CN217501695U - Supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction that buries - Google Patents
Supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction that buries Download PDFInfo
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- CN217501695U CN217501695U CN202221355173.1U CN202221355173U CN217501695U CN 217501695 U CN217501695 U CN 217501695U CN 202221355173 U CN202221355173 U CN 202221355173U CN 217501695 U CN217501695 U CN 217501695U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak country rock tunnel construction that buries, include: the advanced support structure is arranged on the tunnel crown surrounding rock; a primary support structure; the method comprises an arch part primary support, an inverted arch primary support and a temporary inverted arch; the arch primary support is arranged at the tunnel arch part corresponding to the upper step, the middle step and the lower step, an expansion arch foot and a foot locking anchor pipe are arranged at the arch foot part of the arch primary support, and the expansion arch foot and the foot locking anchor pipe are all arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch part in a drilling and anchoring mode; the inverted arch primary support is correspondingly arranged at the inverted arch of the tunnel; on the cross section of the tunnel, the temporary inverted arch is transversely arranged at the position of the middle step, and two ends of the temporary inverted arch are fixedly connected with the primary supports of the arch parts on two sides respectively. The utility model discloses can improve preliminary bracing structure's atress performance, effectively resist preliminary bracing's the deformation of sinking.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel construction supporting construction field. More specifically, the utility model relates to a supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak country rock tunnel construction that buries.
Background
In coastal areas of China, due to the fact that geological environments are complex and changeable, construction activities are frequent, typhoon rainfall is more, a plurality of challenges are brought to tunnel construction, and particularly, surrounding rock instability and structural damage phenomena are easy to occur to tunnels under complex geological conditions such as rich water, shallow burying, bias pressure, sandy soft rock and the like, so that tunnel bodies are slow to tunnel, prone to collapse and prone to large deformation. The traditional supporting structure has the advantages that during construction by a three-step method, primary supporting is performed to form rings late, the bearing capacity of the arch springing of the upper step is weak, and the tunnel face is easy to deform due to extrusion. Therefore, a supporting structure suitable for the construction of a shallow-buried water-rich sandy-soil-like weak surrounding rock tunnel is needed, which can improve the stress performance of primary support and resist the sinking deformation of the primary support.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
It is an object of the present invention to improve the load bearing capacity of the preliminary bracing, resist the sinking deformation of the preliminary bracing, and provide at least the advantages that will be described later.
In order to realize the basis the utility model discloses a these purposes and other advantages provide a supporting construction suitable for shallowly bury rich water sandy soil form weak country rock tunnel construction, the tunnel includes that the adoption three steps reserve the upper ledge, the well step and the lower step that core soil excavation method excavation obtained, supporting construction includes:
the advanced support structure is arranged on the tunnel crown surrounding rock;
a primary support structure; the method comprises an arch part primary support, an inverted arch primary support and a temporary inverted arch; the arch primary support is arranged at the tunnel arch part corresponding to the upper step, the middle step and the lower step, an expansion arch foot and a foot locking anchor pipe are arranged at the arch foot part of the arch primary support, and the expansion arch foot and the foot locking anchor pipe are all arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch part in a drilling and anchoring mode; the inverted arch primary support is correspondingly arranged at the inverted arch of the tunnel; on the cross section of the tunnel, the temporary inverted arch is transversely arranged at the position of the middle step, and two ends of the temporary inverted arch are fixedly connected with the primary supports of the arch parts on two sides respectively.
Preferably, the advanced supporting structure comprises a plurality of medium pipe sheds and a plurality of advanced small pipes which are arranged in the arc length range of 140-150 degrees of the tunnel crown; and a plurality of grouting holes are drilled in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe, the outer inserting feet are 10-15 degrees, and grouting is performed in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe to form the advanced support structure.
