preceding riser, back riser, lower flat board and upper plate surround and constitute, the upper surface at first base is fixed to lower flat board, a plurality of rows of rock core grooves have evenly been seted up on the upper surface of lower flat board, left riser, right riser, preceding riser, back riser and upper plate equal fixed mounting are on ground stress loading device, penetrating drilling round hole about the middle part of upper plate has been seted up, the left surface four corners department of left riser, the right flank four corners department of right riser, a front flank four corners department of preceding riser and the back flank four corners department of back riser all install a field amount monitoring unit.
The adhesive injection device comprises an adhesive A container, an adhesive B container, a first adhesive constant flow pump, a second adhesive constant flow pump, an adhesive mixing stirring box, a second base, a third adhesive constant flow pump and an adhesive controller, wherein adhesive suction pipes are fixedly connected between the outlet of the adhesive A container and the inlet of the first adhesive constant flow pump and between the outlet of the adhesive B container and the inlet of the second adhesive constant flow pump, two first vertical support plates which are arranged at intervals from left to right are fixedly connected on the second base, the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the adhesive mixing stirring box are rotatably arranged on the two first vertical support plates through a first rotating shaft, a first reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the second base, and a power shaft of the first reducing motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, the top inlet of the adhesive mixing and stirring box is connected with an adhesive input pipe, the other end of the adhesive input pipe is respectively connected with outlets of a first adhesive constant flow pump and a second adhesive constant flow pump through two adhesive transmission pipes, the bottom outlet of the adhesive mixing and stirring box is connected with one end of an adhesive output pipe, the other end of the adhesive output pipe is fixedly connected to an upper flat plate and is communicated with the interior of the sample box, a third adhesive constant flow pump is arranged on the adhesive output pipe, adhesive meters are arranged on the first adhesive constant flow pump and the second adhesive constant flow pump, an adhesive controller is respectively in signal connection with the first adhesive constant flow pump, the second adhesive constant flow pump, the third adhesive constant flow pump and a first speed reducing motor, and a computer control console is in signal connection with the adhesive controller.
The ground stress simulation loading device comprises a left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a front constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump, upper constant-speed constant-pressure pumps and a loading controller, wherein the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly arranged on four sides of a sample box, the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pumps are fixedly arranged right above an upper flat plate through a rack, a left push rod is arranged in the middle of the right side of the left constant-pressure pump, the right end of the left push rod is fixedly connected with the middle of a left vertical plate, a right push rod is arranged in the middle of the left side of the right constant-pressure pump, the left end of the right push rod is fixedly connected with the middle of the right vertical plate, the middle part of the rear side of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with a front push rod, the rear end of the front push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front vertical plate, the middle part of the front side of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with a rear push rod, the front end of the rear push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the rear vertical plate, the periphery of the lower side of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with upper push rods, the lower ends of the four upper push rods are respectively and fixedly connected with the periphery of the upper part of the upper flat plate, the loading controller is respectively in signal connection with the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the right constant-pressure pump, the front constant-pressure pump, the rear constant-pressure pump and the upper constant-pressure pump, and the computer console is in signal connection with the loading controller.
