CN217691766U - Flat belt and terminal insertion structure and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a bandlet and plug-in structure and motor vehicle of terminal relates to electrical connection element's technical field, and this bandlet includes with the plug-in structure of terminal: a flat band and a plug terminal; the flat belt is provided with a plug-in part, the plug-in terminal comprises at least one terminal lamination, the terminal lamination is provided with a plug-in end and a connecting end, the connecting end is used for being connected with a cable, and the plug-in part is in plug-in fit with the plug-in end. Through the utility model discloses, the bandlet need pass through the technical problem that copper terminal could be connected with other terminals to have been solved.

Description

Flat belt and terminal insertion structure and motor vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electrical connection element's technical field especially relates to a bandlet and plug structure and motor vehicle of terminal.

Background

In the field of electrical connection, copper wire connection has become more and more costly, and people are looking for a material with lower cost and excellent conductivity to replace copper. Aluminum, as a metal with better conductivity, can be used as a substitute material for copper materials and is more applied to the field of electrical connection.

In some use environments with low requirements on the flexibility of the cable, the solid flat belt can be used for replacing a multi-core cable, and the installation is convenient. However, since aluminum is an active metal and has a dense oxide film on its surface, it is generally necessary to connect a copper terminal to an end of an aluminum flat tape for plug-in connection with another terminal without making aluminum metal into a plug-in connector.

Because the potential difference between copper and aluminum is large and electrochemical corrosion is easy to occur, friction welding, ultrasonic welding and the like are usually adopted between the aluminum flat belt and the copper terminal, the process is complex, and the processing cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a bandlet and grafting structure and motor vehicle of terminal to solve the bandlet and need just can be connected with other terminals or power consumption device through the copper terminal technical problem.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a bandlet and grafting structure of terminal, include: a flat band and a plug terminal;

the flat belt is provided with an inserting part,

the plug terminal comprises at least one terminal lamination having a plug end for connection with a cable and a connection end configured to be plug-fitted with the plug end.

In a preferred embodiment, the plug-in part is provided with a transition layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the transition layer is attached to the surface of the insertion part by one or more of electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, pressure welding, diffusion welding, friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding or laser welding.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer is from 0.3 μm to 3000 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer is from 2.5 μm to 1000 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the transition layer contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, tin, titanium, chromium, gold, silver, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the plug terminal comprises a plurality of the terminal laminations, which are stacked.

In a preferred embodiment, the insertion end is provided with at least two connecting arms, and an insertion groove is arranged between two adjacent connecting arms.

In a preferred embodiment, the gap between the connecting arms of two adjacent terminal laminations is less than 0.2mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting arm is made of a memory alloy at least partially.

In a preferred embodiment, the transformation temperature of the memory alloy is 40-70 ℃, and the connecting arms are in an expanded state in the state that the temperature of the connecting arms is lower than the transformation temperature; and under the condition that the temperature of the connecting arms is higher than the transformation temperature, the connecting arms are in a clamping state.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting end is provided with a terminal fixing portion, and one end of each of the connecting arms is fixed to the terminal fixing portion.

In a preferred embodiment, two adjacent terminal fixing portions are connected together by crimping or welding or screwing or riveting or splicing.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting arms of two adjacent terminal laminations are in contact fit with each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner side of the connecting arm is provided with a plurality of protrusions distributed at intervals in the extension direction of the connecting arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the attachment end includes a bent extension disposed in a plane or non-plane, the bend angle being within 0 ° to 180 °.

In a preferred embodiment, the flat band includes a bent portion, and the main body of the flat band and the insertion portion are connected by the bent portion.

In a preferred embodiment, the plug-in part is provided with a chamfer.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal lamination is made of tellurium copper alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the tellurium content in the material of the terminal laminate is 0.1% to 5%.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal lamination is made of beryllium copper alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the beryllium content in the material of the terminal laminate is 0.05% to 5%.

In a preferred embodiment, the beryllium content in the material of the terminal laminate is 0.1% to 3.5%.

In a preferred embodiment, at least the plug end has a coating thereon.

In a preferred embodiment, the coating material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises a base layer and a surface layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the plating layer is provided by electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating.

In a preferred embodiment, the underlayer material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc; the surface material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.01 μm to 12 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the primer layer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 to 50 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 1 to 35 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal laminations have plating on the connecting ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the plating of the mating terminal is different from the plating of the connecting terminal.

In a preferred embodiment, the plating of the plug end and the plating of the connection end have different thicknesses.

In a preferred embodiment, the insertion force between the flat strip and the plug terminal is between 3N and 150N.

In a preferred embodiment, the mating force between the flat strip and the mating terminal is between 10N and 95N.

In a preferred embodiment, the contact resistance between the flat strip and the plug terminal is less than 9m Ω.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the flat band contains aluminum.

The utility model provides a motor vehicle, motor vehicle contains the grafting structure of foretell bandlet and terminal.

The utility model has the characteristics and advantages that:

1. in this grafting structure, the transition layer can reduce to take place electrochemical reaction between bandlet and the plug terminal, solves the bandlet and need just can be connected with other terminals or the technical problem who uses the electric installation through the copper terminal.

2. A plurality of terminal lamination stacks and distributes, and the terminal lamination is easily warp, can peg graft with the bandlet, and the bandlet contacts with the grafting end of terminal lamination, realizes the electricity and connects, can ensure the stability that grafting terminal and bandlet are connected.

3. Through the plug-in structure, the flat belt realizes the function of the terminal and is directly connected with the plug-in terminal; the problems of high cost and low efficiency of the flat belt connecting copper terminal are solved; safe and quick plugging can be realized.

