Background
In the chemical production process, the dropwise addition reaction is a common production mode, and means that at least two raw materials are mixed and reacted in a reaction kettle, wherein at least one liquid raw material is added into the reaction kettle in a dropwise manner.
Most of the dropping reaction is exothermic reaction, and if the heat transfer of a reaction system is not timely in the dropping reaction, side reaction and even reaction runaway are easily caused due to local overtemperature. In the traditional dropwise adding reaction device, the reaction liquid is generally directly conveyed into the reaction kettle, and the dropwise adding liquid is added into the reaction kettle in a dropwise adding mode. However, the dispersion of the dropping liquid is not uniform, the local concentration is too high, side reactions are increased, and the product quality is affected. Although there is patent to add a spraying device, which solves the problem of poor dispersion performance to some extent, some of the dropping liquid in this device will flow down along the inner wall of the reaction vessel, resulting in a reduced dispersion effect.
The dropping reaction is adopted because the concentration of a certain raw material is often required to be controlled, and the yield is affected by too high concentration or too high local concentration, so the concentration is controlled to be a proper value by adopting a dropping method. The currently common dropping modes are as follows: 1. the top of the reaction kettle is provided with a dripping pipe for dripping materials inwards, the equipment is simplest, but because one strand of materials enters a reaction system, the local concentration is too high, and the method is only suitable for occasions with low requirements on the local concentration; 2. besides the dripping pipe arranged at the top of the reaction kettle, the circulating part is also arranged to communicate the dripping pipe with the bottom of the reaction kettle, so that the internal reaction liquid and the dripping liquid can be circulated, but the dripping liquid still enters in a material mode, the problem of overhigh local concentration still exists in quick reaction, and the improvement on the circulating ratio can be realized.
For a reaction system with high mixing requirements, such as a quick reaction system sensitive to concentration and temperature, gas or solid is generated by reaction, which cannot be solved by a conventional reaction device, and the dropwise added liquid cannot be refined and uniformly mixed by simply stirring. For example, in a carbene reaction, a carbene reagent is sensitive to temperature change, and in the process of adding a carbene reagent with a lower temperature into a certain reactant with a higher temperature, in order to improve the reaction efficiency, the carbene reagent and the reactant need to be uniformly mixed as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a reaction kettle for to local concentration, temperature sensitive reaction system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a reaction kettle comprises a kettle body and a stirring rod, wherein a feed inlet is arranged on the kettle body, one end of the stirring rod extends into the kettle body and can rotate around the axis of the stirring rod to stir, the reaction kettle also comprises a material distribution unit and a lifting unit,
the distribution unit comprises a distribution pipe and an atomizing nozzle, the distribution pipe comprises a first pipe section and a second pipe section, one end of the first pipe section forms a charging opening, the other end of the first pipe section extends into the kettle body, the second pipe section is positioned in the kettle body and is connected and communicated with the first pipe section, the extension direction of the first pipe section is consistent with the axial direction of the kettle body, the extension direction of the second pipe section is vertical or nearly vertical to the extension direction of the first pipe section, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to the second pipe section;
the lifting unit is connected with the material distribution unit to drive the material distribution unit to lift in the extending direction of the first pipe section.
Preferably, the lifting unit comprises a rack, a gear and a driving member, the rack is arranged or formed on the first pipe section, the extending direction of the rack is consistent with the extending direction of the first pipe section, the gear is positioned outside the kettle body and meshed with the rack, and the lifting driving member is in transmission connection with the gear and drives the gear to rotate.
Further preferably, the reaction kettle further comprises a supporting piece, one end of the supporting piece is fixedly connected with the kettle body, and the other end of the supporting piece is sleeved on the first pipe section.
Preferably, the lifting unit further comprises a liquid level identification component, the liquid level identification component is used for identifying the liquid level in the kettle body, and the liquid level identification component is electrically connected or in signal connection with the lifting driving component.
Preferably, the lifting unit comprises a floating block, the floating block is positioned in the kettle body and connected with the distributing pipe, and the position of the floating block is lower than that of the atomizing nozzle in the kettle body.
Further preferably, the lifting unit further comprises a guide rod, the guide rod is fixedly arranged in the kettle body, the extending direction of the guide rod is consistent with the extending direction of the first pipe section, and the floating block penetrates through the guide rod and can slide along the guide rod.
Still more preferably, the guide rods are provided with a plurality of floating blocks, and the floating blocks are simultaneously arranged on the guide rods in a penetrating manner.
