CN217387498U - Power divider and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a power divider and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of radio frequency. The power divider comprises a common end transmission line, a microstrip impedance transformation line, at least two branch end transmission lines and at least one matching branch, wherein the common end transmission line is connected with the at least two branch end transmission lines through the microstrip impedance transformation line, and the matching branch is connected with the microstrip impedance transformation line; the matching branch circuit is used for performing impedance matching so that at least one branch end transmission line outputs power with different impedance from the common end transmission line. The power divider and the electronic equipment have the effects of being more flexible to use and richer in application scenes.

Description

Power divider and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of radio frequency, in particular to a power divider and electronic equipment.

Background

In the design process of matching in the power transistor, a parameter model of Die (chip) is directly used, the design of an internal matching circuit is given by using a simulation result of circuit simulation software, then matching is realized to 50 omega through impedance transformation, and power synthesis is realized through a PCB or a substrate.

However, in the existing matching design, the input impedance is generally 50 Ω, the output impedance is also 50 Ω, and the application scenario is relatively solid.

In summary, the problem of application scene solidification in the power synthesis process exists in the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application aims to provide a power divider and electronic equipment to solve the problem of application scene solidification in a power synthesis process in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application employ the following technical solutions:

on one hand, the embodiment of the application provides a power divider, which includes a common end transmission line, a microstrip impedance transformation line, at least two branch end transmission lines, and at least one matching branch, wherein the common end transmission line is connected with the at least two branch end transmission lines through the microstrip impedance transformation line, and the matching branch is connected with the microstrip impedance transformation line; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the matching branch circuit is used for impedance matching so that at least one branch end transmission line outputs power with different impedance from the common end transmission line.

Optionally, the common end transmission line, the microstrip impedance transformation line, the at least two branch end transmission lines, and the at least one matching branch each include a microstrip line; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

at least one microstrip line of the power divider adopts a microstrip gradually-changing line.

Optionally, the branch end transmission line includes a first branch end transmission line and a second branch end transmission line, the matching branch line includes a first matching branch line and a second matching branch line, the microstrip impedance transformation line includes a first microstrip impedance transformation line and a second microstrip impedance transformation line, the common end transmission line passes through the first microstrip impedance transformation line and is connected with the first branch end transmission line, the common end transmission line passes through the second microstrip impedance transformation line and is connected with the second branch end transmission line, the first matching branch line and the first microstrip impedance transformation line are connected, the second matching branch line and the second microstrip impedance transformation line are connected.

Optionally, the resistances of the first matching branch and the second matching branch are different.

Optionally, the resistances of the first matching branch and the second matching branch are the same.

Optionally, the first matching branch and the second matching branch are arranged oppositely.

Optionally, the matching branch includes a ceramic capacitor and a bonding line, and the ceramic capacitor is connected to the microstrip impedance transformation line through the bonding line.

Optionally, the matching branch comprises an open-stub network branch.

Optionally, the microstrip impedance transformation line encloses a "C" shape.

On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes the power divider described above.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

the embodiment of the application provides a power divider and electronic equipment, wherein the power divider comprises a public end transmission line, a micro-strip impedance transformation line, at least two branch end transmission lines and at least one matching branch, the public end transmission line is connected with the at least two branch end transmission lines through the micro-strip impedance transformation line, and the matching branch is connected with the micro-strip impedance transformation line; the matching branch circuit is used for impedance matching so that at least one branch end transmission line outputs power with different impedance from the common end transmission line. Because the matching branch circuit is arranged in the power divider provided by the application, and after impedance matching is carried out through the matching branch circuit, the branch end transmission line can output power with different impedances, so that the power divider can be used more flexibly, and application scenes are richer.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-to-two power divider in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a first connection diagram of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a second connection schematic diagram of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a third connection diagram of the power divider according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a fourth connection diagram of the power divider according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a first exemplary layout of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an exemplary layout of a one-to-two power divider in the prior art.

Fig. 9 is a second exemplary layout of the power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a third exemplary layout of the power divider according to the embodiment of the present application.

In the figure:

100-power divider; 110-common terminal transmission line; 120-microstrip impedance transformation line; 130-matching branch; 140-branch end transmission line; 121-a first microstrip impedance transformation line; 122-a second microstrip impedance transformation line; 131-a first matching branch; 132-a second matching branch; 141-a first branch end transmission line; 142-second branch end transmission line.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

The power divider (power divider) is a commonly used passive component in microwave circuit design, which is called power divider for short, and can divide one path of output power into N paths of microwave components for power output according to a certain proportion. Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure diagram of a one-to-two power divider in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, a signal entering from an a port is divided into two paths of signals and output from C1 and C2 ports. Of course, if the signals are input from the ports C1 and C2 and output from the port a, the power divider can also be used as a power combiner.