4. The utility model discloses a plug terminal has adopted the tellurium copper alloy, makes the terminal have good electric conductivity and easy cutting performance, guarantees that electrical property also can improve the processing nature, and simultaneously, the elasticity of tellurium copper alloy is also very good.

5. The plug-in terminal of the utility model adopts the plating layer, which can better increase the corrosion resistance, preferably adopts the composite plating layer, can better improve the firmness of the plating layer, and can still ensure the non-shedding and corrosion resistance of the plating layer after a plurality of plug-in and pull-out operations;

6. the utility model discloses a different material and thickness are set for to plug terminal's cladding material, can be through cladding material and the thickness that sets up the different positions of plug terminal to reach and save cladding material, reduce the cost of terminal.

7. The utility model discloses a set up the gap between the overhanging arm, can dispel the heat through the gap to reach the problem of temperature rise between control bandlet and the plug terminal.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1A and fig. 1B are schematic structural views of the insertion structure of the flat belt and the terminal provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the flat band of the plugging structure shown in FIG. 1A;

fig. 3 to fig. 7 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a plug terminal in a plug structure according to the present invention.

The reference numbers indicate:

1. a flat belt; 11. a transition layer; 15. an insulating layer;

12. a plug-in part; 13. chamfering; 14. a bending part;

2. a plug-in terminal;

3. a terminal lamination; 31. a plug end; 32. a connecting end;

33. a connecting arm; 34. inserting grooves; 35. a boss portion; 36. bending the extension part; 37. and a terminal fixing portion.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Scheme one

The utility model provides a flat belt and terminal plugging structure, as shown in figures 1A-3, comprising a flat belt 1 and a plugging terminal 2; the flat belt 1 is provided with a plug part 12, the plug terminal 2 comprises at least one terminal lamination 3, the terminal lamination 3 is provided with a plug end 31 and a connecting end 32, the connecting end 32 is used for being connected with a cable, and the plug part 12 can be matched with the plug end 31 in a plug mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the plug terminal 2 comprises a plurality of terminal laminations, which are arranged one above the other.

In an embodiment, the plug part 12 is provided with a transition layer 11.

In the plug structure, the transition layer 11 can reduce the electrochemical reaction between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2; a plurality of terminal lamination 3 range upon range of distribution, terminal lamination 3 is easily warp, can peg graft with bandlet 1, and bandlet 1 contacts with the grafting end 31 of terminal lamination 3, realizes the electricity and connects, can ensure the stability that plug terminal 2 is connected with bandlet 1. Through the plug-in structure, the flat belt 1 realizes the function of a terminal and is directly connected with the plug-in terminal 2; the problems of high cost and low efficiency of the flat belt 1 for connecting the copper terminal are solved; safe and quick plugging can be realized.

In one embodiment, the transition layer 11 is attached to the surface of the insertion portion 12 by one or more of electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, pressure welding, diffusion welding, friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, or laser welding.

The electroplating method is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of some metals by utilizing the electrolysis principle. The chemical plating method is a deposition process for generating metal through controllable oxidation-reduction reaction under the catalysis of the metal. The magnetron sputtering method is characterized in that electrons spirally run near the surface of a target by utilizing the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric field, so that the probability of generating ions by the electrons colliding with argon is increased. The generated ions collide with the target surface under the action of the electric field so as to sputter the target material. The vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of a plastic part by distillation, sputtering or other modes under a vacuum condition. Pressure welding is a method of applying pressure to a welding material to bring the joining surfaces into close contact with each other to cause a certain plastic deformation, thereby completing the welding. The friction welding method is a method of welding by plastically deforming a workpiece under pressure using heat generated by friction of a contact surface of the workpiece as a heat source. The resistance welding method is a method of welding by using a strong current to pass through a contact point between an electrode and a workpiece and generating heat by a contact resistance. The ultrasonic welding method is a method in which high-frequency vibration waves are transmitted to the surfaces of two objects to be welded, and the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed against each other under pressure to form fusion between the molecular layers. The laser welding method is an efficient and precise welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source. Diffusion welding refers to a solid state welding method in which a workpiece is pressed at a high temperature without visible deformation and relative movement. The transition layer 11 can be stably arranged on the surface of the insertion part 12 by adopting the above modes or the combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer 11 is 0.3 μm to 3000 μm; preferably, the thickness of the transition layer 11 is 2.5 μm to 1000 μm.

In order to test the influence of the thicknesses of the transition layers 11 on the voltage drop, the inventor adopts plug terminals of the same material and structure, respectively arranges the transition layers 11 with different thicknesses on the flat belt, and then tests the voltage drop after plug.

In this embodiment, it is not acceptable that the voltage drop of the insertion structure of the flat ribbon and the terminal is less than 4 mV.

Table 1, effect of different transition layer thicknesses on voltage drop (mV):

as can be seen from the data in table 1, when the thickness of the transition layer 11 is greater than 3000 μm and less than 0.3 μm, the voltage drop of the connection structure of the flat ribbon and the terminal is less than 4mV, which is not a requirement, and the mechanical property and the electrical property of the connection structure are reduced, therefore, the thickness of the transition layer 11 selected by the inventor is 0.3 μm to 3mm. Among them, when the thickness of the transition layer 11 is in the range of 2.5 μm to 1000 μm, the voltage drop of the flat ribbon and terminal plugging structure is the optimum value, and therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of the transition layer 11 is 2.5 μm to 1000 μm.

