CN217406180U

CN217406180U - Power supply circuit and electric equipment

Info

Publication number: CN217406180U
Application number: CN202220432333.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童文平; 赵密; 陈熙
Original assignee: Ecoflow Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Ecoflow Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-28
Filing date: 2022-02-28
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-28

Abstract

The application relates to the electronic circuit field especially relates to power supply circuit and consumer, and power supply circuit includes: the switch circuit comprises a plurality of live wire interfaces, a common zero line interface, a plurality of rectifier elements and a plurality of switch circuits, wherein the switch circuits are connected in series between the output negative pole and the rectifier elements which are connected to the live wire interfaces in reverse conduction, and are respectively connected with the corresponding live wire interfaces or common zero line interfaces, each switch circuit is connected in series on the negative half cycle rectifier circuit of the power circuit, when the input of an alternating current source is in a wrong phase, the switch circuits controlled by the input of the corresponding alternating current source cannot be conducted in a unified mode, and therefore the loops of the series input of the alternating current sources cannot be conducted, the output voltage cannot exceed the normal output voltage, and the rear-stage circuit is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Power supply circuit and electric equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a power supply circuit and electric equipment.

Background

In a conventional power circuit with multi-path alternating current common zero line interface input, diodes are generally adopted on each alternating current live line side and the common zero line interface side to achieve rectification. Referring to fig. 1, taking two ac source inputs as an example, when the power circuit normally operates in the positive half cycle: when two alternating current sources AC1 and AC2 work in positive half cycle, the output of the alternating current sources AC1 and AC2 is rectified through diodes D1, D3 and D5 to charge a capacitor C1. When two alternating current sources AC1 and AC2 work in a negative half cycle, the outputs of the alternating current sources AC1 and AC2 are rectified by diodes D2, D4 and D6 to charge a capacitor C1. When there is a phase error between the two AC sources AC1, AC2 (one positive and one negative): assuming that the AC source AC1 operates in the positive half cycle and the AC source AC2 operates in the negative half cycle, which is equivalent to two AC sources AC1 and AC2 connected in series, the current charges the capacitor C1 through the AC source AC1 → the diode D1 → the capacitor C1 → the diode D4 → the AC source AC2, so that the rectified voltage is 2 times the peak value of the AC input voltage, which may damage the subsequent circuit.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a power circuit and an electric device, and aims to solve the problem that when a phase error occurs in a multi-path ac input in a conventional technical scheme, an output voltage is increased and a subsequent circuit is damaged.

A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply circuit, including:

the plurality of live wire interfaces are respectively used for connecting live wires of all the alternating current sources;

a common zero line interface for connecting the zero line of each AC source;

each of the live wire interface and the common-zero wire interface is connected to an output positive electrode of the power circuit through a forward-conducted rectifying element, and is also connected to an output negative electrode of the power circuit through a reverse-conducted rectifying element, and the rectifying elements are used for rectifying and outputting the input of each alternating current source; and

and the switching circuits are connected in series between the output negative electrode and the reverse-conducting rectifying element connected to the live wire interface, are respectively connected with the corresponding live wire interface or common-zero line interface, and are used for switching off at least one switching circuit to prevent the serial input of the alternating current sources when the input of at least one alternating current source is out of phase with the input of other alternating current sources.

In one embodiment, the plurality of switching circuits are further configured to be turned on when each of the ac sources is input in phase and operates in a negative half-cycle to provide the input of each of the ac sources to the output positive pole and the output negative pole.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit includes switching tubes, the switching tubes in a plurality of switching circuits are connected in series between the output negative electrode and the reverse-conducting rectifying element connected to the live line interface, and a control end of each switching tube is connected to the live line interface or the common-neutral line interface, and when an input of at least one ac source is out of phase with inputs of other ac sources, at least one switching tube is controlled by an input of the ac source to be turned off.

