CN217730255U - Locking mechanism, battery pack and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism, battery package and electric vehicle, it is used for wrapping the locking of battery on electric vehicle, and locking mechanism includes the locking subassembly and draws the subassembly, and the locking subassembly is connected with the transmission of drawing the subassembly, and the locking subassembly includes rotatory buckle, is equipped with the draw-in groove on the rotatory buckle, and it is switched to the state of opening by the enclosed state to drive rotatory buckle when being used for external equipment lifting battery package to draw the subassembly to make the battery package for electric vehicle unblock. Locking mechanism drives the rotatory buckle rotation of locking subassembly when external equipment lifting or placing the battery package through drawing the subassembly to make and leave or get into the draw-in groove of rotatory buckle with the last structure that corresponds of rotatory buckle complex electric vehicle, make the relative electric vehicle of battery package unblock or locking, need not to set up extra driving source at the car end, under the condition that satisfies electric vehicle and use, the structure is light and handy, low cost is favorable to electric vehicle to trade the popularization and use of electricity fast.

Description

Locking mechanism, battery pack and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a new forms of energy vehicle technical field specifically relates to a locking mechanism, battery package and electric vehicle.

Background

With the attention on environmental protection, the pure electric heavy truck as a new energy automobile product is promoted by the government and has been popularized in the market for many years, which represents the development direction of the automobile industry in the future. However, under the influence of battery technology, the energy density of the battery pack cannot be too high, so that the heavy truck has long charging time and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is short; to solve this pain point, the technique of changing electricity should be used.

The locking mechanism of the current quick-change battery pack is very large, so that the locking mechanism is too large for a small battery with a heavy truck and is not practical, and the locking mechanism of the current quick-change battery pack has high cost and is not beneficial to popularization of battery replacement for the heavy truck; therefore, a novel quick-change battery and a locking device are needed to solve the problems that the locking mechanism of the heavy-truck quick-change battery pack is too large to meet the requirements of use and too high cost.

The existing locking mechanism and device usually need to be provided with a driving source such as an air cylinder or an electric push rod at the end of a vehicle, and the locking mechanism is driven by the reciprocating motion of the air cylinder or the electric push rod to achieve the purpose of locking or unlocking, the locking structure is complex, the design burden and cost of a host factory are indirectly or directly increased, and the locking mechanism cannot be manually unlocked under the condition of failure during use.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to set up extra driving source in order to overcome among the prior art need in the car end, lead to the locking structure complicated, the higher defect of cost provides a locking mechanism, battery package and electric vehicle.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem through following technical scheme:

the locking mechanism is used for locking a battery pack on an electric vehicle and comprises a locking assembly and a traction assembly, the locking assembly is in transmission connection with the traction assembly, the locking assembly comprises a rotary buckle, a clamping groove is formed in the rotary buckle, and the traction assembly is used for lifting the battery pack through external equipment and driving the rotary buckle to be switched from a closed state to an open state so that the battery pack can be unlocked relative to the electric vehicle.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, locking mechanism drives the rotatory buckle rotation of locking subassembly when external equipment lifting or placing the battery package through drawing the subassembly, so that leave or get into the draw-in groove of rotatory buckle with the last structure that corresponds of rotatory buckle complex electric vehicle, and then make the relative electric vehicle of battery package unblock or locking, this locking subassembly can easily realize the installation locking to the battery package, can realize locking mechanism's locking or unblock through the external equipment that shifts the battery package, need not to set up extra driving source at the car end, satisfying under the condition that electric vehicle used, the structure is light and handy, therefore, the carrier wave prepaid electric energy meter is low in cost, be favorable to electric vehicle to trade the popularization and use of electricity fast.

Preferably, a lock connecting piece is arranged on the electric vehicle, the lock connecting piece on the electric vehicle is matched with the lock assembly to unlock or lock the battery pack, and when the rotating buckle is in a closed state, the lock connecting piece is locked in the clamping groove; when the rotary buckle is in an opening state, the lock connecting piece can be separated from the clamping groove.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, carry out the structure that cooperates with the rotatory buckle that corresponds on the electric vehicle and be the lock connecting piece. Through the state of switching rotatory buckle, guaranteed the fastening nature of electric vehicle and battery package locking, avoided electric vehicle to lead to the battery package to break away from electric vehicle because of rocking other reasons such as, guaranteed stability and reliability that locking mechanism and electric vehicle connect.

Preferably, the rotating buckle rotates from the open state to the closed state under the action of the lock connecting piece.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, the lock connecting piece passes through the draw-in groove and drives rotatory buckle and switch to the closed condition, through the mechanical linkage mode, guarantees the reliability of locking process.

Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises:

the rotary buckle is rotatably connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft, and the position of the rotary buckle relative to the shell comprises a closed state and an open state;

the first elastic piece is connected to the rotating buckle and can apply acting force to the rotating buckle, wherein the acting force moves from the closed state to the open state.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, through setting up the casing, realize linking together the purpose with each movable part on the locking mechanism, improved the durability and the reliable degree of locking mechanism operation, only need through the elastic action of first elastic component alright realize the rotation and spacing of rotatory buckle, simple structure and with low costs.

Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises:

the limiting part is used for limiting the position of the rotary buckle relative to the shell so as to enable the rotary buckle to be kept in the closed state, the limiting part is connected with the traction assembly, and the traction assembly can drive the limiting part to move and remove the limitation on the rotary buckle.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, make rotatory buckle keep the closure state through setting up the locating part, avoid rotatory buckle to be switched to another state because of unexpected exogenic action, lead to taking place the battery package condition that the electric vehicle accident is deviate from relatively.

Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises:

the second elastic piece is connected with the limiting piece and can apply acting force to the limiting piece to enable the limiting piece to move towards the rotating buckle.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, utilize the second elastic component to exert the effort to the locating part, can be so that the locating part keeps the restriction to the rotation buckle when not receiving external force, improve the locking reliability.