In one embodiment, the material of the transition layer 11 comprises one or more of nickel, cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, tin, titanium, zinc, chromium, gold, silver, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy

In order to demonstrate the influence of different transition layer 11 materials on the overall performance of the flat belt 1, the inventor uses the same specification and material, adopts plug terminal 2 samples made of different transition layer 11 materials, and uses the flat belt 1 of the same specification to perform a series of plugging times and corrosion resistance time tests, and in order to prove the advantages and disadvantages of the selected material and other common transition layer 11 materials, the inventor also selects tin, nickel and zinc as the transition layer 11 materials of the experiment. The results of the experiment are shown in table 2.

The number of plugging and unplugging times in table 2 is to fix the flat belts 1 on the experiment table respectively, to make the plugging terminals 2 simulate plugging and unplugging by using a mechanical device, and to stop to observe the condition that the transition layer 11 on the surface of the plugging flat belt 1 is damaged every 100 times of plugging and unplugging, and the transition layer 11 of the flat belt 1 is scratched and the material of the flat belt 1 is exposed, so that the experiment is stopped, and the number of plugging and unplugging times at that time is recorded. In this embodiment, the number of plugging times is less than 8000.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 2 is to put the flat belt 1 into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray to each position of the flat belt 1, take out the flat belt 1 every 20 hours, clean and observe the surface corrosion condition, namely a period, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the flat belt 1 is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the period number at that time. In this example, the cycle number is less than 80 times considered as failing.

Table 2, influence of different transition layer materials on the number of times of inserting and pulling the flat strip and the corrosion resistance:

as can be seen from table 2, when the material of the transition layer 11 contains the commonly used metals of tin, nickel and zinc, the experimental results are slightly different from those of the other metals. And the experimental results of other metals are more than the standard value, and the performance is more stable. Therefore, the inventor selects the material of the transition layer 11 to contain one or more of nickel, cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, tin, titanium, chromium, gold, silver, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. More preferably, the material of the transition layer 11 is selected to contain one or more of cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, titanium, chromium, gold, silver, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In one embodiment, the insertion end 31 of the terminal lamination 3 is provided with at least two connecting arms 33, each connecting arm 33 is fixedly connected together, an insertion groove 34 is arranged between two adjacent connecting arms 33, the insertion portion 12 can be inserted into the insertion groove 34 and electrically connected with the connecting arms 33, the insertion portion 12 of the flat belt 1 is clamped through the connecting arms 33, the flat belt 1 and the insertion terminal 2 are fixed together, a large contact area is formed between the flat belt 1 and the insertion terminal 2, and the reliability of electrical connection is guaranteed. The width of the connecting arm 33 or the number of the terminal laminations 3 is adjusted to control the clamping force, so that the connecting arm is conveniently matched with the flat belt 1, and various plugging requirements are met. As shown in fig. 3 to 4, terminal stack 3 includes two connecting arms 33, a mating groove 34 is formed between two connecting arms 33, and flat band 1 can be mated in mating groove 34. The number of the connecting arms 33 in the terminal lamination 3 may be 3 or more, and the terminal lamination 3 includes a plurality of insertion grooves 34, and a plurality of flat strips 1 are simultaneously inserted and matched with the insertion terminals 2.

In some embodiments, the gap between the connecting arms of two adjacent terminal laminations 3 is less than 0.2mm. Set up the clearance between linking arm 33, an purpose makes adjacent linking arm have the circulation of air, can reduce the temperature rise between bandlet 1 and the plug terminal 2, protects plug structure's transition layer 11 and cladding material, prolongs plug structure's life, and another purpose makes the elasticity of linking arm 33 itself can release, guarantees the clamping-force between the relative linking arm 33, just also can guarantee the grafting power between bandlet 1 and the plug terminal 2. However, the larger the gap between the adjacent connecting arms 33 is, the better, and when the gap between the connecting arms 33 of the two adjacent terminal laminations 3 is larger than 0.2mm, the heat dissipation function is not increased, but the connecting arms 33 with the same contact area occupy a larger width, which wastes the use space. In addition, because the terminal fixing parts are jointed together, the connecting arms with the same contact area consume larger volume of the terminal fixing parts, thereby increasing the using amount of the terminals and increasing the cost of the plug-in structure.

In some embodiments, the connecting arm 33 is at least partially made of a memory alloy. A memory alloy is a memory smart metal whose microstructure has two relatively stable states, at high temperatures the alloy can be brought into any desired shape, at lower temperatures the alloy can be stretched, but if it is reheated it remembers its original shape and returns, the crystal structure of the memory alloy above and below its transformation temperature being different, but the temperature changes above and below the transformation temperature the memory alloy contracts or expands causing its morphology to change.

In some embodiments, the memory alloy has a transformation temperature of 40 ℃ to 70 ℃ and the plurality of connecting arms 33 are in the expanded state in a state where the temperature of the connecting arms 33 is below the transformation temperature; in a state where the temperature of the connection arms 33 is higher than the transformation temperature, the plurality of connection arms 33 are in the clamped state.

Generally, the metamorphosis temperature is selected to be between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃, because if the metamorphosis temperature is lower than 40 ℃, the ambient temperature of the plug terminal 2 can also reach approximately 40 ℃ under the condition of no conducting current, at this time, the connecting arms 33 can be in a clamping state, the plug groove 34 of the plug terminal 2 becomes small, the flat belt 1 cannot be inserted into the plug groove 34, and the plug structure of the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 cannot be plugged, so that the work cannot be performed.

In some embodiments, the memory alloy is a nickel titanium alloy.

