CN217118559U - Detachable screw and internal fixing device for fixing front ring of pelvic fracture - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a fixed screw and the internal fixation device of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture, wherein, this fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture includes: the nail comprises a main nail, a nail barrel and a limiting mechanism; the through hole in the nail barrel is in a step shape; the nail head of the main nail is arranged in the nail barrel, the nail rod of the main nail penetrates out of the through hole, the limiting mechanism is detachably connected in the nail barrel, and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the main nail to rotate; when the detachable screw is fixed by the front ring for detaching the pelvic fracture, the limiting mechanism is separated from the through hole, and the main screw is separated from the screw cylinder after rotating for a preset angle. The internal fixing device comprises a connecting cross rod and at least two detachable fixed screws for the pelvis fracture front ring; the detachable screws for fixing the front ring of the pelvic fracture are connected through a connecting cross rod. Through the utility model provides an among the prior art to the patient of having installed the internal fixation frame, be difficult to take out the problem of the outer all the other parts of screw main nail, and then can be under the prerequisite that remains main nail, reduce the uncomfortable sense of patient's postoperative.

Description

Detachable screw and internal fixing device for fixing front ring of pelvic fracture

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical equipment, concretely relates to fixed screw and internal fixation device of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture.

Background

For senile fragile Anterior Pelvic Ring injury, currently, a Minimally Invasive percutaneous Anterior Pelvic Internal fixation (Minimally Invasive Anterior Pelvic Internal Ring Internal fixer) is generally adopted clinically. The most widely used and effective instrument in this procedure is called an internal fixation frame (INFIX). The internal fixing frame is designed primarily to stabilize the anterior pelvic ring, so that injury of the anterior pelvic ring, including pubic symphysis and pubic ramus fracture, is the best indication. Because the internal fixation frame is positioned in front of the pelvis of the lower abdomen, the patient with a thin body shape can have subjective discomfort, particularly for sitting positions, the postoperative patient usually has subjective discomfort and affects daily life, but the discomfort disappears after the internal fixation frame is taken out. Therefore, after the fracture heals, the internal fixation frame should be removed by a secondary operation.

At present, a main nail of an internal fixing frame and a nail cap of a connecting cross rod are designed integrally, but the main nail needs to be kept in place for a long time for some special fractures, and the cross rod causes discomfort and needs to be taken out early. However, in the early stage after the pelvic anterior ring injury recovery operation, the degree of pelvic recovery is insufficient, and the screw is not easily removed except for the main nail.

Aiming at the problem that the rest part of the screw main nail is difficult to take out for a patient who installs the internal fixing frame in the prior art, an effective solution is not provided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a fixed screw and internal fixation device dismantled of ring before pelvis fracture to the patient of having installed the internal fixation frame among the solution prior art, be difficult to take out the problem of the outer all the other parts of screw main nail.

Therefore, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model discloses an aspect provides a fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture, include: the nail comprises a main nail, a nail barrel and a limiting mechanism;

the through hole in the nail barrel is in a step shape;

the nail head of the main nail is arranged in the nail barrel, the nail rod of the main nail penetrates out of the through hole, the limiting mechanism is detachably connected in the nail barrel, and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the main nail to rotate;

when the detachable screws are fixed by the pelvis fracture front ring, the limiting mechanism is separated from the through holes, and the main screws are separated from the screw barrel after rotating for a preset angle.

Optionally, the head is integrally formed with the stem;

the length of the nail head is smaller than that of one end, close to the main nail, of the through hole, the length of the nail head is larger than that of one end, close to the main nail, of the through hole, and the width of the nail head is smaller than that of one end, close to the main nail, of the through hole;

when the limiting mechanism limits the main nail to rotate, the nail head forms a preset angle with one end, close to the main nail, of the through hole in the nail barrel.

Optionally, the limiting mechanism comprises a support part and a limiting part;

the two sides of the supporting part are respectively integrated with the limiting part, and one end of the limiting part, which is far away from the supporting part, is in a ladder shape.

