CN217559946U - Ecological lavatory device of combined heat and power marsh gas production - Google Patents
Ecological lavatory device of combined heat and power marsh gas production Download PDFInfo
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- CN217559946U CN217559946U CN202221104936.5U CN202221104936U CN217559946U CN 217559946 U CN217559946 U CN 217559946U CN 202221104936 U CN202221104936 U CN 202221104936U CN 217559946 U CN217559946 U CN 217559946U
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Abstract
A combined heat and power biogas ecological toilet device combines solar energy and biomass energy, converts the solar energy into heat energy through a solar heat collector (2) to heat water in a heat storage water tank (5), provides anaerobic fermentation conditions for a constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20), and meets the requirements of farmers for life through a dehydration and desulfurization mechanism (11). The photovoltaic array (1) can convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery (32), supplies power for circulating pumps (P1, P2) and a water pump (8) in the system and provides illumination for the ecological toilet. The waste water in the washing waste water collecting box (7) is treated by a filtering device and then is treated by a squatting pan (9), so that the problems of water resource shortage and toilet odor are solved, and the residual biogas slurry and biogas residues are used for field fertilization. In addition, the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism (20) can supply heat to the ecological toilet through radiation heat dissipation and heat conduction, and the comfort level of the peasant household in using the toilet and bathing in winter is improved. Simultaneously, the requirements of cooking gas, domestic hot water and illumination are met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ecological toilet, solar energy utilization technology, biomass methane utilization technology, concretely relates to ecological toilet technology of combined heat and power methane production.
Background
The existing ecological toilet mostly takes long-period natural fermentation as a main part and fails to effectively utilize biomass energy in excrement. The invention discloses a rural toilet antifreezing flushing system (application number 202022294730.0), which arranges a deep well and a septic tank below a soil layer freezing line, and water flow flows back below a frozen soil layer in winter to prevent freezing. The invention relates to an anti-freezing energy-saving odorless all-dimensional public toilet (application number 202022966915.1), which is invented by China, two electric heating pieces uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of a peripheral plate are arranged, two adjacent public toilet compartments are heated in severe cold weather, the freezing of the inner parts of a water tank and a water pipe in severe cold weather is avoided, and the use experience is improved. The invention relates to a rural portable toilet (application number 202022393215.8), a high-pressure air pump supplies high-pressure air to each nozzle through a ball valve when the rural portable toilet works in summer, a water storage tank is communicated with the outside atmosphere through a one-way air stop valve, and under the action of a siphon principle, water in the water storage tank breaks the pressure limit of the one-way air stop valve, so that the water is sprayed out of the nozzles to flush excrement into a sewage conveying pipe, the using amount of the flushing water can be greatly reduced, and water resources are saved; in order to prevent the flushing pipeline from being frozen in rural winter, after the urinal is flushed each time in winter, the electromagnetic valve is automatically opened, high-pressure gas provided by the high-pressure gas pump is sprayed to the nozzle from the closed water storage tank, so that residual water in the flushing pipeline is sprayed into the urinal from the nozzle, and the flushing pipeline is prevented from being frozen.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a cogeneration ecological toilet device for heat, power and methane.