At room temperature, the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 start to conduct electricity after being oppositely plugged, and because the connecting arms 33 are in an expansion state when the opposite plugging is started, the contact area between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is small, the current is large, so that the temperature of the connected connecting arms 33 starts to rise, if the abnormal temperature is higher than 70 ℃, the temperature rise time of the terminal is long, the plugging structure of the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is in a large-current state for a long time, electrical aging is easily caused, and the plugging structure of the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is overloaded and damaged in serious cases, so that unnecessary loss is caused.

Therefore, in general, the transformation temperature of the memory alloy is set to be between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃.

In one embodiment, the connecting end 32 is provided with a terminal fixing portion 37, one end of each connecting arm 33 is fixed to the terminal fixing portion 37, and the connecting arm 33 is connected to the cable through the terminal fixing portion 37, so that the stability of the electrical connection is ensured. The terminal fixing portion 37 is connected to the conductive portion of the cable by crimping, welding, screwing, riveting, or splicing.

The structural form of the terminal fixing portion 37 is not limited to one. The first form is as follows: the terminal fixing portion 37 is formed integrally, and one end of each connecting arm 33 is fixed to the terminal fixing portion 37. The second form is: the terminal fixing portion 37 is a part of the connecting arm 33, and in each terminal lamination 3, the terminal fixing portion 37 and the connecting arm 33 are of an integral structure, and a plurality of terminal fixing portions 37 in the plug terminal 2 are stacked.

On the basis of the second form, the inventor makes further improvements: the terminal fixing parts 37 of two adjacent terminal laminations 3 are connected together by crimping, welding, screwing, riveting or splicing, so that the stability of electrical connection is ensured.

Crimping is a production process in which the terminal fixing portion 37 is assembled with the cable or the terminal fixing portions 37 of two adjacent terminal laminations 3, and then the two are punched and pressed into a whole by using a crimping machine. The crimping has an advantage of mass productivity, and a product of stable quality can be rapidly manufactured in a large quantity by using an automatic crimping machine.

The welding is friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, pressure welding, laser welding, explosion welding, and the terminal fixing part 37 and the cable or the terminal fixing parts 37 of two adjacent terminal laminations 3 are welded into a whole through metal welding spots, so that the connection is firm and the contact resistance is small.

The screw connection is that the terminal holding part 37 and the cable, or the terminal holding parts 37 of two adjacent terminal lamination sheets 3 respectively have screw structures, and can be screwed with each other, or connected together using separate stud and nut. Threaded connection's advantage is detachability, can assemble repeatedly and dismantle, is applicable to the scene that needs often to dismantle.

The riveting is to rivet the terminal fixing part 37 and the cable or the terminal fixing parts 37 of two adjacent terminal laminations 3 together by using a rivet, and the riveting has the advantages of firm connection, simple processing method and easy operation.

The splicing is to arrange a clamping groove on the terminal fixing part 37 and a clamping jaw on the cable part, or to arrange a clamping groove and a clamping jaw on two adjacent terminal laminations 3 respectively, and then to splice the clamping groove and the clamping jaw together. The splicing mode has the advantages of quick connection and detachability.

In one embodiment, the connecting arms 33 of two adjacent terminal laminations 3 are in contact fit with each other, and the connecting arms 33 of the terminal laminations 3 can slide relative to each other, so that the terminal laminations 3 can maintain their own clamping force, and the characteristic of uneven surface of the plug terminal 2 can be utilized to improve the connection stability.

In one embodiment, a plurality of protrusions 35 are provided inside the connecting arm 33, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of protrusions 35 are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the connecting arm 33, when the flat belt 1 is inserted into and mated with the connecting arm 33, the top surface of the protrusion 35 abuts against the flat belt 1, the connecting arm 33 is connected with the flat belt 1 more tightly, and the reliability of mechanical connection and electrical connection between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is improved.

Further, the terminal lamination 3 comprises bent extensions 36 arranged in a plane or non-plane, with a bending angle within the range of 0 ° to 180 °, in order to facilitate adaptation to different wiring direction requirements. As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the included angle between the connecting arm 33 and the bent extension 36 is referred to as a bent angle, and the terminal lamination 3 may be formed by stamping to form various angles between the connecting arm 33 and the bent extension 36. As shown in fig. 5, the bent extension 36 and the connecting arm 33 are in the same plane, and the bending angle between the extending directions of the extension and the connecting arm is preferably 90 °. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the bent extensions 36 are not in the same plane as the fixed body connecting arms 33 of the terminal stack 3, and the bent extensions 36 are bent and extended in a non-plane, and the angle between the extending directions of the bent extensions 36 and the extending directions is preferably 90 °.

The main body of the flat belt 1 is a solid flat core and an insulating layer 15 wrapped on the periphery of the flat belt, the insertion part 12 is located at the end part of the flat belt 1, and the surface of the insertion part 12 is free of the insulating layer 15. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1A and 2, the flat belt 1 includes a bent portion 14, a transition layer 11 is disposed on the bent portion 14, a main body of the flat belt 1 is connected to the insertion portion 12 through the bent portion 14, and an extending direction of the flat belt 1 is adjusted through the bent portion 14, so that the flat belt 1 is adapted to an installation environment.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the front end of the insertion part 12 is provided with a chamfer 13, in other embodiments, the chamfer 13 may be replaced by a radius, and the chamfer 13 or the radius may guide the insertion and extraction of the connecting arm 33 into and out of the flat belt 1.

In some embodiments, the material of the terminal lamination 3 contains tellurium, and the material of the terminal lamination 3 is tellurium copper alloy, so that the terminal has good conductivity and easy cutting performance, the electrical performance is ensured, and the processability is also improved.