Still further preferably, a plurality of floating blocks are arranged and evenly distributed around the second pipe section.
Preferably, the second pipe section is an annular pipe or an arc pipe, and the stirring rod penetrates through the annular pipe or the arc pipe.
Further preferably, the stirring rod and the annular pipe are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the second pipe section is a straight pipe, and the extending direction of the straight pipe is located on one side of the stirring rod.
Further preferably, the straight pipe is overlapped with the kettle body in the radial direction.
Preferably, the atomization spray head is provided with a plurality of atomization spray heads which are uniformly distributed on the second pipe section.
Preferably, the reaction kettle further comprises a baffle plate, the baffle plate is connected with the inner wall of the kettle body, and the baffle plate extends along the axial direction of the kettle body.
Preferably, the axis of the stirring rod is coincident with the axis of the kettle body; one end of the stirring rod is connected with a blade, and the other end of the stirring rod is connected with a stirring driving piece for driving the stirring rod to rotate.
Because of the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
the utility model discloses it smashes into tiny fog drop and the contact of reaction bed charge through atomizer with the dropwise add feed liquid to drip reinforced to react fast under the stirring effect, the liquid drop is smashed littlely, and local concentration is lower more. Because the fog drops are fine and the heat transfer and temperature rise are fast, the drop charging material is deteriorated, the distance between the atomizing nozzle and the liquid level cannot be too high, and the nozzle and the liquid level are always kept at a specified distance by adopting the lifting unit. Like this, make the concentration of dropwise add material by evenly distributed to the bed charge through atomizing in, make the droplet be unlikely to be heated rotten through going up and down, also avoided umbrella-shaped spun fog simultaneously because too far away from the distance of liquid level and spout liquid on the cauldron wall, form the wall flow and cause the maldistribution, the stirring of deuterogamying makes the better misce bene of both, improvement reaction rate and yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The utility model discloses a reation kettle is applicable to local concentration, temperature sensitive system, for example specific reaction occasion, CLA's carbene reaction, but other similar operating modes are also applicable.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a reaction kettle comprises a kettle body 1, a stirring rod 21, a material distribution unit and a lifting unit. Wherein:
the kettle body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, which is usually arranged at the upper part or the top of the kettle body 1 and is used for introducing reaction bottom materials into the kettle body 1.
The stirring rod 21 uniformly mixes the drip feed material and the reaction bottom material through stirring, one end of the stirring rod 21 extends into the kettle body 1 and can rotate around the axis of the stirring rod to stir, and the axis of the stirring rod 21 is superposed with the axis of the kettle body 1; the stirring rod 21 has a blade 22 connected to one end thereof and a stirring driving member 23 connected to the other end thereof for driving the stirring rod to rotate, and the stirring driving member 23 is typically a motor.
The material distribution unit comprises a material distribution pipe 31 and an atomizing nozzle 32, and dropwise adding materials and reaction bed charge are introduced into the kettle body 1 through the material distribution unit to react.
In this embodiment: the distribution pipe 31 comprises a first pipe section 311 and a second pipe section 312. One end of the first pipe section 311 forms a charging opening, the other end extends into the kettle body 1, the charging opening of the first pipe section 311 is communicated with a feeding hose to introduce and drip the material, specifically, the extending direction of the first pipe section 311 is consistent with the axial direction of the kettle body 1, so that the lifting height of the first pipe section 311 is controlled, the first pipe section 311 extends into the kettle body 1 from the top of the kettle body 1, and a sealing structure 3111 such as a sealing box or a feeding box is arranged between the first pipe section 311 and the kettle body 1, the sealing structure 3111 can realize sealing and can allow the first pipe section 311 to lift relative to the kettle body 1, the sealing structure 3111 belongs to a conventional structure, the prior art can be adopted, and redundant description is not needed. The second pipe section 312 is located in the autoclave body 1 and is connected and communicated with the first pipe section 311, specifically, the second pipe section 312 is connected and communicated with the other end of the first pipe section 311, and the connection between the second pipe section 312 and the first pipe section 311 can be various forms such as welding, flange connection, thread connection, and the like. The extending direction of the second pipe section 312 is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the extending direction of the first pipe section 311, and the nearly perpendicular condition can be understood as an approximate condition that the deviation from the perpendicular direction is less than 10 degrees, so that the second pipe section 312 can be flush or nearly flush with the liquid level in the kettle body 1. To avoid the stirring rod 21, the second pipe section 312 is an annular pipe 3121 or an arc pipe (not shown in the drawings), and the stirring rod 21 passes through the annular pipe 3121 or the arc pipe. The circular tube 3121 or the arc tube may be integrally provided or may be combined by a plurality of arc segments according to installation conditions. It is particularly preferable that the agitating bar 21 is provided coaxially with the annular tube 3121.