Optionally, the thread on the shank comprises a coarse thread adjacent the head and a fine thread remote from the head.

Optionally, a cavity is arranged inside the main nail, and the cavity penetrates through the main nail.

Optionally, a plurality of injection holes are formed in the side wall of one end, far away from the nail head, of the nail rod, and the injection holes are communicated with the cavity.

Optionally, the detachable pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw further comprises an inner screw;

the inner wall of the nail barrel is provided with a pressing thread, the inner screw is connected with the nail barrel through the pressing thread, and the limiting mechanism is pressed between the inner screw and the main screw.

The utility model discloses in the second aspect, an internal fixation device is provided, including connecting horizontal pole and at least two according to any one of above-mentioned first aspect the fixed screw of dismantling of ring before the pelvis fracture, fixed screw of dismantling of ring passes through before the pelvis fracture between the connection horizontal pole is connected.

Optionally, two opposite clamping grooves are formed in the side wall, away from the main nail, of the nail barrel, and the connecting cross rod is clamped into the clamping grooves.

Optionally, a limiting groove is formed in the end face, away from the main nail, of the limiting mechanism, and the connecting cross rod is matched with the limiting groove.

The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage:

the utility model provides a fixed screw and internal fixation device of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture, through the utility model provides an among the prior art to the patient of having installed the internal fixation frame, be difficult to take out the problem of all the other parts outside the screw main nail. The utility model discloses when the main nail need not take out, can take out all the other parts of fixed screw of dismantling of ring before the pelvis fracture, and then reduce the uncomfortable sense of patient's postoperative.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a detachable screw for fixing an anterior ring of pelvic fracture according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main nail according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a staple cartridge in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a limiting mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the internal fixation device according to the present invention.

In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1. a main nail; 2. a nail barrel; 3. a limiting mechanism; 4. inner screws; 5. connecting the cross bars; 11. a nail head; 12. a nail rod; 13. coarse thread; 14. fine thread; 15. a cavity; 16. an injection hole; 21. a through hole; 22. pressing the threads; 23 card slots; 31. a support portion; 32. a limiting part; 33. a limiting groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not shown in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The utility model provides a fixed screw and internal fixation device of dismantling of pelvis fracture anterior ring can be used to the fixed postoperative of pelvis anterior ring damage, for example, the pubis is united to separate fixed and the pubis branch fracture postoperative after-fixing. Fig. 1 is according to the utility model discloses a fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture's structure schematic diagram, and fig. 3 is according to the utility model discloses a nail section of thick bamboo's structure schematic diagram, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, this fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture includes: the nail comprises a main nail 1, a nail barrel 2 and a limiting mechanism 3. Specifically, the main nail 1, the nail barrel 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 are connected to form the detachable fixed screw for the front ring of the pelvic fracture, and the detachable fixed screw for the front ring of the pelvic fracture is placed at the pelvic fracture part, so that the fracture part can be effectively fixed.

The through hole 21 in the nail barrel 2 is in a step shape; the nail head 11 of the main nail 1 is arranged in the nail barrel 2, the nail rod 12 of the main nail 1 penetrates out of the through hole 21, the limiting mechanism 3 is detachably connected in the nail barrel 2, and the limiting mechanism 3 is used for limiting the rotation of the main nail 1. Specifically, connect main nail 1, a nail section of thick bamboo 2 and stop gear 3, form fixed screw of dismantling of ring before the pelvis fracture, put into pelvis fracture department with fixed screw of dismantling of ring before this pelvis fracture again, can dismantle a nail section of thick bamboo 2 and stop gear 3 under the prerequisite that remains main nail 1, and then under the prerequisite that does not influence patient's recovery, can reduce patient's uncomfortable and feel. In addition, one end of the through hole 21 near the main nail 1 may be rectangular or oval, etc. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the shape of the through hole 21 near the end of the main nail 1 is not intended to limit the present invention, and other shapes are within the scope of the present invention, such as a diamond shape.

