CN217717432U - Optical detection component and optical detection system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种光学检测组件及光学检测系统,属于光学检测设备领域。光学检测组件,包括:光探测器,用于检测光信号;光收集单元,用于收集光信号并将收集的光信号投射在光探测器上;挡直光阑,设置在光收集单元之前;小孔光阑,设置在光收集单元及光探测器之间;其中,光收集单元为非球面透镜。光学检测系统,包括:流动室,用于被检测的血细胞通过;前光组件,用于产生激光束并聚焦于流动室,形成前向散射光、侧向散射光及侧向荧光;侧向检测组件,用于检测侧向散射光及侧向荧光;以及前向检测组件,为上述的光学检测组件,用于检测前向散射光。本实用新型能够避免产生球差、像散问题,提高对血细胞的检测精度。
The utility model provides an optical detection component and an optical detection system, which belong to the field of optical detection equipment. an optical detection assembly, comprising: a light detector for detecting light signals; a light collection unit for collecting light signals and projecting the collected light signals on the light detector; a blocking diaphragm, arranged before the light collection unit; The aperture diaphragm is arranged between the light collection unit and the light detector; wherein, the light collection unit is an aspherical lens. An optical detection system, including: a flow chamber for the detected blood cells to pass through; a front light assembly for generating a laser beam and focusing it on the flow chamber to form forward scattered light, side scattered light and side fluorescence; side detection a component for detecting side scattered light and side fluorescence; and a forward detection component, which is the above-mentioned optical detection component, for detecting forward scattered light. The utility model can avoid the problems of spherical aberration and astigmatism, and improve the detection accuracy of blood cells.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于光学检测设备领域,特别是涉及一种光学检测组件及光学检测系统。The utility model belongs to the field of optical detection equipment, in particular to an optical detection component and an optical detection system.
背景技术Background technique
现有的血细胞分析仪中,通常采用激光散射荧光染色法对细胞进行分类和计数。其用激光器作为光源,经透镜准直聚焦后照射流动室内荧光标记的细胞,产生前向散射光、侧向散射光和侧向荧光。In existing hematology analyzers, the laser light scattering fluorescence staining method is usually used to classify and count the cells. It uses a laser as a light source, collimates and focuses the lens to irradiate the fluorescently labeled cells in the flow chamber to generate forward scattered light, side scattered light and side fluorescence.
前向散射光反应细胞体积大小,前向散射光反应细胞内的复杂程度,侧向荧光反应细胞内核酸含量,核酸包括脱氧核糖核酸及核糖核酸。散射光经过光学检测组件置转换为电信号,对电信号进行分析可实现对血细胞的分类。目前,光学检测组件大多采用球面透镜或球面透镜组对前向散射光信号进行收集并会聚,然后进行探测。球面透镜受制于其本身的结构,对前向散射光进行会聚时容易产生球差、像散等问题。Forward scattered light reflects the size of the cell, forward scattered light reflects the complexity of the cell, and side fluorescence reflects the content of nucleic acid in the cell. Nucleic acid includes deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. The scattered light is converted into an electrical signal by the optical detection component, and the analysis of the electrical signal can realize the classification of blood cells. At present, most optical detection components use spherical lenses or spherical lens groups to collect and converge forward scattered light signals, and then detect them. Due to its own structure, the spherical lens is prone to problems such as spherical aberration and astigmatism when converging forward scattered light.
实用新型内容Utility model content
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种光学检测组件及光学检测系统,用于解决现有技术中光学检测组件中容易产生球差、像散等问题。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an optical detection component and an optical detection system, which are used to solve the problems of spherical aberration and astigmatism in the optical detection component in the prior art.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的,本实用新型提供一种光学检测组件,包括:In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the utility model provides an optical detection component, including:
光探测器,用于检测光信号;a light detector for detecting light signals;
光收集单元,用于收集光信号并将收集的光信号投射在所述光探测器上;a light collecting unit for collecting light signals and projecting the collected light signals onto the light detector;
挡直光阑,设置在所述光收集单元之前,用于筛选进入所述光收集单元的光信号;a straight blocking diaphragm, arranged before the light collection unit, for screening the light signal entering the light collection unit;
小孔光阑,设置在所述光收集单元及所述光探测器之间,用于过滤所述光收集单元投射在所述光探测器上的光信号;A small aperture diaphragm, arranged between the light collection unit and the photodetector, is used to filter the light signal projected by the light collection unit on the photodetector;
其中,所述光收集单元为非球面透镜。Wherein, the light collecting unit is an aspheric lens.