Furthermore, the tellurium content in the material of the terminal lamination 3 is 0.1% -5%, the conductivity is guaranteed, and the elasticity of the tellurium-copper alloy is excellent. Preferably, the tellurium content in the tellurium-copper alloy is 0.2% -1.2%.

The inventor selects 10 terminal laminations 3 with the same shape for testing, the size of each terminal lamination 3 is the same, the number of the terminal laminations 3 in the plug terminal 2 is equal, and the material of the terminal laminations 3 is tellurium-copper alloy, wherein the content of tellurium is respectively 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6% and 7%. After the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 are plugged, the plug structure is electrified to detect the conductivity of the corresponding plugging position, and the test result is shown in table 3. In this embodiment, the conductivity is preferably more than 99%.

Table 3, effect of tellurium copper alloys of different tellurium content on conductivity:

as can be seen from Table 3, when the content ratio of Te is less than 0.1% or more than 5%, the conductivity is remarkably decreased and the desired value of conductivity cannot be satisfied. When the content of tellurium is 0.2% or more and 1.2% or less, the conductivity is the most excellent, and when the content of tellurium is more than 0.1% and less than 0.2%, or more than 1.2% and 5% or less, the conductivity satisfies the desired value, but the conductivity tends to gradually decrease, and the conductivity also decreases. Therefore, the inventor selects tellurium copper alloy with 0.1% -5% of tellurium content. Under the most ideal condition, 0.2-1.2% tellurium-copper alloy is selected.

In some embodiments, the material of the terminal laminations 3 is beryllium copper.

In some embodiments, the beryllium content of the material of the terminal lamination 3 is 0.05% to 5%.

Furthermore, the beryllium content in the material of the terminal lamination 3 is 0.1-3.5%.

The presence of beryllium in the terminal laminate 3 enables the terminal laminate 3 to have high hardness, elastic limit, fatigue limit and wear resistance, and also has good corrosion resistance, thermal and electrical conductivity, and does not produce sparks upon impact.

In order to test the influence of the beryllium content on the conductivity of the terminal lamination 3, 10 terminal laminations 3 with the same shape and the same expansion and contraction joint width were selected by the inventor for testing, and each terminal lamination 3 contains beryllium, wherein the content of beryllium is respectively 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 1.8%, 3%, 3.5%, 5% and 6%. The test results are shown in table 4.

Table 4, effect of different beryllium content on conductivity:

as can be seen from table 4, when the content ratio of beryllium is less than 0.05% or more than 5%, the conductivity is significantly decreased, and the actual requirement cannot be satisfied. The conductive performance is best when the content of beryllium is 0.1% or more and 3.5% or less, so the inventor chooses the terminal lamination 3 with the content of beryllium of 0.1% -5%. In the most ideal case, the terminal lamination 3 with the beryllium content of 0.1-3.5% is selected.

In some embodiments, at least the mating end 31 of the terminal stack 3 is coated to improve corrosion resistance, conductivity, and the number of mating times, which can better extend the service life of the mating structure.

In some embodiments, the coating material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. Copper as a reactive metal will undergo oxidation reaction with oxygen and water during use, so one or more kinds of inactive metals are required as a plating layer to prolong the service life of the plug terminal 2. In addition, for the metal contact which needs to be plugged and pulled frequently, better wear-resistant metal is needed to be used as a plating layer, and the service life of the contact can be greatly prolonged. The contact also needs good conductive performance, and the conductivity and the stability of the metal are superior to those of copper or copper alloy, so that the plug terminal 2 can obtain better electrical performance and longer service life.

In order to demonstrate the influence of different coating materials on the overall performance of the terminal, the inventor uses the same specification and material, adopts plug terminal 2 samples of different coating materials, and uses the flat belt 1 of the same specification to perform a series of plugging times and corrosion resistance time tests. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 5.

The number of times of plugging in table 5 is to fix plug terminal 2 respectively on the laboratory bench, adopts mechanical device to make bandlet 1 simulation plug to every through 100 plugs, just stop to observe the condition that plug terminal 2 surface coating destroys, terminal surface coating appears the fish tail, and expose terminal material itself, then the experiment stops, record plug number of times at that time. In this embodiment, the number of plugging times is not more than 8000.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 5 is to put the plug terminal 2 into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray to each position of the plug terminal 2, take out and clean every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion condition, i.e. a period, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the plug terminal 2 is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the period number at that time. In this example, the number of cycles less than 80 was considered to be unacceptable.

Table 5, influence of different plating materials on terminal plugging times and corrosion resistance:

it can be seen from table 5 that, when the selected plating layer is made of gold, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy, the experimental result exceeds the standard value more and the performance is more stable. When the material of the plating layer is nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc, the experimental result can meet the requirement, so that the inventor selects the material of the plating layer to be one or a combination of more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In some embodiments, the plating layer comprises a base layer and a surface layer, and the plating layer adopts a multi-layer plating method. After the terminal lamination 3 is processed, a plurality of gaps and holes exist at the micro interface of the real surface, and the gaps and holes are the biggest causes of abrasion and corrosion of the terminal lamination 3 in the using process. In this embodiment, a bottom layer is plated on the surface of the terminal lamination 3 to fill the gaps and holes on the surface, so that the surface of the terminal lamination 3 is smooth and has no holes, and then the surface layer is plated to ensure that the surface is more firmly combined and can be smoother, the surface of the plating layer has no gaps and holes, so that the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the electrical property of the plug terminal 2 are better, and the service life of the plug terminal 2 is greatly prolonged.

