CN217323205U

CN217323205U - Braking device for pneumatic balance crane

Info

Publication number: CN217323205U
Application number: CN202221113424.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴章
Original assignee: Jiangsu Han'en Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Han'en Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2022-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a arresting gear for pneumatic balance hangs relates to pneumatic balance and hangs technical field, its technical essential: the brake device comprises a cylinder, wherein a brake end cover and an air inlet end cover are respectively arranged on two sides of the cylinder, a ball screw is arranged on the brake end cover and the air inlet end cover, a winding drum is arranged on the ball screw in a threaded manner, a sleeve is arranged outside the ball screw on the air inlet end cover, a piston attached to the inner wall of the cylinder is arranged on the sleeve in a sliding manner, the piston is connected with the winding drum through a plane bearing, an air inlet mechanism is arranged at the air inlet end cover, a ratchet wheel is arranged in the brake end cover, a rotor is arranged in the ratchet wheel in a rotating manner, one side of the winding drum is connected with the rotor through a transmission rod, the rotor is provided with a pawl through a pin shaft, the pawl is also connected with the rotor through an extension spring, and the pawl is matched with the ratchet wheel; the utility model discloses reduce the too fast rotatory possibility that leads to the too fast lift of lifting hook of reel, reduce the potential safety hazard.

Description

Braking device for pneumatic balance crane

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the pneumatic balance hangs technique and specifically relates to a arresting gear for pneumatic balance hangs is related to.

Background

The pneumatic balance crane is power-assisted carrying equipment, uses compressed air as power, and balances the self weight of an object and the pressure in a cylinder through a transmission mechanism and an air distribution system to realize the lifting, keeping and descending movement of the heavy object. The pneumatic balance crane is used in the material handling industry, can achieve power-assisted handling, reduces labor force of workers, and can achieve 24-hour uninterrupted operation. However, when the load of the lifting hook connected to the pneumatic balance lifting steel wire rope changes suddenly or the load is light, an operator presses the starting switch, the lifting hook can rise rapidly, and the lifting hook moving at a high speed can cause injury or damage to the operator or equipment. There is therefore a need for an emergency braking device for preventing sudden pull-up or activation of a cable.

The prior art of the brake mechanism for the pneumatic balance crane at present does not really solve the problem. One method is to use the friction between the boss of the brake arm and the inner wall of the brake ring to generate extrusion to realize braking, but the braking mechanism has the following defects:

the existing braking technology adopts the extrusion force generated by the friction between the boss of the brake arm and the inner wall of the brake ring to realize braking, and if the air inlet pressure is unstable, the rotating speed and the thrust of the boss of the brake arm can be unstable. This can lead to unstable friction between the boss of the brake arm and the inner wall of the brake ring, thereby affecting the stability of the brake.

The existing braking technology adopts the extrusion force generated by friction between the boss of the braking arm and the inner wall of the braking ring to realize braking, and the boss of the braking arm and the inner wall of the braking ring are both smooth and clean surfaces, so that even if the braking is effective at the moment, the boss of the braking arm can be separated from the inner wall of the braking ring when the pneumatic balance crane body or a braking system suddenly bumps or shakes, and the possibility of braking failure is caused.