Preferably, the limiting member is rotatably connected to the housing through a second rotating shaft, and the traction assembly can drive the limiting member to rotate relative to the housing.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, set up the motion mode of locating part into rotary motion, it is more reliable to compare other motion modes, and has improved the flexibility when rotatory buckle switches to different states.

Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises:

the stop piece is used for limiting the position of the stop piece relative to the shell, and the stop piece are matched to limit the rotation of the rotary buckle.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, cooperate with holding the piece through the second elastic component for the locating part can be located limit state accurately under the circumstances that does not receive external force traction, with reliably, keep the limiting displacement of pairing rotation buckle continuously.

Preferably, the blocking member includes a stopper pin fixed to the housing,

or, be equipped with the baffle on the casing, it passes through to stop the piece the mode that the baffle bent with the panel beating forms.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, form the piece through the mode of installing the spacer pin on the casing or forming the baffle with the panel beating mode of bending, simple structure just uses reliably, can reduce locking mechanism's the maintenance degree of difficulty.

Preferably, the housing has an opening therein, and the opening is engaged with the slot so that the lock connector enters the slot through the opening.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, utilize the rotation of rotatory buckle relative casing, sealed the open channel of lock connecting piece business turn over draw-in groove.

Preferably, the traction assembly includes a traction member, the traction member is connected to the limiting member, a traction end of the traction member moves along a first direction under the action of the external device, and drives the limiting member to move along a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting for the position that external equipment acted on the traction assembly can be kept away from relatively with the position that locking assembly carried out locking and unblock, so that the overall arrangement of locking mechanism on battery package or battery package bracket, in order to guarantee that the inside cooperation of battery package is connected more orderly.

Preferably, the traction assembly further comprises a push-pull member, the push-pull member is arranged at the traction end of the traction member, and the push-pull member is used for driving the traction member to move under the action of external equipment.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, utilize external equipment to act on the mode drive that pushes away the pulling piece and pull the end and remove for it is more reliable, accurate to go up and down.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a guide member for guiding the push-pull member,

and/or the locking mechanism further comprises a limit stop, and the limit stop is used for accommodating the push-pull piece and limiting the displacement of the push-pull piece.

In the scheme, the guide piece is arranged to ensure that the push-pull piece can stably move along the preset direction; set up limit stop and can avoid external equipment to act on the push-and-pull piece and lead to the push-and-pull piece excessive movement, damage and pull subassembly and locking subassembly.

Preferably, the lower surface of the limit stop forms a force application surface for the external device to lift the battery pack, and the push-pull member protrudes from the lower surface of the limit stop and can be driven by the external device to move until the external device contacts with the lower surface of the limit stop.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, can realize locking mechanism's locking or unblock through the external equipment that shifts the battery package, utilize limit stop to form the application of force point that supplies external equipment lifting battery package, can so make push-and-pull piece can utilize the application of force production removal of external equipment to the battery package, can make the flexibility that external equipment drove the battery package higher. Meanwhile, the locking mechanism is high in structural integration degree and simple in structure.

Preferably, the traction assembly further comprises a steering member, the steering member is arranged at an included angle between the first direction and the second direction, and the steering member is used for changing the transmission direction of the traction member.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, realized pulling the change of subassembly transmission direction to more do benefit to the overall arrangement of locking mechanism on battery package or battery package bracket.

Preferably, the steering component comprises a steering device, the steering device is respectively connected with the traction component and the limiting component,

or, the steering part comprises a pulley, and the traction part is wound on a rolling surface of the pulley and connected to the limiting part.

In this scheme, adopt to pull the piece and can improve the flexibility of pulling the transmission between subassembly and the locking subassembly and changing the direction better, and the pulling through pulling the piece carries out the transmission, is convenient for drive the locking subassembly more and carries out the unblock, realizes being the transmission of angle or realizing the turning of pulling the piece through the pulley through the steering gear, can diversely change the transmission direction of pulling the piece, and the reinforcing is pulled subassembly and locking subassembly and is set up the flexibility.

A battery pack is characterized by comprising the locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on a battery pack frame of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, easily realized heavily the installation locking of calorie quick change battery package.

Preferably, the locking mechanisms are distributed at least on two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structural setting, arrange locking mechanism at the four corners edge of the bottom of battery package frame, can carry out the locking more steadily.

An electric vehicle comprising a battery pack as described above.

In this scheme, adopt this structure setting, heavily block and trade electric locking mechanism fast and through at battery package locking mechanism all around, easily realized heavily blocking the installation locking of quick change battery package, satisfying under the condition that heavily blocks the use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to heavily blocking the using widely that trades the electricity fast.

Preferably, the electric vehicle is provided with a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is provided with a lock connecting piece, and the lock connecting piece is matched with the locking mechanism to lock or unlock.

In this scheme, adopt this kind of structure setting, cooperate with locking mechanism through setting up the lock connecting piece on battery package bracket for the weight of battery can act on battery package bracket completely, makes battery package and electric vehicle's being connected reliable, guarantees that electric vehicle operates steadily.

Preferably, the lock connecting piece comprises a shaft rod and a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the shaft rod, a groove is formed in the shaft sleeve, and the groove is used for embedding a buffer material.