In one embodiment, the power circuit includes two live wire interfaces and two switch circuits, the switch tubes included in the two switch circuits are a first PNP type transistor and a second PNP type transistor, respectively, where:

the base electrode of the first PNP type triode is connected to one of the live wire interfaces, the collector electrode of the first PNP type triode is connected to the reverse conducting rectifying element connected with the live wire interface, the base electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected to the other live wire interface, the collector electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with the emitting electrode of the first PNP type triode, and the collector electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected to the output negative electrode.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit further comprises a first clamping diode and a second clamping diode;

the anode of the first clamping diode is connected to the base electrode of the first PNP type triode, and the cathode of the first clamping diode is connected to the emitting electrode of the first PNP type triode, so that the first PNP type triode is prevented from being broken down in a cut-off state;

and the anode of the second clamping diode is connected to the base electrode of the second PNP type triode, and the cathode of the second clamping diode is connected to the emitting electrode of the second PNP type triode, so that the second PNP type triode is prevented from being broken down in a cut-off state.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit further comprises a first electrostatic discharge device and a second electrostatic discharge device, the first electrostatic discharge device is connected between the base of the first PNP transistor and the emitter of the first PNP transistor; the second electrostatic discharge device is connected between the base electrode of the second PNP type triode and the emitting electrode of the second PNP type triode.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit further includes a current limiting element, and the current limiting element is connected in series with the control end of the switching tube.

In one embodiment, the power circuit further comprises an output capacitor connected between the output positive electrode and the output negative electrode for storing and discharging electrical energy.

In one embodiment, the power circuit further comprises a plurality of the ac sources.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electric device including the above power supply circuit.

The power supply circuit in the embodiment of the application plays a role in protection when the power supply circuit is used for phase-staggered input, specifically, each switch circuit is connected in series on a negative half cycle rectifier circuit of the power supply circuit, and when the input of an alternating current source is in phase-staggered state, the switch circuits controlled by the input of the corresponding alternating current source cannot be uniformly conducted, so that loops input by the alternating current sources in series cannot be conducted, therefore, the output voltage cannot exceed the normal output voltage, and the rear-stage circuit is prevented from being damaged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power circuit provided in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more and "/" means either or, unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 2, a power circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a plurality of live wire interfaces L1 to Ln, a common zero wire interface N, a plurality of rectifier elements Dn, and a plurality of switch circuits 100. The rectifying element Dn may be a common silicon diode, and in other embodiments, other semiconductor diodes may be used, or a triode or a MOS transistor that can be controlled to be turned on or off.

The live wire interfaces L1-Ln are respectively used for connecting live wires of AC sources AC 1-ACn; the common zero line interface N is used for connecting zero lines of all alternating current sources AC 1-ACn; each live wire interface L1-Ln and the common zero line interface N are respectively connected to the output anode 201 of the power circuit through a forward conducting rectifier element Dn, each live wire interface L1-Ln and the common zero line interface N are also respectively connected to the output cathode 202 (generally, a ground end or a common reference potential) of the power circuit through a reverse conducting rectifier element Dn, and each rectifier element Dn is used for rectifying the input of each alternating current source AC 1-ACn and then outputting the rectified input to a post-stage circuit; the plurality of switching circuits 100 are connected in series between the output negative electrode 202 and the reverse-conducting rectifier elements Dn connected to the live line interfaces L1 to Ln, and are connected to the corresponding live line interfaces L1 to Ln or the common zero line interface N, respectively.

It is understood that, among other things, the switch circuits 100 have the same property and are turned on or off simultaneously by the same control signal.

When each switch circuit 100 is controlled to be turned off by a high-level signal (positive voltage in this embodiment) and turned on by a low-level signal (negative voltage in this embodiment), the controlled terminal of each switch circuit 100 is connected to the corresponding live wire interface L1-Ln, and is turned on when each AC source AC 1-ACn inputs in phase and operates in a negative half cycle, so as to provide the input of each AC source AC 1-ACn to the output positive electrode 201 and the output negative electrode 202; the AC sources AC 1-ACn are input in the same phase and work in a positive half period to be cut off.

When each switch circuit 100 is controlled to be turned off by a low-level signal and turned on by a high-level signal, the controlled ends of the switch circuits 100 are connected with the common-zero line interface N and are turned on when each of the AC sources AC 1-ACn is inputted in the same phase and works in a positive half cycle, so as to supply the input of each of the AC sources AC 1-ACn to the output positive electrode 201 and the output negative electrode 202; the AC sources AC 1-ACn are input in the same phase and work in the negative half period to be cut off.