The utility model relates to a cogeneration ecological toilet device of thermoelectric marsh gas, which comprises a solar heat collecting subsystem, a photovoltaic subsystem, a constant temperature marsh gas tank subsystem and a waste water toilet flushing water-saving subsystem, wherein a photovoltaic array 1 is connected with an inversion control integrated machine 6, the inversion control integrated machine 6 is communicated with a storage battery 32, the inversion control integrated machine 6 is connected with a first circulating water pump P1, a second circulating water pump P2 and a small water pump 8 to supply power for the inversion control integrated machine, the outlet end of a solar heat collector 2 is communicated with a heat exchange coil 4 in a heat storage water tank 5 through a first electromagnetic valve V1, a second temperature sensor T2 is arranged between the outlet end and the first electromagnetic valve V1, a third temperature sensor T3 is arranged in the heat exchange coil 4, the outlet end of the heat exchange coil 4 is communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector 2 through a second electromagnetic valve V2, the first circulating water pump P1 and a turbine flowmeter 3, a first temperature sensor T1 is arranged between the inlet of the solar heat collector 2 and the turbine flowmeter 3, a water outlet of the heat storage water tank 5 is connected with a constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 through a fifth electromagnetic valve V5 and a constant temperature controller 10, the backwater of a first heating coil 13-a around the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is connected with a water inlet of the heat storage water tank 5 after passing through a fourth electromagnetic valve V4, a second circulating water pump P2 and an eighth electromagnetic valve V8, a fourth temperature sensor T4 is arranged in the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20, the biogas generated after the biomass enters the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 and is subjected to anaerobic fermentation is introduced into a gas storage bag 12 after passing through a dehydration and desulfurization mechanism 11, a shower mechanism 14 and a hand washing pool 15 are connected with the heat storage water tank 5, and the washing wastewater generated by the shower mechanism 14 and the hand washing pool 15 is discharged into a washing wastewater collection box 7, the washing wastewater collecting box 7 is connected with a squatting pan 9 through a small-sized water pump 8, and the excrement of the squatting pan 9 is discharged into the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses utilize the natural resource availability around the peasant household, carry out the processing of discarded object, energy from low-quality to high-quality conversion to realize renewable energy's high-efficient utilization. Solar collector 2 that the device contains turns into solar energy heat energy, and photovoltaic array 1 converts solar energy into the electric energy, and constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 converts biomass energy into the gas, and the three jointly uses, and the beneficial effect who has is:
a. compare with traditional ecological lavatory, because the utility model discloses with solar energy water heater, solar photovoltaic board constant temperature methane-generating pit coupling one-tenth thermoelectric biogas coproduction ecological lavatory device, combine northwest area solar energy abundant characteristics, in the face of cold area lavatory winter frozen, the public health of lavatory is poor, the peasant household can't comfortable bathe and traditional methane-generating pit produces unstable scheduling problem, the utility model discloses processing that can be nimble. Provides good toilet and bath environment for farmers, reduces water resource pollution of rural excrement and urine, and achieves harmlessness, cleanness and ecology.
b. The utility model is not only a sanitary toilet, but also can be used as an energy station and a waste disposal station which can generate heat energy, electric energy and methane, thereby meeting the daily basic requirements of farmers. The solar heat collector 2 generates heat energy, the photovoltaic array 1 generates electric energy, the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 serves as a waste disposal unit, a treatment place is provided for human and animal excreta, organic garbage and the like, returning and recycling of biogas residue fertilization enables biomass to be recycled to the maximum extent, sanitation and cleanness of rural living environment are guaranteed, and meanwhile daily gas demand requirements of farmers are met.
c. The washing wastewater collected by the wastewater toilet-flushing water-saving system is filtered to flush the toilet, so that water resources are saved, and the utilization of the resources is realized.
d. The utility model discloses can adopt multiple operation strategy at the in-process of operation, when solar radiation is strong in summer, continuous cloudy day, winter solar radiation is weak, in the face of peasant household's actual demand, the dynamic regulation and control can be carried out to the invention, sustainable operation 4 days under extreme weather. According to different gas demands of farmers in working days, rest days and spring seasons, the thermostatic fermentation mechanism 20 is subjected to dynamic temperature control by using the thermostatic controller 10 for temperature adjustment so as to adjust the gas production rate, the internal environment of the methane tank is kept constant, and a liquid control height warning indicator is arranged for timely feedback while energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model provides a thermoelectric biogas coproduction ecological toilet device's schematic structure view, fig. 2 is the utility model provides a thermoelectric biogas coproduction ecological toilet device's three-dimensional structure view, fig. 3 is the utility model provides a thermoelectric biogas coproduction ecological toilet device photovoltaic array's schematic structure view, fig. 4 is the utility model provides a thermoelectric biogas coproduction ecological toilet device constant temperature fermentation gas production device's plane schematic diagram.