The hydraulic fracturing simulation device comprises a fracturing fluid A container, a fracturing fluid B container, a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box, a third base, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a fracturing fluid pressurizing pump, a drilling rig and a fracturing fluid controller, wherein a fracturing fluid suction pipe is fixedly connected between the outlet of the fracturing fluid A container and the inlet of the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and between the outlet of the fracturing fluid B container and the inlet of the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, two second vertical support plates which are arranged at intervals left and right are fixedly connected on the third base, the middle parts of the left and right sides of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box are rotatably arranged on the two second vertical support plates through a second rotating shaft, a second speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the third base, and a power shaft of the second speed reducing motor is in transmission connection with the second rotating shaft through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, the top inlet of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box is connected with a fracturing fluid input pipe, the other end of the fracturing fluid input pipe is respectively connected with outlets of a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump through two fracturing fluid transmission pipes, a bottom outlet of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box is connected with a fracturing fluid output pipe, a fracturing fluid pressure pump and a drilling rig are respectively detachably and fixedly installed in the middle of the lower side of the upper constant flow pump and are positioned right above a drilling round hole, the other end of the fracturing fluid output pipe is detachably connected with an inlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump, an outlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump is fixedly provided with a fracturing fluid pumping pipe, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump is arranged on the fracturing fluid output pipe, fracturing fluid gauges are respectively arranged on the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, and a fracturing fluid controller is respectively connected with the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the third fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the second fracturing fluid flow gauge, the third fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the fracturing fluid booster pump, the drilling machine and the second speed reducing motor are in signal connection, and the computer console is in signal connection with the fracturing fluid controller.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test method for the stress redistribution after the hydraulic fracturing specifically comprises the following test steps: the method specifically comprises the following testing steps:
assembling the stress redistribution testing equipment after the hydraulic fracturing;
secondly, preparing a sample with a set lithologic combination in the sample box according to the experimental scheme;
drilling holes at the designated positions of the samples through a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, assembling the whole equipment, and detecting the air tightness of the whole equipment;
pressing the sample box through a ground stress loading device, and further loading the sample to a ground stress state;
performing a hydraulic fracturing simulation test on the sample by using a hydraulic fracturing simulation device;
monitoring the process changes of the temperature field and the displacement field in the sample in the ground stress loading process and the hydraulic fracturing simulation process in real time through each field quantity monitoring unit, and calculating and generating a temperature field cloud chart and a displacement field cloud chart through the tested temperature field and displacement field data by a computer console;
and (seventhly), the computer console obtains the stress redistribution rule of the sample in each stage of the experiment through the coupling of the temperature field and the displacement field cloud chart.
The step (II) is specifically as follows: according to the experimental scheme, selecting core unit blocks of a required block, wherein a left vertical plate, a right vertical plate, a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and an upper flat plate are in a separated state initially, a sample box is completely opened, then placing all the core unit blocks on the lower flat plate in the sample box layer by layer according to the experimental scheme, respectively and correspondingly placing all the core unit blocks at the lowest layer into all the core grooves, finally piling all the core unit blocks to form a cubic rock mass structure, then controlling the starting of a left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a front constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump and an upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump through a loading controller, enabling a left push rod of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump to push the left vertical plate to move rightwards, a right push rod of the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump to push the right vertical plate to move leftwards, a front push rod of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump to push the front vertical plate to move downwards, and a rear push rod of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump to move forwards, four upper push rods of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump push an upper flat plate to move downwards, so that a left vertical plate, a right vertical plate, a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and the upper flat plate are respectively contacted with the left side surface, the right side surface, the front side surface, the rear side surface and the upper side surface of a cubic structure to form a sealed sample box, then a first adhesive constant-flow pump and a second adhesive constant-flow pump are respectively controlled to start by an adhesive controller, a certain amount of adhesive A is pumped into an adhesive mixing and stirring box by the first adhesive constant-flow pump from an adhesive A container, a certain amount of adhesive B is pumped into an adhesive mixing and stirring box by the second adhesive constant-flow pump from an adhesive B container, and then a first speed reducing motor is controlled to start, so that the first speed reducing motor drives the adhesive mixing and stirring box to swing in a reciprocating manner, and further the adhesive A and the adhesive B in the adhesive mixing and stirring box are fully mixed and stirred, and after the rock core unit blocks are uniformly mixed, controlling a third cement constant flow pump to inject cement in a cement mixing stirring box into the sample box through a cement output pipe according to a certain pressure, so that the interfaces among the rock core unit blocks are filled with the cement, standing for a corresponding time according to the properties of the cement, and bonding the rock core unit blocks into a whole to form a sample with a set lithologic combination.
The step (III) is specifically as follows: installing a drilling rig in the middle of the lower side of an upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump, controlling the drilling rig to start through a fracturing fluid controller, enabling the drilling rig to drill holes in a specified position of a sample, simulating a field hydraulic fracturing shaft, then taking down the drilling rig, installing a fracturing fluid pressure pump in the middle of the lower side of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump, correspondingly inserting a fracturing fluid pumping pipe into the drilled holes in the sample, then connecting each pipeline and each line, and detecting the air tightness of the whole device;
the step (IV) is specifically as follows: the loading mode and the loading stress value state of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump are set through adjustment of a loading controller, the loading mode is divided into a constant-pressure mode and a constant-displacement mode, a left push rod of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump pushes a left vertical plate to move rightwards, a right push rod of the right constant-pressure pump pushes a front vertical plate to move downwards, a rear push rod of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump pushes a rear vertical plate to move forwards, four upper push rods of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump push an upper flat plate to move downwards, the left vertical plate, the right vertical plate, the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the upper flat plate respectively apply pressure to corresponding side faces of a sample, and further achieve the application of triaxial stress to the sample until the loading to the ground stress state set by an experiment, and the loading controller records the applied ground stress parameter and transmits the ground stress parameter to a computer control console.
