CN217452477U - Tool cathode with diversion trench for electrolytic milling - Google Patents
Tool cathode with diversion trench for electrolytic milling Download PDFInfo
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- CN217452477U CN217452477U CN202221187236.7U CN202221187236U CN217452477U CN 217452477 U CN217452477 U CN 217452477U CN 202221187236 U CN202221187236 U CN 202221187236U CN 217452477 U CN217452477 U CN 217452477U
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- cathode body
- diversion trench
- side wall
- diversion
- cathode
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a tool cathode with a diversion trench for electrolytic milling, belonging to the field of electrolytic machining. The tool cathode comprises a cathode body with a cylindrical structure, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body is provided with a side wall diversion trench and a liquid spraying hole which are spirally distributed, and the bottom end surface of the cathode body is also provided with an end diversion trench and an annular diversion trench. The side wall diversion trenches and the liquid spraying holes are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body along the circumference at intervals. One end of the end diversion trench is positioned at the edge of the end surface of the cathode body, and the other end of the end diversion trench is communicated with the annular diversion trench. The number of the side wall diversion grooves is equal to the number of the rows of the liquid spraying holes and the number of the end diversion grooves. During electrolytic milling, the cathode body rotates at a high speed, and processing byproducts are efficiently transported away from a processing gap under the guide and screw pump effects of the end guide groove, the annular guide groove and the side wall guide groove. The utility model discloses can show the stability in processing and the machining efficiency that improve electrolytic milling process metal.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electrolytic milling processing tool of metal, in particular to a tool cathode with a diversion trench for electrolytic milling processing.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of material science and manufacturing technology, the demand of integral structural members in aerospace equipment such as advanced fighters, manned airships and the like at home and abroad has increased dramatically. However, the integral structural member is mostly made of materials difficult to be machined, such as titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy, and has large size, complex shape and light and thin structure, so that the material removal ratio from a blank to a finished product is high, and the particularity of an aviation product does not allow the defects of residual stress, recast layer, heat affected zone, microcrack and the like on the surface of a key part, thereby limiting the use of a plurality of manufacturing methods.
The electrolytic milling adopts a rod-shaped tool cathode, and a method for processing the metal material based on electrochemical anode dissolution in a manner similar to numerical control milling has the characteristics of high processing flexibility, high processing efficiency, no tool loss, no stress on the processing surface, no deterioration layer, no relation with the hardness of a workpiece material and the like. Particularly, with the proposal of a liquid spraying mode of the side wall of the cathode of the tool, the electrolyte for the electrolytic milling can be directly sprayed into the processing gap from the inside of the cathode of the tool, so that the cathode of the tool can directly carry out 'cut-in' processing from the side wall of the workpiece with larger cutting depth, thereby being very suitable for large-allowance removal processing of the integral structural member of the material difficult to cut.
In the electrolytic milling process, the material removal rate in single feed can be effectively increased by adopting larger cutting depth and higher feeding speed, but the number of processing byproducts entering a processing area in unit time is greatly increased, if the processing byproducts cannot be removed in time, the normal dissolution of workpiece materials can be influenced, the processing stability is deteriorated, spark discharge is easily generated between a cathode and an anode, the processing efficiency is low, and the surfaces of workpieces are burnt. Moreover, for metals which are easy to passivate such as titanium alloy, the electrolytic milling process is mostly characterized by more insoluble electrolytic products, large volume, strong adhesiveness and the like, so that the difficulty of timely discharging processing byproducts in the processing gap is further increased. The popularization and application of the electrolytic milling technology in the aerospace manufacturing industry are severely restricted by the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide an electrolysis is instrument negative pole for milling process with guiding gutter to solve the processing accessory substance discharge difficulty that provides in the above-mentioned background art, processing stability is poor and problem and not enough of inefficiency.