可选地,所述光收集单元具有入射面及出射面,所述入射面为平面或凸面,所述出射面为凸面。Optionally, the light collecting unit has an incident surface and an outgoing surface, the incident surface is a plane or a convex surface, and the outgoing surface is a convex surface.
可选地,所述入射面的表面反射率≤0.1%。Optionally, the surface reflectance of the incident surface is ≤0.1%.
可选地,所述入射面的表面反射率≤0.05%。Optionally, the surface reflectance of the incident surface is ≤0.05%.
可选地,所述光收集单元的焦距为5mm~13mm。Optionally, the focal length of the light collection unit is 5mm-13mm.
可选地,所述光收集单元的焦距为7mm~11mm。Optionally, the focal length of the light collection unit is 7mm-11mm.
可选地,所述光收集单元的通光孔径>3mm,所述光收集单元的数值孔径>0.2。Optionally, the clear aperture of the light collection unit is >3mm, and the numerical aperture of the light collection unit is >0.2.
可选地,所述光收集单元的通光孔径>5mm,所述光收集单元的数值孔径>0.25。Optionally, the clear aperture of the light collection unit is >5mm, and the numerical aperture of the light collection unit is >0.25.
可选地,所述光收集单元为偶次非球面透镜。Optionally, the light collecting unit is an even-order aspheric lens.
可选地,所述光收集单元与所述挡直光阑之间的间距<1mm。Optionally, the distance between the light collecting unit and the straight blocking diaphragm is <1mm.
可选地,所述挡直光阑筛选入射角度在上限及下限之间的光信号进入所述光收集单元,所述下限为1°,所述上限≥5°。Optionally, the straight blocking diaphragm screens light signals whose incident angles are between an upper limit and a lower limit to enter the light collection unit, the lower limit being 1°, and the upper limit ≥ 5°.
可选地,所述上限≥9°。Optionally, the upper limit ≥ 9°.
可选地,所述小孔光阑具第一通孔及第二通孔,所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔均为长条形,所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔相交,所述第一通孔的长度≥3mm,所述第一通孔的宽度≤1.5mm。Optionally, the aperture diaphragm has a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are elongated, the first through hole and the second through hole Two through holes intersect each other, the length of the first through hole is ≥3 mm, and the width of the first through hole is ≤1.5 mm.
可选地,所述第一通孔的长度≥5mm,所述第一通孔的宽度≤1mm。Optionally, the length of the first through hole is ≥5 mm, and the width of the first through hole is ≤1 mm.
可选地,所述非球面透镜为1个Optionally, the aspheric lens is one
本实用新型还提供一种光学检测系统,包括:The utility model also provides an optical detection system, comprising:
流动室,用于被检测的血细胞通过;a flow chamber for the passage of blood cells to be tested;
前光组件,用于产生激光束并将所述激光束沿第一方向上聚焦于所述流动室,沿第一方向形成前向散射光,沿第二方向形成侧向散射光及侧向荧光,所述第一方向与所述第二方向相交;The front light assembly is used to generate a laser beam and focus the laser beam on the flow chamber along a first direction, form forward scattered light along the first direction, and form side scattered light and side fluorescence along the second direction , the first direction intersects the second direction;
侧向检测组件,用于检测所述侧向散射光及所述侧向荧光;以及a side detection component for detecting the side scattered light and the side fluorescence; and
前向检测组件,为上述的光学检测组件,用于检测所述前向散射光。The forward detection component is the above-mentioned optical detection component, which is used to detect the forward scattered light.
