CN217259658U - Electric vehicle charging station system sharing direct current bus - Google Patents
Electric vehicle charging station system sharing direct current bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN217259658U CN217259658U CN202123053570.1U CN202123053570U CN217259658U CN 217259658 U CN217259658 U CN 217259658U CN 202123053570 U CN202123053570 U CN 202123053570U CN 217259658 U CN217259658 U CN 217259658U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a be total to electric automobile charging station system of direct current generating line belongs to the electric automobile battery charging outfit field. The system comprises a direct current bus, an alternating current module, a plurality of charging modules and a plurality of switching modules. The direct current bus comprises at least two groups of direct current buses: a first voltage DC bus and a second voltage DC bus; the alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating unit, wherein the alternating unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, and a direct current side can generate a first voltage and a second voltage which are respectively connected with a first voltage direct current bus and a second voltage direct current bus. The charging module is correspondingly connected with the switching module, different direct current buses are selectively connected with the charging module according to the charging requirements of different electric vehicles, the charging power of the corresponding electric vehicle is doubled through different switching positions of the switching switch, and the charging speed is accelerated. The system is low in cost, high in reliability, convenient to access photovoltaic and energy storage equipment, flexible in charging and high in fault tolerance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric automobile battery charging outfit field, especially a electric automobile charging station system who is total to direct current bus.
Background
Along with the rapid development of electric vehicles, the charging voltage, current and charging speed of electric vehicles are continuously increased, and public charging stations are required to meet the charging speed requirements of different electric vehicles and also required to be connected with photovoltaic and energy storage as far as possible to provide low-carbon new energy electric energy.
The input end of a charging station in the prior art is directly connected with a 10kV alternating current power supply, a corresponding direct current bus is generated through the output end of a power electronic transformer at the front stage, and then the charging station is connected into a DC/DC charging pile to charge an electric vehicle. The system has the characteristics of convenience for new energy access, easiness in maintenance, bidirectional energy flow and the like. However, the power electronic transformer adopted by this type of charging station system needs a large number of power electronic converter modules to perform multi-stage power conversion, and the insulation withstand voltage design of the power electronic converter modules needs to be considered according to the 10kV voltage class, which results in high cost, large size, low energy conversion efficiency, and difficult reliability guarantee of the charging station. In addition, each DC/DC charging pile in the scheme corresponds to one electric automobile, the charging capacity of the electric automobile is fixed, and the electric automobile cannot be flexibly configured according to the charging requirement of the automobile.
The charging station also adopts the technical form that input ports of a plurality of charger modules are connected in series to form an MMC converter, each MMC bridge arm is formed by connecting a plurality of charger modules in series, an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm of the same phase are provided with two inductors in series connection to inhibit the circulating current, the AC input end of the MMC converter is directly connected with a 10kV AC bus of a power grid, and the DC output end of the MMC is a high-voltage DC bus which can be connected with a high-voltage DC load. The charger module of the scheme is directly connected with a 10kV alternating current power grid, the requirement on the insulation withstand voltage level is high, and a plurality of charger modules of each bridge arm need to be connected in series, so that a certain charger module fails, and the charger modules of the same phase of bridge arm and even the charger module groups of the same phase of bridge arm are affected. Meanwhile, the direct current output end of the charging station is high voltage of 10kV level, so that the access of new energy resources such as energy storage and photovoltaic is not facilitated. Therefore, the charging station has high cost, large size and difficult reliability, and is inconvenient for accessing new energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the high insulating voltage level that leads to with high costs, bulky among the prior art transformer to and the multi-converter module series connection reliability is low, and be not convenient for insert photovoltaic, energy storage, satisfy multiple charging demand scheduling technical problem of electric automobile, this patent proposes a electric automobile charging station system who shares direct current bus.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes does: the utility model provides an electric automobile charging station system who shares direct current bus which characterized in that: the direct current bus comprises at least two groups of direct current buses: a first voltage DC bus and a second voltage DC bus; the alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating unit; one side of the connecting unit is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating unit; the alternating unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, the alternating current side of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters is connected with the connecting unit, the direct current side voltage of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters forms the first voltage, the direct current sides of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are cascaded to form the second voltage, and the direct current sides of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters are connected with the first voltage direct current bus and the second voltage direct current bus; the charging module comprises two DC/DC charging converters, and the input ends of the DC/DC charging converters are selectively connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus according to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles; the switching module comprises two switching switches, the input of the two switching switches is correspondingly connected with the output of the two DC/DC charging converters of the charging module, and the output of the two switching switches is connected with the charging interface of the electric automobile.