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a cogeneration ecological toilet device of thermoelectric marsh gas, which comprises a solar heat collecting subsystem, a photovoltaic subsystem, a constant temperature marsh gas tank subsystem and a waste water toilet flushing water-saving subsystem, wherein a photovoltaic array 1 is connected with an inversion control integrated machine 6, the inversion control integrated machine 6 is communicated with a storage battery 32, the inversion control integrated machine 6 is connected with a first circulating water pump P1, a second circulating water pump P2 and a small water pump 8 to supply power for the inversion control integrated machine, the outlet end of a solar heat collector 2 is communicated with a heat exchange coil 4 in a heat storage water tank 5 through a first electromagnetic valve V1, a second temperature sensor T2 is arranged between the outlet end and the first electromagnetic valve V1, a third temperature sensor T3 is arranged in the heat exchange coil 4, the outlet end of the heat exchange coil 4 is communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector 2 through a second electromagnetic valve V2, the first circulating water pump P1 and a turbine flow meter 3, a first temperature sensor T1 is arranged between the inlet of the solar heat collector 2 and the turbine flowmeter 3, a water outlet of the heat storage water tank 5 is connected with a constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 through a fifth electromagnetic valve V5 and a constant temperature controller 10, the backwater of a first heating coil 13-a around the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is connected with a water inlet of the heat storage water tank 5 after passing through a fourth electromagnetic valve V4, a second circulating water pump P2 and an eighth electromagnetic valve V8, a fourth temperature sensor T4 is arranged in the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20, the biogas generated after the biomass enters the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 and is subjected to anaerobic fermentation is introduced into a gas storage bag 12 after passing through a dehydration and desulfurization mechanism 11, a shower mechanism 14 and a hand washing pool 15 are connected with the heat storage water tank 5, and the washing wastewater generated by the shower mechanism 14 and the hand washing pool 15 is discharged into a washing wastewater collection box 7, the washing wastewater collecting box 7 is connected with a squatting pan 9 through a small water pump 8, and the excrement of the squatting pan 9 is discharged into the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20.
In the device, the solar heat collection subsystem consists of a solar heat collector 2, namely two groups of full-glass vacuum tubes of a south wall, a heat storage water tank 5, a turbine flowmeter 3, a first circulating water pump P1, a heat exchange coil 4, a first temperature sensor T1, a second temperature sensor T2 and a third temperature sensor T3; the photovoltaic subsystem consists of a photovoltaic array 1, an inversion control integrated machine 6 and a storage battery 32; the solar heat collector 2 is an all-glass vacuum tube type heat collector or a PV/T assembly; the solar heat collector 2 is divided into an upper group and a lower group of heat collectors, namely a first group of vacuum tube heat collectors 2-a and a second group of vacuum tube heat collectors 2-b, and the two groups of heat collectors are different in type selection.
In the device, the constant-temperature methane tank subsystem consists of a constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20, a first heating coil 13-a, a second heating coil 13-b, a second circulating water pump P2, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a fifth temperature sensor T5, a sixth temperature sensor T6 and a constant-temperature controller 10; the anti-freezing of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is realized by laying a folding coil pipe at the bottom and the side wall of the methane tank; when the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is lower than the set fermentation temperature range, a second circulating water pump P2 is started for circulating heating; the squatting pan 9 is connected with the feed inlet 31, the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 leads biogas generated by biomass energy such as excrement and urine, domestic organic garbage and the like to the biogas storage bag 12 through the gas guide pipe 28 after being treated by the dehydration and desulfurization mechanism 11, and leads the biogas storage bag to the biogas stove through the pipeline; the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 and the gas storage bag 12 are red mud soft methane bags.
The device, waste water towards lavatory water conservation subsystem comprises heat storage tank 5, squatting pan 9, shower mechanism 14, the pond of washing hand 15, and heat storage tank 5 is connected with the pond of washing hand 15 and shower mechanism 14, links to each other shower mechanism 14 and the pond of washing hand 15 in the waste water collecting box 7 of washing one's face and rinsing one's mouth through sewer line 17, and the waste water collecting box 7 of washing one's face and rinsing one's mouth links to each other with squatting pan 9, and small-size water pump 8 is with waste water pump income squatting pan 9 towards lavatory, and the system waste water is used for towards the lavatory, does not need external water source towards the lavatory.