如上所述,本实用新型提供的一种光学检测组件及光学检测系统,具有以下有益效果:由于设置有光收集单元,光收集单元为非球面透镜,相较于球面透镜,非球面透镜能够避免球面透镜会聚散射光而产生的球差、像散问题,提高对血细胞的检测精度。挡直光阑,设置在所述光收集单元之前,能够筛选进入所述光收集单元的光信号,减少直射光,避免直射光进入光探测器导致信号饱和。同时,小孔光阑设置在所述光收集单元及所述光探测器之间,能够过滤所述光收集单元投射在所述光探测器上的光信号,避免杂光对光探测器的干扰,提升光探测器的检测质量。As mentioned above, an optical detection component and an optical detection system provided by the utility model have the following beneficial effects: since the light collection unit is provided, and the light collection unit is an aspheric lens, compared with the spherical lens, the aspheric lens can avoid The spherical lens converges the spherical aberration and astigmatism caused by the scattered light to improve the detection accuracy of blood cells. The straight blocking diaphragm is arranged before the light collection unit, and can filter the light signal entering the light collection unit, reduce the direct light, and prevent the direct light from entering the light detector to cause signal saturation. At the same time, the small aperture diaphragm is arranged between the light collection unit and the light detector, which can filter the light signal projected by the light collection unit on the light detector, and avoid the interference of stray light on the light detector , to improve the detection quality of the photodetector.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例中的光学检测系统结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection system in an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型实施例中挡直光阑的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a straight stop diaphragm in an embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本实用新型实施例中光收集单元的结构示意图其一。Fig. 3 is the first structural diagram of the light collection unit in the embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本实用新型实施例中光收集单元的结构示意图其二。Fig. 4 is the second structural diagram of the light collection unit in the embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本实用新型实施例中小孔光阑的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the aperture diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:
激光器1、准直镜2、整形透镜组3、挡直光阑4、光收集单元5、小孔光阑6、光探测器7、侧向收集透镜8、二色镜9、侧向散射探测组件10、侧向荧光检测组件11、前光组件101、光隔离组件102、流动室103、前向检测组件104和侧向检测组件105、挡光条401、光阑孔402、入射面501、出射面502、第一通孔601、第二通孔602。
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本实用新型的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本实用新型的其他优点及功效。The implementation of the present utility model is illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.
请参阅图1至图5。须知,本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等,均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容,以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读,并非用以限定本实用新型可实施的限定条件,故不具技术上的实质意义,任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整,在不影响本实用新型所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下,均应仍落在本实用新型所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时,本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语,亦仅为便于叙述的明了,而非用以限定本实用新型可实施的范围,其相对关系的改变或调整,在无实质变更技术内容下,当亦视为本实用新型可实施的范畴。See Figures 1 through 5. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation of the utility model Therefore, it has no technical substantive meaning. Any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of The technical content disclosed by the utility model must be within the scope covered. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit this specification. The applicable scope of the utility model and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the applicable scope of the utility model if there is no substantial change in the technical content.