In this scheme, establish the axle sleeve cover on the axostylus axostyle for with the locking mechanism contact, and can rotate by the axostylus axostyle relatively, the locking mechanism of being convenient for and lock being connected of connecting piece, flexibility when the two is connected is strengthened. Meanwhile, the groove is embedded with buffering materials such as rubber strips and the like, so that the buffering effect is achieved, and the integrity of the lock connecting piece is also protected.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

in this locking mechanism, battery package and electric vehicle, can realize locking or unblock of locking mechanism through the external equipment that shifts the battery package, need not to set up extra driving source in the car end. Locking mechanism drives the rotatory buckle rotation of locking subassembly when external equipment lifting or placing the battery package through drawing the subassembly to make and leave or get into the draw-in groove of rotatory buckle with the last structure that corresponds of rotatory buckle complex electric vehicle, make the relative electric vehicle of battery package unblock or locking, this locking subassembly can easily realize the installation locking to the battery package, under the condition that satisfies electric vehicle and use, the structure is light and handy, therefore, the carrier wave prepaid electric vehicle service platform is low in cost, and the electric vehicle is favorable to the electric vehicle to trade the using widely of electric fast.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack of embodiment 1 of the present invention mounted on a battery pack bracket.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view (a) of a state that the external device of embodiment 1 of the present invention acts on the battery pack.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view (ii) of a state in which the external device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention acts on the battery pack.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a back schematic structural view of the locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention before being connected to the lock connecting member.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly and the lock connecting member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly and the lock connecting member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention after connection.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention during locking and/or unlocking.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a traction assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack frame according to embodiment 1 of the present invention including a push-pull member.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack bracket according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 14 at B.

Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a lock shaft according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a block flow diagram of a locking method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a block flow diagram of an unlocking method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

battery pack 100

Battery pack frame 11

Guide groove 111

Battery pack bracket 200

Lock attachment 21

Shaft 211

Bushing 212

Groove 2121

Supporting frame 213

Locking mechanism 300

Locking assembly 31

Rotary buckle 311

Card slot 3111

Casing 312

First opening 3121

Guide slope 31211

Cover plate 3122

Second opening 31221

Positioning block 3123

Bolt 3124

First rotating shaft 313

First elastic member 314

Position limiter 315

Second elastic member 316

Second rotating shaft 317

The baffle 318

Spacing pin 3181

Tow assembly 32

Traction piece 321

Trailing end 3211

Haulage rope 3212

Push-pull member 322

Horizontal end surface 3221

Guide 323

Through hole 3231

Bump stopper 324

Steering member 325

Diverter 3251

Lifting rod 326

External device 400

A first direction X

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a battery pack 100, which has a specific structure as shown in fig. 1 to 13, and includes a battery body and a battery pack frame 11, wherein the battery body is wrapped inside the battery pack frame 11, and the battery pack frame 11 is used for carrying and protecting the battery body. Further, this battery pack 100 includes a lock mechanism 300, the lock mechanism 300 being provided on the battery pack frame 11, the lock mechanism 300 being used to lock the battery pack 100 to the battery pack bracket 200 of the electric vehicle.

The locking mechanism 300 specifically includes a traction assembly 32 and a locking assembly 31, the locking assembly 31 is in transmission connection with the traction assembly 32, the traction assembly 32 is used for driving the locking assembly 31 to unlock or lock relative to the battery pack 100 while the external device 400 lifts or places the battery pack 100, so that the battery pack 100 is unlocked or locked relative to the battery pack bracket 200 by using the lifting action of the external device 400 on the battery pack 100, or the battery pack 100 is locked relative to the battery pack bracket 200 by using the placing action of the external device 400 on the battery pack 100.

This kind of locking mechanism 300 locks battery package 100 relative electric vehicle's battery package bracket 200 through locking subassembly 31, has easily realized the installation locking to battery package 100, and under the condition that satisfies electric vehicle and use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to electric vehicle to trade the popularization and use of electric fast. Meanwhile, the traction assembly 32 utilizes the lifting force applied by lifting or placing the battery pack 100 by the external device 400, and transmits the lifting force to the locking assembly 31, so that the locking assembly 31 is unlocked or locked relative to the battery pack 100, that is, the locking or unlocking of the locking assembly 31 can be realized by transferring the external device 400 of the battery pack 100, and an additional driving source is not required to be arranged at the vehicle end.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the external device 400 has a fork for placing or lifting the battery pack 100. When the battery pack 100 is to be taken out, the external device 400 drives the fork to horizontally move to the position below the limit stop 324 along the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 3, then the fork moves upwards along the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 4 and acts on the push-pull piece 322 of the traction assembly 32 to drive the push-pull piece 322 to ascend, when the push-pull piece 322 ascends to the maximum stroke, the locking assembly 31 is unlocked relative to the battery pack 100, the push-pull piece 322 enters the accommodating space inside the limit stop 324, the fork is in contact with the limit stop 324 and then continuously ascends through the fork, and the battery pack 100 is taken out relative to the battery pack bracket 200.

In this embodiment, the external device 400 is a stacker for picking and placing the battery pack 100. In other embodiments, other equipment such as a forklift or a crane may be used as long as the battery pack 100 can be taken in and out.

As shown in fig. 5 to 11, the locking assembly 31 includes a rotary catch 311, and a catch groove 3111 is provided on the rotary catch 311. The locking mechanism 300 drives the rotating buckle 311 of the locking assembly 31 to rotate when the external device 400 lifts or places the battery pack 100 through the pulling assembly 32, so that the lock connector 21 on the electric vehicle, which is engaged with the rotating buckle 311, leaves or enters the slot 3111 of the rotating buckle 311, and the rotating buckle 311 is switched from the closed state to the open state, so that the battery pack 100 is unlocked or locked relative to the electric vehicle.

Specifically, the battery pack bracket 200 is provided with a lock connector 21, and the lock connector 21 is matched with the locking assembly 31 to unlock or lock the battery pack 100. When the rotary buckle 311 is in a closed state, the lock connector 21 is locked in the slot 3111 of the rotary buckle 311, so that the battery pack 100 is locked on the electric vehicle; when the rotating buckle 311 is in an open state, the lock connector 21 can be separated from the slot 3111, and the battery pack 100 is unlocked in the electric vehicle. In the embodiment, with the adoption of the structure, the tightness of the locking of the electric vehicle and the battery pack 100 is ensured, the situation that the battery pack 100 is separated from the electric vehicle due to shaking and other reasons of the electric vehicle is avoided, and the stability and the reliability of the connection between the locking mechanism 300 and the electric vehicle are ensured.