According to the device, the first heat-insulation plate 27-a, the second heat-insulation plate 27-b and the third heat-insulation plate 27-c in the enclosure structure are detachable polystyrene foam plates, extruded plates or composite of polyurethane heat-insulation plates and color steel plates, and the support of the enclosure structure adopts cold square tubes or steel columns 33 to meet the winter anti-freezing requirement of the cogeneration ecological toilet device for the cogeneration of heat and methane.
The device at least comprises a summer operation mode, a winter operation mode and a holiday dynamic operation mode; when the ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat, power and methane is in a summer operation mode, only the first group of vacuum tube heat collectors 2-a are needed to operate; when the ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat, power and methane is in a winter operation mode, the first group of vacuum tube heat collectors 2-a and the second group of vacuum tube heat collectors 2-b are required to operate simultaneously; when the ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat and power methane is in a holiday operation mode, the methane tank is dynamically controlled by temperature according to the gas demand of farmers such as working days, rest days and spring seasons to adjust the gas production, and the temperature is adjusted by the constant temperature controller 10, so that the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 stably operates at 28 +/-2 ℃ and 37 +/-2 ℃.
According to the device, heat collecting pipe anti-freezing circulation control is adopted in winter, the temperature of the heat collector measured by the system is lower than the preset temperature, such as 5 ℃, and circulation anti-freezing is started; when the temperature rises to 2-3 ℃, the circulation system delays for 2min and then stops the anti-freezing circulation.
In order to facilitate the intuitive understanding of the technical means, innovative features and practical functions of the present invention, the detailed description is further provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The utility model discloses combine together solar energy and biomass energy, convert solar radiation energy into heat energy through solar collector 2 and heat the water in the hot water storage tank 5, for constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 provides the anaerobic fermentation condition, its produced marsh gas lets in the life needs that gas storage bag 12 can satisfy the peasant household through dehydration, desulfurization mechanism 11. The photovoltaic array 1 can convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery 32, and can supply power for the first water circulating pump P1, the second water circulating pump P2 and the small water pump 8 in the system and provide illumination for the ecological toilet. The waste water in the washing waste water collecting box 7 is treated by a filtering mechanism and then the squatting pan 9 is washed, so that the problems of water resource shortage and toilet peculiar smell are solved, and the residual biogas slurry and residue are used for field fertilization. In addition, the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can supply heat to the ecological toilet through radiation heat dissipation and heat conduction, and the comfort level of the peasant household in using the toilet and bathing in winter is improved. Simultaneously, the requirements of cooking gas, domestic hot water and illumination are met.