如图1~图5所示,本实施例提供一种光学检测组件,包括光探测器7、光收集单元5、挡直光阑4及挡直光阑4。光探测器7用于检测光信号,光收集单元5为非球面透镜,用于收集光信号并将收集的光信号投射在光探测器7上。挡直光阑4设置在光收集单元5之前,用于筛选进入光收集单元5的光信号。小孔光阑6设置在光收集单元5及光探测器7之间,用于过滤光收集单元5投射在光探测器7上的光信号。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , the present embodiment provides an optical detection assembly, including a
光收集单元5采用非球面透镜,相较于球面透镜,非球面透镜能够避免散射光进行会聚而产生的球差、像散问题,提高对血细胞的检测精度。The
一些实施例中,光收集单元5采用两个或两个以上的非球面透镜,或采用球面透镜和非球面透镜组合。本实施例中,光收集单元5用于收集前向低角度内的散射光信号并聚焦在前向探测器位置处,光收集单元5为非球面透镜,数量为1个。相比较球面透镜的实施例,本实施例采用非球面镜,能有效改善球面镜带来的球差、像散问题,更有利于前向光路调试,使光学检测系统更容易达到理想的状态。同时,采用单个非球面镜,光路系统比较简单,在节约成本的基础上,有利于光学检测系统的小型化。而且采用单个非球面透镜后,光学检测组件的机械结构更加简单,对机械结构精度以及光路调试要求更低。In some embodiments, the
本实施例中,挡直光阑4设置在所述光收集单元5之前,能够筛选进入所述光收集单元5的光信号,减少直射光,避免直射光信号进入光探测器7而导致信号饱和。同时,小孔光阑6设置在所述光收集单元5及所述光探测器7之间,能够过滤掉所述光收集单元5向所述光探测器7投射的光信号中的杂散光,避免杂散光对光探测器7的干扰,提升光探测器7的检测质量。In this embodiment, the
如图3所示,光收集单元5具有入射面501及出射面502。入射面501的表面反射率≤0.1%,以减小对入射光信号的反射,从而降低反射光对光源稳定性的影响。本实施例中,入射面501的表面反射率≤0.05%,例如0.04%,以进一步降低反射光对光源稳定性的影响。As shown in FIG. 3 , the
一些实施例中入射面501为平面,出射面502为凸面。挡直光阑4与入射面501配合,将筛选后的光信号由入射面501进入光收集单元5。相较于凸面,入射面501为平面的光收集单元5的厚度更小,有利于减小光学检测组件的尺寸。同时,光收集单元5通常采用胶水交接固定,胶水通常先涂覆在光收集单元5上,然后粘接固定。当胶水涂挤在入射面501上时,如果入射面501为凸面,则胶水容易流走,而如果入射面501为平面,则胶水能够较好地停留在入射面501上,便于光收集单元5的安装。In some embodiments, the
如图4所示,另一实施例中入射面501和出射面502均为凸面,当入射面501为凸面,光入射时,凸面产生的大部分反射光会偏离入射方向,将少反射光沿入射方向原路返回前光组件101中,从而减小反射光对光源稳定性的影响。As shown in Figure 4, in another embodiment, both the
为了缩短光学检测组件的光路尺寸,非球面透镜的焦距在5mm~13mm之间。本实施例中,非球面透镜的焦距范围为7mm~11mm。同时,非球面透镜入射面501与挡直光阑4之间的距离小于1mm。进行以进一步降低光学检测组件的光路尺寸。In order to shorten the size of the optical path of the optical detection component, the focal length of the aspheric lens is between 5 mm and 13 mm. In this embodiment, the focal length of the aspheric lens ranges from 7 mm to 11 mm. At the same time, the distance between the
具体的,本实施例中,光收集单元5的焦距在7mm~11mm之间,例如8mm。Specifically, in this embodiment, the focal length of the
一些实施例中,光收集单元5的数值孔径需要>0.2,光收集单元5的通光孔径>3mm,以保证透过挡直光阑4的散射光被有效接收并聚焦到光探测器7的位置上。本实施例中,光收集单元5的数值孔径>0.25,例如0.3,光收集单元5的通光孔径>5mm,例如6mm。以进一步增加光收集单元5的的散射光接收范围。In some embodiments, the numerical aperture of the
一些实施例中,光收集单元5采用偶次非球面透镜,偶次非球面透镜相较于奇次非球面透镜,加工更加简单,有效降低非球面透镜的加工成本。In some embodiments, the
挡直光阑4能够将入射角度在上限及下限之间的光信号筛选进入光收集单元5。一些实施例中,下限为1°,上限≥5°下限以内的光信号为直射光,如果直射光进入光收集单元5,将导致光探测器7的光信号饱和,影响检测结果。而上限应尽量提高,至少不小于5°本实施例中,上限≥9°,例如10°,以尽量增加直射光之外光信号的接收。The
具体的,如图2所示,挡直光阑4包括圆形的光阑孔402及设置在光阑孔402中间的挡光条401,光阑孔402为圆形设计,能够对低角度的前向散射光信号进行选择接收,例如对10°以内的散射光进行选择接收。挡光条401能够阻挡激光束照射流动室103后在低角度方向,如1°以内的直射光,防止前向信号饱和。同时,挡光条401经过哑光发黑处理,能够将直射光吸收或漫反射,防止直射光返回前光组件101,影响光学检测系统的稳定性。Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the