Preferably, the arch part preliminary bracing comprises an upper step preliminary bracing, a middle step preliminary bracing and a lower step preliminary bracing, the upper step preliminary bracing, the middle step preliminary bracing and the lower step preliminary bracing all comprise a steel arch, a steel mesh and a first concrete layer, the steel arch and the steel mesh are matched with the shape of the tunnel arch part, the steel arch and the steel mesh are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and concrete is filled in the steel arch and between the steel arch and the steel mesh to form the first concrete layer.
Preferably, the expansion arch springing is arranged at the arch springing at two sides of the steel arch centering in the preliminary bracing of the upper step, and the expansion arch springing extends out of the surrounding rock of the corresponding tunnel arch part by at least 50 cm.
Preferably, the locking anchor pipes are arranged at the arch springing positions on two sides of the steel arch centering in the upper step primary support, the middle step primary support and the lower step primary support, the locking anchor pipes are obliquely and downwards arranged and anchored into surrounding rocks at the arch part of the tunnel, and the locking anchor pipes are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding steel arch centering.
Preferably, the temporary inverted arch comprises a steel frame, a steel bar net piece and a second concrete layer, two ends of the steel frame are respectively and fixedly connected with the steel arch frame in the middle-step primary support, the steel bar net piece is laid below the steel frame, and concrete is filled in the steel frame and between the steel frame and the steel bar net piece to form the second concrete layer.
Preferably, the primary support structure further comprises a secondary lining structure, and the secondary lining structure is arranged on the inner side of the primary support structure.
The utility model discloses at least, include following beneficial effect:
the utility model provides a supporting structure suitable for shallow-buried rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction, through leading supporting structure restrain the deformation and collapse of surrounding rock in the excavation process; the arch springing, the locking anchor pipe and the temporary inverted arch are arranged, so that the bearing capacity of the arch springing is enhanced, the stress performance of the primary supporting structure is improved, the primary supporting structure is looped as early as possible, and the sinking deformation of the primary supporting structure can be effectively resisted.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position structure of the dewatering well according to the above embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak country rock tunnel construction that buries, the tunnel includes that the last step 15, the well step 14 and the lower step 13 that adopt three steps to reserve the core soil excavation method excavation to obtain, supporting construction includes:
the advanced support structure 1 is arranged on the tunnel crown surrounding rock;
a primary support structure; the method comprises an arch primary support, an inverted arch primary support 10 and a temporary inverted arch 12; the arch early support is arranged at the tunnel arch part corresponding to the upper step 15, the middle step 14 and the lower step 13, the arch early support is provided with an expanded arch springing 3 and a locking anchor pipe at the arch springing part, and the expanded arch springing 3 and the locking anchor pipe are both arranged and anchored in the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch part; the inverted arch primary support 10 is correspondingly arranged at the inverted arch of the tunnel; on the cross section of the tunnel, the temporary inverted arch 12 is transversely arranged at the position of the middle step, and two ends of the temporary inverted arch are respectively fixedly connected with the primary supports of the arch parts at two sides.
In the technical scheme, the advanced support structure 1 is arranged on the surrounding rock of the top arch of the tunnel before the tunnel is excavated to protect the subsequent excavated part of the tunnel. After the surrounding rock advance support is completed, sequentially excavating an upper step 15, a middle step 14, a lower step 15 and an inverted arch by adopting a three-step reserved core soil excavation method, and timely constructing the arch primary support, the temporary inverted arch 12 and the inverted arch primary support 10 at the corresponding positions of the upper step 15, the middle step 14 and the lower step 13 after the excavation at each stage is completed, wherein the tunnel arch primary support and the inverted arch primary support 10 form a closed-loop primary support structure on the cross section of a tunnel. In order to increase the stress performance of the primary support, the enlarged arch springing 3 and the locking anchor pipe are arranged at the arch springing of the primary support of the arch part, so that the primary support structure is prevented from sinking and deforming. Further, the supporting structure also comprises a secondary lining structure, and the secondary lining structure is constructed immediately after the primary supporting structure is completed. The two-lining structure comprises two lining arch walls 4 correspondingly arranged on the tunnel arch part and two lining inverted arches 11 correspondingly arranged on the inverted arches.
