CN217214139U - Switch type metamaterial unit cell and acoustic superstructure thereof - Google Patents
Switch type metamaterial unit cell and acoustic superstructure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN217214139U CN217214139U CN202220111145.9U CN202220111145U CN217214139U CN 217214139 U CN217214139 U CN 217214139U CN 202220111145 U CN202220111145 U CN 202220111145U CN 217214139 U CN217214139 U CN 217214139U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a switch-type metamaterial unit cell and acoustics superstructure thereof. The switch type metamaterial unit cell comprises a supporting part, a cavity part, a particle part and a regulating part, wherein the cavity part is arranged on the supporting part, the particle part is arranged in the cavity part, and the regulating part can be arranged at the upper end of the cavity part in an up-and-down moving mode; when the lower extreme of regulation and control portion and granule portion contact, the degree of freedom of motion that regulation and control portion is used for retraining granule portion, and nonlinear characteristic is in the closed condition, is equipped with the clearance between the lower extreme of regulation and control portion and granule portion, and regulation and control portion is used for releasing the degree of freedom of motion of granule portion, and nonlinear characteristic is in the open condition. The utility model discloses under the condition that need not rely on big deformation and big load excitation, easily aroused the nonlinear characteristic of metamaterial unit cell, improved the stability and the reliability of metamaterial unit cell nonlinear characteristic, overcome the not enough of the unable accurate conversion in metamaterial unit cell linearity and nonlinear stage, have simple structure, green, low cost's advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of high and new equipment (aircraft, rail train, large ship, intelligent automobile, novel defeated system of becoming, silence air conditioner etc.), function building (wind-tunnel, highway, bridge/tunnel, passenger waiting hall/hall, meeting venue, recording/studio, anechoic room etc.) damping falls new material, new technology, more specifically says, in particular to switch type metamaterial cellular and acoustics superstructure thereof.
Background
The acoustic metamaterial structure is a novel acoustic material or structure formed by arranging specially designed artificial acoustic microstructure units/cells (such as local resonance structure units, micro-vibrator units or vibrators for short) in an elastic medium in a predetermined mode, can obtain extraordinary physical characteristics (such as negative mass density, negative refraction and negative modulus) which natural materials do not have, and can realize extraordinary control of elastic waves and sound waves, so that the acoustic metamaterial structure has very important application values in many fields, such as acoustic cloak, vibration isolation/impact resistance, vibration and noise reduction, acoustic imaging, acoustic screening and the like.
The artificial acoustic microstructure units are basic units for constructing the acoustic metamaterial and directly influence the exertion of the extraordinary physical properties of the acoustic metamaterial. The artificial acoustic microstructure unit in the traditional design mainly comprises a hard and soft material block vibrator, a film concentrated mass vibrator, a spiral labyrinth vibrator, a double-cantilever beam vibrator, a bistable buckling structure and the like. Theoretically, the artificial acoustic microstructure units have two stages of linearity and nonlinearity, and when the structure works in the linear stage, linear characteristics are generated, and the structure is called a linear structure; when the structure works in a nonlinear stage, nonlinear characteristics are generated, and the structure is also called a nonlinear structure; however, most of the microstructure units work in a linear stage, the inherent structures of the microstructure units determine that the microstructure units usually only generate linear characteristics, if the nonlinear characteristics are required to be generated, large deformation or large load excitation is required, the external dependence degree is high, so that the nonlinear characteristics of the microstructure units are difficult to stably regulate, and the microstructure units cannot realize accurate conversion between the linear stage and the nonlinear stage, which undoubtedly limits the industrial application of the traditional artificial acoustic microstructure units.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a switch type metamaterial unit cell and acoustics superstructure thereof to overcome the defect that prior art exists.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:
a switch type metamaterial unit cell comprises a supporting part, a cavity part, a particle part and a regulating part, wherein the cavity part is arranged on the supporting part, the particle part is arranged in the cavity part, and the regulating part can be arranged at the upper end of the cavity part in an up-and-down moving mode; when the lower end of the regulating part is in contact with the particle part, the regulating part is used for restraining the freedom of movement of the particle part, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch type metamaterial unit cell is in a closed state, when a gap is formed between the lower end of the regulating part and the particle part, the regulating part is used for releasing the freedom of movement of the particle part, and the nonlinear characteristic of the switch type metamaterial unit cell is in an open state.
