CN217281200U - Four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four satellite broadband GNSS antennas and communication equipment, antenna are including at least two sets of radiation structure, the ground structure that sets up in order, and radiation structure includes flexible PCB base plate and irradiator, and PCB base plate and irradiator alternate arrangement in the at least two sets of radiation structure that set up in order, and ground structure sets up in one side of PCB base plate. The utility model optimizes the structure of the plane antenna, has extremely small size and is easy to integrate; the antenna has a gain up to 5.0 dBi; the antenna has the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the full frequency band.

Description

Four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna and communication equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a planar antenna technique especially relates to a four satellite broadband GNSS antennas and communication equipment.

Background

With the continuous development of technologies such as vehicle-mounted applications and intelligent driving, positioning technologies represented by GPS have been widely popularized. The positioning antenna provides the most important real-time vehicle and personnel position information in an electronic and communication system, and provides important data support for vehicle driving and intelligent equipment. The conventional positioning antenna is concluded by a GPS protocol, and under the condition that a GPS satellite has signal congestion and a thick cloud layer, if there is no access to systems such as standby GLONASS, beidou, Gaileo and the like, the whole positioning system loses functions. Therefore, the method has important value in opening the GNSS positioning antenna which is compatible with the GPS, GLONASS, Beidou and Gaileo four-satellite systems. In addition, the conventional GPS antenna is made of a ceramic dielectric and has an irregular shape, so that it is difficult to integrate a system.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a four satellite broadband GNSS antenna and communication equipment optimizes the plane antenna structure, covers all 5G at present, 4G and WiFi 6.0 frequency channels, has the work bandwidth of broadband, covers 600 + 6000Mhz frequency channel, is applicable to all kinds of 5G and WiFi communication systems; the antenna has a planar structure and is flexible, and is easy to be conformal with an electronic system in specific application; the antenna has extremely small size and is easy to integrate; the antenna has a gain up to 5.0 dBi; the antenna has the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the full frequency band.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a four satellite broadband GNSS antenna, including at least two sets of radiation structure, the ground structure that sets up in order, radiation structure includes flexible PCB base plate and irradiator, and PCB base plate and irradiator alternate arrangement in the at least two sets of radiation structure that set up in order, ground structure sets up in one side of PCB base plate.

In one or more embodiments, at least two groups of radiating structures include at least a first radiating structure, and the radiator in the first radiating structure is rectangular.

In one or more embodiments, the first radiating structure has cutouts formed in at least one pair of diagonal positions of the radiator.

In one or more embodiments, the edges formed by the cutouts formed in a pair of diagonal positions are parallel.

In one or more embodiments, the pair of diagonal positions is divided into isosceles right triangles by the removed part formed by the cutout part.

In one or more embodiments, at least two sets of radiating structures are arranged in a repeatable manner from the first radiating structure.

In one or more embodiments, a coaxial cable feed probe is also provided on the side away from the ground structure.

In one or more embodiments, a coaxial cable is also connected to the coaxial cable feed probe.

In one or more embodiments, the flexible PCB substrate has an area greater than that of the radiator.

In one or more embodiments, the communication device includes a four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna as previously described.

Compared with the prior art, according to the utility model discloses a four satellite broadband GNSS antennas and communication equipment adopts novel structural design can be used to the miniaturized planar antenna communication requirement of GPS, GLONASS, big dipper, Gaileo L1 frequency channel, has realized the circular polarization bandwidth total coverage to 1.561GHz to 1.605GHz frequency channel. And the antenna maintains the semi-omni-directional and high gain characteristics of radiation throughout this operating band. The antenna is made of a double-layer planar PCB material, so that the antenna is extremely conformal with equipment and extremely easy to integrate in various systems, and various positioning signals are provided for the systems. The method is suitable for being integrated with systems and appearances in various positioning communication and electronic systems, and is widely applied.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a return loss of a planar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a return loss of a voltage standing wave ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a return loss of the planar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6a is a directional diagram of the E-plane at a center frequency of 1.575GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6b is a directional diagram of the H-plane at a center frequency of 1.575GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following detailed description.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, according to the present invention, the four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna includes at least two sets of radiation structures 20 and a ground structure 10 that are sequentially disposed, the radiation structure 20 includes a plurality of flexible PCB substrates 21 and a plurality of radiators 22 that are alternately disposed, the PCB substrates and the radiators 22 are alternately disposed in at least two sets of radiation structures 20 that are sequentially disposed, and the ground structure 10 is disposed on one side of the PCB substrate. That is, one basic structure of the antenna may be: the antenna comprises 5 layers of structures such as a grounding structure 10, a first flexible PCB substrate, a first radiator, a second flexible PCB substrate and a second radiator. As a preferred scheme, the first flexible PCB substrate and the second flexible PCB substrate are identical; the first radiator and the second radiator are identical, that is, the 5-layer structure includes two repeatable radiation structure 20 units.

