CN217239348U - Relay drive circuit and electronic device - Google Patents

Relay drive circuit and electronic device Download PDF

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CN217239348U
CN217239348U CN202220235565.8U CN202220235565U CN217239348U CN 217239348 U CN217239348 U CN 217239348U CN 202220235565 U CN202220235565 U CN 202220235565U CN 217239348 U CN217239348 U CN 217239348U
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coil
module
energy storage
relay
resistor
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童文平
赵密
陈熙
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Ecoflow Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The present application relates to a relay drive circuit and an electronic apparatus. Relay drive circuit for the drive relay, the drive power supply is connected to the first end of the coil of relay, and relay drive circuit includes: a control circuit, disposed between the second end of the coil and the ground, configured to turn on or off the connection between the second end of the coil and the ground according to a control signal, for controlling the driving power supply to apply a voltage to the coil according to the control signal; and the energy storage circuit is arranged between the first end of the coil and the ground end, is connected with the driving power supply and the control circuit, is configured to be charged by the driving power supply to preload the voltage of the coil when the control circuit is disconnected, and discharges the coil when the control circuit is connected so as to improve the voltage on the coil when the contact of the relay is switched. According to the embodiment of the application, the contact switching of the relay can be realized through lower voltage, and the electric energy loss on the coil of the relay is reduced.

Description

Relay drive circuit and electronic device
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits, and particularly relates to a relay driving circuit and electronic equipment.
Background
A relay is an electric control device and is widely used in an automatic control circuit. Two major problems need to be considered in the driving of the relay, namely the switching speed of the relay and the driving voltage of the relay.
At present, no matter the traditional relay driving circuit is switched from a normally closed side to a normally open side or from the normally open side to the normally closed side, the switching speed is slow, and certain circuit design requirements cannot be met. The required holding voltage when the relay maintains the state is often less than the action voltage required when the relay switches over the contact, but in order to be able to drive the relay, the existing relay driving circuit often uses a larger voltage to drive the relay during the design, so that the driving voltage can fully drive the relay switching over the contact, which will cause the voltage when the subsequent relay maintains the state to be greater than the theoretically required holding voltage, and there is unnecessary loss.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the application is to provide a relay drive circuit and electronic equipment, aim at solving traditional relay drive circuit and have unnecessary power loss's problem.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a relay driving circuit, configured to drive a relay, where a first end of a coil of the relay is connected to a driving power supply, and the relay driving circuit includes: a control circuit, disposed between the second end of the coil and a ground terminal, configured to turn on or off a connection between the second end of the coil and the ground terminal according to a control signal, for controlling the driving power supply to apply a voltage to the coil according to the control signal; and the energy storage circuit is arranged between the first end of the coil and the ground end, is connected with the driving power supply and the control circuit, is configured to be charged through the driving power supply to preload the voltage of the coil when the control circuit is disconnected, and discharges the coil when the control circuit is connected so as to improve the voltage of the coil when the contact of the relay is switched.
In one embodiment, the control circuit includes a switch module and a voltage dividing module, a first end of the voltage dividing module is connected to a second end of the coil, a second end of the voltage dividing module is connected to a first conducting end of the switch module, a second conducting end of the switch module is connected to the ground, a controlled end of the switch module is connected to a signal input end of the control circuit, and the switch module is configured to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
In one embodiment, the energy storage circuit includes an energy storage module and an energy storage control module connected to the energy storage module, a first end of the energy storage module is connected to a first end of the coil, a second end of the energy storage module is connected to the ground, and the energy storage control module is configured to control the driving power supply to charge and discharge the energy storage module according to disconnection or connection of the control circuit.
In one embodiment, the energy storage module comprises an energy storage capacitor, a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor; the first end of the first divider resistor is connected with the first end of the coil, the second end of the first divider resistor is connected with the first end of the second divider resistor, the second end of the second divider resistor is connected with the ground end, the first end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the first end of the coil, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the second end of the first divider resistor.