Further, a gap is formed between each particle part and the inner wall of the cavity part, the number of the particle parts is at least one, and gaps or contact are formed between every two adjacent particle parts.
Further, the regulation and control portion includes the handle, with the briquetting that the handle is connected, the briquetting is located in the cavity portion, and through the handle drive the briquetting is along the elevation structure that the cavity portion reciprocated, when the briquetting with the particle portion contacts, the regulation and control portion is used for retraining the degree of freedom of movement of particle portion, the nonlinear characteristic of switch-type metamaterial unit cell is in the off-state, when being equipped with the clearance between the briquetting and the particle portion, the regulation and control portion is used for releasing the degree of freedom of movement of particle portion, the nonlinear characteristic of switch-type metamaterial unit cell is in the on-state.
Further, elevation structure is including locating the internal thread in cavity portion inside wall area, and locate the external screw thread of briquetting, the briquetting pass through the external screw thread with the internal thread of cavity portion cooperatees, the handle is followed the tangential setting of cavity portion inside wall.
Further, elevation structure is including locating the spout of cavity portion lateral wall, the handle perpendicular to the inside wall direction of cavity portion just passes behind the spout with the briquetting is connected, the outer end of handle is equipped with the boss.
Further, the supporting part is a solid elastic cylinder, a hollow elastic cylinder or a spring.
Further, the supporting portion is made of steel, aluminum, rubber, carbon fiber, polyurethane, nylon or asbestos, the particle portion is made of steel, copper, stone, plastic or silicone rubber, and the cavity portion is made of iron, steel, aluminum, copper or plastic.
The utility model also provides an acoustics superstructure, including basic portion and foretell switch formula metamaterial unit cell, switch formula metamaterial unit cell locates in the basic portion or embedding in the basic portion.
Furthermore, the number of the switch-type metamaterial unit cells is at least two, and the switch-type metamaterial unit cells are connected to the base body portion according to a predetermined arrangement mode or embedded in the base body portion according to a predetermined mode.
Further, the basic part is a homogeneous beam/plate structure, a reinforced beam/plate structure, a sandwich beam/plate structure, a carbon fiber composite beam/plate structure or a multilayer composite beam/plate structure.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: the cavity part in the utility model is used as the main mass function of the metamaterial unit cell in the linear stage on one hand, and is used for surrounding the particle part and serving as the impacted body function of the metamaterial unit cell in the nonlinear stage on the other hand; the particle part serves as a secondary mass function of the metamaterial unit cells in a linear stage on one hand, and serves as a main impact body function of the metamaterial unit cells in a nonlinear stage on the other hand; the supporting part supports the cavity part, the particle part and the regulating part and serves as a main rigidity function of the metamaterial unit cells in a linear stage on one hand, and serves as a load input channel on the other hand; the regulation and control part mainly regulates the freedom degree of movement of the particle part by regulating the gap between the regulation and control part and the particle part, and realizes the restriction and release of the freedom degree of movement of the particle part, thereby playing a role in opening or closing the nonlinear characteristic of the metamaterial unit cell and realizing the accurate conversion of the linear stage and the nonlinear stage of the metamaterial unit cell. The utility model discloses under the condition that need not rely on big deformation and big load excitation, easily aroused the nonlinear characteristic of metamaterial unit cell, improved the stability and the reliability of metamaterial unit cell nonlinear characteristic by a wide margin to overcome the not enough of the unable accurate conversion in metamaterial unit cell linearity and nonlinear stage, still have simple structure, green, low cost's advantage simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
In fig. 1, a is a schematic diagram of a spiral regulation metamaterial unit cell, and b is a schematic diagram of a chute regulation metamaterial unit cell.
In fig. 2, a is a schematic diagram of the number of the granular parts in the present invention, b is a schematic diagram of two schematic diagrams of the number of the granular parts, and c is a schematic diagram of a plurality of schematic diagrams of the number of the granular parts.
In fig. 3, a is a schematic diagram of the start of the spiral regulation of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell of the present invention, and b is a schematic diagram of the downward movement of the regulation part along the cavity.
In fig. 4, a is a schematic diagram of the beginning of the regulation of the switch-type metamaterial cellular chute, b is a schematic diagram of the handle and the cavity when the chute is regulated and released, and c is a schematic diagram of the regulation and control part moving downwards along the chute of the cavity.