Furthermore, the change-over switch is a double-pole double-throw mechanical switch or a switch composed of power electronic devices, two outputs of the change-over switch are respectively connected with two corresponding charging interfaces, the outputs of the DC/DC charging converters are connected to different charging interfaces through different switching positions of the change-over switch, and therefore the two DC/DC charging converters in the charging module are connected in parallel to charge the electric automobile with the same charging interface through the change-over switch, or the two charging interfaces are independently charged through the change-over switch.
Further, the connection unit comprises a switch circuit breaker and a power frequency isolation transformer; one side of the switch breaker is connected with the alternating current power supply, and the other side of the switch breaker is connected with the high-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer; and the low-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converter.
Furthermore, the power frequency isolation transformer is a three-phase three-column type, a high-voltage side winding adopts a delta connection method or a star connection method, and is connected to the alternating current power supply through the switch circuit breaker; the low-voltage side comprises two groups of independent three-phase windings, the voltage and the phase of the two groups of three-phase windings are the same, and the three windings of the three-phase windings are mutually independent and not connected and are respectively connected to the alternating current side of the three-phase H-bridge converter.
Further, the alternating current power supply is a three-phase 10KV or 35KV alternating current power supply.
Further, the first voltage is 750V, and the second voltage is 1500V.
Furthermore, the three-phase H-bridge converter adopts a single-stage frequency multiplication PWM modulation mode, the carrier frequencies of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are the same, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and the alternating current output filter adopts an LCL type or L type filter circuit for filtering.
Furthermore, the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises a direct current module, and the output side of the direct current module is connected to the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus.
Furthermore, the direct current module comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and a photovoltaic converter, the photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, the input side of the photovoltaic converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell panel, the output side of the photovoltaic converter is connected with the direct current bus, and energy flows from the photovoltaic cell panel to the direct current bus in a one-way mode.
Furthermore, the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises an energy storage module, the energy storage module comprises an energy storage battery and an energy storage converter, the energy storage converter is an isolated DC/DC converter, one side of the energy storage converter is connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus, the other side of the energy storage converter is connected with the energy storage battery, and the energy flowing direction is bidirectional.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect can be obtained:
the system has low cost and high reliability: the utility model discloses a power frequency transformer carries out high-low pressure and keeps apart, has technical maturity, the reliability is high, characteristics with low costs. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses an alternating current-direct current converter adopts the cascaded main circuit topology of two sets of three-phase H bridge converters, and H bridge main circuit is two level circuit, and every bridge arm only has two power electronic switch device to establish ties, and topological structure is simple, and control is simple and convenient, and the converter reliability is high.
Grid-connected harmonic pollution is small: the alternating current-direct current converter adopts a three-phase H-bridge converter and a unipolar PWM modulation method, the output equivalent switching frequency of the alternating current side of the alternating current converter is twice of the actual switching frequency of the device, and meanwhile, an LCL filter is adopted as an alternating current output filter, so that the harmonic pollution to an alternating current power grid can be effectively reduced.
The charging requirements of electric vehicles with different powers are met: three direct current buses including a positive bus, a negative bus and a zero bus can be output from the cascade direct current side of two three-phase H-bridge converters in the system, the rated voltage between the positive bus and the zero bus is 750V, the rated voltage between the zero bus and the negative bus is 750V, and the rated voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus is 1500V. According to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles, the charging converter can be connected to buses with different voltages. The 750V direct current voltage bus can be accessed under the condition that the charging voltage and the power are lower, and the 1500V direct current voltage bus can be accessed under the condition that the charging voltage and the power are higher.
Conveniently insert photovoltaic, energy storage equipment, improve energy conversion efficiency: the three-phase H-bridge converter in the system can output 750V and 1500V low direct current bus voltage, the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter can be conveniently connected, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
The charging flexibility and fault tolerance of the electric automobile are improved: the output of each charging converter is connected with a double-pole double-throw change-over switch, each change-over switch has two outputs, and each output corresponds to a charging interface of the electric automobile. Two adjacent charging converters form a charging module, and the two charging converters of the same charging module can be connected with two independent charging interfaces through a selector switch or can be connected with the same charging interface in parallel through the selector switch. When the two charging converters charge the electric automobile through the same charging interface, the charging power of the corresponding electric automobile can be doubled, and the charging speed is accelerated. When one charging converter in the charging module stops working, the other charging converter can be connected to the corresponding charging interface through the selector switch to charge the corresponding electric automobile, so that the online rate of the charging interface is improved. Therefore, due to the addition of the change-over switch and the module, the charging flexibility and fault tolerance of the electric automobile are greatly improved, and the influence of the fault of a part of the charging converter of the system on the charging of the electric automobile is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charging station system of an electric vehicle charging station system sharing a dc bus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-phase H-bridge converter structure diagram of the electric vehicle charging station system sharing a dc bus.