The step (V) is specifically as follows: according to the experimental scheme, a fracturing fluid controller is used for respectively controlling a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump to be started, the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump is used for pumping a certain amount of fracturing fluid A into a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box from a fracturing fluid A container, meanwhile, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump is used for pumping a certain amount of fracturing fluid B into a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box from a fracturing fluid B container, a second speed reducing motor is controlled to be started, the second speed reducing motor drives the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box to swing in a reciprocating mode, so that the fracturing fluid A and the fracturing fluid A in the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box are uniformly mixed and stirred to generate fracturing fluids containing different proportions of propping agents, a front fluid, a sand carrying fluid and a displacement fluid in a hydraulic fracturing process are simulated, the purpose of fracturing is achieved, and then a pumping mode of a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump and a fracturing fluid pressurizing pump is set through the fracturing fluid controller: the constant pressure, the constant pumping power or the constant pumping flow rate enable the mixed fracturing fluid to enter a drill hole in a sample through a fracturing fluid pumping pipe, and then hydraulic fracturing simulation of the sample is achieved.
The step (six) is specifically as follows: infrared heat sensors and acoustic wave sensors arranged in each field quantity monitoring unit monitor the temperature and acoustic wave signals of each point in the sample in real time, measured temperature and acoustic wave signal transmission cable gathering and transmitting devices and signal transmission cables are transmitted to a computer control console, and a field quantity computing system arranged in the computer control console computes and generates a temperature field and a displacement field cloud chart;
the step (VII) is specifically as follows: a field quantity calculation system arranged in the computer console couples lithology combination, hydraulic fracturing parameters and stress course change cloud pictures of the sample under the conditions of the ground stress parameters, namely a stress redistribution rule, set by the experimental scheme in each stage of the experiment through the temperature field cloud pictures and the displacement field cloud pictures and by combining with experimental setting, so as to provide support for optimizing the hydraulic fracturing process parameters;
the hydraulic fracturing experiment under the conditions of different reservoir lithology combinations, different hydraulic fracturing parameters and different stress parameters can be simulated by changing the lithology combinations, the hydraulic fracturing parameters and the ground stress parameters of the samples.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
(1) The utility model discloses can simulate different reservoir lithology combination, different hydraulic fracturing parameter, different ground stress parameter condition under the hydraulic fracturing experiment.
(2) The utility model discloses a sample is used for simulating the rock mass that awaits measuring, then tests through the temperature field and the displacement field to fracturing in-process each stage sample to sample temperature field and displacement field change law in each stage to the fracturing carry out the analysis, alright carry out objective evaluation to the transformation effect of rock mass under the different fracturing stages.
(3) The utility model discloses a built-in field size computing system of computer control cabinet (this is conventional technique) sets for through temperature field and displacement field cloud picture and combination experiment, but the coupling reachs the lithology combination that experiment each stage in-process experimental scheme set for, hydraulic fracturing parameter, the stress redistribution law of sample under the ground stress parameter condition, provides the support for hydraulic fracturing technological parameter optimization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the sample tank and the cement injection device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of the sample box and the ground stress simulation loading device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic fracturing simulator of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a hydraulic fracturing post-stress redistribution testing apparatus includes a sample box, a first base 3, an adhesive injection device, an crustal stress simulation loading device, a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, a plurality of field monitoring units 1 and a computer control console 2, wherein the field monitoring units 1 are composed of built-in infrared thermal energy sensors and acoustic wave sensors, the first base 3 is arranged at the middle bottom of the crustal stress simulation loading device, the sample box is fixedly mounted on the first base 3 and located at the middle of the crustal stress simulation loading device, the adhesive injection device is connected with the sample box through an adhesive output pipe 27, the hydraulic fracturing simulation device is arranged at one side of the crustal stress simulation loading device, each field monitoring unit 1 is respectively mounted on four sides of the sample box, and the computer control console 2 is respectively connected with each field monitoring unit 1 through a signal transmission cable collector 4 and a signal transmission cable 5.