In fig. 5, a is a schematic view of the hollow elastic column as the middle supporting portion of the present invention, and b is a schematic view of the spring as the supporting portion.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an acoustic superstructure based on switched metamaterial cells according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a plurality of combination diagrams of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an acoustic superstructure based on switched metamaterial cells in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 9 is schematic diagrams of two embodiments of the arrangement of the switch-type metamaterial unit cells according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the arrangement number and variation of the switch-type metamaterial unit cells according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a vibration transfer curve of an embodiment of a switch-mode metamaterial unit cell of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a supporting part 1, a cavity part 2, a particle part 3, a regulating part 4, a handle 4a, a pressing block 4b, a switch type metamaterial unit cell 5 and a base body part 6.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention can be more clearly and clearly defined.
Example one
Referring to a in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a switch type metamaterial unit cell 5, which includes a supporting portion 1, a cavity portion 2, a particle portion 3 and a regulating portion 4, wherein the cavity portion 2 is disposed on the supporting portion 1, the particle portion 3 is disposed in the cavity portion 2, that is, the particle portion 3 is surrounded by the cavity portion 2, and the regulating portion 4 is disposed at an upper end of the cavity portion 2 and can move up and down.
When the lower end of the regulating part 4 is in contact (local contact) with the particle part 3, the regulating part 4 is used for restricting the degree of freedom of movement of the particle part 3, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in a closed state, when a gap is formed between the lower end of the regulating part 4 and the particle part 3, the regulating part 4 is used for releasing the degree of freedom of movement of the particle part 3, and the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in an open state.
Specifically, the cavity 2 serves as a main mass of the metamaterial unit cells in a linear stage on one hand, and serves as an impacted body of the metamaterial unit cells in a non-linear stage on the other hand, and the particle part 3 is surrounded by the cavity; the particle part 3 serves as a secondary mass function of the metamaterial unit cells in a linear stage on one hand and serves as a main impact body function of the metamaterial unit cells in a nonlinear stage on the other hand; the supporting part 1 supports the cavity part 2, the particle part 3 and the regulation and control part 4 on one hand and serves as a main rigidity function of the metamaterial unit cells in a linear stage, and serves as a load input channel on the other hand; the regulation and control part 4 mainly regulates the freedom degree of movement of the particle part 3 by regulating the gap between the regulation and control part and the particle part 3, and realizes the restriction and release of the freedom degree of movement of the particle part 3, thereby playing a role in opening or closing the nonlinear characteristic of the metamaterial unit cell and realizing the accurate conversion of the linear stage and the nonlinear stage of the metamaterial unit cell. The nonlinear characteristic of the metamaterial unit cell can be easily excited by the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 without depending on large deformation and large load excitation, the stability and the reliability of the nonlinear characteristic of the metamaterial unit cell are greatly improved, the defect that the linear and nonlinear stages of the metamaterial unit cell cannot be accurately converted is overcome, and meanwhile, the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 has the advantages of being simple in structure, environment-friendly and low in cost.
In the present embodiment, a gap is provided between the particle portion 3 and the inner wall of the cavity portion 2, for example, the gap between the particle portion 3 and the inner side wall of the cavity portion 2 is 0.3mm, 2.6mm, 10.0mm, and the like, and preferably, the gap between the particle portion 3 and the inner side wall of the cavity portion 2 is larger than the radius of the particle.
In this embodiment, the number of the particle portions 3 is at least one (i.e. one or more), as shown in fig. 2 a, b, and c, for example, the number of the particles of the particle portions 3 may be an integer of 1, 2, 9, etc., and gaps or contacts are provided between adjacent particle portions 3, and preferably, each particle portion 3 may be in point contact with another.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the regulating portion 4 includes a handle 4a, a pressing block 4b connected to the handle 4a, the pressing block 4b is located in the cavity 2, and a lifting structure that drives the pressing block 4b to move up and down along the cavity 2 through the handle 4a, when the lifting structure makes the pressing block 4b contact (partially contact) with the particle portion 3, the regulating portion 4 is configured to constrain the degree of freedom of movement of the particle portion 3, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in a closed state, when the lifting structure makes a gap be provided between the pressing block 4b and the particle portion 3, the regulating portion 4 is configured to release the degree of freedom of movement of the particle portion 3, and the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in an open state.