The lock connecting piece 21 enters the slot 3111 and applies acting force to the rotating buckle 311 to drive the rotating buckle 311 to rotate from an open state to a closed state, and reliability of a locking process is guaranteed through a mechanical linkage mode.

As shown in fig. 5-7, the locking assembly 31 includes a housing 312 and a first rotating shaft 313, and the housing 312 is configured to couple the movable components of the locking mechanism 300 together, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the operation of the locking mechanism 300. The first rotating shaft 313 is disposed on the housing 312, the rotating catch 311 is mounted on the housing 312 through the first rotating shaft 313, and the rotating catch 311 is switched from the closed state to the open state through the first rotating shaft 313.

The locking assembly 31 further includes a first elastic member 314, a second elastic member 316, and a retaining member 315.

As shown in fig. 6, two ends of the first elastic member 314 are respectively connected to the housing 312 and the rotating buckle 311, and when the rotating buckle 311 is in the closed state, the first elastic member 314 is in the stretched state and stores energy, and can apply an acting force to the rotating buckle 311 to move from the closed state to the open state. In this embodiment, the rotation and the limitation of the rotation buckle 311 can be realized only by the elastic action of the first elastic member 314, and the structure is simple and the cost is low. Specifically, the first elastic member 314 is connected to the housing 312 and the rotary latch 311 by a fixing pin.

The limiting member 315 is installed on the housing 312, the limiting member 315 is used for limiting the position of the rotating buckle 311 relative to the housing 312, the rotating buckle 311 is prevented from being switched from the closed state to the open state due to the elastic action of the first elastic member 314, the limiting member 315 plays a role in limiting the rotation of the rotating buckle 311, when the rotating buckle 311 is in the closed state, the rotating buckle 311 can be always kept in the closed state, and the situation that the rotating buckle 311 is switched to another state due to an unexpected external force action, which causes the battery pack 100 to be accidentally disengaged from the electric vehicle, is avoided.

In the present embodiment, a second rotating shaft 317 is provided on the housing 312, and the stopper 315 is mounted on the housing 312 via the second rotating shaft 317. One end of the limiting member 315 is connected to the pulling member 32, the pulling member 32 can drive the limiting member 315 to move and release the limitation on the rotating buckle 311, and the other end of the limiting member 315 is connected to the second rotating shaft 317, so as to realize the rotating movement of the limiting member 315.

The operation principle of the limiting element 315 is as follows: the pulling assembly 32 applies an acting force to one end of the limiting member 315, so that the limiting member 315 can rotate via the second rotating shaft 317, and the position limitation and the releasing limitation of the limiting member 315 on the rotating buckle 311 are realized. The movement mode of the limiting member 315 is set to be a rotational movement, which is more reliable than other movement modes, and improves the flexibility of the rotational latch 311 when switching to different states.

Two ends of the second elastic element 316 are respectively connected to the limiting element 315 and the housing 312, the second elastic element 316 is located at an end far away from the second rotating shaft 317, that is, an end close to the traction assembly 32, one end of the second elastic element 316 is connected to the limiting element 315, and the other end is fixedly connected to the housing 312, and can apply an acting force to the limiting element 315 to enable the limiting element 315 to rotate and move towards the rotating buckle 311. Specifically, the second elastic member 316 is connected to the limiting member 315 and the housing 312 through a fixing pin.

The working principle of the second elastic member 316 is as follows: when an external device 400 (such as a stacker) applies force to the pulling assembly 32, the pulling assembly 32 applies force to one end of the limiting member 315, so that the limiting member 315 rotates towards one side of the pulling assembly 32 through the second rotating shaft 317, and the second elastic member 316 starts to stretch and accumulate force; when the external device 400 is disconnected from the pulling assembly 32, the pulling assembly 32 loses the acting force applied thereto by the external device 400, the limiting member 315 receives the elastic force of the second elastic member 316 and rotates around the second rotating shaft 317 toward a side away from the pulling assembly 32, so as to limit the rotating buckle 311, and the limiting member 315 applies the acting force to the limiting member 316, so that the limiting member 315 can keep limiting the rotating buckle 311 when not receiving an external force, thereby improving the locking reliability.

In this embodiment, the first elastic member 314 and the second elastic member 316 are both springs, and have a simple structure and low cost, and in other embodiments, other elastic members, such as an elastic film tube, a corrugated tube, a torsion spring, etc., may be adopted to exert a force on the rotation buckle 311 and the limiting member 315.

As shown in fig. 5-7, the locking assembly 31 further includes a stopping member 318, and the stopping member 318 is disposed on the housing 312 for limiting the position of the limiting member 315 relative to the housing 312, i.e. the limiting member 315 cooperates with the stopping member 318 to limit the rotation of the rotation buckle 311. The second elastic element 316 is engaged with the blocking element 318, so that the limiting element 315 can be accurately positioned in a limiting state without being pulled by an external force, and the limiting effect on the rotating buckle 311 can be reliably and continuously maintained.

Specifically, the barrier 318 has two embodiments: firstly, the blocking member 318 can be a limit pin 3181, the limit pin 3181 is fixed on the housing 312, and the limit pin 3181 has a simple and compact structure and is convenient to disassemble; secondly, the stopping member 318 can also be a baffle formed by bending a metal plate, so that the limiting function of the baffle on the limiting member 315 and the rotating buckle 311 is more reliable, and the maintenance difficulty of the locking mechanism 300 can be reduced. In the present embodiment, the stopping member 318 is a limiting pin 3181, and the specific structure and form of the limiting pin 3181 can be selected as needed as long as the effect of limiting the rotation buckle 311 can be achieved.