However, as described in the background art, impedance transformation matching is required in inputting and outputting signals, and the current impedance transformation matching is generally fixed, and generally has an input impedance of 50 Ω and an output impedance of 50 Ω, which results in a relatively fixed application scenario.

Taking the power divider shown in fig. 1 as an example, in the prior art, the input impedance of the combining port a needs to be matched to 50 Ω, and the output impedances of the splitting port C1 and the splitting port C2 also need to be matched to 50 Ω, so as to implement input and output of signals. Therefore, the current power divider is only suitable for a conventional 50 Ω impedance system, and the application scenario is single.

However, in some other scenarios, the output impedance may need to be different from 50 Ω, for example, the output impedance needs to be matched to 10 Ω, or to 25 Ω, and the conventional one-to-two power divider as shown in fig. 1 cannot be applied.

In view of this, in order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a power divider, which implements an effect of outputting power with different impedances by arranging at least one matching branch in the power divider.

The following is an exemplary description of the power divider provided in the present application:

as an implementation manner, referring to fig. 2, the power divider 100 includes a common end transmission line 110, a microstrip impedance transformation line 120, at least two branch end transmission lines 140, and at least one matching branch 130, the common end transmission line 110 is connected to the at least two branch end transmission lines 140 through the microstrip impedance transformation line 120, and the matching branch 130 is connected to the microstrip impedance transformation line 120; the matching branch 130 is used for impedance matching, so that at least one branch-end transmission line 140 outputs power with different impedance from the common-end transmission line 110.

Of course, the common transmission line 110 is connected to a common port, and the branch transmission line 140 is connected to a branch port, so as to realize input and output of signals.

On one hand, by providing the matching branch 130, at least two branch end transmission lines 140 can output power with different impedances, for example, the output impedance of the branch end transmission line 140 can be matched to 10 Ω or 25 Ω, and further, the diversification of application scenarios can be realized. On the other hand, by arranging the matching branch 130, a quarter matcher of a single branch can be replaced, so that the matching branch is smaller in size and beneficial to miniaturization.

It should be noted that, the number of the branch end transmission lines 140 is not limited in the present application, for example, the number of the branch end transmission lines 140 may be 2, or 3 or 4 …, where when the number of the branch end transmission lines 140 is 2, the power divider 100 is a one-to-two power divider; when the number of the branch transmission lines 140 is 3, the power divider 100 is a one-to-three power divider, and when the number of the branch transmission lines 140 is 4, the power divider 100 is a one-to-four power divider ….

For convenience of illustration, the present application will be discussed by taking a one-to-two power divider as an example, wherein, referring to fig. 3, when a one-to-two power divider is adopted, the branch transmission line 140 includes a first branch transmission line 141 and a second branch transmission line 142, on the basis that the matching branch 130 includes a first matching branch 131 and a second matching branch 132, the microstrip impedance transformation line 120 includes a first microstrip impedance transformation line 121 and a second microstrip impedance transformation line 122, the common transmission line 110 is connected to the first branch transmission line 141 through the first microstrip impedance transformation line 121, the common transmission line 110 is connected to the second branch transmission line 142 through the second microstrip impedance transformation line 122, the first matching branch 131 is connected to the first microstrip impedance transformation line 121, and the second matching branch 132 is connected to the second microstrip impedance transformation line 122.

As shown in the figure, when a one-to-two power divider is adopted, a first matching branch 131 and a second matching branch 132 may be respectively disposed on the first microstrip impedance transformation line 121 and the second microstrip impedance transformation line 122 of the power divider 100, wherein the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are used for implementing impedance matching, and the original lengths of the first microstrip impedance transformation line 121 and the second microstrip impedance transformation line 122 may be shortened by disposing the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132, thereby facilitating reduction of the size of the whole power divider 100.

Of course, in an actual impedance matching design, the matching branch 130 may be designed in different ways, for example, in an implementation manner, when the first branch end transmission line 141 and the second branch end transmission line 142 need to be matched to the same impedance, if the input impedance of the common end transmission line 110 is 50 Ω and the output impedances of the first branch end transmission line 141 and the second branch end transmission line 142 are both 25 Ω, the resistances of the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are the same, and the structures of the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are also the same. On this basis, optionally, the power divider 100 is arranged in a symmetrical structure.

