CN217366932U

CN217366932U - Emergency quick-falling escape device

Info

Publication number: CN217366932U
Application number: CN202220936144.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张欣
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd; Sinopec Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd; Sinopec Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-21
Filing date: 2022-04-21
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses an emergent quick-fall escape device, including lifting hook, wire rope, reel, stopper, dispose manually-operated mechanism's electric actuator, one way clutch and shaft coupling, one way clutch one end is through a shaft coupling and electric actuator hookup, and the one way clutch other end is through another shaft coupling and reel one end hookup, twines wire rope on the reel, and the wire rope end sets up the lifting hook, and the stopper sets up in the both ends or the one end of reel, but wherein one way clutch is under the electric actuator drive two-way rotation transmission torque. The emergency quick-falling escape device provided by the invention can be arranged at the positions of a high tower, a storage tank, other high-rise reactors, containers and the like in a petrochemical plant, related high-rise equipment structures thereof, other plant high-rise equipment structures, top escape platforms of various civil high-rise buildings and the like for quick and safe escape of people in case of danger.

Description

Emergency quick-falling escape device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of escape device, specifically speaking relates to an emergent fast fall escape device.

Background

In petrochemical plants, a large number of towers, reactors, vessels, storage tanks, and other associated high-rise structures (hereinafter referred to as high-rise facilities or buildings) are typically provided. These high-rise equipment or buildings are often disposed in flammable, explosive and fire hazard areas, in danger of fire. When a fire hazard situation is encountered, the operator is in an extremely dangerous situation if he is on the top floor of high-rise equipment and buildings or other operating platforms. It is necessary to escape quickly. In the past, an operator can only select an escape route to escape by means of a conventional platform, a stair channel and the like, the escape mode selected in the prior art is low in escape efficiency, and under the condition that the trend of a fire is difficult to predict, the escape direction is possibly misjudged, the escape time is delayed, the optimal escape opportunity is missed in the time of the fire occurrence and development process, and the operator is already in danger of the fire. Sometimes, the operator may choose to escape in an extremely dangerous way, such as holding high-rise equipment or a column beside a building or a high-rise drainage pipeline, and without any safety protection facility and speed reducing mechanism, the extremely dangerous escape way may endanger the health and even life safety of the operator. In view of the above circumstances, there is a need to develop and select a suitable fast-descent escape device for high-rise equipment or buildings, so as to improve the escape efficiency and protect the personal health and life safety of the evacuees.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem that high-rise equipment or buildings in the existing petrochemical device lack a high-efficiency and safe quick-falling escape device, the utility model provides an emergency quick-falling escape device.

The utility model provides an emergent quick-fall escape device includes lifting hook, wire rope, reel, stopper, disposes manually operated mechanism's electric actuator, one way clutch and shaft coupling, and one way clutch one end is through a shaft coupling and electric actuator hookup, and the one way clutch other end is through another shaft coupling and reel one end hookup, twines wire rope on the reel, and the wire rope end sets up the lifting hook, and the stopper sets up in the both ends or the one end of reel.

The one-way clutch is a one-way clutch with a claw and capable of bidirectionally transmitting torque, an outer ring of the one-way clutch is connected with the electric actuating mechanism through a coupler, the claw of the one-way clutch is connected with the winding drum through another coupler, and the one-way clutch can bidirectionally rotate to transmit torque under the driving of the electric actuating mechanism.

Normally, a motor in the electric actuating mechanism rotates forward and backward, and forward and backward rotation of the winding drum can be realized by transmitting torque in a forward direction or a backward direction through the one-way clutch. When the motor is in emergency state, such as power failure in case of fire, the one-way clutch can be disengaged when the winding drum rotates, and the rotation of the winding drum is not limited by the state of the motor. The operating and overhauling personnel can utilize the characteristic to realize the quick-fall escape.

When people quickly fall for escape and the falling speed is too high, the personnel can be limited from falling too fast through the brake arranged at the two ends or one end of the winding drum.