In addition, a first opening 3121 is formed at a side of the housing 312 adjacent to the card slot 3111, and the first opening 3121 is engaged with the card slot 3111 to provide a passage for the lock connection member 21, so that the lock connection member 21 can be inserted into the card slot 3111 through the first opening 3121. Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a guiding inclined surface 31211 is provided at the first opening 3121, which is more convenient for the lock connecting member 21 to enter the notch 3111 through the first opening 3121, and reduces the alignment difficulty during the locking process.

As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the latching assembly 31 further includes a cover plate 3122 and a positioning block 3123, the positioning block 3123 is disposed on the housing 312, the cover plate 3122 is connected to the positioning block 3123 through a plurality of bolts 3124, the limiting member 315 and the rotation buckle 311 are disposed between the positioning blocks 3123 on both sides, and the cover plate 3122 covers the rotation buckle 311 and the limiting member 315 on a side away from the housing 312, that is, the limiting member 315 and the rotation buckle 311 are sandwiched between the housing 312 and the cover 3122. With the adoption of the structure, a worker can detach the cover plate 3122 through the bolt 3124, so that the rotary buckle 311 and the limiting member 315 inside the cover plate 3122 can be repaired and replaced conveniently. Meanwhile, the cover plate 3122 is provided to enhance the protection effect of the cover plate 3122 on the internal limiting member 315 and the rotation buckle 311, so that the connection of the movable components of the locking assembly 31 is compact and reliable, and the space utilization resources inside the battery pack 100 are improved. The cover plate 3122 is provided with a second opening 31221, and the first opening 3121, the second opening 31221 and the slot 3111 cooperate to provide access to the lock link 21, and the lock link 21 may enter the slot 3111 through the first opening 3121 and the second opening 31221.

As shown in fig. 12-13, in this embodiment, the pulling assembly 32 includes a pulling member 321 and a pushing and pulling member 322. The traction member 321 is connected to the locking assembly 31, and the traction member 321 is provided to drive the locking assembly 31 to be locked or unlocked under the action of the external device 400 of the battery pack 100.

The operation principle of the external device 400 to lock and unlock the battery pack 100 is as follows: the external device 400 acts on the pulling end 3211 of the pulling element 321, and drives the pulling end 3211 to move along a first direction X (vertical direction in this embodiment), and simultaneously the other end of the pulling element 321 drives the locking assembly 31 to move along a second direction, where the second direction and the first direction X may be the same or different.

In this embodiment, the first direction X and the second direction are disposed in an included angle, specifically: the external device 400 drives the pulling end 3211 of the pulling member 321 in the pulling assembly 32 to move in the first direction X, i.e. the pulling member 321 moves in the vertical direction, and then drives the locking assembly 31 to move in the second direction, i.e. the direction close to the horizontal direction, through the end of the pulling member 321 far from the pulling end 3211, thereby completing the process of locking and unlocking the battery pack 100 by the external device 400.

For the specific arrangement of the first direction X and the second direction, it can be set as required as long as the external device 400 can ensure the lifting or placing of the battery pack 100 through the cooperative transmission of the locking assembly 31 and the pulling assembly 32.

In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned structure is adopted, so that the position where the external device 400 acts on the traction assembly 32 and the position where the locking assembly 31 locks and unlocks can be relatively far away, so as to reasonably plan the layout of the locking mechanism 300 on the battery pack 100 or the battery pack bracket 200, and ensure that the matching connection inside the battery pack 100 is more orderly.

Specifically, the push-pull member 322 is disposed at the drawing end 3211 of the drawing member 321, and the drawing member 321 is disposed to drive the drawing member 321 to move under the action of the external device 400, so that the battery pack 100 can be lifted and lowered more reliably and accurately.

As shown in fig. 12 to 13, the push-pull member 322 has a horizontal end surface 3221, in this embodiment, the horizontal end surface 3221 is located on the lower surface of the push-pull member 322, so that the principle that the external device 400 moves the traction assembly 32 of the battery pack 100 is that the external device 400 engages with the horizontal end surface 3221 of the push-pull member 322 and drives the push-pull member 322 to move. The traction assembly 32 further comprises a lifting rod 326, the traction piece 321 is connected with the push-pull piece 322 through the lifting rod 326, one end of the lifting rod 326 is connected with the traction piece 321, the other end of the lifting rod 326 penetrates through the push-pull piece 322, and by adopting the structure, the traction piece 321 can be prevented from being damaged due to overlarge force when the locking assembly 31 is pulled by the traction piece 321, and the integrity and the safety of the traction assembly 32 are protected.

In addition, the locking mechanism 300 further includes a guiding member 323, the guiding member 323 is disposed on the battery pack 100, and the guiding member 323 guides the push-pull member 322, so that the push-pull member 322 can be moved in a predetermined direction. Be equipped with through-hole 3231 on guide 323, lifter 326 movably wears to establish this through-hole 3231 and goes up and down along through-hole 3231, realizes the location to lifter 326 to the accuracy that lifter 326 goes up and down is driven to push away and draw spare 322. In other embodiments, the guide 323 may be a slider or a slide rail, which may improve the guiding reliability.

Further, the locking mechanism 300 further includes a limit stopper 324, and the limit stopper 324 is formed with a receiving space recessed inward from the bottom for receiving the push-pull member 322 and limiting the displacement of the push-pull member 322. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the limit stopper 324 is disposed on the battery pack 100 and above the push-pull member 322 moving along the first direction X, so that it is prevented that the external device 400 acts on the push-pull member 322 to cause excessive movement of the push-pull member 322, thereby damaging the traction assembly 32 and the locking assembly 31.