In another implementation, the output impedances of the first branch-end transmission line 141 and the second branch-end transmission line 142 may also be different, for example, the output impedance of the first branch-end transmission line 141 is 25 Ω, and the output impedance of the second branch-end transmission line 142 is 10 Ω; alternatively, the output impedance of the first branch-end transmission line 141 is 25 Ω, and the output impedance of the second branch-end transmission line 142 is 50 Ω. At this time, optionally, the resistances of the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are different. Of course, other arrangements may be adopted, for example, on the basis of fig. 3, only the first matching branch 131 located above may be arranged, and the second matching branch 132 located below may be removed, as shown in fig. 4. Alternatively, only the second matching branch 132 located below may be provided, and the first matching branch 131 located above may be removed, which is not limited herein.

In addition, in fig. 3, the number of the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 is 1, but in practical application, the number of the matching branches 130 may also be multiple, for example, please refer to fig. 5, the number of the first matching branch 131 is 2, and the number of the second matching branch 132 is 1, so that the output impedances of the first branch end transmission line 141 and the second branch end transmission line 142 are different. Of course, the number of the first matching branches 131 and the second matching branches 132 may also be set according to practical applications, for example, the number of the first matching branches 131 and the number of the second matching branches 132 are both 2, or the number of the first matching branches 131 is 1, and the number of the second matching branches 132 is 3.

Referring to fig. 3, in an implementation, the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are both open-circuited branch network branches, and the open-circuited branch network branches refer to branches with suspended ports.

As one implementation manner of the present application, the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 each include a microstrip line. As shown in fig. 3, A, C, D in fig. 3 each represents a microstrip line, B represents a test port with impedance for performing impedance test, images having the same shape as A, B, C, D in fig. 3 each represent the same device, and a represents a normal microstrip line, C represents a tapered microstrip line, and D represents a microstrip line with three ports. The common transmission line 110 is connected to the first microstrip impedance transformation line 121 and the second microstrip impedance transformation line 122 through microstrip lines with three ports. On the basis, as can be seen from fig. 3, the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 both include two microstrip lines.

Optionally, the microstrip impedance transformation line 120 encloses a "C" shape. Referring to fig. 3, when the free end of the first matching branch 131 is disposed upward and the free end of the second matching branch 132 is disposed downward, the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 actually occupy a larger size. In view of this, in order to reduce the size of the power divider 100, referring to fig. 6, in one implementation, the first matching branch 131 is disposed opposite to the second matching branch 132. That is, the free end of the first matching branch 131 faces downward, and the free end of the second matching branch 132 faces upward, so that the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are both located in the "C" structure surrounded by the microstrip impedance transformation line 120, and the overall occupied volume of the power divider 100 is further reduced.

In another alternative implementation, referring to fig. 7, the matching branch 130 includes a ceramic capacitor and a bonding line, and the ceramic capacitor is connected to the microstrip impedance transformation line 120 through the bonding line. Because the ceramic capacitor has a small volume, the mode of forming the matching branch 130 by using a microstrip line is replaced by the mode of forming the matching branch by using the ceramic capacitor and the bonding line, so that the size of the power divider 100 can be further reduced. It is understood that the first matching branch 131 includes a ceramic capacitor, the second matching branch 132 also includes a ceramic capacitor, and both the ceramic capacitors are located in the C-shaped structure surrounded by the microstrip impedance transforming line 120, so as to reduce the overall occupied volume of the power divider 100. The bonding wire described herein refers to a bonding wire for connecting the ceramic capacitor and the microstrip impedance transformation wire 120.

In addition, as shown in fig. 8, the one-to-two power divider in the prior art adopts the microstrip impedance transformation line 120 with the same width, so that the bandwidth is limited.

In view of the above, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the common transmission line 110, the microstrip impedance transformation line 120, the at least two branch transmission lines 140, and the at least one matching branch 130 all include microstrip lines; at least one microstrip line of the power divider 100 is a microstrip gradient line. The microstrip gradually-changing line is a microstrip line with gradually-increased or decreased width.

For example, as shown in fig. 3, microstrip gradations are disposed on the common end transmission line 110, the first branch end transmission line 141, and the second branch end transmission line 142, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the broadband characteristics.

In addition, in the power divider 100 provided in the present application, the specific size thereof may be designed by combining the size requirement and the S parameter.

For example, in practical design, the ideal minimum size, standing wave under bandwidth limitation, and insertion loss index are designed as the design threshold first. Under the S parameter fitting optimization, the target expected values of S21 and S11 of the central frequency point are used as fitting targets, the line width and the line length of the transmission line 140 at the branch end are used as objects which can be optimized, and the optimal size after fitting between the S parameter and the size is determined. Wherein, the S parameter is a scattering parameter and is an important parameter in microwave transmission. S12 is reverse transmission coefficient, i.e. isolation; s21 is the forward transmission coefficient, i.e., the gain; s11 is the input reflection coefficient, i.e. the input return loss; s22 is the output reflection coefficient, i.e., the output return loss.