如图5所示,小孔光阑6具第一通孔601及第二通孔602,第一通孔601及第二通孔602均为长条形,第一通孔601与所述第二通孔602相交,第一光收集组件集聚的光信号可以通过第一通孔601及第二通孔602投射在光探测器7上,第一通孔601及第二通孔602外的杂光被过滤。本实施例中,第一通孔601及第二通孔602均为腰孔,第一通孔601与第二通孔602在彼此中点相交且互相垂直。一些实施例中,第一通孔601为长条形,第一通孔601的长度≥3mm,第一通孔601的宽度≤1.5mm,以使需要的低角度散射光能够全部通过小孔光阑6,同时起到阻挡杂散光的目的,保证对前向微小的光信号的有效识别。本实施例中,第一通孔601的长度≥5mm,例如6mm。第一通孔601的宽度≤1mm,例如0.7mm。以进一步提升第一通孔601对第一光收集组件集聚的光信号的筛选过滤能力。As shown in Figure 5, the
如图1所示,本实施例还提供一种光学检测系统,包括流动室103、前光组件101、侧向检测组件及前向检测组件。As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment also provides an optical detection system, including a
流动室103用于被检测的血细胞通过,血细胞通过流动室103时逐一通过,便于分析检测。前光组件101用于产生激光束并将激光束沿第一方向上聚焦于流动室103,激光束聚焦于流道室内后,沿第一方向形成前向散射光,沿第二方向形成侧向散射光及侧向荧光。一些实施例中,第一方向与第二方向相交。本实施例中,第一方向与第二方向垂直。侧向检测组件用于检测侧向散射光及侧向荧光。前向检测组件为上述的光学检测组件,用于检测前向散射光。The
一些实施例中,前光组件101包括激光器1、准直镜2、整形透镜组3,激光器1产生的激光经过准直镜2后,形成平行光,再经过整形透镜组3后,使激光束照射于流动室103处,照射被检测的血细胞,然后产生前向散射光、侧向散射光和侧向荧光。In some embodiments, the front
前光组件101的激光器1,其输出激光的波长为620nm~650nm,输出激光光斑形态为椭圆形。激光器1输出的激光经过准直透镜后,形成光斑为椭圆形的平行光。平行光入射到整形透镜组3,通过整形透镜的作用,使光斑在流动室103位置处达到合适的大小形态。The
具体的,平行光的入射方向为Z向,侧向散射光和侧向荧光的发射方向为垂直于Z向的Y向,同时垂直于Y向及Z向的方向为X向。本实施例中小孔光阑6的第一通孔601沿X向设置,小孔光阑6的第二通孔602沿Y向设置。当流动室103内的细胞通过检测区域时,平行光的光斑尺寸能够保证在X向上覆盖流动室103内的样本,在Y方向上照射单个细胞时产生散射光。本实施例中,平行光在流动室103位置处的光斑在在Y向上的尺寸位于5μm~20μm之间,例如12μm。在X向的尺寸>150μm,例如175μm。Specifically, the incident direction of the parallel light is the Z direction, the emission direction of the side scattered light and the side fluorescent light is the Y direction perpendicular to the Z direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y direction and the Z direction is the X direction. In this embodiment, the first through
一些实施例中,在前光组件101和流动室103之间,还安装有光隔离组件102,即光隔离器。光隔离组件102能通过对入射光和反射光偏转态的变化,阻止流动室103以及其他器件表面的反射光返回激光器1中,影响激光器1的稳定性,导致光学检测系统灵敏度降低。In some embodiments, between the front
侧向检测组件包括侧向收集透镜8、二色镜9、侧向散射探测组件10和侧向荧光检测组件11,侧向检测组件能够对侧向散射光以及侧向荧光进行探测收集。侧向散射检测组件和侧向荧光检测组件11共用侧向收集透镜8,使高角度散射光以及荧光经过收集透镜后聚焦到检测组件完成检测。二色镜9用于将侧向散射光和侧向荧光区分,具体的,入射进入二色镜9的光信号包括侧向散射光及侧向荧光,其中,侧向散射光与光源激光波长一致,侧向荧光比光源激光器1产生激光的波长更长。因此,二色镜9能够将侧向散射光反射进入侧向散射探测组件10。侧向散射探测组件10能够根据侧向散射光信号的大小、脉冲宽度参数,获取反映细胞内的复杂程度信息。同时,二色镜9允许侧向荧光透射穿过,进入侧向荧光探测组件中,侧向荧光探测组件能够根据荧光信号的大小、强度和脉冲宽度,获取反映细胞内核酸含量信息。The side detection component includes a
综上所述,本实施例提供的一种光学检测组件及光学检测系统,挡直光阑4,设置在光收集单元5之前,能够筛选进入光收集单元5的光信号,减少直射光,避免直射光信号进入光探测器导致光信号饱和。同时,小孔光阑6设置在光收集单元5及光探测器7之间,能够过滤掉光收集单元5投射在光探测器7上的光信号中的杂散光,避免杂散光对光探测器7的干扰,提升光探测器7的检测质量。光收集单元5为非球面透镜,非球面透镜能够避免球面透镜会聚散射光而产生的球差、像散问题,提高对血细胞的检测精度。同时,采用非球面镜光路系统比较简单,在节约成本的基础上,有利于光学检测系统的小型化。而且采用单个非球面透镜后,光学检测组件的机械结构更加简单,对机械结构精度以及光路调试要求更低,更有利于前向光路调试,使光学检测系统更容易达到理想的状态。To sum up, in the optical detection component and optical detection system provided by this embodiment, the
上述实施例仅例示性说明本实用新型的原理及其功效,而非用于限制本实用新型。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本实用新型的精神及范畴下,对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此,举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本实用新型所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变,仍应由本实用新型的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the present utility model. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the utility model should still be covered by the claims of the utility model.
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