Sample case is by left riser 6, right riser 7, preceding riser 8, back riser 9, dull and stereotyped 10 and the dull and stereotyped 11 surrounds and constitutes down, lower dull and stereotyped 10 is fixed at the upper surface of first base 3, evenly seted up a plurality of rows of rock core grooves 12 on the upper surface of lower dull and stereotyped 10, left riser 6, right riser 7, preceding riser 8, back riser 9 and last dull and stereotyped 11 equal fixed mounting are on ground stress loading device, penetrating drilling round hole 13 from top to bottom has been seted up at the middle part of last dull and stereotyped 11, left side four corners department of left riser 6, right side four corners department of right riser 7, a field volume monitoring unit 1 is all installed to preceding side four corners department of preceding riser 8 and the back side four corners department of back riser 9.
The glue injection device comprises a glue A container 14, a glue B container 15, a first glue constant flow pump 16, a second glue constant flow pump 17, a glue mixing and stirring box 18, a second base 19, a third glue constant flow pump 20 and a glue controller 21, a cement suction pipe 22 is fixedly connected between an outlet of the cement A container 14 and an inlet of the first cement constant flow pump 16, and between an outlet of the cement B container 15 and an inlet of the second cement constant flow pump 17, two first vertical support plates 23 which are arranged at intervals left and right are fixedly connected on the second base 19, middle parts of left and right sides of the cement mixing stirring box 18 are rotatably mounted on the two first vertical support plates 23 through a first rotating shaft 24, a first speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the second base 19, a power shaft of the first speed reducing motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft 24 through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, an inlet at the top of the cement mixing stirring box 18 is connected with a cement input pipe 25, the other end of the cement input pipe 25 is respectively connected with outlets of the first cement constant flow pump 16 and the second cement constant flow pump 17 through two cement transmission pipes 26, a bottom outlet of the cement mixing stirring box 18 is connected with one end of a cement output pipe 27, the other end of the cement output pipe 27 is fixedly connected to the upper flat plate 11 and is communicated with the inside of the sample box, a third cement output pipe 27, the constant flow pump 16 and the second cement constant flow pump 17 are respectively provided with the constant flow pump, a signal controller 21 and a signal controller 21 are respectively connected with the second cement constant flow pump 17, and a second cement constant flow pump 17.
The ground stress simulation loading device comprises a left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, a right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, a front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31, a rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32, an upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 and a loading controller 34, wherein the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31 and the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly arranged on four sides of a sample box, the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 is fixedly arranged right above an upper flat plate 11 through a rack, a left push rod 35 is arranged in the middle of the right side of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, the right end of the left push rod 35 is fixedly connected with the middle of a left vertical plate 6, a right push rod 36 is arranged in the middle of the left side of the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, the left end of the right push rod 36 is fixedly connected with the middle of a right vertical plate 7, the middle part of the rear side of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31 is provided with a front push rod 37, the rear end of the front push rod 37 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front vertical plate 8, the middle part of the front side of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 is provided with a rear push rod (not shown), the front end of the rear push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the rear vertical plate 9, the periphery of the lower side of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 is provided with upper push rods 38, the lower ends of the four upper push rods 38 are respectively and fixedly connected with the periphery of the upper part of the upper flat plate 11, the loading controller 34 is respectively in signal connection with the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, the right constant-pressure pump 30, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31, the rear constant-pressure pump 32 and the upper constant-pressure pump 33, and the computer console 2 is in signal connection with the loading controller 34.