The brake is a mechanical centrifugal friction brake and consists of an outer shell, a flyweight seat, a flyweight, a spring and a brake disc, the brake is arranged on a radial sleeve of a winding drum end cover close to the winding drum end cover, and the radial sleeve of the winding drum end cover is fixed on a winding drum shaft; the flyweight comprises a flyweight shaft and a flyweight body, the flyweight and the spring are arranged in a flyweight seat, a cylindrical inner hole is formed in the flyweight seat, a cylindrical bottom hole is formed in the bottom of the cylindrical inner hole, and the flyweight shaft is loosely sleeved in the cylindrical bottom hole; one end of the spring is arranged at the bottom of the inner hole of the flyweight seat, and the other end of the spring is arranged at the bottom of the flyweight body in a propping manner; one end of the flyweight seat, which is far away from the flyweight body, is fixed on a radial sleeve of the end cover of the winding drum, the outer shell is fixedly arranged on the support in a cylindrical shape, the inner surface of the outer shell is provided with a groove along the circumferential direction, the brake disc is embedded and arranged in the groove along the circumference of the inner surface of the outer shell, and the brake disc is in an integral type or a sectional type; the reel shaft can drive the flyweight to rotate relative to the brake disc, and when the reel shaft is static, a certain gap is kept between the brake disc and the flyweight.

The utility model provides an emergent fast speed of falling escape device can set up the top of well high-rise tower, storage tank and other high-rise reactors, containers etc. and relevant high-rise equipment structure, other high-rise equipment structure of mill and all kinds of civilian high-rise building platform of fleing etc. and be used for the dangerous emergence personnel's when fleeing.

In the installation the utility model discloses an emergent fast escape device that falls during, can improve emergent escape device's security, convenience in the use through modes such as laborsaving assembly pulleys that set up fast falling fixed pulley, or fast falling fixed pulley and the fast falling movable pulley constitute on wire rope removal route.

The utility model discloses an emergent fast falling escape device's theory of operation as follows:

1) under the condition of power supply, the output rotating speed of the electric actuating mechanism can be controlled through a gear reducing mechanism or a worm and gear reducing mechanism arranged on the electric actuating mechanism, so that the rotating speed of the winding drum is controlled, and personnel can descend at a constant speed. After the escape personnel flee, usable electric actuator reversal drive reel rope sheave system makes the lifting hook rise the playback, and the lifting hook returns to high-rise platform of fleing promptly. Therefore, the escape device is beneficial to a plurality of people to quickly fall and escape for a plurality of times.

2) Under the unpowered condition of outage, when personnel flee, the accessible dead weight drags the reel and rotates, and at this moment, one-way clutch surmounts, does not back drive electric actuator, and, decline initial stage still can improve the decline speed of personnel of fleing rapidly. When personnel descend too fast, the mechanical centrifugal friction brakes at the two ends of the winding drum can be used for braking, so that the winding drum is prevented from rotating too fast, and the descending speed of the personnel is prevented from being too fast when the personnel escape.

The working principle of the brake is as follows: when the descending speed of the personnel reaches a fixed value, the flyweight overcomes the spring force of the spring and flies outwards under the action of centrifugal force, so that the flyweight body at the top of the flyweight is contacted with the brake disc and is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the brake disc. The flyweights rotate relative to the inner circumferential surface of the brake disc, friction force is generated due to the outward centrifugal force of the flyweights, braking resistance is formed, the winding drum is prevented from rotating too fast, descending motion of escape personnel is decelerated, the escape personnel is prevented from falling too fast, and inertia impact force when the escape personnel falls to the ground is reduced.

When the labor-saving pulley block consisting of the speed-down fixed pulley and the speed-down movable pulley is adopted, the friction force generated by the brake can be multiplied along with the acceleration of the descending speed. If the number of the pulleys of the labor-saving pulley block is n, the rotating speed of the winding drum is n times of the descending speed of the personnel. Thus, the higher the descent speed, the more the rotation speed of the drum is multiplied, which is beneficial to the flyweight to contact with the brake disc quickly under the action of centrifugal force to generate friction resistance. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the flyweights and, consequently, the friction force generated by the friction disks, is proportional to the square of the speed of rotation of the spool, so that the frictional resistance generated by the flyweights and friction disks is n times the square of the descent speed. The faster the descent speed is, the more multiplied the centrifugal force and thus the frictional force will be, and the faster the descent of the evacuee can be prevented more effectively.

