CN217730257U

CN217730257U - Locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN217730257U
Application number: CN202221391581.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-30
Filing date: 2022-05-30
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile, it is used for wrapping the locking with the battery on electric automobile's battery package bracket, and locking mechanism includes drive assembly and locking subassembly, and locking subassembly and drive assembly transmission are connected, and drive assembly drives the relative battery package of locking subassembly and carries out unblock or locking when being used for external equipment lifting or placing the battery package. Locking or unblock that locking mechanism can be realized to external equipment through shifting battery package need not to set up extra driving source at the car end, has easily realized the installation locking to the battery package, and under the condition that satisfies electric automobile and use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to electric automobile to trade the using widely of electricity fast. Simultaneously, transmission assembly utilizes and is carried out the lift by external equipment to the battery package or place the lift force that applys, through transmitting the lift force to the locking subassembly for the relative battery package of locking subassembly unlocks or the locking.

Description

Locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a vehicle trades the electric field, in particular to locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile.

Background

With the attention on environmental protection, the pure electric heavy truck as a new energy automobile product is promoted by the government and has been popularized in the market for many years, which represents the development direction of the automobile industry in the future. However, under the influence of battery technology, the energy density of the battery pack cannot be too high, so that the heavy truck has long charging time and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is short; to solve this pain point, the technique of replacing the battery should be operated.

At present, a locking mechanism of a quick-change battery pack is very large, the battery pack is too large for a small battery with a heavy truck, the quick-change battery pack is not practical, and the existing quick-change battery pack locking mechanism is high in cost and not beneficial to popularization of battery replacement with the heavy truck. Therefore, a novel quick-change battery and a locking device are needed to solve the problems that a locking mechanism of a heavy-duty quick-change battery pack is too large to meet the requirements of use and too high cost.

The existing locking mechanism and device usually need to be provided with a driving source such as an air cylinder or an electric push rod at the end of a vehicle, and the locking mechanism is driven by the reciprocating motion of the air cylinder or the electric push rod to achieve the purpose of locking or unlocking, the locking structure is complex, the design burden and cost of a host factory are indirectly or directly increased, and the locking mechanism cannot be manually unlocked under the condition of failure during use.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to set up extra driving source in order to overcome among the prior art need in the car end, lead to the locking structure complicated, the higher defect of cost provides a locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem through following technical scheme:

a locking mechanism is used for locking a battery pack on a battery pack bracket of an electric automobile and comprises a transmission assembly and a locking assembly, wherein the locking assembly is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used for driving the locking assembly to unlock or lock the battery pack relative to the battery pack when an external device lifts or places the battery pack.

In the scheme, the locking or unlocking of the locking mechanism can be realized through external equipment for transferring the battery pack, and an additional driving source is not required to be arranged at the vehicle end. Locking mechanism carries out the locking through the battery package bracket of locking subassembly relative electric automobile to the battery package, has easily realized the installation locking to the battery package, and under the condition that satisfies electric automobile and use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to electric automobile to trade the using widely of electricity fast. Meanwhile, the transmission assembly lifts or places the applied lifting force on the battery pack by using the external equipment, and the lifting force is transmitted to the locking assembly, so that the locking assembly is stably and firmly unlocked or locked relative to the battery pack.

Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a traction member, the traction member is connected with the locking assembly, the traction member is used for driving the locking assembly to be locked or unlocked under the action of the external device, the traction end of the traction member moves along a second direction under the action of the external device and drives the locking assembly to move along a first direction, and the first direction is the same as or different from the second direction.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting for the position that external equipment acted on drive assembly and locking subassembly carry out the locking and the position of unblock can keep away from relatively, so that rationally plan the overall arrangement of locking mechanism on battery package or battery package bracket, connect more orderly in order with the inside cooperation of assurance battery package.

Preferably, the transmission assembly further comprises a pushing and pulling member, the pushing and pulling member is arranged at the traction end of the traction member, and the pushing and pulling member is used for driving the traction member to move under the action of external equipment.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, utilize external equipment to act on the mode drive that pushes away the pulling part and pull the end and remove, can be so that the battery package more reliable, accurate with going up and down.