The hydraulic fracturing simulation device comprises a fracturing fluid A container 39, a fracturing fluid B container 40, a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41, a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42, a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43, a third base 44, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump 45, a fracturing fluid pressure pump 46, a drilling rig 47 and a fracturing fluid controller 48, wherein a fracturing fluid suction pipe 49 is fixedly connected between an outlet of the fracturing fluid A container 39 and an inlet of the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41 and between an outlet of the fracturing fluid B container 40 and an inlet of the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42, two second vertical support plates 50 which are arranged at left and right intervals are fixedly connected on the third base 44, the middle parts of the left and right sides of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43 are rotatably installed on the two second vertical support plates 50 through a second rotating shaft 51, a second speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the third base 44, a power shaft of the second speed reducing motor is in transmission connection with the second rotating shaft 51 through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, a fracturing fluid input pipe 52 is connected to an inlet at the top of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43, the other end of the fracturing fluid input pipe 52 is respectively connected with outlets of a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41 and a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42 through two fracturing fluid transmission pipes 53, a fracturing fluid output pipe 54 is connected to an outlet at the bottom of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43, a fracturing fluid pressure pump 46 and a drilling rig 47 are respectively detachably and fixedly installed in the middle of the lower side of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 and are positioned right above the drilling circular hole 13, the other end of the fracturing fluid output pipe 54 is detachably connected with an inlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump 46, an outlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump 46 is fixedly provided with a fracturing fluid pumping pipe 55, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump 45 is arranged on the fracturing fluid output pipe 54, and fracturing fluid meters 56 are respectively arranged on the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41 and the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42, the fracturing fluid controller 48 is respectively in signal connection with the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42, the third fracturing fluid constant flow pump 45, the fracturing fluid pressure pump 46, the drilling rig 47 and the second speed reducing motor, and the computer control console 2 is in signal connection with the fracturing fluid controller 48.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test method for the stress redistribution after the hydraulic fracturing specifically comprises the following test steps: the method specifically comprises the following testing steps:
assembling the stress redistribution test equipment after the hydraulic fracturing;
secondly, preparing a sample with a set lithologic combination in the sample box according to the experimental scheme;
drilling holes at the designated positions of the samples through a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, assembling the whole equipment, and detecting the air tightness of the whole equipment;
pressing the sample box through an earth stress loading device, and further loading the sample to an earth stress state;
performing a hydraulic fracturing simulation test on the sample by using a hydraulic fracturing simulation device;
monitoring the process changes of the temperature field and the displacement field in the sample in the ground stress loading process and the hydraulic fracturing simulation process in real time through each field quantity monitoring unit 1, and calculating and generating a temperature field cloud picture and a displacement field cloud picture by the computer control console 2 through the tested data of the temperature field and the displacement field;
and (seventhly), the computer console 2 obtains the stress redistribution rule of the sample in each stage of the experiment through the coupling of the temperature field and the displacement field cloud pictures.
The step (II) is specifically as follows: according to the experimental scheme, a core unit block 57 of a required block is selected, a left vertical plate 6, a right vertical plate 7, a front vertical plate 8, a rear vertical plate 9 and an upper flat plate 11 are in a separated state initially, a sample box is completely opened, then the core unit blocks 57 are placed on a lower flat plate 10 in the sample box layer by layer according to the experimental scheme, the core unit blocks 57 at the lowest layer are respectively and correspondingly placed in the core grooves 12, finally the core unit blocks 57 are stacked into a cubic rock mass structure, then a left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, a right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, a front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31, a rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 and an upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 are controlled to be started through a loading controller 34, a left push rod 35 of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29 pushes the left vertical plate 6 to move rightwards, a right push rod 36 of the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30 pushes the right vertical plate 7 to move leftwards, a front push rod 37 of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31 pushes a front vertical plate 8 to move downwards, a rear push rod of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 pushes a rear vertical plate 9 to move forwards, four upper push rods 38 of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 push an upper flat plate 11 to move downwards, so that a left vertical plate 6, a right vertical plate 7, the front vertical plate 8, the rear vertical plate 9 and the upper flat plate 11 are respectively contacted with a left side surface, a right side surface, a front side surface, a rear side surface and an upper side surface of a cubic structure and enclose a closed sample box, then a first adhesive constant-flow pump 16 and a second adhesive constant-flow pump 17 are respectively controlled to be started by an adhesive controller 21, the first adhesive constant-flow pump 16 pumps a certain amount of adhesive A into an adhesive mixing and stirring box 18 from an adhesive A container 14, and the second adhesive constant-flow pump 17 pumps a certain amount of adhesive B into an adhesive mixing and stirring box 18 from an adhesive B container 15, and controlling the first speed reducing motor to start, driving the adhesive mixing and stirring box 18 to swing back and forth by the first speed reducing motor, further fully mixing and stirring the adhesive A and the adhesive B in the adhesive mixing and stirring box 18, after uniform mixing, controlling the third adhesive constant flow pump 20 to inject the adhesive in the adhesive mixing and stirring box 18 into the sample box through the adhesive output pipe 27 according to a certain pressure, filling the adhesive into the interface between the core unit blocks 57, standing for a corresponding time according to the adhesive property, and bonding the core unit blocks 57 into a whole to form a sample with a set lithological combination.