In some embodiments, the plating layer may be provided by electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering, or vacuum plating.

The electroplating method is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of metal by utilizing the electrolysis principle.

The chemical plating method is a deposition process for generating metal through controllable oxidation-reduction reaction under the catalytic action of the metal.

The magnetron sputtering method is characterized in that electrons spirally run near the surface of a target by utilizing the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric field, so that the probability that the electrons collide with argon to generate ions is increased, and the generated ions collide with the surface of the target under the action of the electric field so as to sputter out a target material.

The vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of the part by distillation or sputtering under vacuum condition.

In some embodiments, the underlayer material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, and zinc; the surface material contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In another embodiment, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 12 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

In another embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 μm to 50 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the surface layer is 1 μm to 35 μm.

In order to demonstrate the influence of the change of the thickness of the bottom plating layer on the overall performance of the plug-in terminal 2, the inventor uses the plug-in terminal 2 with the same specification and material, different thicknesses of nickel-plated bottom layers and the same thickness of silver-plated surface layers, and uses the flat belt 1 with the same specification to perform a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, and the experimental results are shown in table 6.

Table 6, effect of different primer coating thicknesses on temperature rise and corrosion resistance:

the temperature rise test in table 6 is to apply the same current to the plug structure, detect the temperature at the same position of the terminal lamination 3 before applying the current and after stabilizing the temperature in a closed environment, and take the absolute value of the difference. In this example, a temperature rise greater than 50K is considered unacceptable.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 6 is to put the plug terminal 2 into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray to each position of the plug terminal 2, take out and clean every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion condition, i.e. a period, stop the test until the corrosion area of the terminal surface is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the period number at that time. In this example, the number of cycles less than 80 was considered to be unacceptable.

As can be seen from table 6, when the thickness of the nickel-plated underlayer is less than 0.01 μm, the temperature rise of the plug structure is acceptable, but since the plating layer is too thin, the number of cycles of corrosion resistance of the plug terminal 2 is less than 80, which does not meet the performance requirement of the plug terminal 2. The overall performance and the service life of the plug-in structure are greatly influenced, and the service life of a product is suddenly reduced or even loses efficacy when the product is serious, so that a combustion accident is caused. When the thickness of the bottom layer nickel plating layer is larger than 12 mu m, the heat generated by the plug-in structure cannot be emitted due to the thicker bottom layer plating layer, so that the temperature rise of the plug-in structure is unqualified, and the thicker plating layer is easy to fall off from the surface of the terminal lamination 3, so that the corrosion resistance periodicity is reduced. Therefore, the inventors selected the primer layer to have a thickness of 0.01 μm to 12 μm. Preferably, the inventors found that the overall effect of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the plug-in structure is more excellent when the thickness of the primer plating layer is 0.1 to 9 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and the practicality of the product itself, the thickness of the primer plating layer is preferably 0.1 to 9 μm.

In order to demonstrate the influence of the thickness change of the surface plating layer on the overall performance of the plug-in connection structure, the inventor uses plug-in connection terminal 2 samples with the same specification and material, the same thickness of the nickel plating bottom layer and different thickness of the silver plating surface layer, and uses flat belts with the same specification to perform a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, the experimental method is the same as the experimental method, and the experimental results are shown in table 7.

Table 7, effect of different surface layer plating thickness on temperature rise and corrosion resistance:

as can be seen from table 7, when the thickness of the silver plating layer on the surface layer is less than 0.5 μm, the temperature rise of the plug-in structure is acceptable, but since the plating layer is too thin, the number of corrosion resistance cycles of the plug-in terminal is less than 80, which does not meet the performance requirement of the terminal. The integral performance and the service life of the plug-in structure are greatly influenced, and the service life of a product is suddenly reduced even fails to work when the product is serious, so that a combustion accident occurs. When the thickness of the surface silver plating layer is more than 50 μm, the heat generated by the terminal cannot be dissipated because the surface plating layer is thick, so that the temperature rise is unqualified, and the plating layer is thick and is easy to fall off from the surface of the terminal, so that the corrosion resistance periodicity is reduced. Further, since the surface layer plating metal is expensive, the performance is not improved and the use value is not high by using a thick plating layer. Therefore, the inventors selected the silver plating layer of the surface layer to have a thickness of 0.1 μm to 50 μm. Preferably, the inventors found that the total effect of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the terminal is more excellent when the thickness of the surface plating layer is 1 to 35 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and the practicality of the product itself, the thickness of the surface plating layer is preferably 1 to 35 μm.

In some embodiments, the connection end 32 of the plug structure has a plating thereon.

In some embodiments, the plating of the mating end 31 is different from the plating of the connecting end 32. As can be seen from the above description, different metal material coatings have different conductive effects and corrosion resistances, and the metal material coating with higher price has better conductive effects and corrosion resistances, so that more plugging and unplugging can be performed, and the metal material coating can be used in more complicated environments to obtain longer service life. Therefore, the inventor uses gold, silver antimony alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, palladium nickel alloy, tin lead alloy or silver gold zirconium alloy, which have excellent performance, as the position of the plug terminal 31 exposed to the use environment, but the metal material with higher price is used as the plating material, and the connection terminal 32 is the position of the connection wire, and there is almost no relative displacement after the connection with the wire, and the connection terminal 32 is generally protected inside the plastic housing and is not exposed to the use environment, therefore, the inventor uses the commonly used metal tin, nickel and zinc as the plating material of the connection terminal 32, so as to reduce the cost of the connection structure.