Preferably, the push-pull piece is provided with a horizontal end face, and the external equipment can be attached to the horizontal end face of the push-pull piece and drive the push-pull piece to move;

and/or the locking mechanism further comprises a guide piece, and the guide piece is used for guiding the push-pull piece;

and/or the locking mechanism further comprises a limit stop, and the limit stop is used for accommodating the push-pull piece and limiting the displacement of the push-pull piece.

In the scheme, the horizontal end face is arranged on the push-pull piece, so that the push-pull piece can be driven by external equipment to move reliably; adopt this guide structure setting, can ensure to push away and draw the piece and can follow predetermined direction and carry out stable the removal, avoided external equipment to act on through limit stop and push away and draw the piece and lead to pushing away and drawing an excessive movement, damage drive assembly and locking subassembly.

Preferably, the guide member is provided with a through hole, and the push-pull member movably penetrates through the through hole.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, utilize the through-hole on the guide, realize the location to the lifter to accuracy when the direction of improvement push-and-pull piece along the through-hole goes up and down.

Preferably, the guide is a slider or a slide rail.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, can improve the reliability that the guide was led.

Preferably, the lower surface of the limit stop forms a force application surface for the external device to lift the battery pack, and the push-pull member protrudes out of the lower surface of the limit stop and can be driven by the external device to move until the external device contacts with the lower surface of the limit stop.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, can realize locking mechanism's locking or unblock through the external equipment that shifts the battery package, utilize limit stop to form the application of force point that supplies external equipment lifting battery package, can make like this to push away the pulling member and can utilize the application of force production removal of external equipment to the battery package, can make the flexibility that external equipment drove the battery package higher. Simultaneously, for locking mechanism's structure integrated level is high, simple structure.

Preferably, the transmission assembly further comprises a steering member, the steering member is arranged at an included angle between the first direction and the second direction, and the steering member is used for changing the transmission direction of the traction member; the steering part comprises a pulley, the traction part comprises a traction rope, the traction rope is wound on the rolling surface of the pulley,

or the steering piece comprises a steering gear, one end of the steering gear is connected with the traction piece, and the other end of the steering gear is connected with the locking assembly.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting of steering part, realized the change of transmission assembly transmission direction to more do benefit to the overall arrangement of locking mechanism on battery package or battery package bracket, simultaneously, with the contained angle department of transmission assembly setting in first direction and second direction, do not receive the restriction of external force or position, strengthened the flexibility and the diversities of steering part change direction. Simultaneously, adopt the haulage rope can improve the flexibility of transmission and change direction between drive assembly and the locking subassembly better, and carry out the transmission through the pulling of haulage rope, be convenient for more drive the locking subassembly and carry out the unblock, realize turning to of haulage rope through the pulley, can diversely change the transmission direction of haulage rope, reinforcing drive assembly and locking subassembly set up the flexibility in ground. The steering gear is adopted to realize the transmission at multi-azimuth angles, and the structure is simple and reliable. Preferably, the locking subassembly is used for locking or unblock with the cooperation of lock connecting piece, the locking subassembly set up in on the battery package, the lock connecting piece set up in on the battery package bracket, the locking subassembly includes the round pin axle, the drive assembly connects the round pin axle, the drive assembly drive the round pin axle unblock or locking with the lock connecting piece.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, utilize the mode that the round pin axle penetrated the pinhole to realize the locking, the locking is firm, and the reliability is high to the locking of adaptation in heavily blocking the battery package.

Preferably, the lock connecting piece is provided with a pin hole for the pin shaft to penetrate through, the pin shaft is matched with the pin hole in shape, and the pin shaft is used for being inserted into the pin hole when the battery pack is placed relative to the battery pack bracket.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, locking mechanism carries out locking and unblock through the pinhole of round pin axle on locking the connecting piece relatively with the plug mode to light installation locking to the battery package of having realized, satisfying under the condition that electric automobile used, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to electric automobile to trade the using widely fast.

Preferably, the locking assembly further includes a first end plate, the first end plate is provided with a first pin through hole for accommodating the pin, and the pin can shuttle to the first end plate through the first pin through hole.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, through the position of first end plate locating pin axle, guaranteed that the relative pinhole of round pin axle carries out locking and unblock more reliably.

Preferably, the locking subassembly still includes the second end plate, the second end plate is the C type, be equipped with second round pin axle through-hole on the second end plate, second round pin axle through-hole supplies the round pin axle inserts.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, further the position of locating pin axle through the second end plate, can ensure the reliability of round pin axle locking and the firm degree of locking.