The solar heat collector 2 is an all-glass vacuum tube solar heat collector or a PV/T heat collector, the heat collectors are divided into two groups, the first group of all-glass vacuum tube heat collectors 2-a on the upper surface is a group with a smaller heat collection area, and the second group of all-glass vacuum tube heat collectors 2-b on the lower surface is a group with a larger heat collection area. The constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is a constant temperature anaerobic fermentation methane tank. The constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is provided with a feed inlet 31, a discharge outlet 30 and a fourth temperature sensor T4. The constant temperature controller 10 is a PID temperature controller, and the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 and the gas storage bag 12 adopt red mud soft methane bags. The heating coil 13 is a meander-type coil. The power generation device generates power for the photovoltaic array 1 and consists of a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module with peak power of 100 Wp, an inverter 6 and a storage battery 32.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation does: solar energy is converted into heat energy by utilizing the solar energy direct radiation heat absorbed from the solar heat collector 2 and the solar energy scattering radiation heat, the heat exchange between the working medium and the water in the heat storage water tank 5 is carried out in the heat exchange coil 4, and the circulation of the heat collection system is carried out through the first circulating water pump P1. When the third temperature sensor T3 shows that the water temperature of the heat storage water tank 5 reaches 50 ℃, the water flow is adjusted through the first electromagnetic valve V1 and the second electromagnetic valve V2, so that the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can stably ferment and produce gas at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ in summer and 28 ℃ in winter. The subsystem consists of a photovoltaic array 1, an inversion control integrated machine 6 and a storage battery 32, and the working principle of a solar photovoltaic power generation system is as follows: the photovoltaic array 1 converts solar energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy in the storage battery 32; when there is no illumination, the storage battery 32 converts direct current into alternating current through the inversion control integrated machine 6, and is connected with the first circulating water pump P1, the second circulating water pump P2 and the small water pump 8 to supply power to the load. The generated electric energy firstly meets the electric energy requirement in the system, and redundant electric energy is stored or used in household. The constant temperature control of the methane tank is realized by a constant temperature controller 10. The anti-freezing of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is realized by laying a first heating coil 13-a at the bottom and the side wall of the methane tank. A fourth temperature sensor T4 is arranged in the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 to measure the temperature of the fermentation liquid, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 are measured through a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a sixth temperature sensor T6, and when the temperature difference between the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the sixth temperature sensor T6 is lower than the set temperature difference of 2 ℃, the second circulating water pump P2 is started to circulate. In a certain temperature range, the gas production rate of the biogas increases and decreases along with the increase of the temperature of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20, which is not a linear relationship but a hump curve, and the gas production can have peak values at 37 ℃ and 52 ℃, which are respectively called medium temperature fermentation and high temperature fermentation. The ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat and power methane carries out dynamic temperature control on the methane tank according to the gas demand of farmers, such as working days, rest days and spring festival, so as to adjust the gas production, and the thermostatic controller 10 carries out temperature adjustment control, so that the gas production of the thermostatic fermentation mechanism 20 is improved to meet the needs of the farmers. The constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can meet the requirement of gas utilization of farmers by keeping the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism at a low temperature of 28 ℃ at ordinary times, and energy consumption is saved. The biomass energy generated by the squatting pan 9 and the domestic organic garbage can enter the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 together, pass through the dehydration and desulfurization mechanism 11 after anaerobic fermentation, and then are introduced into the gas storage bag 12, and are periodically led to the methane stove through a pipeline so as to meet the cooking gas demand of farmers.
The utility model discloses a ecological lavatory system of combined heat and power marsh gas production includes solar energy collection subsystem, photovoltaic subsystem, constant temperature methane-generating pit subsystem and waste water towards lavatory water conservation subsystem.
Solar energy collection subsystem: this subsystem is by two sets of full glass vacuum tubes of solar collector 2 south wall promptly, hot water storage tank 5, turbine flowmeter 3, first circulating water pump P1, heat transfer coil 4, first temperature sensor T1, second temperature sensor T2, third temperature sensor T3 constitutes, utilize from the direct radiant heat of solar energy and the solar energy scattered radiant heat that solar collector 2 absorbs, turn into solar energy heat energy, carry out the heat transfer of working medium and the water in hot water storage tank 5 in heat transfer coil 4, carry out the circulation of collecting system through first circulating water pump P1. When the third temperature sensor T3 shows that the water temperature of the heat storage water tank 5 reaches 50 ℃, the water flow is adjusted through the first electromagnetic valve V1 and the second electromagnetic valve V2, so that the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can stably ferment and produce gas at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ in summer and 28 ℃ in winter. The flow rate can be detected with the turbine flow meter 3.
A photovoltaic subsystem: the subsystem is composed of a photovoltaic array 1, an inversion control integrated machine 6 and a storage battery 32, and the working principle of a solar photovoltaic power generation system is as follows: the photovoltaic array 1 converts solar energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy in the storage battery 32; when there is no illumination, the storage battery 32 converts direct current into alternating current through the inversion control integrated machine 6, and is connected with the first circulating water pump P1, the second circulating water pump P2 and the small water pump 8 to supply power to the load. The generated electric energy firstly meets the electric energy requirement in the system, and redundant electric energy is stored or used in household.