In some embodiments, the plating of the mating end 31 is different in thickness than the plating of the connecting end 32. As can be seen from the above description, the plugging end 31 is plugged and unplugged many times and exposed in a use environment, the plating layer is scratched and corroded by an external environment, and if the plating layer is thin, the plating layer is easily scratched or corroded in the use process, so that the inventor can arrange a plating layer with a larger thickness at the plugging end 31 to increase the scratch resistance and corrosion resistance of the plugging end 31. In addition, since no scratch is generated on the connection end 32 side and no exposure to the use environment is made, a plating layer having a low thickness can be used, thereby reducing the cost of the connection structure.

In some embodiments, the mating force between the ribbon 1 and the mating terminal 2 is between 3N and 150N, preferably between 10N and 95N. In order to verify the influence of the plugging force between the flat belt 1 and the plugging terminal 2 on the contact resistance between the flat belt and the plugging terminal 2 and the plugging condition, the inventor selects the flat belt 1 and the plugging terminal 2 with the same shape and size, designs the plugging force between the flat belt and the plugging terminal 2 into different plugging forces, and observes the contact resistance between the flat belt and the plugging terminal 2 and the condition after multiple times of plugging.

The contact resistance is detected by measuring the resistance at the contact position of the flat ribbon and the plug terminal using a micro-resistance measuring instrument, and reading the value of the micro-resistance measuring instrument, which is the contact resistance between the flat ribbon and the plug terminal, and in this embodiment, the contact resistance is less than 50 μ Ω, which is an ideal value.

The test mode of the oppositely-inserting condition of the flat belt 1 and the inserting terminal 2 is that 50 times of oppositely inserting is carried out on the flat belt 1 and the inserting terminal 2, the times of dropping and incapability of inserting and pulling are observed after inserting and pulling, the dropping time requirement after inserting and pulling is less than 3 times, and the time requirement of incapability of inserting and pulling is less than 5 times.

Table 8, the effect of the plugging force between different ribbons and the plugging terminal on the contact resistance and on the plugging condition:

as can be seen from table 8, when the plugging force between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is smaller than 3N, the bonding force between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is too small, the contact resistance between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 is higher than an ideal value, and the number of times of dropping after plugging exceeds 3 times, which is an unqualified state. When the insertion force between the flat band 1 and the insertion terminal 2 is larger than 150N, the number of times the flat band 1 and the insertion terminal 2 cannot be inserted and removed is larger than 5 times or more, and the flat band is in a defective state, and therefore, the inventors set the insertion force between the flat band 1 and the insertion terminal 2 to be 3N to 150N.

As can be seen from table 8, when the insertion force between the flat band 1 and the insertion terminal 2 is between 10N and 95N, the contact resistance value is within the ideal value range without falling after insertion and removal or without being unable to be inserted and removed, and therefore, the inventors set that the insertion force between the flat band 1 and the insertion terminal 2 is preferably between 10N and 95N.

In some embodiments, the contact resistance between the ribbon 1 and the plug terminal 2 is less than 9m Ω. Under general conditions, need switch on great electric current between bandlet 1 and the plug terminal 2, if the contact resistance between bandlet 1 and the plug terminal 2 is greater than 9m omega, then can produce great temperature rise at the contact position, and along with the increase of time, the temperature can be higher and higher, the high temperature between bandlet 1 and the plug terminal 2, firstly can cause between the transition layer bandlet, because the material is different between plug terminal and the cladding layer, the thermal expansion rate is different, the mechanical deformation that leads to is asynchronous, cause between transition layer 11 and the bandlet 1, plug terminal 2 and cladding layer production internal stress, can cause droing of transition layer 11 and cladding layer when serious, can't realize the effect of protection. Secondly, too high temperature of the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 or the insulation layer conducted to the flat belt 1 and the insulation layer of the lead connected with the plug terminal leads to melting of the corresponding insulation layers, thus the insulation protection effect cannot be achieved, and serious safety accidents such as damage of a connection structure and even burning caused by short circuit of a circuit can be caused. Therefore, the inventors set the contact resistance between the flat ribbon 1 and the plug terminal 2 to be less than 9m Ω.

In order to verify the influence of the contact resistance between the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 on the temperature rise and the electric conductivity of the plug structure, the inventor selects the same flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2 with different contact resistances and tests the electric conductivity and the temperature rise,

the electrical conductivity test is to plug the flat belt 1 and the plug terminal 2, and after the plug structure is powered on, detect the electrical conductivity of the corresponding plug, in this embodiment, the electrical conductivity is greater than 99% as an ideal value.

The temperature rise test is to electrify the same current to the plugging structure, detect the temperature of the same position of the plugging terminal 2 before electrifying and after temperature stabilization in a closed environment, and take the absolute value by taking the difference. In this example, a temperature rise greater than 50K is considered unacceptable.

Table 9, effect of contact resistance between different ribbons and the plug terminal on conductivity and temperature rise:

as can be seen from table 9, when the contact resistance between the flat ribbon 1 and the plug terminal 2 is greater than 9m Ω, the temperature rise of the plug terminal 2 exceeds 50K, and meanwhile, the electrical conductivity of the plug structure is also less than 99%, which does not meet the standard requirement. Therefore, the inventors set the contact resistance between the flat ribbon 1 and the plug terminal 2 to be less than 9m Ω.

