CN217607022U - Miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to smart grid wireless sensor - Google Patents
Miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to smart grid wireless sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN217607022U CN217607022U CN202221894501.5U CN202221894501U CN217607022U CN 217607022 U CN217607022 U CN 217607022U CN 202221894501 U CN202221894501 U CN 202221894501U CN 217607022 U CN217607022 U CN 217607022U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a be applied to smart power grids wireless sensor's miniaturized microstrip antenna, include: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate positioned below the dielectric substrate and a rectangular antenna patch positioned above the dielectric substrate; two notches are symmetrically introduced into two non-radiation sides of the rectangular antenna patch, and two groups of slots are introduced into the center of the rectangular antenna patch; and introducing a complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure on the metal grounding plate, wherein the complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure is a group of concentric split resonant rings which are oppositely arranged, and the point, which is intersected with the coaxial feeder line, on the metal grounding plate is set as the geometric center of the CSRR defected ground structure. Compare with current antenna of being applied to among the smart power grids wireless sensor, the utility model discloses utilize defected ground structure and meander technique, on can guaranteeing the radiation performance's of antenna basis, realize the miniaturized design of antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wireless communication technology field especially relates to be applied to smart power grids wireless sensor's miniaturized microstrip antenna.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
With the rapid development of integration technology, electronic components are required to be integrated in various types of devices in smaller sizes. Therefore, how to reduce the physical size of the microstrip antenna (to achieve antenna miniaturization) has become a hot issue in the electronic field. The miniaturization of the microstrip antenna is to reduce the size of the antenna on the premise of keeping the resonance frequency of the antenna unchanged; equivalently, it can also be considered that the resonant frequency of the antenna is lowered while the overall size of the antenna is guaranteed to be unchanged.
The traditional smart grid wireless sensor usually adopts the miniaturized omnidirectional antenna forms such as dipole, monopole and helical antenna to realize the miniaturized design of the equipment. However, in a smart grid application scenario where a large number of metal cabinets exist, the application space is narrow and good conductors are provided around the smart grid application scenario, and if a common dipole omnidirectional antenna (dipole, monopole and helical antenna) is adopted, the transceiving performance of the antenna is greatly reduced due to the influence of the metal conductors. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to design an antenna having directivity and less affected by a conductor. The microstrip antenna has received much attention because it has a ground plane, which can significantly reduce the influence of surrounding metals. Compared with a miniaturized dipole-type omnidirectional antenna, the conventional microstrip antenna has the disadvantage of larger size.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a be applied to smart power grids wireless sensor's miniaturized microstrip antenna, include: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate positioned below the dielectric substrate and a rectangular antenna patch positioned above the dielectric substrate;
two notches are symmetrically introduced into two non-radiation sides of the rectangular antenna patch, and two groups of slots are introduced into the center of the rectangular antenna patch;
the metal grounding plate is introduced with a complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure, the complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure is a group of concentric split resonant rings which are oppositely arranged, and a point on the metal grounding plate, which is intersected with the coaxial feeder line, is set as the geometric center of the CSRR defected ground structure.
The utility model designs a complementary opening resonant ring (CSRR)'s defect ground structure, after loading this structure, realize reducing of antenna size. By applying the meander technology, the shape of the rectangular radiation patch is designed into an irregular slotted patch, thereby reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna and realizing the miniaturization design. The loading defected ground structure and the meander technology are fused, and the physical size of the antenna is miniaturized under the condition that the radiation gain of the antenna is almost unchanged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to a smart grid wireless sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a defective antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows an S-shaped structure of a rectangular microstrip antenna and a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention 11 Comparing the schematic diagrams;
fig. 5 is a comparison graph of radiation patterns of the rectangular microstrip antenna with the defected ground structure and the conventional rectangular microstrip antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a current vector distribution diagram on a patch of three shapes in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of an antenna structure using irregular slotted patches in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows the embodiment of the present invention is an irregular slotted patch antenna and a conventional patch antenna S 11 Comparing the images;
fig. 9 is a comparison graph of the radiation patterns of the irregular slotted patch antenna and the conventional patch antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a defected ground and an irregular slotted patch antenna are introduced simultaneously with a conventional antenna S 11 Comparing the images;
fig. 11 is a comparison graph of the radiation patterns of the irregular slotted patch antenna and the conventional antenna with defects introduced simultaneously according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the S-shaped antenna is a miniaturized antenna 11 And (6) comparing the graphs.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Compare dipole antenna and have the great problem of size based on microstrip antenna among the prior art, consequently the utility model discloses the simulation adopts the dual design of radiation paster and the floor of meander technique to the antenna to realize the miniaturization of antenna furthest. On the radiation patch, a meander technology is used to effectively extend the surface current path. On the antenna floor, loading the defected ground structure changes the current distribution of the floor.