The utility model provides a tool cathode for electrolytic milling with guiding gutter which characterized in that: the cathode body is of a cylindrical structure with a central blind hole, a side wall diversion trench and a liquid spraying hole communicated with the central blind hole are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body, and an end diversion trench and an annular diversion trench are further formed in the bottom end surface of the cathode body; the liquid spraying holes and the side wall diversion trench are spirally arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body along the axial direction, and the spiral directions are the same; the spiral lead angles of the liquid spraying holes and the side wall diversion trench are equal and less than 20 degrees; the number of the side wall diversion trenches is equal to the number of the rows of the liquid spraying holes; the liquid spraying holes and the side wall diversion trenches are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body at intervals along the circumference; the number of the side wall diversion grooves is equal to that of the end diversion grooves; the end diversion trenches are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the cathode body at equal angles; one end of the end diversion trench is positioned at the edge of the end surface of the cathode body, and the other end of the end diversion trench is communicated with the annular diversion trench; the annular diversion trench is concentrically arranged with the bottom end of the cathode body; the side wall diversion trench, the end diversion trench and the annular diversion trench have equal trench width and trench depth; the vertical height of the side wall diversion trench is greater than the cutting depth required by electrolytic milling processing; the wall thickness of the side wall and the bottom end of the cathode body are equal; the depth of the side wall diversion trench does not exceed 50% of the wall thickness of the cathode body; the inner diameter of the annular diversion trench does not exceed 50% of the radius of the end face of the cathode body; the cathode body is made of stainless steel.
The method for processing the three-dimensional metal structure by electrolytic milling by using the tool cathode comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting the cathode body with the negative pole of a power supply, connecting the workpiece with the positive pole of the power supply, and driving the cathode of the tool to an initial processing position; s2, pumping the electrolyte into the center blind hole of the cathode body, and directly spraying the electrolyte to the processing area through the liquid spraying hole;
s3, turning on a power supply, driving the cathode body to rotate at a high speed, and enabling the cathode body to move relative to the workpiece according to a set track, wherein at the moment, the workpiece is rapidly dissolved by metal in a processing area, and meanwhile, insoluble electrolysis products and bubbles are efficiently transported away from a processing gap under the guide of the end guide groove, the annular guide groove and the side wall guide groove and the screw pump effect until the processing is finished;
and S4, turning off the power supply, driving the cathode body to exit the processing area, and unloading the cathode body and the workpiece to finish processing.
When the side wall diversion trenches are arranged in a right-handed spiral shape, the rotation direction of the cathode body is clockwise; when the side wall diversion trenches are spirally arranged in a left-handed mode, the rotation direction of the cathode body is anticlockwise;
compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1. the processing stability is better. When the rotatory during operation of instrument negative pole, the electrolysis resultant in the interelectrode clearance of side can pass through the utility model discloses a screw pump effect that the lateral wall guiding gutter that is the spiral arrangement on the outer circumferential surface of the negative pole body formed strengthens its ability that upwards transports, and meanwhile, the electrolysis resultant in the interelectrode clearance of bottom surface can pass through the utility model discloses a bottom terminal guiding gutter on the surface of the negative pole body and the water conservancy diversion effect of annular guiding gutter for its toward outer exhaust process, thereby promote the timely discharge of electrolysis resultant in the whole interelectrode clearance, and prevent that indissolvable electrolysis resultant from adhering to work piece machined surface, consequently can show the stability that improves the electrolytic milling course.
2. The processing efficiency is higher. The machining by-products, particularly the slightly soluble electrolysis products with larger volume, are effectively reduced to stay in the gap between the outer surface of the cathode of the tool and the machining surface of the anode of the workpiece, so that the uniformity of the conductivity distribution of the electrolyte in the interelectrode gap is improved, the electrolytic milling machining can be stably carried out under the smaller interelectrode gap, and the machining speed and the machining efficiency can be further improved.