As shown in fig. 1, in the above structure, the fitting form between the flexible PCB substrate 21 and the radiator 22 includes the flexible PCB substrate 21 and the radiator 22, which are both square, and are stacked, wherein the area of the radiator 22 is smaller than that of the flexible PCB substrate 21. At this time, in order to optimize polarization characteristics, the first and second radiators are formed with cutouts 221 at opposite diagonal positions. As shown in the drawing, as a preferable mode, a cutout 221 (where the cutout portion is an isosceles right triangle) is formed at a pair of diagonal positions of an upper right corner and a lower left corner of a viewing angle of an observer to constitute a right-hand circular polarization characteristic.

In the above structure, the main structure of the antenna, i.e. the radiating structure 20, is further formed with a coaxial cable feed probe 30. Is connected to the coaxial cable by a coaxial cable feed probe 30 to effect antenna energy feed.

As shown in fig. 1-6b, as a specific embodiment, the radiation structure 20 is formed by a PCB substrate made of FPC material and a planar copper sheet structure, which are respectively used as a flexible PCB substrate 21 and a radiator 22. The shape and configuration of the antenna and the matching and connection relationship between the parts can be shown in the front structure shown in fig. 1 and the side structure shown in fig. 2.

At this time, the antenna is formed by two layers of FPC PCB substrates and two layers of planar copper sheet structures which are alternately arranged, namely two repeated radiation structures 20 are superposed. The PCB substrate used herein is preferably of FPC flexible material having a certain dielectric constant (2.0-8.0) and thickness (0.1-4.0 mm), and is defined to be planar. The function of the flexible printed circuit board is that the front surface of the second flexible printed circuit board substrate is provided with a second radiator of the antenna, namely a metal radiation layer used for radiating energy, and the back surface of the second flexible printed circuit board substrate is not provided with a grounding structure 10. The front surface of the first flexible PCB substrate is also an antenna radiation layer, and the back surface is a grounding structure 10, which is a metal grounding structure 10 used for antenna grounding and electromagnetic wave reflection. The dielectric substrate of FPC used in this embodiment has a thickness dielectric constant of 4.4.

As shown in fig. 1, the second radiator of the present invention is preferably laid on the FPC dielectric substrate having the dimensions of 78mm long and 78mm wide. The radiating layer is a square planar radiating structure 20 with a side length of 43.35 mm. In order to configure the radiation structure 20 with right-hand circular polarization, the right-upper and left-lower positions of the square are each chamfered in the shape of an equilateral right triangle. The length of the right-angle side of the triangle cutting angle is 9 mm.

The left side view of the antenna system is shown in fig. 2, the thickness of the dielectric plate of the upper radiation layer of the antenna is 3 mm, and the thickness of the bottom radiation dielectric plate is 1 mm. At this point it can be provided that the coaxial cable feed probe 30 (centre in figure 1) of the antenna is 22.5mm from the edge of the antenna tip (upper edge in the view of the viewer in figure 1).

The first radiator of the antenna, which is similar to the second radiator in shape, may also be formed by the second radiator with a side of 43.1 mm. An equilateral right-angled triangle corner cut is carried out on the upper right vertex and the lower left vertex of the square, and the size of the right-angled side of the triangle is 7 mm. The ground structure 10 of the antenna is dimensioned to cover the entire underlying dielectric slab. However, in order to widen the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, equilateral right-angled triangle corner cuts are made at the four vertices of the square. The length of the right-angle side of the triangle is 2.6 mm.