In conclusion, the existing pneumatic balance crane braking mechanism has great potential safety hazard.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a arresting gear for pneumatic balance hangs reduces the reel and rotates the possibility that leads to the lifting hook to go up and down too fast, reduces the potential safety hazard.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a arresting gear for pneumatic balance hangs, includes the barrel, the barrel both sides are equipped with brake end cover and inlet end cover respectively, brake end cover and inlet end cover are equipped with ball screw, the screw thread is equipped with the reel on the ball screw, the inlet end cover is equipped with the sleeve outside ball screw, it is equipped with the piston with the laminating of barrel inner wall to slide on the sleeve, the piston passes through plane bearing and is connected with the reel, inlet end cover department is equipped with air inlet mechanism, be equipped with in the brake end cover and install the ratchet, the ratchet internal rotation is equipped with the rotor, reel one side is connected with the rotor through the transfer line, the rotor is equipped with the pawl through the round pin axle, the pawl still is connected with the rotor through extension spring, the pawl suits with the ratchet.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the transmission shaft because external force rotated, can drive the rotor and rotate, the pawl of connecting the rotor also can follow and rotate the rotor and do circular motion around the ratchet, when the rotational speed reached predetermined speed, the free end of pawl can be thrown away because centrifugal force to with the meshing of ratchet tooth. The inner ring of the ratchet wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of teeth, one side of each tooth is deep, and the other side of each tooth is shallow, so that when the pawl makes circular motion around the ratchet wheel, the deep teeth can effectively brake the pawl, and the shallow teeth can effectively release braking. (the method of releasing the brake is to give the pawl a counter-force to allow the pawl to exit the braking state from the shallow teeth side); when the lifting speed of the pneumatic balance crane is too high or exceeds a preset limit speed, the braking system can brake in time, and the steel wire rope and the lifting hook which rise quickly are prevented from damaging surrounding equipment or surrounding personnel. Meanwhile, the ratchet type braking system enables the pneumatic balance crane to brake more firmly, failure caused by unstable pressure or unstable thrust can be avoided, and failure caused by vibration of the body of the pneumatic balance crane can be avoided. Thereby effectively preventing the injury of personnel and equipment caused by the rapid rise of the steel wire rope.

Preferably, the pin shaft is sleeved with a copper sleeve and a copper washer.

Preferably, a buffer ring is arranged on the brake end cover.

Preferably, the air inlet mechanism is an air inlet valve arranged on an air inlet end cover.

Preferably, the bearing sleeve is sleeved outside the plane bearing.

Preferably, the reel housing is provided with a semi-closed housing.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

when the transmission shaft rotates due to external force, the rotor can be driven to rotate, the pawl connected with the rotor can rotate to rotate around the ratchet wheel to do circular motion, and when the rotating speed reaches a preset speed, the free end of the pawl can be thrown away due to centrifugal force so as to be meshed with the ratchet wheel teeth. The inner ring of the ratchet wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of teeth, one side of each tooth is deep, and the other side of each tooth is shallow, so that when the pawl makes circular motion around the ratchet wheel, the deep teeth can effectively brake the pawl, and the shallow teeth can effectively release braking. (the method of releasing the brake is to apply a counter force to the pawl to allow the pawl to exit the braking state from the shallow tooth side); when the lifting speed of the pneumatic balance crane is too high or exceeds a preset limit speed, the braking system can brake in time, and the steel wire rope and the lifting hook which rise quickly are prevented from damaging surrounding equipment or surrounding personnel. Meanwhile, the ratchet type braking system enables the pneumatic balance crane to brake more firmly, failure caused by unstable pressure or unstable thrust can be avoided, and failure caused by vibration of the body of the pneumatic balance crane can be avoided. Thereby effectively preventing the injury of personnel and equipment caused by the rapid rise of the steel wire rope.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a brake end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an unbraked state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a braking state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a barrel; 9. a brake end cap; 10. a ratchet wheel; 11. a buffer ring; 15. a ball screw; 16. a sleeve; 19. a rotor; 21. a pawl; 22. a copper washer; 23. a copper sleeve; 24. a pin shaft; 25. a transmission rod; 26. a bolt; 27. pressing a plate; 30. an extension spring; 32. a reel; 34. a flat bearing; 35. a bearing housing; 37. a housing; 38. a wire rope; 39. a piston; 40. an air inlet end cover; 41. an intake valve; 42. a chamber.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A braking device for a pneumatic balance crane is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1-4, and comprises a cylinder 1, wherein a brake end cover 9 and an air inlet end cover 40 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cylinder 1, the brake end cover 9 and the air inlet end cover 40 are provided with a ball screw 15, a winding drum 32 is arranged on the ball screw 15 in a threaded manner, a sleeve 16 is arranged outside the ball screw 15 of the air inlet end cover 40, a piston 39 attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is arranged on the sleeve 16 in a sliding manner, the piston 39 is connected with the winding drum 32 through a plane bearing 34, an air inlet mechanism is arranged at the position of the air inlet end cover 40, a ratchet 10 is arranged in the brake end cover 9, a rotor 19 is arranged in the ratchet 10 in a rotating manner, one side of the winding drum 32 is connected with the rotor 19 through a transmission rod 25, the rotor 19 is provided with a pawl 21 through a pin shaft 24, the pawl 21 is also connected with the rotor 19 through an extension spring 30, and the pawl 21 is adapted to the ratchet 10;