In one embodiment, the energy storage control module includes a switch tube, a current limiting resistor and a protection resistor, a first conduction end of the switch tube is connected to the driving power supply, a second conduction end of the switch tube is connected to a second end of the energy storage capacitor, a controlled end of the switch tube is connected to a first end of the current limiting resistor, a second end of the current limiting resistor is connected to a first conduction end of the switch module, the protection resistor is connected between the controlled end of the switch tube and the first conduction end of the switch tube, and the switch tube is configured to be turned on when the switch module is turned on and turned off when the switch module is turned off.
In one embodiment, the energy storage control module further includes a first unidirectional flux device and a second unidirectional flux device, the first unidirectional flux device is connected in series between the driving power supply and the first end of the energy storage capacitor, the positive pole of the first unidirectional flux device is connected to the driving power supply, the negative pole of the first unidirectional flux device is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor, the second unidirectional flux device is connected in series between the first flux end of the switching tube and the driving power supply, the positive pole of the second unidirectional flux device is connected to the driving power supply, and the negative pole of the second unidirectional flux device is connected to the first flux end of the switching tube.
In one embodiment, the control circuit further includes a bleeding module, and the bleeding module is configured to bleed off the electric energy on the coil when the control circuit is disconnected.
In an embodiment, the bleeder module includes a third unidirectional conductor and a bleeder resistor, a first end of the bleeder resistor is connected to the second end of the coil, a second end of the bleeder resistor is connected to an anode of the third unidirectional conductor, and a cathode of the third unidirectional conductor is connected to the first end of the coil.
In one embodiment, the voltage divider module includes a third voltage dividing resistor and a bypass capacitor, the third voltage dividing resistor is connected in series between the second end of the coil and the first conducting end of the switch module, and the bypass capacitor is connected in parallel with the third voltage dividing resistor.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device including a relay and the relay drive circuit as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the advantages that: the energy storage circuit is used for charging when the control circuit is disconnected and discharging when the control circuit is switched on, so that the voltage on the coil is boosted to the action voltage by matching with the driving power supply, the relay completes contact switching, after the electric energy of the energy storage circuit is released, the driving power supply continues to provide the voltage for maintaining the state of the relay, the contact switching of the relay is completed by using lower voltage, and the electric energy loss on the coil is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a relay driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a relay driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present application.
The above figures illustrate: 100. a relay; 200. a control circuit; 210. a switch module; 220. a voltage division module; 230. a bleeding module; 300. an energy storage circuit; 310. an energy storage module; 320. and the energy storage control module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a relay driving circuit provided in a first embodiment of the present application, and for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present embodiment are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a relay driving circuit for driving a relay 100, a first end of a coil L1 of the relay 100 is connected to a driving power source VDD, and the driving power source VDD may supply a driving voltage Vdc for maintaining the relay 100 in a state. The resistance rlly in fig. 2 is the equivalent resistance of the coil L1.
It should be noted that when the contacts of the relay 100 need to be switched, for example, when the relay 100 needs to be switched from the normally closed side to the normally open side, the coil L1 needs to have enough voltage to complete the contact switching, that is, the coil L1 needs to have the operating voltage, the contact switching can be completed, and after the contact switching is completed, the relay 100 needs to have the voltage of the coil L1 reach the maintaining voltage smaller than the operating voltage to maintain the state after the contact switching, in this embodiment, the driving voltage Vdc is smaller than the operating voltage and larger than the maintaining voltage.