Preferably, when the battery pack is locked with respect to the battery pack bracket, the second end plate is fitted over the lock connecting member, and the pin shaft is inserted into the second pin shaft through hole in the second end plate and the pin hole in the lock connecting member at the same time.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, utilize the second end plate to realize locking connecting piece and round pin axle's location simultaneously, guaranteed the accurate location when battery package relative battery package bracket is put.

Preferably, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the pin shaft.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, strengthen fixedly to the round pin axle, prevent that the brute force from dragging and damaging the fixed plate for locking mechanism is more firm reliable.

Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises a return spring, and the return spring is sleeved on the pin shaft and is arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, reset spring is used for carrying out concertina movement to the round pin axle, can drive the round pin axle motion through reset spring and realize that the round pin axle gets into the second round pin axle through-hole on the second end plate and realize automatic locking.

Preferably, the head of the pin shaft is provided with a circular boss, and the diameter of the circular boss is larger than that of the return spring.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, avoided the round pin axle to break away from reset spring under reset spring's effect, the round boss has realized the spacing fixed to reset spring.

A battery pack comprises the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is arranged on a battery pack frame of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, can easily realize the installation locking to the relative battery package bracket of battery package.

Preferably, a guide groove is formed in the battery pack frame, and the transmission assembly is partially arranged in the guide groove in a penetrating mode and is arranged outside the battery pack frame.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, alright in order to provide the route of removal for drive assembly through the direction and the length of setting for good guide way, limited drive assembly's moving direction, external equipment alright with remove in the guide way through drive assembly and realize driving the battery package and carry out locking and unblock through locking mechanism to battery package bracket.

Preferably, the locking mechanisms are distributed at least on two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, arrange locking mechanism at the four corners edge of the bottom of battery package frame, can carry out the locking more steadily.

An electric vehicle comprises the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, heavily block to trade electric locking mechanism fast through at battery package locking mechanism all around, easily realized heavily the installation locking of calorie quick change battery package, satisfying under the condition that heavily blocks the use, the structure is light and handy, low cost is favorable to heavily blocking the use of trading the electricity fast.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

in this locking mechanism, battery package and electric automobile, can realize locking or unblock of locking mechanism through the external equipment that shifts the battery package, need not to set up extra driving source in the car end. The locking mechanism locks the battery pack relative to a battery pack bracket of the electric automobile through the locking assembly, so that the battery pack is easily installed and locked, and the battery pack is light in structure, low in cost and beneficial to popularization and use of quick battery replacement of the electric automobile under the condition that the use requirement of the electric automobile is met; simultaneously, transmission assembly utilizes and is carried out the lift by external equipment to the battery package or place the lift force that applys, through transmitting the lift force to the locking subassembly for the relative battery package of locking subassembly unlocks or the locking.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pin shaft according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic partial structural view of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an external device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention before it is applied to a battery pack frame.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an external device acting on a battery pack frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partial structural front view of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the traction end of the traction member according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a guide groove and a push-pull member on a battery pack frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a second end plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack bracket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 11 at B.

Fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a locking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a block flow diagram of an unlocking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

battery pack 100

Battery pack frame 11

Side member 11a

Bottom cross member 11b

Guide groove 111

Battery pack bracket 200

Lock attachment 21

Pin hole 211

Locking mechanism 300

Transmission assembly 31

Traction piece 311

Traction end 3111

Hauling rope 3112

Push-pull member 312

Horizontal end surface 3121

Guide 313

Through hole 3131

Bump stopper 314

Steering member 315

Lifting rod 316

Locking assembly 32

Pin 321

Round boss 3211

First end plate 322

Second end plate 323

Second pin through hole 3231

Return spring 324

External device 400

A first direction X

Second direction Y

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The embodiment provides an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. This electric vehicle includes battery package 100 and battery package bracket 200, and battery package bracket 200 is installed on electric vehicle, and battery package 100 passes through battery package bracket 200 to be connected in electric vehicle, and the weight of battery package 100 can act on battery package bracket 200 completely for battery package 100 is reliable with electric vehicle's being connected, guarantees electric vehicle and operates steadily.

The battery pack 100 includes a battery body and a battery pack frame 11, and the specific structure is as shown in fig. 3-7, in which the battery body is wrapped inside the battery pack frame 11 to realize the bearing and protection of the battery body. Further, this battery pack 100 further includes a lock mechanism 300, and the lock mechanism 300 is provided on the battery pack frame 11 of the battery pack 100.