After the personnel fast fall ground and flee, the last manual mechanism who disposes of accessible electric actuator rotates the reel, and the lifting hook promotes and comes to the platform of fleing above playback to do benefit to used repeatedly.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

1) the utility model discloses the structure is unique, installation convenient to use, and the security is high, and the range of application is wide.

2) The power supply can be normally used under the conditions of power supply and no power supply, and is safe and reliable.

3) The utility model discloses an escape device can follow high-rise equipment or building edge, arranges the speed reduction pulley or laborsaving assembly pulley in the distal end of high-rise equipment or building. Therefore, the escape personnel can escape from the dangerous medium or the fire source.

4) The utility model discloses an escape device can follow high-rise equipment or building circumference length direction equipartition and set up many sets to when the conflagration takes place, select comparatively safe direction to flee.

5) Adopt the utility model discloses an escape device is convenient for set up light-duty fire prevention building on the platform of fleing to do benefit to the fire prevention and flee. And equipment such as a portable fire extinguisher, a self-rescue respirator, a fire-fighting life jacket and the like can be conveniently arranged on the ground close to the escape device, and fire-fighting facilities such as a fire hydrant, a fire monitor and the like can be conveniently arranged, so that the fire-fighting safety during escape is facilitated, and the nearby fire prevention and extinguishment is also facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the emergency quick-descent escape device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an installation and usage diagram of the emergency quick-descent escape device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the brake of the emergency quick-descent escape device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-electric actuator, 2-manual mechanism, 3-coupler, 4-one-way clutch, 5-reel, 6-wire rope, 7-reel end cover, 8-reel end cover radial sleeve, 9-support bearing, 10-reel shaft, 11-bearing box, 12-brake, 13-speed-reduction fixed pulley, 14-lifting hook, 15-steel structure support, 16-storage tank, 17-escape platform, 18-first layer equipment platform, 19-second layer equipment platform, 20-buffer air cushion, 21-brake disc, 22-cylindrical inner hole, 23-cylindrical bottom hole, 24-flyweight seat, 25-outer shell, 26-flyweight, 27-flyweight body, 28-flyweight shaft, 29-spring, 30-support, 31-key, 32-fin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model discloses an emergent fast escape device that falls includes lifting hook 14, fast fixed pulley 13 that falls, wire rope 6, reel 5, stopper 12, dispose manually-operated mechanism 2's electric actuator 1, one way clutch 4 and shaft coupling 3, one way clutch 4 one end is through a shaft coupling 3 and the hookup of electric actuator 9, the 4 other ends of one way clutch are through another shaft coupling 3 and the hookup of 5 one ends of reel, winding wire rope 6 on reel 5, wire rope 6 walks around fast fixed pulley 13 that falls, its end sets up lifting hook 14, stopper 12 sets up in the both ends of reel 5, but wherein one way clutch 4 two-way rotation transmission torque under the drive of electric actuator 9.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the brake 12 is a mechanical centrifugal friction brake, and is disposed at two ends of the winding drum 5, the brake 12 is composed of an outer shell 25, a flyweight seat 24, a flyweight 26, a spring 29 and a brake disc 21, the brake 12 is mounted on a winding drum end cover radial sleeve 8 near the winding drum end cover 7, the winding drum end cover radial sleeve 8 is fixed on the winding drum shaft 10, a bearing box 11 is disposed at an end of the winding drum shaft 10, and a support bearing 9 is disposed in the bearing box 11 for supporting the winding drum shaft 10; the flyweight 26 consists of a flyweight shaft 28 and a flyweight body 27, the flyweight 26 and a spring 29 are installed in a flyweight seat 24, a cylindrical inner hole 22 is formed in the flyweight seat 24, a cylindrical bottom hole 23 is formed at the bottom of the cylindrical inner hole 22, and the flyweight shaft 28 is loosely installed in the cylindrical bottom hole 23; one end of the spring 29 is arranged at the bottom of the inner hole 22 of the flyweight seat, and the other end of the spring is arranged at the bottom of the flyweight body 27 in a propping manner; one end of the flyweight seat 24, which is far away from the flyweight body 27, is fixed on the radial sleeve 8 of the end cover of the winding drum, and is fixed and transmits torque through a key 31; the outer shell 25 is fixedly arranged on the support 30 in a cylindrical shape, a groove is formed in the inner surface of the outer shell 25 along the circumferential direction, the brake disc 21 is embedded and arranged in the groove along the circumference of the inner surface of the outer shell 25, and the brake disc 21 is integrated or segmented; the reel shaft 10 can drive the flyweight 26 to rotate relative to the brake disc 21, and when the reel shaft 10 is static, a certain gap is kept between the brake disc 21 and the flyweight body 27 of the flyweight 26; fins 32 may be provided on the outer wall of the outer housing 25 for heat dissipation. The number of the flyweights 26 in fig. 3 is 3, but the number of the flyweights can be increased or decreased according to actual conditions, and generally 2 to 6 flyweights can be provided.