The relay driving circuit comprises a control circuit 200 and an energy storage circuit 300, wherein the control circuit 200 is arranged between the second end of the coil L1 and the ground end and is configured to switch on or off the connection between the second end of the coil L1 and the ground end according to a control signal so as to control the driving power supply VDD to apply voltage to the coil L1 according to the control signal; the energy storage circuit 300 is disposed between the first end of the coil L1 and the ground, is connected to the driving power supply VDD and the control circuit 200, and is configured to be charged by the driving power supply VDD to preload the voltage of the coil L1 when the control circuit 200 is turned off, and to discharge the coil L1 when the control circuit 200 is turned on, so that the driving voltage Vdc output by the driving power supply VDD may be simultaneously applied to the coil L1 in combination with the voltage released by the energy storage circuit 300, so as to increase the voltage on the coil L1 when the contacts of the relay 100 are switched, so that the voltage on the coil L1 reaches the actuation voltage, and the contacts are switched. After the electric energy of the energy storage circuit 300 is released, the relay 100 is not output any more, and at this time, the state of the relay 100 is maintained only by the driving power supply VDD, compared with the state of the relay 100 which is maintained by the voltage which is larger than the operating voltage in the conventional technology, the driving voltage Vdc of the present embodiment is lower, and the overall power consumption of the circuit is lower.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the control circuit 200 includes a switch module 210 and a voltage dividing module 220, a first end of the voltage dividing module 220 is connected to a second end of the coil L1, a second end of the voltage dividing module 220 is connected to a first conducting end of the switch module 210, a second conducting end of the switch module 210 is connected to a ground end, a controlled end of the switch module 210 is connected to a signal input end of the control circuit 200, the controlled end of the switch module 210 can also be used as a signal input end of the control circuit 200, and the switch module 210 is configured to be turned on or off according to a control signal. The voltage divider module 220 is used to adjust the voltage across the coil L1.
The switch module 210 includes a transistor or an MOS transistor, which may be an NPN transistor Q1, a first conduction end of the switch module 210 corresponds to a collector of the NPN transistor Q1, a second conduction end of the switch module 210 corresponds to an emitter of the NPN transistor Q1, and a controlled end of the switch module 210 corresponds to a base of the NPN transistor Q1. Thus, when the control signal is at a high level, the switch module 210 is turned on; when the control signal is low, the switching module 210 is turned off.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the energy storage circuit 300 includes an energy storage module 310 and an energy storage control module 320 connected to the energy storage module 310, a first end of the energy storage module 310 is connected to a first end of a coil L1, a second end of the energy storage module 310 is connected to ground, and the energy storage control module 320 is configured to control the driving power VDD to charge and discharge the energy storage module 310 according to the connection or disconnection of the control circuit 200.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy storage module 310 includes an energy storage capacitor C1, a first voltage dividing resistor R1 and a second voltage dividing resistor R2; the first end of the first divider resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the coil L1, the second end of the first divider resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the second divider resistor R2, the second end of the second divider resistor R2 is connected with the ground end, the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the coil L1, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected with the second end of the first divider resistor R1. The voltage across the energy storage capacitor C1 is the same as the voltage across the first voltage dividing resistor R1, and the energy storage capacitor C1 is used for storing electric energy.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy storage control module 320 includes a switching tube Q2, a current limiting resistor R3, and a protection resistor R4, wherein a first conducting end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to the driving power VDD, a second conducting end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to a second end of the energy storage capacitor C1, a controlled end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to a first end of the current limiting resistor R3, a second end of the current limiting resistor R3 is connected to a first conducting end of the switching module 210, the protection resistor R4 is connected between the controlled end of the switching tube Q2 and the first conducting end of the switching tube Q2, and the switching tube Q2 is configured to be turned on when the switching module 210 is turned on and turned off when the switching module 210 is turned off. The current limiting resistor R3 is used to prevent excessive current from entering the controlled end of the switch tube Q2, so as to damage the switch tube Q2, and the protection resistor R4 is used to avoid the switch tube Q2 from being conducted by mistake.
The switch tube Q2 may be a triode or an MOS tube, and specifically may be a PNP triode, the first conducting end of the switch tube Q2 corresponds to an emitter of the PNP triode, the second conducting end of the switch tube Q2 corresponds to a collector of the PNP triode, and the controlled end of the switch tube Q2 corresponds to a base of the PNP triode.