Most of the structure of the locking mechanism 300 in this embodiment is hidden inside the battery pack frame 11, and as shown in fig. 7, in order to show the installation position relationship of the locking mechanism 300 with respect to the battery pack frame 11, the longitudinal beams 11a and the bottom cross beam 11b in the battery pack frame 11 are hidden, and are shown by dotted lines in fig. 7, so as to show the structure of the locking mechanism 300 inside the battery pack frame 11.

Specifically, the locking mechanism 300 is used to lock the battery pack 100 to the battery pack bracket 200 of the electric vehicle. The locking mechanism 300 specifically includes a transmission assembly 31 and a locking assembly 32, the locking assembly 32 is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly 31, and the transmission assembly 31 is configured to drive the locking assembly 32 to unlock or lock with respect to the battery pack 100 while the external device 400 lifts or places the battery pack 100, so that the lifting action of the external device 400 on the battery pack 100 is used to unlock the battery pack 100 with respect to the battery pack bracket 200, or the placing action of the external device 400 on the battery pack 100 is used to lock the battery pack 100 with respect to the battery pack bracket 200.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the external device 400 has a fork for placing or lifting the battery pack 100. Specifically, in the process of taking the battery pack 100 off the electric vehicle through the fork, the fork first moves horizontally to a position below the limit stop 314 along the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 5, and then moves upwards along the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 6 and acts on the push-pull member 312 of the transmission assembly 31 to drive the push-pull member 312 to ascend, when the push-pull member 312 ascends to the maximum stroke, the locking assembly 32 is unlocked relative to the battery pack 100, and the push-pull member 312 enters the accommodating space inside the limit stop 314, and the fork contacts with the limit stop 314, and then continuously ascends through the fork, so that the whole battery pack 100 is lifted.

In this embodiment, the external device 400 is a stacker for picking and placing the battery pack 100. Of course, in other embodiments, other equipment such as a forklift or a crane may be used as long as it is sufficient to pick and place the battery pack 100.

The locking mechanism 300 locks the battery pack 100 relative to the battery pack bracket 200 of the electric vehicle through the locking assembly 32, so that the battery pack 100 is easily installed and locked, and the structure is light and low in cost under the condition of meeting the use requirement of the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle can be popularized and used quickly; meanwhile, the transmission assembly 31 utilizes the lifting force applied by lifting or placing the battery pack 100 by the external device 400, and transmits the lifting force to the locking assembly 32, so that the locking assembly 32 is unlocked or locked relative to the battery pack 100, that is, the locking or unlocking of the locking mechanism 300 can be realized by transferring the external device 400 of the battery pack 100, and an additional driving source does not need to be arranged at the vehicle end.

As shown in fig. 1-2, in the present embodiment, the transmission assembly 31 includes a pulling member 311 and a pushing and pulling member 312. The traction member 311 is connected to the locking assembly 32, and the traction member 311 is provided to drive the locking assembly 32 to be locked or unlocked by the battery pack 100 under the action of the external device 400.

The operation principle of the external device 400 to lock and unlock the battery pack 100 is as follows: the external device 400 acts on the pulling end 3111 of the pulling member 311 and drives the pulling end 3111 to move along the second direction Y, and the other end of the pulling member 311 drives the locking assembly 32 to move along the first direction X, wherein the first direction X is the same as or different from the second direction Y.

In the present embodiment, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other, and specifically: the external device 400 drives the traction end 3111 of the traction member 311 in the transmission assembly 31 to move in the second direction Y, that is, the traction member 311 moves in the vertical direction, and then drives the locking assembly 32 to move in the first direction X, that is, in the horizontal direction, through the end of the traction member 311 far from the traction end 3111, so as to complete the process of locking and unlocking the battery pack 100 by the external device 400.

For the specific arrangement of the first direction X and the second direction Y, it can be set as required as long as the external device 400 can ensure the battery pack 100 to be lifted or placed through the cooperative transmission of the locking assembly 32 and the transmission assembly 31.

In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned structure arrangement is adopted, so that the position where the external device 400 acts on the transmission assembly 31 and the position where the locking assembly 32 locks and unlocks can be relatively far away, so as to reasonably plan the layout of the locking mechanism 300 on the battery pack 100 or the battery pack bracket 200, and ensure that the matching connection inside the battery pack 100 is more orderly.