Referring to fig. 1a, the lifting structure of this embodiment includes an internal thread disposed on the inner sidewall of the cavity 2 and an external thread disposed on the pressing block 4b, the pressing block 4b is matched with the internal thread of the cavity 2 through the external thread, and the handle 4a is disposed along the tangential direction of the inner sidewall of the cavity 2. At this time, the press block 4b of the regulating part 4 is connected with the inner side wall of the cavity part 2, and the regulating part 4 can move up and down along the tangential direction of the inner side wall of the cavity part 2. As shown in a and b in fig. 3, the rotating handle 4a can push the regulating part 4 to move up and down along the tangential direction of the inner side wall of the cavity part 2.
Referring to fig. 5 a and b, the supporting portion 1 is a solid elastic cylinder, a hollow elastic cylinder or a spring.
In this embodiment, the support portion 1 is a steel support portion, an aluminum support portion, a rubber support portion, a carbon fiber support portion, a polyurethane support portion, a nylon support portion, an asbestos support portion, or the like.
In the present embodiment, the granular part 3 is a steel granular part, a copper granular part, a stone granular part, a plastic granular part, a silicone granular part, or the like.
In the present embodiment, the cavity 2 is an iron cavity, a steel cavity, an aluminum cavity, a copper cavity, a plastic cavity, or the like.
In this embodiment, to realize accurate conversion, scales may be provided on the handle 4a or the cavity 2. And may employ manual control or electric drive control.
FIG. 11 is a vibration transfer curve for an embodiment of a switched metamaterial cell.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 b, the other structures of the present embodiment are the same as the first embodiment, except that the lifting structure in the present embodiment includes a sliding groove disposed on the sidewall of the cavity 2, the handle 4a is perpendicular to the inner sidewall of the cavity 2 and connected to the pressing block 4b after passing through the sliding groove, and the outer end of the handle 4a is provided with a boss.
In this embodiment, a gap of 1.0mm is left between the pressing block 4b of the regulating part 4 and the inner side wall of the cavity 2, the handle 4a is rotated to loosen the outer wall of the cavity 2 and the boss of the handle 4a, and then the regulating part 4 can be pushed to move up and down along the sliding groove direction of the cavity 2.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 6-10, the present embodiment provides an acoustic superstructure, which includes a basic portion 6, and a switching metamaterial unit cell 5 according to the first or second embodiment, where the switching metamaterial unit cell 5 is disposed on the basic portion 6 or embedded in the basic portion 6.
In this embodiment, there are at least two switching metamaterial unit cells 5, for example, the number of the switching metamaterial unit cells 5 is 5, 20, or 30, and a plurality of switching metamaterial unit cells 5 are connected to the base body 6 in a predetermined arrangement manner or embedded in the base body 6 in a predetermined manner. Such as an arrangement of metamaterial cells at uniform grid points (e.g., fig. 7 and 8) or an arrangement of non-uniform grid points (e.g., fig. 9).
In the embodiment, the components (the support part 1, the cavity part 2, the particle part 3 and the regulating part 4) in each switch type metamaterial unit cell 5 can be the same or can be changed according to a predetermined mode, for example, the height of the support part 1 in each switch type metamaterial unit cell shows a change trend of 4mm-2mm-0.5mm-4mm-2mm, and the number of the particle parts 3 in each switch type metamaterial unit cell 5 shows a change trend of 27-9-17-12-25.
Preferably, the basic portion 6 is a homogeneous beam/plate structure, a reinforced beam/plate structure, a sandwich beam/plate structure, a carbon fiber composite beam/plate structure or a multi-layer composite beam/plate structure.
Example four
Referring to fig. 4-6, the present embodiment provides an acoustic superstructure, including a basic portion 6, and the switching metamaterial unit cell 5 in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, where the switching metamaterial unit cell 5 is disposed on the basic portion 6.
In this embodiment, the base body portion 6 is a beam-shaped structure made of aluminum alloy, the number of the switch-type metamaterial unit cells 5 is 10, the pitch of the unit cells is 100mm, the cavity portion 2 is columnar, the side is provided with a chute, the number of the particle portions in the cavity portion 2 is 4, the particle portions 3 are of a steel spherical structure, and the diameter of the ball is 4 mm.
In this embodiment, the regulating portion 4 is composed of a handle 4a and a pressing block 4b, the pressing block 4b is located in the cavity portion 2, and the lifting structure drives the pressing block 4b to move up and down along the cavity portion 2 through the handle 4a, when the lifting structure enables the pressing block 4b to be in contact (local contact) with the particle portion 3, the regulating portion 4 is used for restraining the freedom of movement of the particle portion 3, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in a closed state, when the lifting structure enables a gap to be formed between the pressing block 4b and the particle portion 3, the regulating portion 4 is used for releasing the freedom of movement of the particle portion 3, and the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is in an open state.