When the detachable screw is fixed by the front ring of the pelvis fracture to be detached, the limiting mechanism 3 is separated from the through hole 21, and the main screw 1 is separated from the screw cylinder 2 after rotating for a preset angle. Specifically, the predetermined angle is an angle between the head 11 of the main nail 1 and one end of the through hole 21 near the main nail 1 when the detachable screw is fixed to form the anterior ring for pelvic fracture. When the main nail 1 needs to be kept at the pelvis fracture part and the rest part of the detachable screw fixed by the front ring of the pelvis fracture is taken out, firstly, the limiting mechanism 3 is taken out from the through hole 21; then, rotating the main nail 1 to enable the nail head 11 to be parallel to one end, close to the main nail 1, of the through hole 21, enabling the nail barrel 2 to move in the direction far away from the nail rod, enabling the nail head to move out of the through hole 21, and further enabling the nail barrel 2 to be separated from the main nail 1; finally, the nail cartridge 2 is removed.

The prior art screw for pelvic fracture has no detachable function, and usually adopts a mode that the main nail 1 and the nail barrel 2 are integrally formed, however, the screw formed in the mode cannot be used for partial fracture conditions. In the embodiment, a detachable screw for fixing the front ring of the pelvic fracture is designed, which is different from the prior art, and the nail barrel 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 can be taken out on the premise of keeping the main nail 1. This embodiment has been solved among the prior art to the patient of having installed the internal fixation frame, is difficult to take out the problem of main nail 1 outer remaining part, and then has reduced the uncomfortable sense of patient's postoperative.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the head 11 is formed integrally with the stem 12. The nail head 11 and the nail rod 12 jointly form the main nail 1, and the nail head 11 and the nail rod 12 are integrally formed to increase the strength of the main nail 1, so that the main nail 1 is not easy to damage.

The length of the nail head 11 is less than that of one end (namely, a smaller hole in the stepped hole) of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1, the length of the nail head 11 is greater than that of one end (namely, a smaller hole in the stepped hole) of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1, and the width of the nail head 11 is less than that of one end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1; when the limiting mechanism 3 limits the main nail 1 to rotate, the nail head 11 forms a preset angle with one end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1 in the nail barrel 2. Specifically, in order that the head 11 can pass through the through hole 21 near one end of the main nail 1, the length and width of the head 11 are both smaller than those of the through hole 21 near one end of the main nail 1; in order to make the main nail 1 rotate at a certain angle, the head 11 can not pass through the end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1, and the length of the head 11 is larger than the width of the end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1 (i.e. the smaller hole in the stepped hole). Therefore, when the main nail 1, the nail barrel 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 form the detachable fixed screw for the front ring of the pelvic fracture, firstly, the main nail 1 is rotated to enable the nail head 11 of the main nail 1 to pass through the through hole 21 to be close to one end of the main nail 1, then, the nail head 11 passes through the through hole 21 to be close to one end of the main nail 1 to enter the nail barrel 2, secondly, the main nail 1 is rotated to enable the nail head 11 not to be separated from one end, close to the main nail 1, of the through hole 21 and to be matched with the limiting mechanism 3, and finally, the limiting mechanism 3 is inserted into the through hole 21 to be close to one end of the main nail 1 to further extrude the main nail 1, so that the main nail 1 cannot rotate, and the nail head 11 is prevented from being separated from the nail barrel 2.

To illustrate the spacing mechanism 3, in some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the spacing mechanism 3 includes a support portion 31 and a spacing portion 32; both sides of the supporting portion 31 are integrally formed with the position-limiting portion 32, and one end of the position-limiting portion 32 away from the supporting portion 31 is stepped. Specifically, when the main nail 1 is limited to rotate by the limiting mechanism 3, the limiting part 32 is inserted into one end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1, and the end of the limiting part 32 far away from the supporting part 31 is in a step shape, so that the through hole 21 can be well matched with the step shape, and further when the limiting part 32 is inserted into one end of the through hole 21 close to the main nail 1, the main nail 1 can be firmly squeezed, and the main nail 1 is prevented from rotating to be separated from the nail barrel 2.