Specifically, the push-pull member 312 is disposed at the traction end 3111 of the traction member 311, and the purpose of the traction member 311 is to drive the traction member 311 to move under the action of the external device 400, so that the battery pack 100 can be lifted more reliably and accurately.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 8 to 9, the push-pull member 312 has a horizontal end surface 3121, and in this embodiment, the horizontal end surface 3121 is located on the lower surface of the push-pull member 312, so the principle that the external device 400 moves the transmission assembly 31 of the battery pack 100 is that the external device 400 engages with the horizontal end surface 3121 of the push-pull member 312 and moves the push-pull member 312. The transmission component 31 further comprises a lifting rod 316, the traction piece 311 is connected with the push-pull piece 312 through the lifting rod 316, one end of the lifting rod 316 is connected with the traction piece 311, the other end of the lifting rod 316 penetrates through the push-pull piece 312, and by adopting the structure, the traction piece 311 can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive force when the traction locking component 32 is pulled by the traction piece 311, and the integrity and the safety of the transmission component 31 are protected.

In addition, the locking mechanism 300 further includes a guide 313, the guide 313 is disposed on the battery pack 100, and the guide 313 guides the push-pull member 312, so that the push-pull member 312 can move in a predetermined direction. The guiding element 313 is provided with a through hole 3131, and the lifting rod 316 movably penetrates through the through hole 3131 and moves up and down along the through hole 3131, so as to position the lifting rod 316, and the accuracy of the lifting rod 316 being driven by the pushing and pulling element 312 is improved. In other embodiments, the guide 313 may be a slider or a slide rail, which may improve the guiding reliability.

Further, the locking mechanism 300 further includes a limit stopper 314, and the limit stopper 314 is formed with a receiving space recessed inward from the bottom for receiving the push-pull member 312 and limiting the displacement of the push-pull member 312. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 7, the limit stopper 314 is disposed on the battery pack 100 and above the push-pull member 312 moving along the second direction Y, so that it is avoided that the external device 400 acts on the push-pull member 312 to cause excessive movement of the push-pull member 312, which may damage the transmission assembly 31 and the locking assembly 32.

Wherein, a force application surface for the external device 400 to lift the battery pack 100 is formed on the lower surface of the limit stop 314, the push-pull member 312 protrudes from the lower surface of the limit stop 314, and can be driven by the external device 400 to move to the external device 400 to contact with the lower surface of the limit stop 314, that is, in the process of lifting or placing the battery pack 100 by the external device 400, the push-pull member 312 can enter or separate from the accommodating space inside the limit stop 314 under the action of the external device 400, and the external device 400 finally can contact with the force application surface of the limit stop 314 by moving the push-pull member 312 in the second direction Y, so that the push-pull member 312 can move by the force application of the external device 400 to the battery pack 100, and the flexibility of driving the battery pack 100 by the external device 400 is higher. Preferably, the guide 313 and the limit stop 314 are integrally formed, so that the structural integration is high and the structure is simple.

The battery pack frame 11 is provided with a guide groove 111, and the transmission assembly 31 is partially inserted into the guide groove 111 and is located outside the battery pack frame 11, so that the external device 400 acts on the transmission assembly 31. As shown in fig. 3-7, the limit stop 314 is fixed on the battery pack frame 11 and protrudes from the outer wall surface of the battery pack frame 11, the push-pull member 312 extends out of the battery pack frame 11 through the guide slot 111, so that a moving path is provided for the push-pull member 312 through the set direction and length of the guide slot 111, the moving direction of the push-pull member 312 is limited, the external device 400 can move in the guide slot 111 through the push-pull member 312 to contact with the force application surface of the limit stop 314 and act on the force application surface of the limit stop 314, so as to drive the battery pack 100 to be locked and unlocked relative to the battery pack bracket 200 through the locking mechanism 300.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the transmission assembly 31 further includes a turning member 315, and the turning member 315 is used to change the transmission direction of the pulling member 311, so that the transmission direction of the transmission assembly 31 can be changed, and the arrangement of the locking mechanism 300 on the battery pack 100 or the battery pack bracket 200 is further facilitated. Further, in the present embodiment, the steering member 315 is disposed at the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y.