Secondly, the equal-width impedance transformation line is changed into a micro-strip gradual change line, so that the bandwidth is expanded. The target expectation values of S21 and S11 of the full operating bandwidth are set as fitting targets, and the line widths of the front and rear ends are set as optimization targets to be optimized.

The side path impedance transformation line of the power divider 100 is optimized to realize that the impedance transformation line becomes a T-shaped broadband matching network, so that the size is reduced. An extra matching branch 130 is added on the microstrip impedance transformation line 120, a single impedance gradual change line is replaced by a T-type network, and the length of the transmission line 140 at the original branch end can be shortened under the condition that the broadband performance of S11 and S21 is basically unchanged by optimizing the line width and the line length of the branch.

The input broadband standing wave is realized through the input impedance transformation line, and high-performance matching with low broadband insertion loss can be realized when the output is also the broadband standing wave. And (3) taking the target expected values of S21 and S11 of the full working bandwidth as a fitting target, replacing the equal-width T-shaped branch equal-width line with a gradual change line, and optimizing the line widths of the front end and the rear end as an optimization object. On the basis, the constant-width impedance variation line is changed into an impedance gradient line, the broadband insertion loss and the broadband standing wave index are focused, so that the broadband characteristic is optimized, and the sizes of the matching branch 130 and the branch end transmission line 140 are finally determined.

In addition, the first matching branch 131 and the second matching branch 132 are disposed opposite to each other, so that the size of the power divider 100 is further reduced.

In one implementation, the power divider 100 provided herein may further use a substrate with a non-high dielectric constant, for example, a GaAS material or an IPD material instead of the substrate, so as to reduce the cost while maintaining consistent rf performance in mass production.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the power divider 100 described above. For example, the electronic device may be a radio frequency transceiver or the like.

To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides a power divider and an electronic device, where the power divider includes a common end transmission line, a microstrip impedance transformation line, at least two branch end transmission lines, and at least one matching branch, the common end transmission line is connected to the at least two branch end transmission lines through the microstrip impedance transformation line, and the matching branch is connected to the microstrip impedance transformation line; the matching branch circuit is used for impedance matching so that at least one branch end transmission line outputs power with different impedance from the common end transmission line. Because the matching branch circuit is arranged in the power divider provided by the application, and after impedance matching is carried out through the matching branch circuit, the branch end transmission line can output power with different impedances, so that the power divider can be used more flexibly, and application scenes are richer.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (10)

1. A power divider is characterized by comprising a common end transmission line, a microstrip impedance transformation line, at least two branch end transmission lines and at least one matching branch, wherein the common end transmission line is connected with the at least two branch end transmission lines through the microstrip impedance transformation line, and the matching branch is connected with the microstrip impedance transformation line; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the matching branch circuit is used for impedance matching so that at least one branch end transmission line outputs power with different impedance from the common end transmission line.

2. The power divider of claim 1, wherein the common end transmission line, the microstrip impedance transformation line, the at least two branch end transmission lines, and the at least one matching branch each comprise a microstrip line; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

at least one microstrip line of the power divider adopts a microstrip gradual change line.

3. The power divider of claim 1, wherein the branch end transmission lines comprise a first branch end transmission line and a second branch end transmission line, the matching branches comprise a first matching branch and a second matching branch, the microstrip impedance transformation line comprises a first microstrip impedance transformation line and a second microstrip impedance transformation line, the common end transmission line is connected with the first branch end transmission line through the first microstrip impedance transformation line, the common end transmission line is connected with the second branch end transmission line through the second microstrip impedance transformation line, the first matching branch is connected with the first microstrip impedance transformation line, and the second matching branch is connected with the second microstrip impedance transformation line.

4. The power divider of claim 3, wherein the first matching branch and the second matching branch have different resistances.

5. The power divider of claim 3, wherein the first matching branch and the second matching branch have the same resistance.

6. The power divider of claim 3, wherein the first matching branch is disposed opposite the second matching branch.

7. The power divider of claim 1, wherein the matching branch comprises a ceramic capacitor and a bonding line, and the ceramic capacitor is connected with the microstrip impedance transformation line through the bonding line.

8. The power divider of claim 1, wherein the matching leg comprises an open stub network leg.

9. The power divider of claim 1, wherein the microstrip impedance transformation lines enclose a "C" shape.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a power divider according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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