3. The structural design of the tool cathode is more reasonable. The utility model provides a lateral wall guiding gutter and hydrojet hole of negative pole body evenly arrange along negative pole body circumferencial direction interval, and be the helix arrangement that the lead angle is less than 20, so design both can guarantee the homogeneity in the side interelectrode clearance interior flow field, still help realizing the better electrolytic product effect of getting rid of. Meanwhile, end part flow guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the end face of the cathode body at equal angles, one end of each end part flow guide groove is located at the edge of the end face of the cathode body, and the other end of each end part flow guide groove is communicated with the annular flow guide groove concentrically arranged on the end face of the cathode body, so that timely discharge of processing byproducts in the bottom inter-electrode gap can be effectively promoted. In addition, the groove depths of the side wall diversion groove, the end diversion groove and the annular diversion groove of the cathode body are equal and do not exceed 50% of the wall thickness of the cathode body, and the arrangement can also ensure that the cathode body has good rigidity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a cathode of an electrowinning tool with channels.
FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of a cathode of an electrowinning tool with channels.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cathode electrolytic milling process of the tool with the flow guide grooves.
The number designations in the figures are: 1. a cathode body; 2. a central blind hole; 3. a side wall diversion trench; 4. a liquid ejection hole; 5. end diversion trenches; 6. an annular diversion trench; 7. a power source; 8. a workpiece; 9. an electrolyte; 10. pumping the electrolyte into the direction; 11. the cathode body rotates clockwise; 12. a feed trajectory; 13. a sparingly soluble electrolysis product; 14. air bubbles.
Detailed Description
The following description will be further made with reference to the specific drawings for implementing the cathode of the electrolytic milling tool with a guiding gutter according to the present invention, which is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and the detailed implementation and specific operation process are provided, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cathode for an electrolytic milling tool with a guide groove includes a cathode body 1 made of stainless steel. The cathode body 1 is a cylindrical structure with a central blind hole 2 and an upper end opening and a lower end being closed, the outer diameter of the cathode body is 10mm, and the wall thickness of the side wall and the wall thickness of the bottom end are both 1 mm. The outer circumferential surface of the cathode body 1 is provided with 6 rows and 4 columns of 24 liquid spraying holes 4 communicated with the central blind hole 2, wherein the distance between the circle centers of two adjacent rows of holes is 2mm, and the distance between the circle center of the lowest row of holes and the end surface of the cathode body 1 is 1.5 mm. These liquid-ejecting holes 4 are arranged spirally with a right-hand angle of 15 ° along the axial direction of the cathode body 1, and the diameter of the holes is 1 mm. The outer circumferential surface of the cathode body 1 is also provided with 4 rows of side wall diversion trenches 3 from the bottom end edge upwards along the axial direction. The side wall flow guide grooves 3 are also arranged in a right-handed spiral shape with a lead angle of 15 degrees, the groove width is 1mm, the groove depth is 0.5mm, and the vertical height is 14 mm. Moreover, 4 rows of liquid spray holes 4 and 4 rows of side wall channels 3 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body 1 at intervals along the circumference. In addition, the bottom surface of the cathode body 1 is provided with an annular diversion trench 6 which has an inner diameter of 1.5mm, a trench width of 1mm and a trench depth of 0.5mm and is concentrically arranged with the end surface. The bottom end surface of the cathode body 1 is also provided with 4 end diversion trenches 5 with the trench width of 1mm and the trench depth of 0.5mm from the bottom end edge inwards along the radial direction. The end part diversion trenches 5 are uniformly distributed on the bottom end surface of the cathode body 1 at equal angles, one end of each end part diversion trench is positioned on the end surface edge of the cathode body 1, and the other end of each end part diversion trench is communicated with the annular diversion trench 6.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, an electrolytic milling groove structure with a single-pass cutting depth of 13mm is performed on a workpiece 8 made of titanium alloy, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
s1, mounting the cathode body 1 at the lower end of a machine tool spindle (not shown in the figure), and horizontally clamping the workpiece 8 on a machine tool workbench (not shown in the figure);