The step (III) is specifically as follows: installing a drilling rig 47 in the middle of the lower side of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33, controlling the drilling rig 47 to start through a fracturing fluid controller 48, enabling the drilling rig 47 to drill at a specified position of a sample, simulating a field hydraulic fracturing well shaft, then taking down the drilling rig 47, installing a fracturing fluid pressure pump 46 in the middle of the lower side of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33, correspondingly inserting a fracturing fluid pumping pipe 55 into a drilled hole in the sample, then connecting each pipeline and circuit, and detecting the air tightness of the whole device;
the step (IV) is specifically as follows: the loading modes and the loading stress value states of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31, the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 and the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33 are set through the loading controller 34 in an adjusting mode, the loading modes are divided into a constant pressure mode and a constant displacement mode, a left push rod 35 of the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29 pushes the left vertical plate 6 to move rightwards, a right push rod 36 of the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30 pushes the right vertical plate 7 to move leftwards, a front push rod 37 of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31 pushes the front vertical plate 8 to move downwards, a rear push rod of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32 pushes the rear vertical plate 9 to move forwards, four upper push rods 38 of the upper constant-pressure pump 33 push the upper flat plate 11 to move downwards, and the left vertical plate 6, the right vertical plate 7, the front vertical plate 8, the rear vertical plate 9 and the upper flat plate 11 respectively apply pressure to corresponding side faces of the sample, so that triaxial stress is applied to the sample until the loading state set for the sample is loaded, and the loading stress set by the loading controller 34 records the applied ground stress and transmits the applied parameter to the computer control platform 2.
The step (V) is specifically as follows: according to the experimental scheme, a fracturing fluid controller 48 is used for respectively controlling a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41 and a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42 to be started, the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41 is used for pumping a certain amount of fracturing fluid A into a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43 from a fracturing fluid A container 39, meanwhile, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42 is used for pumping a certain amount of fracturing fluid B into the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43 from a fracturing fluid B container 40, a second speed reducing motor is controlled to be started, the second speed reducing motor drives the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43 to swing in a reciprocating mode, the fracturing fluid A and the fracturing fluid A in the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box 43 are mixed and stirred uniformly to generate fracturing fluids containing different proportions of propping agents, a front fluid, a sand-carrying fluid and a displacement fluid in a hydraulic fracturing process are simulated to achieve the purpose of fracturing, and then a pumping mode of a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump 45 and a fracturing fluid pressurizing pump 46 is set through the fracturing fluid controller 48: the constant pressure, the constant pumping power or the constant pumping flow rate enable the mixed fracturing fluid to enter the drilled holes in the sample through the fracturing fluid pumping pipe 55, and then hydraulic fracturing simulation of the sample is achieved, and in the hydraulic fracturing simulation process, the fracturing fluid controller 48 monitors and records hydraulic fracturing parameters of the fracturing fluid properties, pipeline pressure and pumping rate in real time and transmits the hydraulic fracturing parameters to the computer console 2.
The step (six) is specifically as follows: the infrared heat sensors and the acoustic wave sensors arranged in the field quantity monitoring units 1 monitor the temperature and the acoustic wave signals of each point in the sample in real time, the measured temperature and acoustic wave signal transmission cable gathering and transmitting devices 4 and the signal transmission cables 5 are transmitted to the computer control console 2, and a field quantity computing system arranged in the computer control console 2 computes and generates a temperature field and a displacement field nephogram;
the step (VII) is specifically as follows: a field quantity calculation system (conventional technology) arranged in the computer control console 2 is coupled through temperature field and displacement field cloud pictures and combined with experiment setting to obtain lithology combinations set by experiment schemes in the experiment processes at all stages, hydraulic fracturing parameters and stress course change cloud pictures of samples under the conditions of crustal stress parameters, namely stress redistribution rules, so that support is provided for hydraulic fracturing process parameter optimization;
the hydraulic fracturing experiment under the conditions of different reservoir lithology combinations, different hydraulic fracturing parameters and different stress parameters can be simulated by changing the lithology combinations, the hydraulic fracturing parameters and the ground stress parameters of the samples.