as shown in fig. 1-4, when the transmission shaft rotates due to an external force, the rotor 19 is driven to rotate, the pawl 21 connected to the rotor 19 rotates the rotor 19 to make a circular motion around the ratchet 10, and when the rotating speed reaches a predetermined speed, the free end of the pawl 21 is thrown away by a centrifugal force to engage with the teeth of the ratchet 10. Wherein, a plurality of teeth are evenly distributed on the inner ring of the ratchet wheel 10, one side of each tooth is deep, and the other side of each tooth is shallow, when the pawl 21 makes circular motion around the ratchet wheel 10, the deep teeth can effectively brake the pawl 21 on one side, and the shallow teeth can effectively release braking on the other side. (the braking is released by applying a reverse force to the pawl 21 to withdraw the pawl 21 from the shallow teeth side); when the lifting speed of the pneumatic balance crane is too high or exceeds a preset limit speed, the braking system can brake in time to prevent the rapidly-lifted steel wire rope 38 and the lifting hook from damaging surrounding equipment or surrounding personnel. Meanwhile, the ratchet 10 type braking system enables the pneumatic balance crane to brake more firmly, failure caused by unstable pressure or unstable thrust is avoided, and failure caused by vibration of the body of the pneumatic balance crane is also avoided. Thereby effectively preventing the injury of personnel and equipment caused by the rapid rise of the steel wire rope 38;

it can be understood that: if the lifting speed of the pneumatic balance crane exceeds the preset limit speed, the braking system can brake in time through the rotating direction of the centrifugal force. And if the lifting speed of the pneumatic balance crane is within the normal operation range, the brake system does not work.

The braking release mode comprises the following steps: since the rapidly rising cable 38 causes the pawl 21 to rotate clockwise, the pawl 21 engages the teeth of the ratchet 10 and only then needs to rotate the pawl 21 counterclockwise to release the brake. Replacement to the pneumatic balance crane itself is to be understood as simply pulling down on the wire rope 38 or hook to release the braking.

The concrete description is as follows:

first, referring to fig. 1, the pneumatic balance hanger includes a cylinder 1, and a brake cover 9 and an intake cover 40. The cylinder 1 is divided by the piston 39 into a chamber 42 portion and a left hand drive portion. Compressed air is supplied through an inlet valve 41 to form a sealed chamber 42 and the drive mechanism is pushed by the piston 39 to effect the raising and lowering of the article. The end cover 9 of the brake is provided with a buffer ring 11 to prevent the damage of the end cover caused by overlarge thrust.

Two ends of the ball screw are respectively fixed on the two side end covers for transmitting transverse thrust. The winding drum 32 is fixed on the nut pair rotating on the ball screw 15, the wire rope 38 is wound on the winding drum 32, and the winding drum 32 moves transversely along with the ball screw and drives the winding and unwinding of the wire rope 38. The ball screw 15 and the spool 32 together convert the lateral thrust into vertical up and down lifting and lowering forces.

The piston 39 is internally wrapped with an aluminum alloy framework and integrally formed by polyurethane through injection molding. The outer diameter of the piston 39 is designed as a lip for sealing against the inner diameter of the cylinder 1 under pressure in the chamber 42. The piston 39 also has an inner diameter designed as a lip for sealing against the outer diameter of the sleeve 16 under pressure in the chamber 42.

The spool 32 is terminated with a flat bearing 34, i.e. secured between the piston 39 and the spool 32. One end of the transmission rod 25 is fixed on the pneumatic balance crane braking system, and the other end is inserted into the winding drum 32, when the pressure of the chamber 42 is increased, the piston 39 pushes the winding drum 32 to rotate through the plane bearing 34, and the winding drum 32 drives the transmission rod 25 to rotate, and finally drives the braking system to rotate.

Referring again to FIG. 2, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the actuator rod 25 will rotate the entire braking system. The entire braking system is mounted on the brake head cover 9. The ratchet wheel 10 is fixed on the brake end cover 9, the rotor 19 is provided with a pawl 21, the pawl 21 rotates around the ratchet wheel 10 in a circle, and when a preset speed is exceeded, one end of the pawl 21 is thrown away to realize braking.