It should be noted that when the control circuit 200 is turned off, there is no level input at the controlled terminal of the switching tube Q2, which results in the switching tube Q2 also turning off, and at this time, a voltage is applied to the energy storage capacitor C1 through the first voltage-dividing resistor R1 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R2, so that the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged, wherein the voltage at the second terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1 is smaller than the voltage at the first terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1. At the moment when the control circuit 200 is turned on, the controlled terminal of the switching tube Q2 is pulled down to low level, and the switching tube Q2 is turned on, so that the voltage at the second terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1 is increased, but the voltage applied to the energy storage capacitor C1 cannot be suddenly changed, so that the first terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1 starts to discharge, the voltage at the coil L1 is increased, the voltage at the coil L1 reaches the action voltage, and the contact switching of the relay 100 is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the energy storage control module 320 further includes a first unidirectional conductor D1 and a second unidirectional conductor D2, the first unidirectional conductor D1 is connected in series between the driving power VDD and the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1, the positive electrode of the first unidirectional conductor D1 is connected to the driving power VDD, the negative electrode of the first unidirectional conductor D1 is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1, the second unidirectional conductor D2 is connected in series between the first conducting end of the switching tube Q2 and the driving power VDD, the positive electrode of the second unidirectional conductor D2 is connected to the driving power VDD, and the negative electrode of the second unidirectional conductor D2 is connected to the first conducting end of the switching tube Q2. The first unidirectional conductor D1 and the second unidirectional conductor D2 are used for preventing current from flowing backwards, and influence on the driving power supply VDD when the energy storage capacitor C1 discharges is avoided. The first and second one-way conductors D1 and D2 may be diodes.
In this embodiment, assuming that the voltage of the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1 (the first end of the coil L1) is the first voltage V1, and the voltage of the second end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is the second voltage V2, when the control circuit 200 is open, the switching tube Q2 is also open, and at this time, the following first formula is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003492615590000072
in the formula, V C1 For applying a voltage, V, across the energy-storage capacitor C1 when the control circuit 200 is open D1 Is the turn-on voltage of the first unidirectional conductor D1. At the instant when the control circuit 200 is turned on, the switching transistor Q2 is also turned on, and the second voltage V2 increases, which satisfies the second formula: v2 ═ Vdc-V D2 In the formula, V D2 For the turn-on voltage of the second unidirectional conductor D2, a third formula at the turn-on moment of the control circuit 200 can be obtained according to the second formula:
Figure BDA0003492615590000071
on the premise that the driving voltage Vdc is smaller than the actuation voltage and larger than the sustain voltage, the first voltage V1 reaches the actuation voltage at the moment when the control circuit 200 is turned on by correspondingly configuring the resistance values of the first voltage-dividing capacitor R1 and the second voltage-dividing capacitor R2, so that the contact switching of the relay 100 is realized. When the energy of the energy storage capacitor C1 is released, the first voltage V1 will drop, and in this embodiment, even though the voltage applied to the coil L1 after the driving voltage Vdc is divided is still greater than the maintaining voltage, the relay 100 maintains the state after the contacts are switched.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the control circuit 200 further includes a bleeding module 230, and the bleeding module 230 is configured to bleed off the power of the coil L1 when the control circuit 200 is opened, so as to rapidly decrease the voltage of the coil L1, so that the voltage of the coil L1 is lower than the maintaining voltage, and the relay 100 is switched from the normally open side to the normally closed side.
The bleeder module 230 includes a third unidirectional conductor D3 and a bleeder resistor R5, a first end of the bleeder resistor R5 is connected to a second end of the coil L1, a second end of the bleeder resistor R5 is connected to an anode of the third unidirectional conductor D3, and a cathode of the third unidirectional conductor D3 is connected to a first end of the coil L1.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage dividing module 220 includes a third voltage dividing resistor R6 and a bypass capacitor C2, the third voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected in series between the second end of the coil L1 and the first conducting end of the switch module 210, and the bypass capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the third voltage dividing resistor R6. At the moment when the control circuit 200 is turned on, the bypass capacitor C2 is equivalent to short-circuiting the third voltage dividing resistor R6, and the voltage dividing module 220 is equivalent to a turned-on state and does not perform voltage division to guarantee the voltage on the coil L1.
As shown in fig. 2, the switch module 210 further includes a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, the resistor R7 is connected between the controlled terminal of the switch module 210 and the second conducting terminal of the switch module 210, for pulling down the level of the controlled terminal of the switch module 210 to prevent the switch module 210 from being turned on by mistake, the first terminal of the resistor R8 is connected to the controlled terminal of the switch module 210, the second terminal of the resistor R8 is connected to the enable control terminal EN for preventing the input current from being too large to damage the switch module 210, and the enable control terminal EN can output the control signal.