The utility model provides a be applied to smart power grids wireless sensor's miniaturized microstrip antenna, as shown in FIG. 1, this structure includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate positioned below the dielectric substrate and a rectangular antenna patch positioned above the dielectric substrate;
two notches are symmetrically introduced into two non-radiation sides of the rectangular antenna patch, and two groups of slots are introduced into the center of the rectangular antenna patch;
and introducing a complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure on the metal grounding plate, wherein the complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure is a group of concentric split resonant rings which are oppositely arranged, and the point, which is intersected with the coaxial feeder line, on the metal grounding plate is set as the geometric center of the CSRR defected ground structure.
Specifically, the left side diagram of fig. 1 is a bottom view of the antenna structure loaded with defectively and irregularly slotted patches at the same time, and a metal ground plane (printed on a dielectric substrate) can be seen from the diagram, wherein the split resonant ring introduced on the metal ground plane is a square split resonant ring. The split resonant ring can also be a circular split resonant ring or a regular hexagonal split resonant ring.
Specifically, the notch may be a triangular notch, or may also be a rectangular notch or a semicircular notch. The right-hand diagram of fig. 1 is a top view of an antenna structure loaded with defectively and irregularly slotted patches simultaneously, from which a rectangular antenna patch and a dielectric substrate can be seen, wherein the two triangular cutouts of the rectangular antenna patch are symmetrical. And the triangle is an isosceles triangle, wherein one base angle point is positioned on one radiation edge of the rectangular antenna patch, and the other base angle point is positioned on the upper or lower non-radiation edge. Wherein the two sets of slots are symmetrical. The slit is formed by combining a rectangular slit and a semicircular slit. The diameter of a semicircular slot in the slot is superposed with one long edge of the rectangular slot, and the semicircular slot is positioned in the center of the long edge of the rectangular slot.
The specific scheme is as follows.
In order to right the utility model provides a miniaturized microstrip antenna carries out the performance parameter contrast, the utility model designs a traditional rectangle microstrip antenna of a section as the contrast group, as shown in fig. 2, wherein, fig. 2 (a) is rectangle microstrip antenna top view, and fig. 2 (b) is rectangle microstrip antenna side view. A dielectric substrate made of Roger RO4350 (tm) and having a thickness H =2mm is used, the side length of a square ground plate is a =45mm, the length L =23.26mm of a patch parallel to the y direction, and the width W =45mm of the patch parallel to the x direction. In order to avoid generating additional interference radiation, the antenna adopts a coaxial feed mode, and a feed point deviates from a central axis y in the x direction of the patch 0 =5.9mm. Through ANSYS HFSS simulation, the resonant frequency of the antenna is 3.05GHz 11 <The 10dB band ranges from 3.02-3.09GHz.
The metal ground plate introduces a Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) defected ground structure as shown in fig. 3, which is a set of concentric, oppositely-placed forward-direction Split Ring resonators, and the point on the metal ground plate that intersects the coaxial feed line is set as the geometric center of the CSRR defected ground structure. The defected ground structure can effectively improve the effective dielectric constant and change the current distribution of the patch, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is reduced and a good miniaturization effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, the length of the edge of the outer ring of the defective ground structure is w 1 The distance between the inner side of the outer ring and the outer side of the inner ring is p 1 Width of the ring is g 1 The width of the opening of the ring is k 1 . After optimization, the size of the antenna is confirmed to be w 1 ＝12mm、g 1 ＝0.3mm、p 1 ＝1.25mm、k 1 ＝1mm。
S of the antenna and a conventional rectangular antenna 11 For example, as shown in fig. 4, the radiation patterns of both are shown in fig. 5.