Therefore, when the input of at least one AC source AC1/ACn is out of phase with the input of other AC sources AC 1-ACn, at least one switch circuit 100 is turned off to prevent the serial input of AC sources AC 1-ACn, and the full-wave rectification can be normally performed only when the AC sources AC 1-ACn are in phase.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit 100 includes switching tubes, the switching tubes in the switching circuit 100 are connected in series between the output cathode 202 and the reverse conducting rectifying element Dn connected to the live line interfaces L1-Ln, and the control end of each switching tube is connected to the live line interfaces L1-Ln or the common-neutral line interface N, and when the input of at least one AC source AC1/ACn is out of phase with the input of other AC sources AC 1-ACn, at least one switching tube is controlled by the input of the AC sources AC 1-ACn to turn off.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, in the power circuit, two AC sources AC 1-ACn, two AC sources AC 1-Ln, and two switching circuits 100 are provided, and 6 rectifying elements D1-D6 are provided, the two AC sources are a first AC source AC1 and a second AC source AC2, the two AC sources are a first AC source AC1 and a second AC source dc interface L2, and the switching tubes included in the two switching circuits 100 are a first PNP type triode Q1 and a second PNP type triode Q2, respectively. The anode of the rectifier element D1 is connected to the first live wire interface L1, and the cathode is connected to the output anode 201; the anode of the rectifying element D3 is connected to the second live wire interface L2, and the cathode is connected to the output anode 201; the positive pole of the rectifier element D5 is connected to the output negative pole 202, and the negative pole is connected to the common zero line interface N; the positive pole of the rectifying element D6 is connected to the common neutral line interface N, and the positive pole is connected to the output positive pole 201.

The base of the first PNP triode Q1 is connected to the first live wire interface L1, the collector of the first PNP triode Q1 is connected to the reverse conducting rectifying elements D2 and D4 connected to the first live wire interface L1 and the second live wire interface L2, specifically, the collector of the first PNP triode Q1 is connected to the positive poles of the rectifying elements D2 and D4, the negative poles of the rectifying devices D2 and D4 are connected to the first live wire interface L1 and the second live wire interface L2, the base of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the second live wire interface L2, the collector of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the emitter of the first PNP triode Q1, and the collector of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the output negative pole 202.

When the second alternating current source AC2 works in the negative half cycle and is lower than-0.7V, the voltage at the common zero line interface N relative to the second live line interface L2 is greater than 0.7V (the conduction condition of the PNP triode is Veb >0.7V), the second PNP triode Q2 is in saturation conduction, and at this time, the conduction voltage drop of the second PNP triode Q2 is less than 0.5V, which can be ignored;

at this time, the second PNP triode Q2 is turned on, the emitter of the first PNP triode Q1 is turned on to the common zero line interface N, and at this time, the first AC source AC1 is also in the negative half cycle, when the voltage is lower than-0.7V, the emitter voltage of the first PNP triode Q1 is greater than 0.7V with respect to the base voltage, and at this time, the first PNP triode Q1 is turned on;

therefore, when the first AC source AC1 and the second AC source AC2 are inputted in the same phase and are both at the negative half cycle, the first PNP transistor Q1 and the second PNP transistor Q2 are turned on to form a loop, and the negative half cycle of the voltage is reversed and rectified.

Under the condition that the first alternating current source AC1 and the second alternating current source AC2 are in a phase-staggered input condition, for example, the first alternating current source AC1 and the second alternating current source AC2 are in a phase-staggered 180 degrees, when the first alternating current source AC1 is in a positive half cycle and the second alternating current source AC2 is in a negative half cycle, the power supply circuit works in a half-wave rectification mode.

When the second alternating current source AC2 is in the negative half cycle and the voltage is lower than-0.7V, the second PNP type triode Q2 is conducted, and at the moment, the emitter of the first PNP type triode Q1 is conducted to the output cathode 202; since the first AC source AC1 is in the positive half cycle, Veb of the first PNP transistor Q1 is less than 0.7V at this time, so that the first PNP transistor Q1 is not conducting at this time, and the loop of the second PNP transistor Q2 → the first PNP transistor Q1 is not conducting, so that in the case where one or 2 of the first PNP transistor Q1 or the second PNP transistor Q2 is not conducting, the power supply circuit is equivalent to half-wave rectification, so that the first AC source AC1 and the second AC source AC2 are input in series and output too high voltage, thereby protecting the rear stage circuit.

In one embodiment, the switching circuit 100 further includes a first clamping diode D11 and a second clamping diode D12; the anode of the first clamping diode D11 is connected to the base of the first PNP transistor Q1, the cathode of the first clamping diode D11 is connected to the emitter of the first PNP transistor Q1, and the first clamping diode D11 is used for stabilizing the base voltage of the first PNP transistor Q1 below a rated bias voltage, so as to prevent the first PNP transistor Q1 from being broken down in a cut-off state when the first AC source AC1 operates in a positive half cycle; the anode of the second clamping diode D12 is connected to the base of the second PNP transistor Q2, and the cathode of the second clamping diode D12 is connected to the emitter of the second PNP transistor Q2, so as to stabilize the base voltage of the second PNP transistor Q2 below the rated bias voltage, and prevent the second PNP transistor Q2 from breaking down in the off state when the second AC source AC2 operates at the positive half cycle.