The advance support structure 1 adopts the mode that well pipe shed adds the little pipe in advance, restraines the deformation and the collapse of tunnel country rock among the excavation process, prevents that the country rock is not hard up and reduce intensity and stability. Specifically, the advanced supporting structure 1 comprises a plurality of medium pipe sheds and a plurality of advanced small pipes which are arranged in the arc length range of 140-150 degrees of a tunnel top arch; and a plurality of grouting holes are drilled in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe, the outer pins are 10-15 degrees, and grouting is performed in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe to form the advanced support structure 1. The middle pipe shed and the advanced small guide pipes can be arranged in a staggered mode within the arc length range of the top arch of the tunnel, and after one layer of the middle pipe shed is arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, one layer of the advanced small guide pipes is arranged above the middle pipe shed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
The arch early-stage support comprises an upper step early-stage support 2, a middle step early-stage support 6 and a lower step early-stage support 9 which are respectively and correspondingly arranged at tunnel arch parts of positions corresponding to the upper step 15, the middle step 14 and the lower step 13, wherein the upper step early-stage support 2, the middle step early-stage support 6 and the lower step early-stage support 9 respectively comprise a steel arch frame, a reinforcing mesh and a first concrete layer, the steel arch frame, the reinforcing mesh and the first concrete layer are matched with the tunnel arch parts in shape, the steel arch frame and the reinforcing mesh are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and concrete is filled in the steel arch frame, the steel arch frame and the reinforcing mesh to form the first concrete layer.
In order to effectively enhance the arch springing bearing capacity of the steel arch centering in the upper step primary support 2 and inhibit the soft rock tunnel face from extruding and deforming, the arch springing parts at two sides of the steel arch centering in the upper step primary support 2 are provided with the expansion arch springing 3, and the expansion arch springing 3 extends out by at least 50cm to the surrounding rock of the corresponding tunnel arch part.
The two sides of the steel arch centering of the upper step primary support 2, the middle step primary support 6 and the lower step primary support 9 are provided with the locking anchor pipes, the locking anchor pipes are obliquely and downwards arranged and anchored into surrounding rocks at the arch part of the tunnel, and the locking anchor pipes are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding steel arch centering. The stress performance of the primary supporting structure is improved through the lock pin anchor pipes, and the primary supporting structure is resistant to sinking deformation.
The temporary inverted arch 12 is constructed in time after the middle step 14 is excavated, the primary supporting structure is looped as early as possible in a mode of adding a locking anchor pipe to the temporary inverted arch, and the stress performance of the primary supporting structure is guaranteed. Specifically, the temporary inverted arch 12 includes a steel frame, a steel mesh and a second concrete layer, two ends of the steel frame are respectively and fixedly connected with the steel arch in the preliminary support of the middle step, the steel mesh is laid below the steel frame, and concrete is filled in the steel frame and between the steel frame and the steel mesh to form the second concrete layer.
During actual construction, the supporting structure is gradually built along with the construction process when a tunnel is excavated by adopting a three-step reserved core soil excavation method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing the advance support mechanism 1: arranging a middle pipe shed and a small advanced guide pipe within 150 degrees of the tunnel arch, wherein the front ends of the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe are in a taper shape, the circumferential distance is 30cm, the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe are uniformly distributed, the longitudinal distance of the middle pipe shed is 9.6m, the longitudinal distance of the small advanced guide pipe is 2.4m, and the external insertion angle is 10-15 degrees; and grouting holes are drilled in the pipe walls of the medium pipe shed and the advanced small pipe, the hole interval is 15cm, and the grouting material adopts a water-cement ratio of 0.8: 1-1: 1, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1 Mpa.
(2) Excavating an upper step 15: after arch advanced support, circularly excavating an upper arc guide pit, reserving core soil, controlling the distance of 1 steel frame per circular excavation length, manually trimming after excavation, and spraying concrete in time to close the working face.