Then, a microstrip antenna design using irregular slotted patches. Meander technology is a kind of antenna miniaturization technology, which extends a current path by making a current detour using an irregular patch and a cut Slot (Slot). To make the current path on the patch longer, the distribution of the patch current vector on the original conventional rectangular antenna is observed first, as shown in fig. 6 (a). According to the current flow direction distribution, the outline and the slot position of the special patch are further conceived. As shown in fig. 6 (a), the rectangular patch current flows from the left radiation edge to the right edge. Therefore, two triangular notches are introduced at the two non-radiating edges of the antenna, and the current path is increased by the current flowing along the notches, as shown in fig. 6 (b). In order to make the effect of the current path growth more obvious, two groups of symmetrical slots are introduced in the center of the patch, and each group of slots is formed by combining a rectangular slot and a semicircular slot. After the non-radiating edge notch and two sets of slots are introduced, the current is forced to detour, and the effective current length is obviously increased, as shown in fig. 6 (c).
In addition, the cuts are added to increase the current path that would otherwise be along the two sides of the patch. Triangular cuts are the simplest and most effective way of increasing the path. The notch can be in other shapes, for example, notches with two aligned sides can be added, and the antenna gain and other indexes obtained through simulation are good without triangular notches.
Of course, the principle of adding slits and side cuts is meander technology, except that the slits lengthen the current flow path inside the patch and the side cuts lengthen the path along the edge of the patch. The slot may be of other shapes, but slots of the above-mentioned shape are preferred.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of an antenna structure using irregular slotted patches. hs is the distance between the vertex of the triangle cut and the edge of the patch parallel to the y direction, rs is the radius of the two semicircular slots inside, gs is the width of the rectangular slot inside parallel to the x direction, ps is the distance between the two rectangular slots, ls is the length of the rectangular slot parallel to the y direction, ts is the distance between the vertex of the triangle cut and the central axis of the patch in the x direction, and ds is the side length of the triangle cut parallel to the y direction.
Through optimization simulation, the size parameters of the patch are respectively determined as rs =2.5mm, ps =12mm, gs =3mm, ls =18mm, ts =1mm, hs =2.7mm and ds =20mm.
S of the antenna and a conventional rectangular antenna 11 For example, as shown in fig. 8, the radiation patterns of both are shown in fig. 9. The above-mentioned independent loading defectively andthe antenna using the irregular slotted patch has a limited miniaturization effect, and the two miniaturization technologies are supposed to be fused to obtain a more obvious miniaturization effect. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure simultaneously loaded with defected ground and irregular slotted patches. The simulation-optimized dimensional parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 antenna size (unit: mm) with simultaneous loading of defected ground and irregular slotted patch
| a | L | W | H | y 0 | rs |
| 45.00 | 23.29 | 29.78 | 1.52 | 5.10 | 2.50 |
| gs | ls | ts | hs | ds | ps |
| 3.00 | 18.00 | 1.00 | 2.70 | 20.00 | 12.00 |
Wherein a is the side length of the square metal grounding plate, L is the length of the patch parallel to the y direction, W is the width of the patch parallel to the x direction, and y is the length of the patch parallel to the x direction 0 The length of the side of the outer ring of the defected ground structure is w 1 The distance between the inner side of the outer ring and the outer side of the inner ring is p 1 Width of the ring is g 1 The width of the opening of the ring is k 1 Hs is the distance between the vertex of the triangle cut and the edge of the patch parallel to the y direction, rs is the radius of the two semicircular slots inside, gs is the width of the rectangular slot inside parallel to the x direction, ps is the distance between the two rectangular slots, ls is the length of the rectangular slot parallel to the y direction, ts is the distance between the vertex of the triangle cut and the central axis of the patch in the x direction, and ds is the side length of the triangle cut parallel to the y direction.
S of the antenna and a conventional rectangular antenna 11 For example, as shown in fig. 10, the radiation patterns of both are shown in fig. 11.
The antenna performance comparison is made as follows:
FIG. 12 is a S diagram of three miniaturized antennas and a conventional rectangular antenna 11 Comparing the figures, it can be seen that the three miniaturized antennas can reduce the resonant frequency. The resonance frequency of the singly loaded defected ground structure is similar to that of the singly used irregular slotted patch; the antenna using two miniaturization methods in addition can further lower the resonance frequency. Traditional rectangle antenna with the utility model provides a more comprehensive performance of three kinds of miniaturized microstrip antenna is shown to table 2.