Optionally, the switch circuit 100 further includes a first electrostatic discharge device R1 and a second electrostatic discharge device R2, the first electrostatic discharge device R1 is connected between the base of the first PNP transistor Q1 and the emitter of the first PNP transistor Q1; the second electrostatic discharge device R2 is connected between the base of the second PNP transistor Q2 and the emitter of the second PNP transistor Q2. The electrostatic discharge device may be generally implemented using a resistor. Alternatively, if it is necessary to provide the switching circuit 100 with a time-delay conducting function, a capacitor may be connected in parallel to the electrostatic discharge device.

Optionally, the switching circuit 100 further includes a current limiting element, and the current limiting element is connected in series with the control terminal of the switching tube. Specifically, the current limiting element includes a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4, the first resistor R3 is connected in series with the base of the first PNP transistor Q1, and the second resistor R4 is connected in series with the base of the second PNP transistor Q2. The resistances of the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4 may be set such that the first PNP transistor Q1 and the second PNP transistor Q2 are in a saturation state when turned on, or in a linear conduction state.

Optionally, the power circuit further comprises an output capacitor C1, and the output capacitor C1 is connected between the output positive electrode 201 and the output negative electrode 202, and is used for storing and releasing electric energy and has a function of filtering ripples. Assuming that the input voltage of the alternating current source has an effective value of 230V and a peak value of about 311V, the maximum voltage output to the output capacitor C1 after rectification is 311V under normal conditions. If the two AC source AC1, AC2 inputs are 180 degrees out of phase and the AC inputs are at zero, the voltage across the rectified output capacitor C1 is 311 × 2 — 622V. The withstand voltage value of the output capacitor C1 is generally selected to be 400V, and under the condition of phase error, the highest voltage after rectification is far larger than the withstand voltage value of the output capacitor C1, so that the output capacitor C1 is failed and damaged and even a rear-stage circuit is damaged when the power is turned on.

The power supply circuit can be arranged in electric equipment for consuming energy and used as a front-end circuit connected with multiple alternating current sources AC 1-ACn to supply power to a rear-stage circuit in the electric equipment; the power supply circuit may also be provided in an electric device used as an energy storage, in which case the power supply circuit includes a plurality of AC sources AC 1-ACn, and the AC sources AC 1-ACn may be implemented using a battery pack in combination with an inverter circuit, and the power supply circuit serves as a power supply circuit for an external device that supplies a dc input.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, comprising:

the fire wire interfaces are respectively used for connecting the fire wires of all the alternating current sources;

a common zero line interface for connecting the zero line of each AC source;

2. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said switching circuits are further adapted to conduct when each of said ac sources is at a non-inverting input and operating in a negative half-cycle to provide an input of each of said ac sources to said output positive pole and said output negative pole.

3. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said switching circuit comprises switching tubes, said switching tubes of a plurality of switching circuits being connected in series between said output negative electrode and said reverse conducting rectifying element connected to said live line interface, and a control terminal of each of said switching tubes being connected to said live line interface or said common neutral line interface, at least one of said switching tubes being controlled by the input of at least one of said ac sources to turn off when the input of said ac source is out of phase with the input of the other of said ac sources.

4. The power circuit according to claim 3, wherein the power circuit comprises two live wire interfaces and two switching circuits, the switching tubes included in the two switching circuits are a first PNP type transistor and a second PNP type transistor, respectively, and wherein:

5. The power supply circuit of claim 4, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a first clamping diode and a second clamping diode;

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a first electrostatic discharge device and a second electrostatic discharge device, the first electrostatic discharge device being connected between the base of the first PNP transistor and the emitter of the first PNP transistor; the second electrostatic discharge device is connected between the base electrode of the second PNP type triode and the emitting electrode of the second PNP type triode.

7. The power supply circuit of claim 3 wherein the switching circuit further comprises a current limiting element connected in series with the control terminal of the switching tube.

8. The power supply circuit of claim 1 further comprising an output capacitor connected between said output positive pole and said output negative pole for storing and discharging electrical energy.

9. The power supply circuit of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of said alternating current sources.

10. An electrical consumer comprising a power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.