The structural form of the steering member 315 may be set as required, and may include at least two structural forms: firstly, as shown in fig. 1 in this embodiment, the steering member 315 is a rotatable pulley, the traction member 311 is a traction rope 3112, the traction rope 3112 is wound on a rolling surface of the pulley, the traction rope 3112 can be used to better improve flexibility of transmission and direction change between the transmission assembly 31 and the locking assembly 32, and transmission is performed by pulling the traction rope 3112, so that the locking assembly 32 can be driven to unlock more conveniently, the traction rope 3112 is steered by the pulley, the transmission direction of the traction rope 3112 can be changed in multiple directions, and flexibility of the transmission assembly 31 and the locking assembly 32 is enhanced; secondly, the steering component 315 may be a steering device that rotates around a certain pivot, one end of the steering device is connected to the traction component 311, and the other end of the steering device is connected to the locking component 32, so as to transmit traction force through lever movement. In the embodiment, the pulley is adopted, so that the structure is simple and reliable.

As shown in fig. 11 to 12, a convex locking connector 21 is provided at the upper surface of the battery pack bracket 200, and the locking assembly 32 on the battery pack 100 locks or unlocks the battery pack 100 with respect to the battery pack bracket 200 by engaging with the locking connector 21.

In this embodiment, the locking assembly 32 is locked and fixed by inserting the pin 321 into the lock connector 21. Specifically, the traction element 311 of the transmission assembly 31 is connected to the pin shaft 321, the transmission assembly 31 drives the pin shaft 321 through the traction element 311 to unlock or lock the pin shaft 321 to the lock connector 21 in a reciprocating motion manner along the first direction X, and the lock connector 21 is correspondingly provided with a pin hole 211 through which the pin shaft 321 penetrates, in this embodiment, the pin hole 211 is in the form of a tapered pin hole 211, and the pin shaft 321 contacts an inclined inner wall of the pin hole 211 when inserted into the pin hole 211, so that the pin shaft 321 bolt type connection structure is firmer. The pin shaft 321 is matched with the shape of the pin hole 211, and the pin shaft 321 is used for being inserted into the pin hole 211 when the battery pack 100 is placed relative to the battery pack bracket 200, so as to stably connect the battery pack 100 to the battery pack bracket 200. The locking is realized by the mode that the pin shaft 321 penetrates the pin hole 211, the locking is firm, and the reliability is high, so that the locking device is adaptive to the locking of the heavy truck battery pack 100. Meanwhile, the locking mechanism 300 locks and unlocks the pin holes 211 on the relative lock connecting piece 21 in a plugging mode through the pin shaft 321, so that the battery pack 100 is easily installed and locked, and under the condition that the use of the electric automobile is met, the structure is light and handy, the cost is low, and the quick battery replacement of the electric automobile is facilitated to popularize and use.

As shown in fig. 1 and 10, the locking assembly 32 includes a first end plate 322 and a second end plate 323, and both the first end plate 322 and the second end plate 323 are fixedly connected to the battery pack frame 11. In particular, the fixed connection of the two end plates may be achieved by welding.

The first end plate 322 is correspondingly provided with a first pin shaft through hole for accommodating the pin shaft 321, and the pin shaft 321 can shuttle through the first pin shaft through hole to the first end plate 322, so that the pin shaft 321 is ensured to be more reliably locked and unlocked relative to the pin hole 211. The second end plate 323 is C-shaped, and a second pin through hole 3231 is formed in the second end plate 323, and the second pin through hole 3231 is used for inserting the pin 321, so that the locking reliability and the locking firmness of the pin 321 can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the first end plate 322 and the second end plate 323 are respectively disposed at two ends of the pin 321, and reinforce and fix the pin 321, so that the locking mechanism 300 is more stable and reliable.

When the battery pack 100 is locked with respect to the battery pack bracket 200, the second end plate 323 is sleeved on the lock connector 21, and the pin 321 is inserted into the second pin through hole 3231 of the second end plate 323 and the pin hole 211 of the lock connector 21 at the same time, so that the accurate positioning of the battery pack 100 when being placed with respect to the battery pack bracket 200 is ensured.