Fig. 3 is a topology diagram of a charging module DC/DC converter of an electric vehicle charging station system sharing a DC bus.
Wherein: 1. alternating current power supply, 2, switch circuit breaker, 3, power frequency isolation transformer, 4, alternating unit, 5, direct current bus, 6, charging module, 7, switching module, 8, photovoltaic converter, 9, energy storage converter.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, other ways of implementing the invention may be devised different from those described herein, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides an electric vehicle charging station system who shares direct current bus, include: the power frequency isolation transformer comprises an alternating current power supply, a switch circuit breaker, a power frequency isolation transformer, an alternating unit which is connected with the low-voltage side of the transformer and consists of two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, a direct current +/-750V bus, a photovoltaic converter and an energy storage converter, wherein the input ends of the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter are connected with the direct current bus, the output ends of the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter are respectively connected with a photovoltaic cell panel and the energy storage unit, a plurality of charging modules which are connected with the direct current bus, a switching module which is connected with the output end of the charging modules and consists of a plurality of switching switches, and an electric automobile. The DC/DC charging converter topology in the charging module is an isolated DAB topology structure, and bidirectional flow of energy can be realized. The photovoltaic, the energy storage equipment and the direct current charging pile are connected through the three-phase H-bridge converter, flexible charging of the electric automobile is achieved, and the fault tolerance and the reliability are high.
The specific implementation mode is that the alternating voltage side is a power grid power supply incoming line and is connected to the high-voltage side of the isolation power frequency transformer through a switch breaker, the transformer is a three-phase three-column type, the high-voltage side adopts a triangular connection method or a star connection method, and the low-voltage side adopts two groups of three-phase independent windings; two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are cascaded, the alternating current input ends of the three-phase H-bridge converters are respectively connected with the low-voltage side winding of the transformer, and direct current buses are led out from the output ends of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters to form +/-750V direct current buses. Each charging module comprises two groups of DC/DC charging converters. Each charging module corresponds to a switching module, and the charging converter charges the electric automobile through the corresponding switch. As shown in fig. 1, the input terminals of the charging converters a1 and a2 are respectively connected with DC +, DC0, DC0 and DC-to be connected with a 750V direct current bus, the output terminals of the charging converters a1 and a2 are respectively connected with the switch a1 and a2, and the electric vehicles a1 and a2 are charged by closing and turning off the switch.
The change over switch is double-pole double-throw switch or power electronic switch, and when two double-pole double-throw switches of change over switch A1 and A2 all communicate with the contact above, charging converter A1 and charging converter A2 charge electric automobile A1 simultaneously, so can improve electric automobile's the speed of charging greatly, satisfy the demand of user to the speed of charging. When the switch a1 is turned on with the upper contact, the switch a2 is turned on with the lower contact, and the charging converter a1 and the charging converter a2 respectively charge the electric vehicle a1 and the electric vehicle a2, so that the requirement of charging a plurality of users at the same time can be met. When one charging converter of the charging module fails, the other charging converter can replace the failed converter to charge the corresponding electric automobile. If the charging converter A1 is damaged, the charging converter A2 can charge the electric vehicle A1 by connecting the change-over switch A2 with the upper contact, so that the normal and reliable charging of the electric vehicle A1 is guaranteed. In addition, when the charging voltage and power required by the electric automobile are relatively large, the input ends of the charging converters B1 and B2 are connected with DC + and DC-to access 1500V direct-current voltage, and then the high-power electric automobiles B1 and B2 can be charged through the switch B1 and the switch B2.
The alternating current power supply is stepped down by a transformer and inverted into direct current by two groups of cascaded H-bridge inverters, the inverter circuit adopts a three-phase H-bridge, and the structure of the three-phase H-bridge is shown in figure 2. L1, L3, and L5 are leakage inductances of transformers, and as a grid side inductance of an inverter LCL filter, L2, L4, and L6 are inverter side filter inductances, C1, C3, and C4 are ac filter capacitances, C2 is a dc filter capacitance, and Q1 to Q12 are all power electronic switching devices, and may be IGBT/diode modules, MOSFETs, or switching devices based on silicon carbide or gallium nitride. D1-D12 are anti-parallel diodes of Q1-Q12, respectively.
In the utility model, the DC/DC converter adopts an isolated DAB topological structure, and the DAB topological structure is shown in figure 3. The circuit topology is composed of a high-frequency transformer T, an inductor Lr, an input capacitor Cin, an output capacitor Cout, a full bridge H1 and a full bridge H2. The transformer transformation ratio is N:1, and the specific value of N can be adjusted according to the load requirement. S1-S8 in the full bridge H1 and the full bridge H2 are all power electronic switching devices, which can be IGBT/diode modules and MOSFETs based on silicon materials, and can also be switching devices based on silicon carbide or gallium nitride; D1-D8 are anti-parallel diodes of S1-S8, respectively.
The photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, one side of the photovoltaic converter is connected with a direct current 750V or 1500V bus, the other side of the photovoltaic converter is connected with a photovoltaic cell panel, the energy flow direction is unidirectional, the photovoltaic converter flows from the photovoltaic cell to the direct current bus, and the photovoltaic panel can be controlled to operate at the maximum power tracking point. The energy storage converter is an isolated DC/DC converter, one side of the energy storage converter is connected with a direct current 750V or direct current 1500V bus, the other side of the energy storage converter is an energy storage unit (which can be a lithium battery or other battery energy storage units), the energy flowing direction is bidirectional, the energy storage converter can flow from the 750V or 1500V bus to the energy storage unit, and the energy storage converter can also flow from the energy storage unit to the 750V or 1500V bus. The energy among distributed energy and the energy storage device is in the utility model provides a can realize consuming on the spot of the energy in the charging station. The distributed energy (photovoltaic) and the energy in the energy storage device respectively provide electric energy for the electric automobile through the photovoltaic converter, the energy storage converter, the direct current bus converter and other converters, and local consumption of the energy is realized.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile charging station system who shares direct current bus which characterized in that: the charging system comprises a direct current bus, an alternating current module, a plurality of charging modules and a plurality of switching modules;
the direct current bus comprises at least two groups of direct current buses: a first voltage DC bus and a second voltage DC bus;
the alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating unit; one side of the connecting unit is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating unit; the alternating unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, the alternating current side of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters is connected with the connecting unit, the direct current side voltage of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters forms the first voltage, the direct current sides of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are cascaded to form the second voltage, and the direct current sides of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters are connected with the first voltage direct current bus and the second voltage direct current bus;
the charging module comprises two DC/DC charging converters, and the input ends of the DC/DC charging converters are selectively connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus according to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles;
the switching module comprises two switching switches, the input of the two switching switches is correspondingly connected with the output of the two DC/DC charging converters of the charging module, and the output of the two switching switches is connected with the charging interface of the electric automobile.
2. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the change-over switch is a double-pole double-throw mechanical switch or a switch composed of power electronic devices, two outputs of the change-over switch are respectively connected with two corresponding charging interfaces, the outputs of the DC/DC charging converters are connected to different charging interfaces through different switching positions of the change-over switch, and therefore the two DC/DC charging converters in the charging module can charge the electric automobile with the same charging interface in parallel through the change-over switch, or independently charge the electric automobile with two charging interfaces through the change-over switch.
3. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the connecting unit comprises a switch circuit breaker and a power frequency isolation transformer; one side of the switch breaker is connected with the alternating current power supply, and the other side of the switch breaker is connected with the high-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer; and the low-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converter.
4. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 3, wherein: the power frequency isolation transformer is a three-phase three-column type, a high-voltage side winding adopts a delta connection method or a star connection method, and is connected to the alternating current power supply through the switch circuit breaker; the low-voltage side comprises two groups of independent three-phase windings, the voltage and the phase of the two groups of three-phase windings are the same, and the three windings of the three-phase windings are mutually independent and not connected and are respectively connected to the alternating current side of the three-phase H-bridge converter.
5. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the alternating current power supply is a three-phase 10KV or 35KV alternating current power supply.
6. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the first voltage is 750V, and the second voltage is 1500V.
7. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the three-phase H-bridge converter adopts a single-stage frequency multiplication PWM modulation mode, the carrier frequencies of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are the same in PWM modulation, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and an alternating current output filter adopts an LCL type or L type filter circuit for filtering.
8. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises a direct current module, and the output side of the direct current module is connected to the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus.
9. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 8, wherein: the direct current module comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and a photovoltaic converter, the photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, the input side of the DC/DC converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell panel, the output side of the DC/DC converter is connected with the direct current bus, and energy flows from the photovoltaic cell panel to the direct current bus in a one-way mode.
10. The common dc bus electric vehicle charging station system of claim 1, wherein: the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises an energy storage module, the energy storage module comprises an energy storage battery and an energy storage converter, the energy storage converter is an isolation type DC/DC converter, one side of the energy storage converter is connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus, the other side of the energy storage converter is connected with the energy storage battery, and the energy flowing direction is bidirectional.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123053570.1U CN217259658U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Electric vehicle charging station system sharing direct current bus |
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| CN202123053570.1U CN217259658U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Electric vehicle charging station system sharing direct current bus |
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