(3) Constructing an upper step primary support 2: the steel arch centering in the upper step preliminary bracing 2 is installed in three sections, the ring direction is connected by steel plate bolts, the longitudinal direction adopts the connecting ribs to connect, the ring direction interval of the connecting ribs is 1.0m, the concrete precast blocks are supported at the arch springing positions at the two sides of the steel arch centering, and the expanding arch springing 3 is applied and constructed, and the expanding arch springing 3 extends out 50cm to the surrounding rock direction. The reinforcing mesh adopts phi 8mm reinforcing steel bars, the grid spacing is 20cm multiplied by 20cm, and then concrete is sprayed to form the first concrete layer.
(4) Constructing locking anchor pipes on two sides of the upper-step primary support 2: and (3) arranging a locking anchor pipe 5 downwards at 45 degrees at a position of 30cm above the arch springs at two sides of the steel arch frame in the upper step primary support 2, wherein the diameter of the anchor pipe is 42mm, the wall thickness is 4mm, the length is 3.5m, the locking anchor pipe 5 is firmly welded with the steel arch frame, the locking grouting pressure adopts 1MPa, and concrete is sprayed in time for sealing after the construction is finished.
(5) Excavating a middle step 14, and establishing a middle step primary support 6: excavating the left side and the right side of the middle step, and trimming core soil, wherein the excavation footage of the left side and the right side of the middle step is 2 truss arch frame intervals. And (3) after excavation, erecting a steel arch, hanging a reinforcing mesh, prefabricating a concrete cushion block at the bottom of the steel arch by adopting C35, and then spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a middle-step primary support 6.
(6) Establishing a temporary inverted arch 12: the temporary inverted arch 12 is installed at the rear section of the middle step 14, 2 trusses are installed each time, the temporary inverted arch 12 is installed in two sections by using 16 steel frames, a steel bar net piece is paved below the steel frames, two ends of each steel frame and the steel arch of the middle step primary support 6 are firmly welded by using a stiffened plate, the middle of each steel frame is connected by using steel plate bolts and longitudinally connected by using connecting ribs at the interval of 1m, and after the temporary inverted arch is erected, concrete is sprayed by C25 to seal the temporary inverted arch to form a second concrete layer.
(7) Constructing locking anchor pipes at two sides of the middle step primary support 6: and (3) arranging a locking anchor pipe 7 downwards at 45 degrees at a position 30cm above arch springs at two sides of a steel arch frame in the middle-step primary support 6, wherein the diameter of the anchor pipe is 89m, the wall thickness is 5mm, the length is 5m, the locking anchor pipe 7 is firmly welded with the steel arch frame, the locking grouting pressure is 1MPa, and concrete is sprayed in time for sealing after the construction is finished.
(8) Excavating a lower step 13, and establishing a lower step primary support 9: and respectively excavating the left side and the right side of the lower step, and finishing the core soil. And (3) after excavation, erecting a steel arch, hanging a reinforcing mesh, prefabricating a concrete cushion block at the bottom of the steel arch by adopting C35, and then spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a lower step primary support 9.
(9) Constructing locking anchor pipes at two sides of the primary support 9 of the lower step: and (3) arranging a locking anchor pipe 8 downwards at 45 degrees at a position of 30cm above arch springs at two sides of a steel arch frame in the lower-step primary support 9, firmly welding the locking anchor pipe 8 and the steel arch frame, adopting 1MPa for locking grouting pressure, and timely spraying concrete for sealing after construction is finished.
(10) Excavating an inverted arch: the inverted arch is excavated in two times, and the primary inverted arch support 10 is immediately constructed after excavating for a certain distance each time.
(11) And (3) casting a second-lining inverted arch 11: after the preliminary inverted arch support 10 is completed, the secondary inverted arch 11 is cast.