In some embodiments, the material of the flat strip 1 comprises aluminum. In the field of electrical connection, copper wires are used for conducting current, and copper has high conductivity and good ductility. However, as copper prices have increased, the material cost for using copper materials as the conductive wires has become higher. For this reason, alternatives to metallic copper are being sought to reduce costs. The content of metal aluminum in the earth crust is about 7.73%, the price is relatively low after the refining technology is optimized, the weight of the aluminum is lighter than that of copper, the conductivity is only inferior to that of the copper, and the aluminum can replace part of the copper in the field of electrical connection. Therefore, aluminum is a trend in the field of automotive electrical connection to replace copper.

However, because the electrode potential difference between copper and aluminum is large, electrochemical corrosion can be generated between copper and aluminum wires after the copper wires and the aluminum wires are directly connected, the aluminum is easy to corrode, so that the resistance of a connection area is increased, and serious consequences such as functional failure, fire and the like can be easily generated in electrical connection. Therefore, a transition layer needs to be added between copper and aluminum, so that the electrode potential difference between the copper and the aluminum can be reduced, the electrical performance between the copper and the aluminum is improved, and the service life of the splicing structure of the flat belt and the terminal is greatly prolonged.

Scheme two

The utility model provides a motor vehicle, this motor vehicle contain the grafting structure of foretell bandlet and terminal. Generally, in the field of electrical connection, in the plug connection between two cables, corresponding terminals need to be crimped or welded on the cables, and then the corresponding terminals are inserted into each other to realize electrical detachable connection. The flat belt is directly inserted into the terminal, so that the terminal crimped on the flat belt is saved, the voltage drop of an electric loop can be reduced, the performance of electric connection is improved, and the service life of the insertion structure is prolonged.

The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (31)

1. The utility model provides a structure of pegging graft of bandlet and terminal which characterized in that includes: a flat band and a plug terminal;

the flat belt is provided with an inserting part,

the plug terminal comprises at least one terminal lamination having a plug end for connection with a cable and a connection end configured to mate with the plug end.

2. The ribbon and terminal mating structure of claim 1 wherein the mating portion is provided with a transition layer.

3. The ribbon and terminal plug structure according to claim 2, wherein the transition layer is attached to the surface of the plug portion by one or more of electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, pressure welding, diffusion welding, friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, or laser welding.

4. The ribbon-and-terminal mating structure of claim 2, wherein the transition layer has a thickness of 0.3 μm to 3000 μm.

5. The ribbon-and-terminal mating structure of claim 4, wherein the transition layer has a thickness of 2.5 μm to 1000 μm.

6. The ribbon and terminal mating structure of claim 1 wherein said mating terminal includes a plurality of said terminal laminations, said plurality of terminal laminations being stacked.

7. The ribbon and terminal connector structure of claim 1 wherein the connector end has at least two connecting arms and a connector slot is formed between two adjacent connecting arms.

8. The ribbon-and-terminal mating structure of claim 7, wherein the gap between the connecting arms of two adjacent terminal laminations is less than 0.2mm.

9. The ribbon-and-terminal connection structure of claim 7, wherein the connecting ends are provided with terminal fixing portions, and one end of each connecting arm is fixedly connected to the terminal fixing portion.

10. The ribbon-and-terminal connection structure according to claim 9, wherein two adjacent terminal fixing portions are connected together by crimping or welding or screwing or riveting or splicing.

11. The ribbon-and-terminal mating structure of claim 7 wherein the connecting arms of adjacent terminal laminations are in contact engagement.

12. The ribbon-and-terminal connector structure of claim 7, wherein the connecting arm is provided on an inner side thereof with a plurality of projections spaced apart along a direction in which the connecting arm extends.

13. The ribbon-and-terminal connector structure of claim 1, wherein the connecting end includes a bent extension disposed in a plane or non-plane, the bend angle being within a range of 0 ° to 180 °.

14. The structure of claim 1, wherein the flat band includes a bent portion, and the main body of the flat band and the insertion portion are connected by the bent portion.

15. The ribbon and terminal mating structure of claim 1 wherein the mating portion is chamfered.

16. The ribbon-to-terminal plug structure of claim 1, wherein the terminal lamination is made of tellurium copper alloy.

17. The band and terminal connection of claim 1, wherein the terminal laminations are comprised of beryllium copper.

18. The ribbon and terminal connector of claim 1, wherein at least the connector end has a coating thereon.

19. The ribbon and terminal strip attachment of claim 18, wherein the plating comprises a base layer and a surface layer.

20. The structure of claim 18, wherein the plating is applied by electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating.

21. The ribbon and terminal mating structure of claim 19, wherein the bottom layer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 12 μm.

22. The ribbon and terminal attachment structure of claim 19 wherein the base layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 9 μm.

23. The ribbon and terminal attachment structure of claim 19 wherein the skin layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 50 μm.

24. The ribbon and terminal mating structure of claim 19, wherein the skin layer has a thickness of 1 μm to 35 μm.

25. The ribbon and terminal mating arrangement of claim 18 wherein the terminal laminations include a plating on the connecting ends thereof.

26. The ribbon and terminal mating arrangement of claim 25, wherein the plating of the mating end is a different material than the plating of the connecting end.

27. The ribbon and terminal mating arrangement of claim 25, wherein the plating of the mating end is of a different thickness than the plating of the connecting end.

28. The ribbon-to-terminal mating structure of claim 1, wherein the mating force between the ribbon and the mating terminal is between 3N and 150N.

29. The ribbon-to-terminal mating structure of claim 28 wherein the mating force between the ribbon and the mating terminal is between 10N and 95N.

30. The ribbon-to-terminal mating structure of claim 1, wherein the contact resistance between the ribbon and the mating terminal is less than 9m Ω.

31. A motor vehicle comprising the strap-to-terminal mating structure of any one of claims 1-30.

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