The atomizing nozzle 32 is connected to the second pipe section 312, the dropping material is pulverized into fine droplets or fog droplets by the atomizing nozzle 32 under the action of pressure, the dropping material is sprayed out of the atomizing nozzle 32 in an umbrella-shaped spraying surface 321, the atomizing pressure is different, the obtained fog droplets are different in size and flow, and the atomizing nozzle is specifically designed according to the actual reaction requirement. The fine liquid drops or fog drops are sprayed on the liquid surface of the reaction bed material, and are matched and stirred, and the concentration of the dropwise added materials is uniformly distributed in the reaction bed material, so that the fine liquid drops or fog drops and the reaction bed material are quickly and uniformly mixed, and the reaction rate and the yield are improved. The plurality of atomizing spray heads 32 are uniformly distributed on the second pipe section 312, the spraying openings are formed in the second pipe section 312 to be connected with the atomizing spray heads 32, and the aperture of each atomizing spray head 32 is selected according to the dropping flow.
The liquid level in the vessel 1 varies in height due to the difference in the initial amount of the reaction bottom material and the continuous addition of the dropping material, but the liquid level in the vessel 1 usually has a limit high liquid level 12 and a limit low liquid level 13. The lifting unit is connected with the material distribution unit to drive the material distribution unit to lift in the extending direction of the first pipe section 311, so that the liquid level of the atomizing nozzle 32 and the liquid level in the kettle body 1 are always kept in a specified distance range. Because the atomized fine liquid drops are easy to be heated by the temperature of the gas phase space to deteriorate, the larger the distance between the atomizer 32 and the liquid level in the kettle body 1 is, the longer the heating time is, and the more easy the atomization is to deteriorate, the distance between the atomizer 32 and the liquid level in the kettle body 1 is required to be fixed within a specified value, which requires that the atomizer 32 is required to be raised and lowered along with the rise of the liquid level in the kettle body 1; the spray face 321 of the atomizer 32 is umbrella-shaped, if the distance between the atomizer 32 and the liquid level in the kettle 1 is too far, the liquid will be sprayed onto the wall surface of the kettle 1 to form wall flow and cause uneven distribution, which also requires that the atomizer 32 rises and falls with the rise and fall of the liquid level in the kettle 1; if the atomizer 32 is buried under the liquid level in the kettle 1 for spraying, the atomization effect is greatly reduced.
The lifting unit comprises a rack 41, a gear 42 and a lifting driving member (not shown in the figure), the rack 41 is arranged or formed on the first pipe section 311, the extending direction of the rack 41 is consistent with the extending direction of the first pipe section 311, the gear 42 is positioned outside the kettle body 1 and meshed with the rack 41, and the lifting driving member is in transmission connection with the gear 42 and drives the gear 42 to rotate. The lifting driving member adopts a speed-adjustable motor, and the rack 41 is moved upwards or downwards by the positive rotation or the negative rotation of the motor. In the present embodiment, the rack 41 is formed on the first pipe section 311, and the first pipe section 311 may be regarded as a hollow rack 41. The reaction kettle further comprises a supporting piece 5, the supporting piece 5 is located in the kettle body 1, one end of the supporting piece 5 is fixedly connected with the kettle body 1, the other end of the supporting piece 5 is sleeved on the first pipe section 311, no matter the first pipe section 311 is square or circular, the other end of the supporting piece 5 is matched with the shape of the first pipe section 311, and the first pipe section 311 is sleeved to avoid the first pipe section 311 from shaking when the first pipe section 311 is lifted or stirred by the stirring rod 21.
The lifting unit further comprises a liquid level height identifying component (not shown in the figures), the liquid level height identifying component is used for identifying the liquid level height in the kettle body 1, and the liquid level height identifying component is a conventional device well known to those skilled in the art and is not described in detail. The liquid level height identification part is electrically connected or in signal connection with the lifting driving part, and transmits the liquid level height in the kettle body 1 to the lifting driving part after identification, so as to control the height difference between the atomizing nozzle 32 and the liquid level in the kettle body 1. In the present embodiment, the liquid level height recognition unit employs a liquid level meter, and the rotation speed of the gear 42 is controlled by a liquid level change signal. For the lifting control of the embodiment, the liquid level of the inflow dropping liquid which can be raised can be calculated according to the dropping flow of the dropping liquid, so that the forward rotation, the reverse rotation and the rotating speed of the lifting driving piece are controlled.