The constant-temperature methane tank subsystem: the subsystem consists of a constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20, a first heating coil 13-a, a second heating coil 13-b, a second circulating water pump P2, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a sixth temperature sensor T6, and the constant temperature control of the biogas digester is realized through a constant temperature controller 10. The anti-freezing of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 is realized by laying a first heating coil 13-a and a second heating coil 13-b on the bottom and the side wall of the methane tank. A fourth temperature sensor T4 is arranged in the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 to measure the temperature of the fermentation liquid, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 are measured through a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a sixth temperature sensor T6, and when the temperature difference between the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the sixth temperature sensor T6 is lower than the set temperature difference of 2 ℃, the second circulating water pump P2 is started to circulate. In a certain temperature range, the gas production rate of the biogas increases and decreases along with the increase of the temperature of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20, which is not a linear relationship but a hump curve, and the gas production can have peak values at 37 ℃ and 52 ℃, which are respectively called medium temperature fermentation and high temperature fermentation. The ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat, power and methane carries out dynamic temperature control on the methane tank according to the gas demand of farmers, such as working days, rest days and spring festival, so as to adjust the gas yield, and carries out temperature adjustment control through the constant temperature controller 10, so as to improve the gas yield of the constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 and meet the needs of the farmers. The constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can meet the requirement of gas utilization of farmers by keeping the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism at a low temperature of 28 ℃ at ordinary times, and energy consumption is saved. The biomass energy generated by the squatting pan 9 and the domestic organic garbage can enter the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism 20 together, are subjected to anaerobic fermentation, pass through the dehydration and desulfurization mechanism 11, then are introduced into the gas storage bag 12, and are periodically led to the methane stove through a pipeline, so that the cooking gas demand of farmers is met.
The waste water flushing water-saving subsystem: the subsystem consists of a heat storage water tank 5, a squatting pan 9, a shower mechanism 14 and a hand washing pool 15, hot water generated by the heat storage water tank 5 flows into the hand washing pool 15 and the shower mechanism 14, washing wastewater generated by the shower mechanism 14 and the hand washing pool 15 is discharged into a washing wastewater collecting box 7 through a sewer pipeline 17 for collection and filtration, the washing wastewater collecting box 7 is connected with the squatting pan 9, a small water pump 8 pumps the wastewater into the squatting pan 9 for flushing a toilet, and feces of people are discharged into a constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 for anaerobic fermentation, so that water resources are saved. Considering the influence of factors such as the pH value, the surfactant content, the COD value, the ammonia nitrogen content and the like of the washing wastewater on the anaerobic fermentation, the washing wastewater can be treated by a coagulation method.
The utility model discloses under winter operating mode, constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can maintain 28 ℃ steady operation. According to the conservation of mass and the balance of energy, the energy consumption of the enclosure structure, the heat demand of the constant-temperature methane tank, the daily average heat consumption of domestic hot water and the like can be calculated and simulated, and the required energy of the device is about 27.85 MJ/d. Under the working condition in winter, because the radiation is relatively low, the utility model discloses a solar vacuum tube heat collector heat collecting area is 4.44m 2 . Two groups of all-glass vacuum tube heat collectors run simultaneously, the number of vacuum tubes in the first group is 30, each vacuum tube is 1.80m long and 58mm in inner diameter, the number of vacuum tubes in the second group is 30, each vacuum tube is 1.20m long and 47mm in inner diameter, hot water can be supplied for about 4.8t in winter, and methane can be produced for about 123.0m 3 The power generation is about 170.4kWh. In order to prevent the circulation pipeline from being frozen, blocked and burst and in cold night, the system adopts the heat collecting pipeline anti-freezing circulation control: the temperature of the inlet and the outlet of the heat collector measured by the system is lower than 5 ℃, and the circulation is started for preventing freezing; when the temperature rises to 8 ℃, the circulation system delays for 2min and then stops the anti-freezing circulation. The utility model discloses not only guaranteed the public health requirement, still satisfied the peasant household winter like the comfort level requirement of lavatory and bathing.