(12) And after the upper-step primary support 2, the middle-step primary support 6 and the lower-step primary support 9 are completed and the convergence is judged to be stable by monitoring and measuring, constructing the two lining arch walls 4 as soon as possible.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to further increase the bearing capacity of the supporting structure and prevent the tunnel bottom from soaking water, the front 30m of the tunnel face can be used for lowering the water level to 0.5m below the bottom of the inverted arch. The method specifically comprises the steps that dewatering wells 16 are symmetrically arranged on two sides outside an excavation contour line, the well depth is controlled to be 15m below a tunnel bottom, the dewatering well 16 30m in front of the ground surface is opened according to the ground surface position corresponding to the actual pile number of the field tunnel face to normally pump water, and the dewatering well 16 corresponding to the section is closed after the construction of the second lining inverted arch 11 and the second lining arch wall 4 of the section is completed.
While the embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, or described, but rather to cover all modifications, which would come within the scope of the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the art are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak country rock tunnel construction, the tunnel includes that the adoption three steps reserve upper ledge, well step and the lower step that core soil excavation method excavation obtained, its characterized in that, supporting construction includes:
the advanced support structure is arranged on the tunnel crown surrounding rock;
a primary support structure; the method comprises an arch part primary support, an inverted arch primary support and a temporary inverted arch; the arch primary support is arranged at the tunnel arch part corresponding to the upper step, the middle step and the lower step, an expansion arch foot and a foot locking anchor pipe are arranged at the arch foot part of the arch primary support, and the expansion arch foot and the foot locking anchor pipe are all arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch part in a drilling and anchoring mode; the inverted arch primary support is correspondingly arranged at the inverted arch of the tunnel; on the cross section of the tunnel, the temporary inverted arch is transversely arranged at the position of the middle step, and two ends of the temporary inverted arch are fixedly connected with the primary supports of the arch parts on two sides respectively.
2. The supporting structure suitable for the construction of the shallow water-rich sandy soil type weak surrounding rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the advanced supporting structure comprises a plurality of medium pipe sheds and a plurality of small advanced pipes which are arranged in the arc length range of 140-150 degrees of a tunnel crown; and a plurality of grouting holes are drilled in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe, the outer pins are 10-15 degrees, and grouting is performed in the middle pipe shed and the small advanced guide pipe to form the advanced support structure.
3. The supporting structure suitable for the construction of the shallow-buried water-rich sandy-soil-like weak surrounding rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arch preliminary support comprises an upper step preliminary support, a middle step preliminary support and a lower step preliminary support, the upper step preliminary support, the middle step preliminary support and the lower step preliminary support each comprise a steel arch, a steel mesh and a first concrete layer, the steel arch and the steel mesh are arranged in sequence from outside to inside, and concrete is filled in the steel arch and between the steel arch and the steel mesh to form the first concrete layer.
4. A supporting structure suitable for shallow-buried sandy-weak surrounding rock tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the enlarged arch springing is provided at both side arch springing of the steel arch in the preliminary supporting of the upper step, and the enlarged arch springing protrudes at least 50cm into the surrounding rock of the corresponding tunnel arch portion.
5. A supporting structure suitable for shallow-buried water-rich sandy-soil-like weak surrounding rock tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the locking anchor pipes are arranged at two side arch springings of the steel arch in the upper step preliminary bracing, the middle step preliminary bracing and the lower step preliminary bracing, and are obliquely and downwards drilled and anchored into the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch part, and the locking anchor pipes are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding steel arch springings.
6. The supporting structure suitable for the construction of the shallow-buried water-rich sandy-soil-like weak surrounding rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temporary inverted arch comprises a steel frame, a steel bar mesh and a second concrete layer, two ends of the steel frame are fixedly connected with the steel arch frames in the middle-step primary support respectively, the steel bar mesh is laid below the steel frame, and the second concrete layer is formed by filling concrete in the steel frame and between the steel frame and the steel bar mesh.
7. The support structure for use in the construction of a shallow water-rich sandy soil-like weak surrounding rock tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising a secondary lining structure provided inside the primary support structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221355173.1U CN217501695U (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction that buries |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221355173.1U CN217501695U (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction that buries |
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| CN217501695U true CN217501695U (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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| CN202221355173.1U Active CN217501695U (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Supporting construction suitable for shallow rich water sandy soil form weak surrounding rock tunnel construction that buries |
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