Fig. 2 is an installation and use diagram of the emergency quick-falling escape device, as shown in the figure, set up steel structure support 15 on the ground near storage tank 16 bottom, be equipped with platform 17 of fleing on steel structure support 15 upper portion and the same high position in storage tank 16 top, be equipped with first floor equipment platform 18 and second floor equipment platform 19 in proper order at steel structure support 15 top, reel 5 sets up on first floor equipment platform 18, quick-falling fixed pulley 13 sets up on second floor equipment platform 19, wire rope 6 walks around quick-falling fixed pulley 13, its end hangs lifting hook 14, the personnel of fleing wear the escape apparatus through platform 17 of fleing and hang and flee on lifting hook 14, be equipped with buffering air cushion 20 at the personnel's that flee floor point.

Certainly, when the emergency quick-falling escape device is installed and used, light fireproof buildings can be built on the escape platform 17, the first-layer equipment platform 18 and the second-layer equipment platform 19 so as to be beneficial to fireproof escape; a labor-saving pulley block composed of a speed-down fixed pulley and a speed-down movable pulley may be provided on the moving path of the wire rope 6, and in this case, the speed-down movable pulley is lifted and lowered together with the hook 14.

The working principle of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3:

under the condition that there is power, the start of electric actuator 1, electric actuator 1 accessible one way clutch 4 forward transmission moment of torsion, then through 3 output torque drive reels 5 rotations of shaft coupling, rope 6 unreels on reels 5, under the drive of dead weight and reel rope sheave system, the personnel of fleing descend at the uniform velocity. When the escape person approaches the ground, the electric actuating mechanism 1 is stopped, and the escape person takes off the escape appliance from the lifting hook 14 to escape. The evacuee can fall down to the buffering air cushion 20 to relieve the falling impact. Then, restart electric actuator 1, electric actuator 1 passes through the motor reversal operation, and electric actuator 1 accessible one way clutch 4 reverse transmission moment of torsion, then through the 5 reversals of shaft coupling 3 drive reel, and wire rope 6 is taken up the rope on reel 5 this moment, and lifting hook 14 rises, and after lifting more than the platform 17 of fleing, electric actuator 1 halts, and lifting hook 14 playback to do benefit to the quick-fall escape device reuse. The one-way clutch 4 can be a two-way roller type clutch with a claw or an overrunning clutch with a similar structure, the two-way transmission torque of forward rotation or reverse rotation when the electric actuating mechanism 1 is driven can be realized through the operation of the claw, the overrunning disengagement when the winding drum end is driven is realized, and the winding drum can actively rotate freely at the moment and is not limited by the electric actuating mechanism.

The electric actuator 1 can be started by operating the wire-controlled operation box. The stop can be realized by automatic control, namely the stop of the electric actuating mechanism 1 can be controlled according to a limit position switch arranged above the escape platform 17 and close to the ground.