The utility model discloses under summer operating mode, constant temperature fermentation mechanism 20 can maintain 37 ℃ steady operation. According to the conservation of mass and the balance of energy, the heat consumption of the enclosure structure, the heat demand of the constant-temperature methane tank, the average heat consumption of hot days of life and the like can be calculated and simulated, and the energy output required by the mechanism is 16.69 MJ/d. Under the working condition of summer, the radiation is relatively higher in sunshine, the utility model discloses a solar vacuum tube heat collector heat collecting area is 1.55m 2 Only a second group of all-glass vacuum tubes are needed for heat collectionThe device runs, and energy consumption is saved. The second group of vacuum tubes is 30, each vacuum tube is 1.20m long, and the inner diameter of the vacuum tube is 47mm. The heat and power biogas cogeneration ecological toilet device can provide hot water for about 9.6t in summer and can produce biogas for about 245m 3 And the electricity is generated by about 255.6 kWh.
The utility model discloses the annual accumulative reduction consumes about 915.80kg of standard coal, shows according to the data and burns completely and produce CO according to 1kg of standard coal 2 2.49 kg, 0.68 kg dust, SO 2 Is 0.075 kg NO x Calculated as 0.0375kg, the system can reduce the emission of CO every year 2 Dust SO 2 、NO x 2280.34kg, 622.74kg, 68.69kg and 34.34kg respectively, and the energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits are obvious.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a ecological lavatory device of cogeneration of heat and power marsh gas, including solar energy collection subsystem, photovoltaic subsystem, constant temperature methane-generating pit subsystem and waste water flushing water conservation subsystem, the heat preservation wall in its outside envelope adopts first heated board (27-a), second heated board (27-b), third heated board (27-c), photovoltaic array (1) links to each other with contravariant control all-in-one (6), contravariant control all-in-one (6) and battery (32) UNICOM, contravariant control all-in-one (6) and first circulating water pump (P1), second circulating water pump (P2) and small-size water pump (8) link to each other for its power supply, the exit end of solar energy collector (2) is linked together through heat exchange coil (4) in first solenoid valve (V1) and heat storage water tank (5), be equipped with second temperature sensor (T2) between exit and first solenoid valve (V1), be equipped with third temperature sensor (T3) in heat exchange coil (4), the exit of heat exchange coil (4) is linked together through second solenoid valve (V2), first circulating water pump (P1) and first solenoid valve (V1) are equipped with the turbine heat collector (5) inlet of water meter (5), the water meter (5) between the inlet of solar energy collector (5) and the turbine meter (5) is equipped with the inlet (V3), the outlet of the turbine meter (5) and the turbine meter (5) are equipped with the outlet of the turbine meter (5) and the turbine meter (V2) are equipped with the outlet of the heat exchanger (V2), the turbine meter (5) and the outlet of the heat exchanger (V2) are equipped with the turbine meter, the constant temperature controller (10) is connected with the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20), heating backwater from a heating coil (13) around the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20) passes through a fourth electromagnetic valve (V4), a second circulating water pump (P2) and an eighth electromagnetic valve (V8) and then is connected with a water inlet of a heat storage water tank (5), a fourth temperature sensor (T4) is arranged in the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20), biomass can enter the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20) and is subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas which passes through a dehydration and desulfurization mechanism (11) and then is introduced into a gas storage bag (12), the shower mechanism (14) and the hand sink (15) are connected with the heat storage water tank (5), washing wastewater generated by the shower mechanism (14) and the hand sink (15) is discharged into a washing wastewater collection box (7), the washing wastewater collection box (7) is connected with a squatting pan (9) through a small water pump (8), and excrement of the squatting pan (9) is discharged into the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20).