A transmission rod 25 is fixed on the rotor 19, one end of the pawl 21 is fixed on the rotor 19 through a pin shaft 24, and the other end of the pawl 21 is not fixed and belongs to a free end. In order to ensure that the pawl 21 can be freely swung away, a copper sleeve 23 and a copper washer 22 are sleeved on a pin shaft 24 connected with the pawl 21. The pressure plate 27 is used to fix the pin 24 and fix the rotor 19. A latch 26 is fixed to the pawl 21, and an extension spring 30 is attached to the latch 26, with one end of the extension spring 30 being fixed to the rotor 19 and the other end being fixed to the pawl 21. The spring acts to take up and release the pawl 21, ensuring that the pawl 21 does not contact the ratchet 10 when the rotor 19 is not rotating. When the rotor 19 rotates, the pawls 21 are activated and reset by spring force.

The magnitude of the spring tension determines the opening amplitude of the pawl 21 at different rotation speeds, so that bolts 26 are uniformly arranged on the rotor 19 at different distances, and the bolts 26 can fix the spring and are used for adjusting the magnitude of the spring tension.

Referring to fig. 3 again, in this state, the winding speed of the steel wire rope 38 of the pneumatic balance crane is within a predetermined range, that is, the pneumatic balance crane is within a normal lifting speed range, and can work normally. The rotor 19 is now at an even speed or a lower speed that is insufficient to open the pawls 21.

Referring finally to fig. 4, when the load on the hook changes suddenly or when the load is light, the operator presses the start switch, and the hook rises quickly. When the pneumatic balance crane rises rapidly, the rotor 19 will rotate clockwise rapidly through the transmission mechanism, and since one end of the pawl 21 is fixed and the other end is free, the centrifugal force of the rotation will cause the free end of the pawl 21 to spread rapidly and engage with the ratchet 10, thereby braking the rotor 19. Finally, the braking of the steel wire rope 38 is realized, and the damage and the injury of equipment and personnel caused by the steel wire rope 38 which rises quickly are avoided.

The teeth of the ratchet wheel 10 are uniformly and densely distributed on the inner side of the ratchet wheel 10, so that the pawl 21 is engaged with the ratchet wheel within the minimum rotating distance to generate braking. A very short braking distance is obtained. The pawl 21 and the ratchet wheel 10 can be realized in various manners, and the technical scheme of adopting an equivalent transformation or a similar gear braking manner is within the protection scope of the invention.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are all covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a arresting gear for pneumatic balance hangs, includes barrel (1), barrel (1) both sides are equipped with brake end cover (9) and inlet end cover (40) respectively, its characterized in that: the brake end cover (9) and the air inlet end cover (40) are provided with a ball screw (15), the ball screw (15) is provided with a winding drum (32) in a threaded manner, the air inlet end cover (40) is provided with a sleeve (16) outside the ball screw (15), the sleeve (16) is provided with a piston (39) in a sliding manner, the piston (39) is attached to the inner wall of the drum body (1), the piston (39) is connected with the winding drum (32) through a plane bearing (34), the air inlet end cover (40) is provided with an air inlet mechanism, a ratchet (10) is arranged in the brake end cover (9), a rotor (19) is arranged in the ratchet (10) in a rotating manner, one side of the winding drum (32) is connected with the rotor (19) through a transmission rod (25), the rotor (19) is provided with a pawl (21) through a pin shaft (24), and the pawl (21) is further connected with the rotor (19) through a tension spring (30), the pawl (21) is adapted to the ratchet wheel (10).

2. The braking device for the pneumatic balancing crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pin shaft (24) is sleeved with a copper sleeve (23) and a copper gasket (22).

3. The braking device for the pneumatic balancing crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a buffer ring (11) is arranged on the brake end cover (9).

4. The braking device for the pneumatic balancing crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet mechanism is an air inlet valve (41) arranged on an air inlet end cover (40).

5. The braking device for the pneumatic balancing crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a bearing sleeve (35) is sleeved outside the plane bearing (34).

6. The braking device for the pneumatic balancing crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: a semi-closed cover shell (37) is sleeved outside the winding drum (32).