In this embodiment, the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is subjected to a vibration response test when the nonlinear characteristic is in a closed state and an open state, and an average vibration transfer rate curve (see fig. 11) of the upper surface of the beam-shaped basic portion 6 is measured by white noise excitation, and it can be known from the figure that, under the condition of equal mass, when the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-type metamaterial unit cell 5 is opened, the vibration transfer curves in a frequency band of 0 to 1000Hz are all attenuated compared with when the switch-type metamaterial unit cell is closed, and the peak attenuation amount of 200Hz to 800Hz is greater than 8 dB. It can be seen that the utility model discloses a switch-type metamaterial structure has good low frequency broadband absorbing effect.
The utility model discloses a regulation and control portion can easily arouse the nonlinear characteristic of structure to possess nimble linear and nonlinear transformation function, can overcome the nonlinear characteristic of traditional artifical acoustics micro-structure unit and be difficult to arouse, linear and the unable accurate not enough that converts in nonlinear stage, and simple structure, low cost.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, various changes and modifications can be made by the owner within the scope of the appended claims, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be exceeded by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A switch type metamaterial unit cell is characterized by comprising a supporting part, a cavity part, a particle part and a regulating part, wherein the cavity part is arranged on the supporting part, the particle part is arranged in the cavity part, and the regulating part can be arranged at the upper end of the cavity part in a vertically movable manner; when the lower end of the regulating part is in contact with the particle part, the regulating part is used for restraining the freedom of movement of the particle part, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch type metamaterial unit cell is in a closed state, when a gap is formed between the lower end of the regulating part and the particle part, the regulating part is used for releasing the freedom of movement of the particle part, and the nonlinear characteristic of the switch type metamaterial unit cell is in an open state.
2. The switch-type metamaterial unit cell of claim 1, wherein a gap is formed between the particle portion and the inner wall of the cavity portion, the number of the particle portions is at least one, and a gap or a contact is formed between every two adjacent particle portions.
3. The switch-mode metamaterial unit cell of claim 1, wherein the regulating portion includes a handle, a press block connected to the handle, the press block being located within the cavity portion, and a lifting structure that drives the press block to move up and down along the cavity portion via the handle, the regulating portion being configured to constrain the freedom of movement of the grain portion when the press block is in contact with the grain portion, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-mode metamaterial unit cell being in a closed state, the regulating portion being configured to release the freedom of movement of the grain portion when a gap is provided between the press block and the grain portion, the nonlinear characteristic of the switch-mode metamaterial unit cell being in an open state.
4. The switch-type metamaterial unit cell of claim 3, wherein the lifting structure comprises an internal thread formed on an inner side wall of the cavity and an external thread formed on the pressing block, the pressing block is matched with the internal thread of the cavity through the external thread, and the handle is arranged along a tangential direction of the inner side wall of the cavity.
5. The switch type metamaterial unit cell of claim 3, wherein the lifting structure comprises a sliding groove formed in a side wall of the cavity, the handle is perpendicular to the direction of the inner side wall of the cavity and connected with the pressing block after passing through the sliding groove, and a boss is arranged at the outer end of the handle.
6. The switch-mode metamaterial unit cell of claim 1, wherein the support portion is a solid flexible cylinder, a hollow flexible cylinder, or a spring.
7. The switch-mode metamaterial cell according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is made of steel, aluminum, rubber, carbon fiber, polyurethane, nylon, or asbestos, the pellet portion is made of steel, copper, stone, plastic, or silastic, and the cavity portion is made of iron, steel, aluminum, copper, or plastic.
8. An acoustic superstructure, comprising a basic portion and a switched metamaterial cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, arranged on or embedded within said basic portion.
9. The acoustic superstructure according to claim 8, wherein said number of said switching metamaterial cells is at least two, and a plurality of said switching metamaterial cells are connected to said basic part in a predetermined arrangement or embedded in said basic part in a predetermined manner.
10. The acoustic superstructure according to claim 8, wherein said basic part is a homogeneous beam/plate structure, a stiffened beam/plate structure, a sandwich beam/plate structure, a carbon fiber composite beam/plate structure or a multilayer composite beam/plate structure.
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| CN114420078A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Switch type metamaterial unit cell and acoustic superstructure thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114420078A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Switch type metamaterial unit cell and acoustic superstructure thereof |
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