As shown in fig. 3, a second embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including a relay 100 and a relay driving circuit as in the above embodiments. The electronic device further includes a main control module provided with an enable control terminal EN, a driving power VDD, a first load power Vac1, a second load power Vac2, and a load RT, and contacts of the relay 100 may be disposed between the load RT and the first load power Vac1 and the second load power Vac2, so that the load RT is connected to the first load power Vac1 or the second load power Vac2 by controlling contact switching of the relay 100. The electronic device may be a power supply device or an energy storage device, and the present embodiment does not limit the types of the electronic device and the load RT.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A relay drive circuit for driving a relay, wherein a first end of a coil of the relay is connected to a driving power supply, the relay drive circuit comprising:
a control circuit, disposed between the second end of the coil and a ground terminal, configured to turn on or off a connection between the second end of the coil and the ground terminal according to a control signal, for controlling the driving power supply to apply a voltage to the coil according to the control signal;
and the energy storage circuit is arranged between the first end of the coil and the ground end, is connected with the driving power supply and the control circuit, is configured to be charged through the driving power supply to preload the voltage of the coil when the control circuit is disconnected, and discharges the coil when the control circuit is connected so as to improve the voltage of the coil when the contact of the relay is switched.
2. The relay driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit includes a switch module and a voltage dividing module, a first end of the voltage dividing module is connected to the second end of the coil, a second end of the voltage dividing module is connected to the first conducting end of the switch module, a second conducting end of the switch module is connected to the ground, a controlled end of the switch module is connected to the signal input end of the control circuit, and the switch module is configured to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
3. The relay driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein the energy storage circuit includes an energy storage module and an energy storage control module connected to the energy storage module, a first end of the energy storage module is connected to the first end of the coil, a second end of the energy storage module is connected to the ground, and the energy storage control module is configured to control the driving power supply to charge and discharge the energy storage module according to the disconnection or connection of the control circuit.
4. The relay drive circuit according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage module includes an energy storage capacitor, a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor;
the first end of the first divider resistor is connected with the first end of the coil, the second end of the first divider resistor is connected with the first end of the second divider resistor, the second end of the second divider resistor is connected with the ground end, the first end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the first end of the coil, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the second end of the first divider resistor.
5. The relay driving circuit according to claim 4, wherein the energy storage control module includes a switching tube, a current limiting resistor and a protection resistor, a first conducting end of the switching tube is connected to the driving power source, a second conducting end of the switching tube is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor, a controlled end of the switching tube is connected to the first end of the current limiting resistor, a second end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the first conducting end of the switching module, the protection resistor is connected between the controlled end of the switching tube and the first conducting end of the switching tube, and the switching tube is configured to be turned on when the switching module is turned on and turned off when the switching module is turned off.
6. The relay driving circuit according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage control module further comprises a first unidirectional conductor and a second unidirectional conductor, the first unidirectional conductor is connected in series between the driving power source and the first end of the energy storage capacitor, an anode of the first unidirectional conductor is connected to the driving power source, a cathode of the first unidirectional conductor is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor, the second unidirectional conductor is connected in series between the first conducting end of the switch tube and the driving power source, an anode of the second unidirectional conductor is connected to the driving power source, and a cathode of the second unidirectional conductor is connected to the first conducting end of the switch tube.
7. The relay driver circuit according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control circuit further comprises a bleeding module for bleeding electrical energy from the coil when the control circuit is open.
8. The relay driving circuit according to claim 7, wherein the bleeding module comprises a third unidirectional conductor and a bleeding resistor, a first end of the bleeding resistor is connected to the second end of the coil, a second end of the bleeding resistor is connected to an anode of the third unidirectional conductor, and a cathode of the third unidirectional conductor is connected to the first end of the coil.
9. The relay driver circuit according to claim 2, wherein the voltage dividing module includes a third voltage dividing resistor connected in series between the second end of the coil and the first conductive end of the switch module, and a bypass capacitor connected in parallel with the third voltage dividing resistor.
10. An electronic device characterized by comprising a relay and the relay drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202220235565.8U 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Relay drive circuit and electronic device Active CN217239348U (en)

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