The reaction kettle further comprises a baffle 7, the baffle 7 is arranged in the kettle body 1, the baffle 7 is connected with the inner wall of the kettle body 1, the baffle 7 extends along the axial direction of the kettle body 1, and a gap allowing liquid to pass through is reserved between the baffle 7 and the inner wall of the kettle body 1. The baffle 7 can enhance the mixing effect and eliminate the vortex to reduce the small fluctuation of the liquid level. In this embodiment, the baffle 7 is provided with 4 blocks, and is uniformly distributed around the inner periphery of the kettle body 1 around the axial direction of the kettle body 1.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the difference is that the lifting unit is implemented in a different manner, and the specific structure is as follows:
the lifting unit comprises a floating block 61 and a guide rod 62. The floating block 61 is positioned in the kettle body 1 and connected with the distributing pipe 31, and in the kettle body 1, the position of the floating block 61 is lower than that of the atomizing nozzle 32, so that the atomizing nozzle 32 is prevented from sinking below the liquid level in the kettle body 1. The floating blocks 61 are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of floating blocks 61 are uniformly distributed around the second pipe section 312, which means that the floating blocks are distributed circumferentially around the axial direction of the kettle body 1. The guide rod 62 is fixedly arranged in the kettle body 1, the extending direction of the guide rod 62 is consistent with the extending direction of the first pipe section 311, and the floating block 61 is arranged on the guide rod 62 in a penetrating mode and can slide along the guide rod 62. Specifically, the guide bar 62 is fixed to the bottom, top or side wall of the autoclave body 1. The floating block 61 floats along the guide rod 62 along with the height change of the liquid level in the kettle body 1, and the position of the floating block 61 and the position of the atomizer 32 are fixed, so that the atomizer 32 is constantly at the fixed height on the liquid level in the kettle body 1. The guide rods 62 are provided with a plurality of floating blocks 61, the floating blocks 61 are arranged on the guide rods 62 in a penetrating mode, and the connection stability between the floating blocks 61 and the guide rods 62 is enhanced.
The floating block 61 is lifted without control, and a fixed distance is reserved between the liquid level in the kettle body 1 and the atomizing nozzle 32. The size and material of the floating block 61 depend on the weight of the cloth unit, as long as the floating block 61 is subjected to buoyancy > the sum of the gravity of the cloth unit and the floating block 61. In the present embodiment, the distribution pipe 31 weighs about 3.11kg per meter, the first pipe section 311 has a length of 2m and a weight of about 6.22kg, the second pipe section 312 has an annular diameter of 1.2m and a weight of about 11.7kg, the atomizer 32 has a total weight of about 1kg, the float 61 is made of 304 stainless steel, the float 61 is cylindrical (the diameter and height are 0.25m and 0.3m, and the thickness is about 5mm), the self weight of a single float 61 is about 1.3kg, but the buoyancy (i.e., the displacement) of the single float 61 is about 14.7kg, in the present embodiment, the distribution unit is controlled by using three floats 61, so that the net buoyancy can reach 3 x 14.7 to 3 x 1.3 to 18.92 x 21.3kg, and the atomizer 32 can be completely supported above the liquid level in the tank 1.
Example three:
the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that the second pipe section has a different structure, which is as follows:
the second pipe section 312 is a straight pipe 3122, in order to avoid the stirring rod 21, the straight pipe 3122 is located on one side of the stirring rod 21, the first pipe section 311 is connected to the middle portion of the straight pipe 3122, the atomizer 32 is usually disposed at both ends of the straight pipe 3122 and the middle portion of the straight pipe 3122 (the middle portion may be particularly preferred to be directly opposite to the first pipe section 311), according to the installation requirement of the atomizer 32, the straight pipe 3122 may be parallel or obliquely installed between the planes of the first pipe section 311 and the axis of the kettle body 1, particularly preferably, the straight pipe 3122 is parallel between the planes of the first pipe section 311 and the axis of the kettle body 1, that is, the extending direction of the straight pipe 3122 coincides with the radial direction of the kettle body 1, the radial covering surface of the straight pipe 3122 in the kettle body 1 may be maximized, and the dropping liquid may be uniformly contacted with the liquid level in the kettle body 1 under the stirring effect.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.