Wherein, a force application surface for the external device 400 to lift the battery pack 100 is formed on the lower surface of the limit stop 324, the push-pull member 322 protrudes out of the lower surface of the limit stop 324 and can be driven by the external device 400 to move to the state that the external device 400 contacts with the lower surface of the limit stop 324, that is, in the process that the external device 400 lifts or places the battery pack 100, the push-pull member 322 enters or separates from the accommodating space inside the limit stop 324 under the action of the external device 400, and the external device 400 finally contacts with the force application surface of the limit stop 324 through the movement of the push-pull member 322 in the first direction X, so that the push-pull member 322 can move by the force application of the external device 400 to the battery pack 100, and the flexibility of the external device 400 driving the battery pack 100 is higher. In this embodiment, the guide 323 and the limit stopper 324 are integrally formed, and the structure integration is high and the structure is simple.

A guide groove 111 is formed on the battery pack frame 11, and the traction assembly 32 is partially inserted through the guide groove 111 and located outside the battery pack frame 11, so that the external device 400 acts on the traction assembly 32.

As shown in fig. 2 and 13, the limit stopper 324 is fixedly disposed on the battery pack frame 11 and protrudes from the outer wall surface of the battery pack frame 11, the push-pull member 322 extends out of the battery pack frame 11 through the guide groove 111, a moving path is provided for the push-pull member 322 through the set direction and length of the guide groove 111, the moving direction of the push-pull member 322 is limited, and the external device 400 can move in the guide groove 111 through the push-pull member 322 to contact with the force application surface of the limit stopper 324 and act on the force application surface of the limit stopper 324, so as to drive the battery pack 100 to be locked and unlocked relative to the electric vehicle through the locking mechanism 300.

As shown in fig. 5-7, the pulling assembly 32 further comprises a turning member 325, and the turning member 325 is used for changing the driving direction of the pulling member 321, so that the driving direction of the pulling assembly 32 can be changed, and the arrangement of the locking mechanism 300 on the battery pack 100 or the battery pack bracket 200 can be further facilitated. Further, in the present embodiment, the steering member 325 is disposed at an included angle between the first direction X and the second direction.

The structural form of the steering member 325 may be set as required, and may include at least the following two structural forms: firstly, the steering member 325 is a rotatable pulley, the traction member 321 is a traction rope 3212, the traction rope 3212 is wound on the rolling surface of the pulley, the traction assembly 32 and the locking assembly 31 can be better improved in flexibility of transmission and direction change by adopting the traction rope 3212, the traction assembly 31 can be more conveniently driven to unlock by pulling the traction rope 3212, the traction rope 3212 can be turned by the pulley, the transmission direction of the traction rope 3212 can be changed in multiple directions, and the flexibility of arrangement of the traction assembly 32 and the locking assembly 31 is enhanced; second, the steering member 325 may be a steering member 3251 that rotates around a certain fulcrum, one end of the steering member 3251 is connected to the pulling member 321, and the other end of the steering member 3251 is connected to the locking assembly 31, so that the pulling force is transmitted by the lever movement. The structure and form of the steering member 325 are not limited thereto, and may be selected and arranged as desired as long as the change of the transmission direction can be achieved. In the embodiment, the steering device 3251 is used for transmission, and compared with the pulley, the steering device 3251 has a simple and reliable structure, and occupies a small space due to its small structure, so that the locking mechanism 300 has a compact structure and needs to be connected with the traction element 321 more.

As shown in fig. 8-11, the overall operation of the locking mechanism 300 by the external device 400 to lock and unlock the battery pack bracket 200 is as follows:

the external device 400 contacts the horizontal end 3221 of the push-pull member 322 to provide a force in the first direction X to the push-pull member 322, the push-pull member 322 moves in the first direction X by the force and moves into the receiving space inside the limit stop 324, the push-pull member 322 drives the pulling member 321 to move in the first direction X, and the pulling member 321 drives the locking assembly 31 to move in the second direction by the turning member 325. The pulling element 321 is connected to the limiting element 315, the pulling element 321 drives the limiting element 315 to rotate and move toward a side close to the pulling element 32, the second elastic element 316 starts to stretch and accumulate force, because the rotating latch 311 is latched to the limiting element 315, when the rotating latch 311 moves upward for a certain distance along with the rotation of the limiting element 315 in the moving process of the limiting element 315, the rotating latch 311 gradually disengages from the limiting element 315 in the upward rotation and clockwise rotation processes of the rotating latch 311, the first elastic element 314 resets and applies an elastic force to the rotating latch 311, the rotating latch 311 starts to rotate counterclockwise by the first rotating shaft 313 under the elastic action of the first elastic element 314 until the rotating latch 311 is no longer under the action of the first elastic element 314, and at this time, the engaging groove 3111 of the rotating latch coincides with the first opening 3121 on the housing 312 and the second 31221 on the cover 3122. When the battery pack 100 is locked, the external device 400 drives the battery pack 100 to slowly descend, the lock connecting member 21 enters the slot 3111 of the rotating buckle 311 through the first opening 3121 and the second opening 31221, and drives the rotating buckle 311 to rotate to a closed state, and the first elastic member 314 starts to stretch and store force; the external device 400 is separated from the push-pull member 322 and releases the acting force applied to the push-pull member 322, the second elastic member 316 resets and applies an elastic acting force to the limiting member 315, and drives the limiting member 315 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 317 towards the rotating buckle 311 so as to limit the rotating buckle 311, so that the limiting member 315 keeps limiting the rotating buckle 311 when not subjected to an external force, and the whole process of locking the battery pack 100 on the electric vehicle is completed. When the battery pack 100 is unlocked, the external device 400 drives the battery pack 100 to be lifted continuously, and the lock connection member 21 is separated from the slot 3111 of the rotation buckle 311 through the first opening 3121 and the second opening 31221, so that the whole process of unlocking the battery pack 100 in the electric vehicle is completed.