Table 2 performance comparison of three miniaturized antennas with a rectangular antenna
| Traditional patch antenna | Antenna with defect ground | Slotted antenna | Slotted antenna with defect ground | |
| Resonance frequency (GHz) | 3.05 | 2.75 | 2.69 | 2.4 |
| S 11 <10dB(GHz) | 3.02-3.09 | 2.72-2.78 | 2.67-2.71 | 2.38-2.42 |
| Bandwidth of | 2.29％ | 2.18％ | 1.49％ | 1.67％ |
| S 11 (dB) | -36.09 | -42.2 | -47.93 | -35.98 |
| Maximum gain (dBi) | 5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 2.2 |
| Minimum gain (dBi) | -13.5 | -17.4 | -12.1 | -14.8 |
| Front-to-back ratio (dB) | 18.5 | 20.9 | 15.5 | 17 |
| Area reduction ratio | / | 30.78％ | 34.11％ | 47.51％ |
As can be seen from table 2, the resonant frequency of the conventional microstrip antenna is 3.05GHz, and the resonant frequencies of the antenna loaded defectively alone and the antenna using the irregular slotted patch alone are respectively reduced to 2.75GHz and 2.69GHz, which are respectively reduced by 30.78% and 34.11% compared with the area of the conventional rectangular antenna. Meanwhile, the antenna resonant frequency of the defected area and the irregular slotted patch is greatly reduced to 2.4GHz, the area is reduced by 47.51% compared with that of a rectangular antenna, and the antenna is designed in a miniaturized manner to have a satisfactory effect. At the same time, other electrical properties are observed to remain at a good level, and therefore this miniaturization is achievedThe antenna is of reasonable design. Antenna S integrating two miniaturization technologies 11 <The 10dB frequency range is 2.38-2.42GHz, the Wi-Fi frequency range accords with the Wi-Fi frequency range commonly used by the smart grid, and the application prospect of the wireless sensor node integrated in the smart grid is achieved.
To sum up, the utility model provides a be applied to smart power grids wireless sensor's miniaturized microstrip antenna obtains following beneficial effect:
(1) A defected ground structure of a square Complementary Split Resonant Ring (CSRR) is designed, and the size of the antenna is reduced after the structure is loaded.
(2) By applying the meander technology, the shape of the rectangular radiation patch is designed into an irregular slotted patch, thereby reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna and realizing miniaturization.
(3) The loading defected ground structure and the meander technology are fused, and the physical size of the antenna is reduced by 47.51% under the condition that the radiation gain of the antenna is not greatly reduced. Compared with 30.87% of the structure size with single loading defect and 34.11% of the antenna size with meander technology, the miniaturization effect of combining two miniaturization technologies is greatly improved, and each performance index of the antenna keeps a good level.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a miniaturized microstrip antenna for smart power grids wireless sensor which characterized in that includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate positioned below the dielectric substrate and a rectangular antenna patch positioned above the dielectric substrate;
two notches are symmetrically introduced into two non-radiation sides of the rectangular antenna patch, and two groups of slots are introduced into the center of the rectangular antenna patch;
and introducing a complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure on the metal grounding plate, wherein the complementary split resonant ring CSRR defected ground structure is a group of concentric split resonant rings which are oppositely arranged, and the point, which is intersected with the coaxial feeder line, on the metal grounding plate is set as the geometric center of the CSRR defected ground structure.
2. The miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to a smart grid wireless sensor of claim 1 wherein the notch is a triangular notch, a rectangular notch or a semicircular notch.
3. A miniaturized microstrip antenna to be applied to smart grid radio sensors according to claim 2 wherein said triangle is an isosceles triangle with one base corner point on one radiating side of the rectangular antenna patch and the other base corner point on the upper or lower non-radiating side.
4. The miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to a smart grid wireless sensor of claim 1 wherein the two sets of slots are symmetrical.
5. The miniaturized microstrip antenna for a smart grid wireless sensor according to claim 1 wherein the slot is a combination of a rectangular and semicircular slot, a combination of a rectangular and trapezoidal slot, or a combination of a rectangular and rectangular slot.
6. The miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to a smart grid wireless sensor according to claim 5, wherein a diameter of a semicircular slot of the slots is coincident with one long side of the rectangular slot, and the semicircular slot is located at a center of the long side of the rectangular slot.
7. The miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to a smart grid wireless sensor of claim 1 wherein the split ring resonator is a square split ring resonator, a circular split ring resonator or a regular hexagonal split ring resonator.
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