To illustrate the threads on the shank 12, in some alternative embodiments, the threads on the shank 12 include coarse threads 13 and fine threads 14, the coarse threads 13 being adjacent the head 11 and the fine threads 14 being distal the head 11. Specifically, the coarse thread 13 has high strength and good fixing performance; the fine thread 14 has good sealing performance, and on the premise of not taking anti-loosening measures, the anti-loosening performance of the fine thread 14 is better than that of the coarse thread 13, but the strength of the fine thread 14 is low. Therefore, the threads on the shank 12 are provided with the coarse threads 13 and the fine threads 14, so that the holding force of the main nail 1 can be effectively enhanced.

In other embodiments, the middle of the shank 12 may be provided with a coarse thread 13, and the two ends of the shank 12 may be provided with a fine thread 14. By alternately providing the thick threads 13 and the thin threads 14 on the nail shank 12, the holding force of the nail shank 12 is further enhanced, and the pelvic fracture site can be effectively fixed.

In some alternative embodiments, the main nail 1 is internally provided with a cavity 15, the cavity 15 extending through the main nail 1. The cavity 15 is arranged in the main nail 11, so that after the detachable screw is fixed by the front ring of the pelvis fracture, the pressure in the bone can be released by the cavity 15 at the pelvis fracture part, and the recovery of the pelvis fracture part is facilitated. In addition, the detachable screw for fixing the front ring of the pelvis fracture is guided by the kirschner wire which passes through the cavity 15, so that the fracture part can be accurately fixed. When the device is guided by the kirschner wire, the kirschner wire is firstly arranged in the fracture, then the main nail 1 and the nail barrel 2 penetrate through the kirschner wire, the detachable screw is fixed on the front ring of the pelvis fracture and is arranged in the position of the kirschner wire, and finally the kirschner wire is withdrawn. Meanwhile, the cavity 15 can be filled with fillers, so that the performance of the main nail 1 is improved, and the fracture recovery is facilitated.

To further illustrate the shank 12, in alternative embodiments, the side wall of the shank 12 at the end remote from the head 11 is provided with a plurality of injection holes 16, the injection holes 16 communicating with the cavity 15. After the main nail 1 is placed at the pelvic fracture, bone cement can be injected into the cavity 15 from the nail head 11, and the bone cement can enter the pelvic fracture through the injection hole 16, so that the restoration of the pelvic fracture is facilitated. Meanwhile, since the elderly generally suffer from osteoporosis, the degree of bone damage is severe when bone fracture occurs. The bone cement is put into the cavity 15, so that the mechanical strength of the main nail 1 can be improved, and postoperative rehabilitation of fracture is facilitated.

In some optional embodiments, the detachable screw for fixing the anterior ring of the pelvic fracture further comprises an inner screw 4; the inner wall of the nail barrel 2 is provided with a pressing thread 22, the inner screw 4 is connected with the nail barrel 2 through the pressing thread 22, and the limiting mechanism 3 is pressed between the inner screw 4 and the main nail 1. Specifically, after the main nail 1, the nail barrel 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 are connected to form the detachable fixed screw for the front ring of the pelvic fracture, in order to prevent the limiting mechanism 3 from being separated from the through hole 21, the main nail 1 is separated from the nail barrel 2, and the limiting mechanism 3 is firmly limited in the through hole 21 through the effect of the inner screw 4 and the nail barrel 2, so that the main nail 1 is ensured not to be separated from the nail barrel 2 by itself. In addition, when the detachable screws are fixed through the front ring of the pelvic fracture to form the internal fixing device, the connecting cross rod 5 can be pressed between the internal screws 4 and the limiting mechanism 3 by the internal screws 4.

The present embodiment further provides an internal fixation device, as shown in fig. 5, comprising a connecting cross bar 5 and at least two detachable pelvis fracture front ring fixation screws according to the above embodiments, wherein the detachable pelvis fracture front ring fixation screws are connected through the connecting cross bar 5. The connecting cross rod 5 is utilized to connect a plurality of detachable screws for fixing the front ring of the pelvis fracture together to form an internal fixing device, which can play a good role in fixing the fractured skeleton.