s2, directly connecting the workpiece 8 with the positive electrode of the power supply 7, connecting the cathode body 1 with the positive electrode of the power supply 7 through a collecting ring (not shown in the figure), and performing tool setting by using a machine tool control module (not shown in the figure) to position the cathode body 1 to a machining position;
s3, pumping electrolyte 9 with certain temperature and pressure into the central blind hole 2 of the cathode body 1, and directly spraying the electrolyte onto the processing surface of the workpiece 8 from the liquid spraying hole 4 to realize electric conduction between the cathode and the anode;
s4, turning on a power supply 7, driving the cathode body 1 to rotate clockwise, and carrying out electrolytic milling processing according to a preset feed path 12, wherein at the moment, the metal material on the processed surface of the workpiece 8 is rapidly dissolved under the action of electrochemical anode dissolution, meanwhile, insoluble electrolysis products 13 and bubbles 14 in the bottom interpolar gap are also discharged radially outwards in time under the flow guiding action of the end flow guiding groove 5 and the annular flow guiding groove 6 of the cathode body 1, and the insoluble electrolysis products 13 and the bubbles 14 in the side interpolar gap are efficiently transported away axially upwards under the screw pump effect of the side wall spiral groove of the cathode body 1;
and S5, when the cathode body 1 moves to the end point of the feed track 12, the power supply 7 is turned off, the cathode body clockwise rotation 11 and the electrolyte pump 10 are stopped, and the cathode body 1 is driven to exit the processing area, so that the processing is completed.
By adopting the embodiment to execute the electrolytic milling according to the operation, the processing stability and the processing efficiency can be obviously improved.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a tool cathode for electrolytic milling with guiding gutter which characterized in that: the cathode comprises a cathode body (1), wherein the cathode body (1) is of a cylindrical structure with a central blind hole (2), a side wall diversion trench (3) and a liquid spraying hole (4) communicated with the central blind hole (2) are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body (1), and an end diversion trench (5) and an annular diversion trench (6) are further formed in the bottom end surface of the cathode body (1); the liquid spraying holes (4) and the side wall diversion trench (3) are spirally arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body (1) along the axial direction, and the spiral directions are the same; the spiral lead angles of the liquid spraying holes (4) and the side wall diversion trenches (3) are equal and less than 20 degrees; the number of the side wall diversion trenches (3) is equal to the number of the rows of the liquid spraying holes (4); the liquid spraying holes (4) and the side wall diversion trenches (3) are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cathode body (1) at intervals along the circumference; the number of the side wall diversion grooves (3) is equal to that of the end diversion grooves (5); the end part flow guide grooves (5) are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the cathode body (1) at equal angles; one end of the end part diversion trench (5) is positioned at the edge of the end surface of the cathode body (1), and the other end of the end part diversion trench is communicated with the annular diversion trench (6); the annular diversion trench (6) is concentrically arranged with the bottom end of the cathode body (1); the side wall diversion groove (3), the end diversion groove (5) and the annular diversion groove (6) are equal in groove width and groove depth; the vertical height of the side wall diversion trench (3) is greater than the cutting depth required by electrolytic milling processing; the wall thickness of the side wall and the bottom end of the cathode body (1) is equal; the depth of the side wall diversion trench (3) is not more than 50% of the wall thickness of the cathode body (1); the inner diameter of the annular diversion trench (6) is not more than 50% of the radius of the end face of the cathode body (1); the cathode body (1) is made of stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221187236.7U CN217452477U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Tool cathode with diversion trench for electrolytic milling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221187236.7U CN217452477U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Tool cathode with diversion trench for electrolytic milling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217452477U true CN217452477U (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221187236.7U Expired - Fee Related CN217452477U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Tool cathode with diversion trench for electrolytic milling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217452477U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-05-18 CN CN202221187236.7U patent/CN217452477U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220920 |