The energy of the antenna is transmitted by the coaxial cable through the grounding structure 10 at the bottom of the antenna and through the first radiator, and the core of the coaxial cable is used as a probe to feed the energy into the surface of the second radiator radiated at the top. The shielding mesh of the coaxial cable is connected to the ground structure 10 of the antenna. Therefore, the energy of the coaxial cable is smoothly fed between the antenna radiation structure 20 and the ground structure 10 and then radiated out. In this case, the feed structure of the antenna does not need to be additionally provided with a connector, has the characteristic of low cost and is easy to be directly compatible with other circuit structures in a system.

The utility model discloses a small-size 5G antenna has carried out 600MHz-6000 MHz's microwave full wave emulation after the design is accomplished. Fig. 3 shows the return loss curve of the antenna. Can clearly and definitely derive from the picture the utility model discloses the example that demonstrates is 600MHz to 6000MHz frequency channel, and the frequency channel of the S11 performance more than 90% of antenna all is below-5 dB, satisfies the built-in index demand of the required miniaturization of antenna normal work completely. In the embodiment, S11 curves of 1.55GHz-1.63GHz are all below-10 dB, and the bandwidth requirements of 1.561GHz-1.602GHz of the L1 frequency band of GPS, GLONASS, Beidou and Galileo positioning satellites are completely covered. Therefore, the requirements of four positioning satellites on the circular polarization return loss bandwidth of the antenna are completely met.

The voltage standing wave ratio performance curve of the embodiment of the utility model is shown in figure 4. It can be seen from the figure that in the range of 1.55GHz to 1.63GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna is below 1.9, and the requirement of the antenna for the usual voltage standing wave ratio of 2.0 is completely met. And also completely covers the spectrum coverage requirement of the L1 frequency band of the 4 positioning satellites.

The performance curve of the circular polarization axial ratio fluctuating along with the frequency of the utility model is shown in figure 5. It can be seen that the 3dB axial ratio frequency range of this embodiment is 1.561GHz to 1.605 GHz. The 3dB axial ratio bandwidth range completely meets the requirements of L1 frequency bands of GPS, GLONASS, Beidou and Galileo positioning satellites. Therefore, the requirements of four positioning satellites on the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are completely met.

In order to show the radiation directivity of the embodiment of the present invention, the directional diagrams of the E plane and the H plane of the embodiment of the present invention at the center frequency of 1.575GHz are shown in fig. 6a and fig. 6b, respectively. It can be seen from this that, this embodiment has an obvious 180-degree directional coverage, is a standard semi-omnidirectional antenna, and maintains the gain at the central frequency point of 1.575GHz at about 3 dBi.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a four satellite broadband GNSS antennas, its characterized in that, is including at least two sets of radiation structure, the ground structure that sets up in order, radiation structure includes flexible PCB base plate and irradiator, and at least two sets of that set up in order PCB base plate and irradiator alternate arrangement in the radiation structure, ground structure set up in one side of PCB base plate.

2. The quad-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein at least two of the sets of radiating structures include at least a first radiating structure in which a radiator is rectangular.

3. The quad-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 2 wherein at least one pair of diagonal positions of the radiator in the first radiating structure is formed with cutouts.

4. A four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna according to claim 3 wherein the edges formed by the cutouts formed for a pair of diagonal positions are parallel.

5. The four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 4 wherein a pair of diagonal positions are isosceles right triangles from the removed portion formed by the cutout.

6. The quad-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 2 wherein at least two sets of said radiating structures are arranged in a repeatable array for said first radiating structure.

7. The quad-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of any of claims 1 to 6 wherein a coaxial cable feed probe is further provided away from the side of the ground structure.

8. The four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 7 wherein a coaxial cable is further connected to the coaxial cable feed probe.

9. The quad-satellite broadband GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the flexible PCB substrate has an area larger than the area of the radiator.

10. Communication device comprising a four-satellite broadband GNSS antenna according to any of claims 1 to 9.

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