The infrared heat energy sensor, the acoustic wave sensor, the first gear motor, the belt transmission mechanism or the chain transmission mechanism and the second gear motor are not shown in the figure. The infrared heat energy sensor, the sound wave sensor, the computer console 2, the adhesive controller 21, the first adhesive constant flow pump 16, the second adhesive constant flow pump 17, the third adhesive constant flow pump 20, the adhesive controller 21, the first reducing motor, the belt transmission mechanism or the chain transmission mechanism, the second reducing motor, the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump 29, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump 30, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump 31, the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump 32, the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump 33, the loading controller 34, the fracturing fluid controller 48, the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump 41, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump 42, the third fracturing fluid constant flow pump 45, the fracturing fluid pressurizing pump 46 and the drilling rig 47 are conventional technologies, specific construction and working principle are not repeated, the control technology in the utility model is a conventional technology, and a new computer program is not involved. Specifically, the following are mentioned: the field quantity calculation system built in the computer console 2 is an existing calculation system in the field and does not include a new program.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
(1) The utility model discloses can simulate different reservoir lithology combination, different hydraulic fracturing parameter, different ground stress parameter condition under the hydraulic fracturing experiment.
(2) The utility model discloses a sample is used for simulating the rock mass that awaits measuring, then tests through the temperature field and the displacement field to fracturing in-process each stage sample to sample temperature field and displacement field change law in each stage to the fracturing carry out the analysis, alright carry out objective evaluation to the transformation effect of rock mass under the different fracturing stages.
(3) The utility model discloses a 2 built-in field size computing system of computer control cabinet pass through temperature field and displacement field cloud picture and combine the experiment to set for, but the coupling reachs the lithology combination, hydraulic fracturing parameter, the stress redistribution law of sample under the ground stress parameter condition that experiment each stage in-process experimental scheme set for, provides the support for hydraulic fracturing technological parameter optimization.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only used for illustration and not for limitation of the technical solutions of the present invention; the present invention may be modified or substituted with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be construed as being limited only by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a stress redistribution test equipment behind hydraulic fracturing which characterized in that: the device comprises a sample box, a first base, an adhesive injection device, a ground stress simulation loading device, a hydraulic fracturing simulation device, a plurality of field quantity monitoring units and a computer control console, wherein the field quantity monitoring units are composed of built-in infrared heat energy sensors and acoustic wave sensors, the first base is arranged at the middle bottom of the ground stress simulation loading device, the sample box is fixedly arranged on the first base and is positioned in the middle of the ground stress simulation loading device, the adhesive injection device is connected with the sample box through an adhesive output tube, the hydraulic fracturing simulation device is arranged on one side of the ground stress simulation loading device, each field quantity monitoring unit is respectively arranged on the four side faces of the sample box, and the computer control console is in signal connection with each field quantity monitoring unit through a signal transmission cable gathering and transmitting device and a signal transmission cable.
2. The post-hydraulic fracturing stress redistribution test equipment of claim 1, wherein: sample case is by left riser, right riser, preceding riser, back riser, lower flat board and upper plate surround and constitute, the upper surface at first base is fixed to lower flat board, evenly seted up a plurality of rows of rock core grooves on the upper surface of lower flat board, left riser, right riser, preceding riser, back riser and upper plate are all fixed mounting on ground stress loading device, penetrating drilling round hole about the middle part of upper plate has been seted up, the left surface four corners department of left riser, the right surface four corners department of right riser, a preceding side four corners department of preceding riser and the back surface four corners department of back riser all install a field volume monitoring unit.