Specifically, the locking assembly 32 further includes a return spring 324, the return spring 324 is sleeved on the pin 321 and is disposed between the first end plate 322 and the second end plate 323, the return spring 324 is configured to apply an acting force to the pin 321, the acting force is applied to the second end plate 323, and the return spring 324 drives the pin 321 to move, so that the pin 321 enters the second pin through hole 3231 of the second end plate 323 to achieve automatic locking. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the head of the pin 321 is provided with a circular boss 3211, and the diameter of the circular boss 3211 is greater than the diameter of the return spring 324, so as to prevent the pin 321 from separating from the return spring 324 under the action of the return spring 324, and the circular boss 3211 realizes the limiting and fixing of the return spring 324.

The overall operation of the external device 400 to lock and unlock the locking mechanism 300 to and from the battery pack bracket 200 is as follows:

the external device 400 contacts with the horizontal end surface 3121 of the push-pull member 312 to provide an acting force in the second direction Y to the push-pull member 312, the push-pull member 312 moves in the second direction Y by the acting force and moves into the accommodating space inside the limit stop 314, the push-pull member 312 drives the pulling member 311 to move in the second direction Y as well, the pulling member 311 drives the other end of the pulling member 311 to move in the first direction X through the steering member 315, the other end of the pulling member 311 is connected with one end of the pin 321, that is, the other end of the pulling member 311 drives the pin 321 to move in the first direction X, the return spring 324 starts to be compressed and stores the force, and when the push-pull member 312 moves in the second direction Y to the maximum stroke, the pin 321 disengages from the second pin through hole 3231 of the second end plate 323. When locking, the external device 400 drives the battery pack 100 to slowly descend, and the lock connecting piece 21 is inserted into the second end plate 323; the external device 400 is separated from the push-pull member 312 and releases the acting force applied to the push-pull member 312, the return spring 324 applies an acting force on the pin shaft 321 towards the second end plate 323, and drives the pin shaft 321 to move towards the second end plate 323, so that the end of the pin shaft 321, which is far away from the traction member 311, enters the second pin shaft through hole 3231 of the second end plate 323 and the pin hole 211 of the lock connector 21, and the whole process of locking the battery pack 100 on the battery pack bracket 200 is completed. When the battery pack 100 is lifted, the external device 400 drives the battery pack 100 to move up, and the battery pack 100 is separated from the battery pack bracket 200.

The locking mechanisms 300 are at least distributed on two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, the locking mechanisms 300 located on two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11 are symmetrically arranged, the locking connecting pieces 21 are correspondingly arranged and matched with the locking mechanisms 300, and correspondingly, the locking connecting pieces 21 are at least symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the battery pack bracket 200. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 7 and 11, four locking mechanisms 300 are symmetrically disposed at opposite sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, and two locking mechanisms 300 are disposed at each side, and four lock links 21 are symmetrically disposed at opposite sides of the battery pack bracket 200, and two lock links 21 are disposed at each side. The locking mechanism 300 is disposed at the four corners of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, so as to ensure the stability and stability of the battery pack 100 for locking or unlocking the battery pack bracket 200, and to make the installation direction of the battery pack 100 for the battery pack frame 11 not limited. In other embodiments, the number and distribution of the lock connectors 21 and the locking mechanism 300 may be selected as needed, as long as stable locking of the battery pack is ensured.

In other embodiments, the locking mechanism 300 may be provided on the battery pack bracket 200, and the lock link 21 may be provided on the battery pack 100, so that the unlocking or locking of the battery pack 100 can be achieved as well.

Heavy card trades electricity locking mechanism 300 fast through the locking mechanism around battery package 100, has easily realized the installation locking to heavy card quick change battery package 100, and under the condition that satisfies heavy card use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost has just guaranteed the stability that battery package 100 and battery package bracket 200 are connected, is favorable to the heavy card to trade the using widely of electricity fast.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the present embodiment also provides a locking method and an unlocking method, which employ the above-described locking mechanism 300, and the locking mechanism 300 is provided on the battery pack frame 11 of the battery pack 100.

As shown in fig. 13, a locking method specifically includes the following steps:

s11, controlling the external device 400 to contact with the transmission assembly 31 of the locking mechanism 300, driving the battery pack 100 to move through the transmission assembly 31, and placing the battery pack 100 on the battery pack bracket 200;

and S12, controlling the external device 400 to descend to separate the external device 400 from the transmission assembly 31, resetting the transmission assembly 31 downwards, and driving the locking assembly 32 of the locking mechanism 300 to be locked with the locking connecting piece 21 on the battery pack bracket 200 so as to lock the battery pack 100 relative to the battery pack bracket 200.