Preferably, the locking mechanisms 300 are at least distributed at two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, the locking mechanisms 300 at two sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11 are symmetrically arranged, the locking connecting pieces 21 are correspondingly arranged and matched with the locking mechanisms 300, and correspondingly, the locking connecting pieces 21 are at least symmetrically arranged at two opposite sides of the battery pack bracket 200. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, four sets of locking mechanisms 300 are symmetrically disposed on two opposite sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, and each side is provided with two sets of locking mechanisms 300, each set of locking mechanisms 300 includes two locking mechanisms 300, and the locking mechanisms 300 are disposed at four corner edges of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, so that stability and stability of the battery pack 100 for locking or unlocking the electric vehicle are ensured, and the installation direction of the battery pack 100 for the battery pack frame 11 is not limited. In addition, the number and distribution of the locking mechanisms 300 may be selected as desired, as long as stable locking of the battery pack is ensured.

In other embodiments, the locking mechanism 300 may be provided on the battery pack bracket 200, and the lock connector 21 may be provided on the battery pack 100, so that the unlocking or locking of the battery pack 100 can be achieved as well.

Example 2

The embodiment provides an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. The electric vehicle comprises the battery pack 100 and the battery pack bracket 200 in the embodiment 1, the battery pack bracket 200 is installed on the electric vehicle, the battery pack 100 is connected to the electric vehicle through the battery pack bracket 200, and the weight of the battery pack 100 can completely act on the battery pack bracket 200, so that the connection between the battery pack 100 and the electric vehicle is reliable, and the stable running of the electric vehicle is ensured.

The battery pack bracket 200 is provided with a lock connector 21, and the lock connector 21 is matched with the locking mechanism 300 of the battery pack 100 to unlock or lock the battery pack 100. As shown in fig. 14 to 15, the lock connector 21 includes a lock shaft and support frames 213, the support frames 213 are disposed at both ends of the lock shaft, and both ends of the lock shaft are respectively fixed to the support frames 213 at both sides. When the battery pack 100 is locked, the lock shaft enters the notch 3111 of the rotation buckle 311 through the first opening 3121 and the second opening 31221, and the battery pack is locked to the electric vehicle. When unlocking, the lock shaft is separated from the card slot 3111 of the rotating buckle 311 through the first opening 3121 and the second opening 31221, and the battery pack 100 is unlocked from the electric vehicle.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the lock shaft includes a shaft 211 and a shaft sleeve 212, the two support frames 213 are disposed at two ends of the shaft 211, and are respectively a first support frame (the support frame 213 located at the inner side in fig. 15) and a second support frame (the support frame 213 located at the outer side in fig. 15), and are connected to the shaft 211, one end of the shaft 211 is in a boss structure and abuts against the outer wall of the first support frame through the boss structure, the other end of the shaft 211 sequentially penetrates through the first support frame and the second support frame, and is connected to the outer wall of the second support frame through fasteners such as bolts (see fig. 15), so that two ends of the shaft 211 are connected to two sides of the two support frames 213, which are deviated from the two support frames, of the shaft 211 is connected to the battery pack bracket 200 through the support frames 213 at two sides. As shown in fig. 16, the shaft sleeve 212 is rotatably sleeved on the shaft rod 211 to facilitate the connection between the locking mechanism 300 and the lock connector 21, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the connection between the two. The surface of the shaft sleeve 212 is provided with an inward recessed rectangular groove for embedding a rubber strip (not shown in the figure), and the rubber strip protrudes out of the surface of the shaft sleeve 212 or is flush with the surface of the shaft sleeve 212, so that the buffer effect is realized, and the integrity of the lock connecting piece 21 is also protected. Axle sleeve 212 has the guard action to axostylus axostyle 211, and axle sleeve 212 will rotate the roll on axostylus axostyle 211, reduces the friction between lock axle and the rotatory buckle 311, and the cushioning material such as adhesive tape is filled in the recess 2121 on axle sleeve 212 surface, can realize the buffering, has effectively reduced the wearing and tearing of lock axle, increase of service life. In other embodiments, other grooves with any shape can be arranged on the surface of the shaft sleeve 212 for the purpose of accommodating buffer materials such as rubber strips.

The plurality of lock connecting pieces 21 are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the battery pack bracket 200 at least, the lock connecting pieces 21 are arranged corresponding to the locking mechanisms 300, and the lock connecting pieces 21 are matched with the locking mechanisms 300, so that the stability and stability of the battery pack 100 for locking or unlocking the electric vehicle are ensured. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, four sets of lock connectors 21 are symmetrically disposed at opposite sides of the battery pack bracket 200, and two sets of lock connectors 21 are disposed at each side, each set of lock connectors 21 including two lock connectors 21. Correspondingly, four sets of locking mechanisms 300 are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the bottom of the battery pack frame 11, and two sets of locking mechanisms 300 are arranged on each side, wherein each set of locking mechanisms 300 comprises two locking mechanisms 300. The four sets of lock connectors 21 are respectively matched with the four sets of locking mechanisms 300, so that the stability and stability of the battery pack 100 in locking or unlocking relative to the electric vehicle are ensured. In other embodiments, the number and distribution of the lock connectors 21 and the locking mechanism 300 may be selected as desired, so long as stable locking of the battery pack is ensured.

Heavy card trades electricity locking mechanism 300 fast through the locking mechanism 300 at battery package 100 and the lock connecting piece 21 of battery package bracket 200, has easily realized heavily the installation locking of calorie quick change battery package 100, and under the condition that satisfies heavy card use, the structure is light and handy, and low cost is favorable to heavily the popularization and use that the card trades the electricity fast.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a locking method and an unlocking method using the locking mechanism 300 of embodiments 1 and 2 described above, the locking mechanism 300 being provided on the battery pack frame 11 of the battery pack 100.