Under the condition of no power in power failure, the electric actuating mechanism 1 is in an emergency state as follows: when the fire breaks down or fails to operate, and the escape personnel escape, the escape appliance is worn and hung on the lifting hook 14. The escape personnel drag the fast-descending fixed pulley 13 to rotate through the steel wire rope 6 under the driving of self gravity, and further drive the winding drum 5 to rotate. The one-way clutch 4 can be overrun and separated from the electric actuating mechanism 1 by the rotation operation of the pawl of the one-way clutch 4 driven by the winding drum. The escape personnel can fall freely without reversely driving the electric actuating mechanism 1. In addition, the descending speed of the evacuee can be rapidly increased at the descending starting stage. When the evacuee falls, the wire rope 6 pulls the drum 5 to rotate via the fast-descending fixed sheave 13, and the flyweight 26 of the brake 12 mounted on the drum 5 rotates together with the drum 5. As the descending speed of the evacuee 1 increases, the rotation speed of the drum 5 also increases, and when the descending speed of the evacuee reaches a constant value, the brake 12 generates a frictional braking force by the centrifugal force, preventing the evacuee from descending too fast.

When the evacuee's descent speed reaches a certain value, the flyweights 26 fly outward against the spring force of the springs 29 by the centrifugal force, so that the flyweight bodies 27 at the tops of the flyweights 26 are brought into contact with the disc rotor 21 to abut against the inner circumferential surface of the disc rotor 21. The flyweights 27 are rotated relative to the inner circumferential surface of the brake disc 21 to generate a frictional force due to an outward centrifugal force of the flyweights 26, thereby forming a braking resistance to prevent the drum 5 from being rotated too fast, and to decelerate the rotational movement of the fast-descending fixed pulley 13 and the descending movement of the evacuee, thereby preventing the evacuee from falling too fast and reducing an inertial impact force when the evacuee lands on the ground.

When the electric escape device is operated under the power-off and unpowered condition, the motor is powered off, the winding drum 5 can be rotated by the manual mechanism 2 arranged on the electric actuating mechanism 1, and the lifting hook 14 is lifted up to return to the position above the escape platform 17, so that the electric escape device is favorable for repeated use.

Claims

1. An emergent fast speed reduction escape device which characterized in that: including lifting hook, wire rope, reel, stopper, dispose manually operation mechanism's electric actuator, one way clutch and shaft coupling, one way clutch one end is through a shaft coupling and electric actuator hookup, the one way clutch other end is through another shaft coupling and reel one end hookup, twines wire rope on the reel, and the wire rope end sets up the lifting hook, and the stopper sets up in the both ends or the one end of reel.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the one-way clutch is a one-way clutch with a claw and capable of bidirectionally transmitting torque, an outer ring of the one-way clutch is connected with the electric actuating mechanism through a coupler, the claw of the one-way clutch is connected with the winding drum through another coupler, and the one-way clutch can bidirectionally rotate to transmit torque under the driving of the electric actuating mechanism.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the brake is a mechanical centrifugal friction brake and consists of an outer shell, a flyweight seat, a flyweight, a spring and a brake disc, the brake is arranged on a radial sleeve of a winding drum end cover close to the winding drum end cover, and the radial sleeve of the winding drum end cover is fixed on a winding drum shaft; the flyweight comprises a flyweight shaft and a flyweight body, the flyweight and the spring are arranged in a flyweight seat, a cylindrical inner hole is formed in the flyweight seat, a cylindrical bottom hole is formed in the bottom of the cylindrical inner hole, and the flyweight shaft is loosely sleeved in the cylindrical bottom hole; one end of the spring is arranged at the bottom of the inner hole of the flyweight seat, and the other end of the spring is arranged at the bottom of the flyweight body in a propping manner; one end of the flyweight seat, which is far away from the flyweight body, is fixed on a radial sleeve of the end cover of the winding drum, the outer shell is fixedly arranged on the support in a cylindrical shape, the inner surface of the outer shell is provided with a groove along the circumferential direction, the brake disc is embedded and arranged in the groove along the circumference of the inner surface of the outer shell, and the brake disc is in an integral type or a sectional type; the reel shaft can drive the flyweight to rotate relative to the brake disc, and when the reel shaft is static, a certain gap is kept between the brake disc and the flyweight.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a speed-reducing fixed pulley is arranged on a moving path of the steel wire rope.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a labor-saving pulley block consisting of a fast-descending fixed pulley and a fast-descending movable pulley is arranged on a moving path of the steel wire rope.