3. The post-hydraulic fracturing stress redistribution test apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the adhesive injection device comprises an adhesive A container, an adhesive B container, a first adhesive constant flow pump, a second adhesive constant flow pump, an adhesive mixing and stirring box, a second base, a third adhesive constant flow pump and an adhesive controller, wherein adhesive suction pipes are fixedly connected between the outlet of the adhesive A container and the inlet of the first adhesive constant flow pump and between the outlet of the adhesive B container and the inlet of the second adhesive constant flow pump, two first vertical support plates which are arranged at intervals left and right are fixedly connected on the second base, the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the adhesive mixing and stirring box are rotatably arranged on the two first vertical support plates through a first rotating shaft, a first speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the second base, a power shaft of the first speed reducing motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, the top inlet of the adhesive mixing and stirring box is connected with an adhesive input pipe, the other end of the adhesive input pipe is respectively connected with outlets of a first adhesive constant flow pump and a second adhesive constant flow pump through two adhesive transmission pipes, the bottom outlet of the adhesive mixing and stirring box is connected with one end of an adhesive output pipe, the other end of the adhesive output pipe is fixedly connected to an upper flat plate and is communicated with the interior of the sample box, a third adhesive constant flow pump is arranged on the adhesive output pipe, adhesive meters are arranged on the first adhesive constant flow pump and the second adhesive constant flow pump, an adhesive controller is respectively in signal connection with the first adhesive constant flow pump, the second adhesive constant flow pump, the third adhesive constant flow pump and a first speed reducing motor, and a computer control console is in signal connection with the adhesive controller.
4. The post-hydraulic fracturing stress redistribution test equipment of claim 2, wherein: the ground stress simulation loading device comprises a left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a front constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump, upper constant-speed constant-pressure pumps and a loading controller, wherein the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the right constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly arranged on four sides of a sample box, the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pumps are fixedly arranged right above an upper flat plate through a rack, a left push rod is arranged in the middle of the right side of the left constant-pressure pump, the right end of the left push rod is fixedly connected with the middle of a left vertical plate, a right push rod is arranged in the middle of the left side of the right constant-pressure pump, the left end of the right push rod is fixedly connected with the middle of the right vertical plate, the middle part of the rear side of the front constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with a front push rod, the rear end of the front push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front vertical plate, the middle part of the front side of the rear constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with a rear push rod, the front end of the rear push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the rear vertical plate, the periphery of the lower side of the upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump is provided with upper push rods, the lower ends of the four upper push rods are respectively and fixedly connected with the periphery of the upper part of the upper flat plate, the loading controller is respectively in signal connection with the left constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the right constant-pressure pump, the front constant-pressure pump, the rear constant-pressure pump and the upper constant-pressure pump, and the computer console is in signal connection with the loading controller.
5. The post-hydraulic fracturing stress redistribution test equipment of claim 2, wherein: the hydraulic fracturing simulation device comprises a fracturing fluid A container, a fracturing fluid B container, a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box, a third base, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump, a fracturing fluid pressure pump, a drilling rig and a fracturing fluid controller, wherein a fracturing fluid suction pipe is fixedly connected between an outlet of the fracturing fluid A container and an inlet of the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and between an outlet of the fracturing fluid B container and an inlet of the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, two second vertical support plates which are arranged at intervals left and right are fixedly connected on the third base, middle parts of the left side and the right side of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box are rotatably arranged on the two second vertical support plates through a second rotating shaft, a second speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the third base, and a power shaft of the second speed reducing motor is in transmission connection with the second rotating shaft through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism, the top inlet of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box is connected with a fracturing fluid input pipe, the other end of the fracturing fluid input pipe is respectively connected with outlets of a first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and a second fracturing fluid constant flow pump through two fracturing fluid transmission pipes, a bottom outlet of the fracturing fluid mixing and stirring box is connected with a fracturing fluid output pipe, a fracturing fluid pressure pump and a drilling rig are respectively detachably and fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower side of an upper constant-speed constant-pressure pump and are positioned right above a drilling round hole, the other end of the fracturing fluid output pipe is detachably connected with an inlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump, an outlet of the fracturing fluid pressure pump is fixedly provided with a fracturing fluid pumping pipe, a third fracturing fluid constant flow pump is arranged on the fracturing fluid output pipe, fracturing fluid gauges are respectively arranged on the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump and the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump, and a fracturing fluid controller is respectively connected with the first fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the second fracturing fluid constant flow pump and a fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the third fracturing fluid constant flow pump, the fracturing fluid booster pump, the drilling machine and the second speed reducing motor are in signal connection, and the computer console is in signal connection with the fracturing fluid controller.
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| CN202222140162.8U CN217783479U (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2022-08-15 | Stress redistribution test equipment after hydraulic fracturing |
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