As shown in fig. 17, a locking method specifically includes the following steps:

s11, controlling the external device 400 to contact with the traction assembly 32 of the locking mechanism 300 and drive the traction assembly 32 to ascend, further driving the rotary buckle 311 to rotate to an open state, controlling the external device 400 to drive the battery pack 100 to descend, and controlling the lock connecting piece 21 on the electric vehicle to enter the clamping groove 3111 of the rotary buckle 311 and drive the rotary buckle 311 to rotate to a closed state;

and S12, controlling the external device 400 to descend, so that the external device 400 is separated from the traction assembly 32, and the traction assembly 32 is reset downwards, so that the battery pack 100 is locked relative to the electric vehicle.

As shown in fig. 18, the unlocking method specifically includes the following steps:

s21, controlling the external device 400 to move below the traction assembly 32 of the locking mechanism 300;

s22, controlling the external device 400 to lift, driving the traction assembly 32 of the locking mechanism 300 to lift, further driving the rotary buckle 311 to rotate to an open state, controlling the external device 400 to drive the battery pack 100 to lift, and separating the rotary buckle 311 from the lock connecting piece 21 on the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack 100 is unlocked relative to the electric vehicle;

and S23, controlling the external device 400 to continue to lift, and taking the battery pack 100 out of the electric vehicle.

By the locking method and the unlocking method, the battery pack 100 can be easily installed and locked for the heavy-duty card and the quick-change battery pack has the advantages of light structure and low cost under the condition of meeting the use requirement of the heavy-duty card, and is favorable for popularization and use of quick battery change of the heavy-duty card.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. The locking mechanism is used for locking a battery pack on an electric vehicle and is characterized by comprising a locking assembly and a traction assembly, wherein the locking assembly is in transmission connection with the traction assembly and comprises a rotary buckle, a clamping groove is formed in the rotary buckle, and the traction assembly is used for driving the rotary buckle to be switched from a closed state to an open state while being lifted by external equipment, so that the battery pack is unlocked relative to the electric vehicle.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking assembly cooperates with a lock connector on the electric vehicle to unlock or lock the battery pack, the lock connector being locked within the slot when the rotating catch is in the closed position; when the rotary buckle is in an opening state, the lock connecting piece can be separated from the clamping groove.

3. The latch mechanism according to claim 2, wherein said rotating catch rotates from said open position to said closed position under the influence of said lock link.

4. The locking mechanism of claim 3, wherein the locking assembly further comprises:

the rotary buckle is rotatably connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft, and the position of the rotary buckle relative to the shell comprises a closed state and an open state;

the first elastic piece is connected to the rotating buckle and can apply acting force to the rotating buckle, wherein the acting force moves from the closed state to the open state.

5. The locking mechanism of claim 4, wherein the locking assembly further comprises:

the limiting piece is used for limiting the position of the rotating buckle relative to the shell so as to keep the rotating buckle in the closed state, the limiting piece is connected with the traction assembly, and the traction assembly can drive the limiting piece to move and remove the limitation on the rotating buckle;

and/or the shell is provided with an opening which is matched with the clamping groove, so that the lock connecting piece enters the clamping groove through the opening.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein the locking assembly further comprises:

the second elastic piece is connected with the limiting piece and can apply acting force to the limiting piece to enable the limiting piece to move towards the rotating buckle;

and/or, the locating part is rotationally connected to the shell through a second rotating shaft, and the traction assembly can drive the locating part to rotate relative to the shell.

7. The locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein the locking assembly further comprises: the stop piece is used for limiting the position of the stop piece relative to the shell, and the stop piece are matched to limit the rotation of the rotary buckle;

the blocking piece comprises a limiting pin, and the limiting pin is fixed on the shell;

or, be equipped with the baffle on the casing, it passes through to block the piece the baffle forms with the mode that the panel beating was bent.

8. The locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein the pulling assembly comprises a pulling member, the pulling member is connected to the position-limiting member, a pulling end of the pulling member is moved in a first direction by the external device and drives the position-limiting member to move in a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction.

9. The locking mechanism of claim 8, wherein the pulling assembly further comprises a push-pull member disposed at the pulling end of the pulling member, the push-pull member configured to move the pulling member under the influence of an external device.

10. The locking mechanism of claim 9, further comprising a guide for guiding the push-pull member;

and/or the locking mechanism further comprises a limit stop, and the limit stop is used for accommodating the push-pull piece and limiting the displacement of the push-pull piece.

11. The locking mechanism of claim 10, wherein the lower surface of the limit stop forms a force application surface for the external device to lift the battery pack, and the push-pull member protrudes from the lower surface of the limit stop and can be moved by the external device until the external device contacts the lower surface of the limit stop.

12. The latch mechanism of claim 8, wherein the traction assembly further comprises a steering member disposed at an angle between the first direction and the second direction, the steering member being adapted to change the drive direction of the traction member;

the steering part comprises a steering gear, and the steering gear is respectively connected with the traction part and the limiting part;

or, the steering part comprises a pulley, and the traction part is wound on a rolling surface of the pulley and connected to the limiting part.

13. A battery pack, comprising the locking mechanism of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the locking mechanism is disposed on a battery pack frame of the battery pack, and the locking mechanism is disposed on at least two sides of a bottom of the battery pack frame.

14. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, contains the battery pack of claim 13, the electric vehicle is provided with a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is provided with a lock connecting piece, and the lock connecting piece is matched with the locking mechanism for locking or unlocking.

15. The electric vehicle of claim 14, wherein the lock connector comprises a shaft and a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the shaft, the shaft sleeve is provided with a groove, and the groove is used for embedding a buffer material to achieve a buffering effect.

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