As shown in fig. 14, the unlocking method specifically includes the following steps:

s21, controlling the external device 400 to move to the position below the transmission assembly 31 of the locking mechanism 300;

s22, controlling the external device 400 to lift, driving the transmission assembly 31 of the locking mechanism 300 to lift, and driving the locking assembly 32 to be separated from the locking connecting piece 21 on the battery pack bracket 200 by the transmission assembly 31 so as to unlock the battery pack 100 relative to the battery pack bracket 200;

and S23, controlling the external device 400 to continuously lift, and taking the battery pack 100 out of the battery pack bracket 200.

By the locking method and the unlocking method, the battery pack 100 can be easily installed and locked for the heavy-duty card and the quick-change battery pack has the advantages of light structure and low cost under the condition of meeting the use requirement of the heavy-duty card, and is favorable for popularization and use of quick battery change of the heavy-duty card.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism is used for locking a battery pack on a battery pack bracket of an electric automobile and is characterized by comprising a transmission assembly and a locking assembly, wherein the locking assembly is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used for driving the locking assembly to unlock or lock relative to the battery pack while external equipment lifts or places the battery pack.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly includes a pulling member, the pulling member is connected to the locking assembly, the pulling member is configured to drive the locking assembly to be locked or unlocked by the external device, a pulling end of the pulling member is configured to move in a second direction by the external device and drive the locking assembly to move in a first direction, and the first direction is the same as or different from the second direction.

3. The lock-out mechanism of claim 2, wherein the transmission assembly further comprises a push-pull member disposed at the pulling end of the pulling member, the push-pull member being configured to move the pulling member under the action of an external device.

4. The locking mechanism of claim 3,

the push-pull piece is provided with a horizontal end face, and the external equipment can be attached to the horizontal end face of the push-pull piece and drive the push-pull piece to move;

5. The lock mechanism of claim 4, wherein the guide member has a through hole, and the push-pull member is movably disposed through the through hole.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 4, wherein the lower surface of the limit stop forms a force application surface for the external device to lift the battery pack, and the push-pull member protrudes from the lower surface of the limit stop and can be moved by the external device until the external device contacts the lower surface of the limit stop.

7. The latch mechanism of claim 2, wherein the drive assembly further comprises a steering member disposed at an angle between the first direction and the second direction, the steering member being adapted to change the drive direction of the traction member;

the steering part comprises a pulley, the traction part comprises a traction rope, the traction rope is wound on the rolling surface of the pulley,

8. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking assembly is configured to cooperate with a locking connector to lock or unlock, the locking assembly is disposed on the battery pack, the locking connector is disposed on the battery pack bracket, the locking assembly includes a pin, the transmission assembly is connected to the pin, and the transmission assembly drives the pin to unlock or lock with the locking connector.

9. The locking mechanism of claim 8, wherein the lock connector has a pin hole for the pin to pass through, the pin is adapted to the shape of the pin hole, and the pin is adapted to be inserted into the pin hole when the battery pack is placed against the battery pack bracket.

10. The locking mechanism of claim 9, wherein the locking assembly further comprises a first end plate having a first pin through hole that receives the pin, the pin being capable of shuttling to the first end plate via the first pin through hole,

and/or, the locking subassembly still includes the second end plate, the second end plate is the C type, be equipped with second round pin axle through-hole on the second end plate, second round pin axle through-hole supplies the round pin axle inserts.

11. The locking mechanism of claim 10, wherein when said battery pack is locked relative to said battery pack bracket, said second end plate is nested in said lock connector and said pin is simultaneously inserted into said second pin through hole in said second end plate and said pin hole in said lock connector.

12. The locking mechanism of claim 10, wherein said first end plate and said second end plate are disposed at respective ends of said pin;

and/or the locking assembly further comprises a return spring, and the return spring is sleeved on the pin shaft and is arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate.

13. The lock mechanism of claim 12, wherein the head of the pin is provided with a boss having a diameter greater than the diameter of the return spring.

14. A battery pack comprising a locking mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 provided on a battery pack frame of the battery pack.

15. The battery pack of claim 14, wherein the battery pack frame is provided with a guide slot, and the transmission assembly partially penetrates through the guide slot and is arranged outside the battery pack frame;

and/or the locking mechanisms are distributed at least on two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame.

16. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 14 to 15.