In some alternative embodiments, two opposite clamping grooves 23 are arranged on the side wall of the nail barrel 2 far away from the main nail 1, and the connecting cross rod 5 is clamped into the clamping grooves 23. Specifically, when the detachable screws are connected through the connecting cross rod 5 to fix a plurality of pelvis fracture front rings to form the internal fixing device, the connecting cross rod 5 can be clamped into the clamping groove 23, then the connecting cross rod 5 is pressed between the internal screw 4 and the limiting mechanism 3 through the internal screw 4, and the connecting cross rod 5 can pass through the clamping groove 23 to extend.

In order to further illustrate the limiting mechanism 3, in some alternative embodiments, a limiting groove 33 is formed on the end surface of the limiting mechanism 3 away from the main nail 1, and the connecting cross rod 5 is matched with the limiting groove 33. Because the limiting mechanism 3 is provided with the limiting groove 33 matched with the connecting cross rod 5, the connecting cross rod 5 can be well fixed. Meanwhile, the limiting mechanism 3 can also prevent the connecting cross rod 5 from being damaged when the inner screw 4 is screwed in and pressurized.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture which characterized in that includes: the nail comprises a main nail (1), a nail barrel (2) and a limiting mechanism (3);

the through hole (21) in the nail barrel (2) is in a step shape;

the nail head (11) of the main nail (1) is arranged in the nail barrel (2), the nail rod (12) of the main nail (1) penetrates out of the through hole (21), the limiting mechanism (3) is detachably connected in the nail barrel (2), and the limiting mechanism (3) is used for limiting the main nail (1) to rotate;

when the detachable screw is fixed by the pelvis fracture front ring, the limiting mechanism (3) is separated from the through hole (21), and the main screw (1) is separated from the screw barrel (2) after rotating for a preset angle.

2. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the head (11) is integral with the shank (12);

the length of the nail head (11) is smaller than that of one end, close to the main nail (1), of the through hole (21), the length of the nail head (11) is larger than that of one end, close to the main nail (1), of the through hole (21), and the width of the nail head (11) is smaller than that of one end, close to the main nail (1), of the through hole (21);

when the limiting mechanism (3) limits the main nail (1) to rotate, the nail head (11) forms a preset angle with one end, close to the main nail (1), of the through hole (21) in the nail barrel (2).

3. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that the limiting mechanism (3) comprises a support portion (31) and a limiting portion (32);

the two sides of the supporting part (31) are respectively integrated with the limiting part (32), and one end, far away from the supporting part (31), of the limiting part (32) is in a step shape.

4. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread on the shank (12) comprises a coarse thread (13) and a fine thread (14), the coarse thread (13) being close to the head (11) and the fine thread (14) being far from the head (11).

5. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the main nail (1) is internally provided with a cavity (15), said cavity (15) extending through the main nail (1).

6. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fracture according to claim 5, characterized in that the side wall of the end of the shank (12) remote from the head (11) is provided with a plurality of injection holes (16), the injection holes (16) communicating with the cavity (15).

7. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an inner screw (4);

the inner wall of the nail barrel (2) is provided with a pressing thread (22), the inner screw (4) is connected with the nail barrel (2) through the pressing thread (22), and the limiting mechanism (3) is pressed between the inner screw (4) and the main screw (1).

8. An internal fixation device, characterized in that it comprises a connecting cross-bar (5) and at least two detachable screws for anterior pelvic fracture fixation according to any one of claims 1-7, which are connected by the connecting cross-bar (5).

9. The internal fixation device according to claim 8, characterized in that the side wall of the nail barrel (2) far away from the main nail (1) is provided with two opposite clamping grooves (23), and the connecting cross rod (5) is clamped into the clamping grooves (23).

10. An internal fixation device as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein a limiting groove (33) is provided on the end surface of the limiting mechanism (3) away from the main nail (1), and the connecting cross bar (5) is matched with the limiting groove (33).

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