2. The biogas cogeneration ecological toilet facility according to claim 1, wherein: the solar heat collection subsystem consists of a solar heat collector (2), namely two groups of all-glass vacuum tubes of a south wall, a heat storage water tank (5), a turbine flowmeter (3), a first circulating water pump (P1), a heat exchange coil (4), a first temperature sensor (T1), a second temperature sensor (T2) and a third temperature sensor (T3); the photovoltaic subsystem consists of a photovoltaic array (1), an inversion control integrated machine (6) and a storage battery (32); the solar heat collector (2) is an all-glass vacuum tube type heat collector or a PV/T assembly; the solar heat collector (2) is divided into an upper group and a lower group of heat collectors, namely a first group of vacuum tube heat collectors (2-a) and a second group of vacuum tube heat collectors (2-b), and the two groups of heat collectors are different in type selection.
3. The biogas cogeneration ecological toilet facility according to claim 1, wherein: the constant-temperature methane tank subsystem consists of a constant-temperature fermentation mechanism (20), a first heating coil (13), a second heating coil (26), a second circulating water pump (P2), a fourth temperature sensor (T4), a fifth temperature sensor (T5), a sixth temperature sensor (T6) and a constant-temperature controller (10); the anti-freezing of the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism (20) is realized by laying a folding coil pipe at the bottom and the side wall of the methane tank; when the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism (20) is lower than the set fermentation temperature range, a second circulating water pump (P2) is started for circulating heating; the squatting pan (9) is connected with the feeding hole (31), and the biogas generated by the constant-temperature fermentation mechanism (20) can be treated by the excrement, the urine, the domestic organic garbage and other biomass energy through the dehydration and desulfurization mechanism (11), then is introduced into the gas storage bag (12) through the gas guide pipe (28), and is led to the biogas stove through the pipeline; the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20) and the gas storage bag (12) are red mud soft methane bags.
4. The biogas cogeneration ecological toilet facility according to claim 1, wherein: the waste water toilet flushing water-saving subsystem is composed of a heat storage water tank (5), a squatting pan (9), a shower mechanism (14) and a hand washing pool (15), wherein the heat storage water tank (5) is connected with the hand washing pool (15) and the shower mechanism (14), the shower mechanism (14) and the hand washing pool (15) are connected with a washing waste water collecting box (7) through a sewer pipeline (17), the washing waste water collecting box (7) is connected with the squatting pan (9), a small water pump (8) pumps waste water into the squatting pan (9) for toilet flushing, and the system waste water is used for toilet flushing without an external water source.
5. The ecological toilet device with cogeneration of heat and power and biogas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first insulation board (27-a), the second insulation board (27-b) and the third insulation board (27-c) in the enclosure structure are detachable polystyrene foam boards, extruded sheets or composite of polyurethane insulation boards and color steel plates, and the support of the enclosure structure adopts cold square pipes or steel columns (33) to meet the requirement of winter freezing prevention of the ecological toilet device with cogeneration of heat and power and biogas.
6. The biogas cogeneration ecological toilet facility according to claim 1, wherein: the device at least comprises a summer operation mode, a winter operation mode and a holiday dynamic operation mode; when the ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat, power and methane is in a summer operation mode, only the first group of vacuum tube heat collectors (2-a) are needed to operate; when the heat and methane cogeneration ecological toilet device is in a winter operation mode, a first group of vacuum tube heat collectors (2-a) and a second group of vacuum tube heat collectors (2-b) are required to operate simultaneously; when the ecological toilet device for cogeneration of heat and power methane is in a holiday operation mode, the methane tank is dynamically controlled by temperature according to the gas demand of farmers such as working days, rest days and spring seasons to adjust the gas production, and the temperature is adjusted by the constant temperature controller (10), so that the constant temperature fermentation mechanism (20) stably operates at 28 +/-2 ℃ and 37 +/-2 ℃.
7. The ecological toilet device with cogeneration of heat and methane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat collecting pipeline is used for antifreezing circulation control in winter, the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the heat collector measured by the system is lower than a preset temperature, and the circulation antifreezing is started; when the temperature rises to 2-3 ℃, the circulation system delays for 2min and then stops the anti-freezing circulation.
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| CN114811710A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 兰州理工大学 | Ecological lavatory system of combined heat and power marsh gas production |
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