CN114209409A

CN114209409A - Detachable screw and internal fixing device for fixing front ring of pelvic fracture

Info

Publication number: CN114209409A
Application number: CN202111674188.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁永辉; 高俊梅; 顾锋; 冯丽丽; 韦兴
Original assignee: Aerospace Center Hospital
Current assignee: Aerospace Center Hospital
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2022-03-22

Abstract

The invention provides a detachable screw for fixing a pelvis fracture front ring and an internal fixing device, wherein the detachable screw for fixing the pelvis fracture front ring comprises: the nail comprises a main nail, a connecting nail and a nail barrel; the tail end of the connecting nail is fixedly connected with the head end of the nail barrel, and the head end of the connecting nail extends out of the nail barrel to be detachably connected with the tail end of the main nail. The internal fixing device comprises a connecting cross rod and at least two detachable fixed screws for the pelvis fracture front ring; the detachable screws for fixing the front ring of the pelvic fracture are connected through a connecting cross rod. The invention solves the problem that the rest part outside the main screw of the screw is difficult to take out for the patient with the internal fixing frame in the prior art. When the main nail is not required to be taken out, the other parts of the pelvis fracture front ring fixing detachable screws can be taken out, so that the discomfort of a patient after the operation is reduced.

Description

Detachable screw and internal fixing device for fixing front ring of pelvic fracture

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a detachable screw and an internal fixing device for fixing a pelvis fracture front ring.

Background

For senile fragile Anterior Pelvic Ring injury, currently, a Minimally Invasive percutaneous Anterior Pelvic Internal fixation (Minimally Invasive Anterior Pelvic Internal Ring Internal fixer) is generally adopted clinically. The most widely used and effective instrument in this procedure is called an internal fixation frame (INFIX). The internal fixing frame is designed primarily to stabilize the anterior pelvic ring, so that injury of the anterior pelvic ring, including pubic symphysis and pubic ramus fracture, is the best indication. Because the internal fixation frame is located abdomen pelvis the place ahead, subjective uncomfortable sense can appear in the patient of size emaciation, especially to sitting up the position, and the postoperative usually appears subjective uncomfortable sense and influences daily life, but should discomfortable sense disappear promptly after taking out the internal fixation frame. Therefore, after the fracture heals, the internal fixation frame should be removed by a secondary operation.

At present, a main nail of an internal fixing frame and a nail cap of a connecting cross rod are designed integrally, but the main nail needs to be kept in place for a long time for some special fractures, and the cross rod causes discomfort and needs to be taken out early. However, in the early stage after the pelvic anterior ring injury recovery operation, the degree of pelvic recovery is insufficient, and the screw is not easily removed except for the main nail.

Aiming at the problem that the rest part of the screw main nail is difficult to take out for a patient who installs the internal fixing frame in the prior art, an effective solution is not provided.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a detachable screw for fixing a front ring of pelvic fracture and an internal fixing device, so as to solve the problem that the rest part of a screw main nail is difficult to take out for a patient who is provided with an internal fixing frame in the prior art.

Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detachable screw for fixing an anterior ring of a pelvic fracture, comprising: the nail comprises a main nail, a connecting nail and a nail barrel;

the tail end of the connecting nail is fixedly connected with the head end of the nail barrel, and the head end of the connecting nail extends out of the nail barrel to be detachably connected with the tail end of the main nail.

Optionally, the connecting nail is in threaded connection with the main nail, and the connecting nail is in threaded connection with the nail barrel.

Optionally, the main nail is a cone, and a threaded hole matched with the connecting nail is formed in the center of the bottom end of the cone; and the main nail is provided with a fixing thread from the head end to the tail end.

Optionally, the fixing thread at the head end of the main nail is a coarse thread, and the fixing thread at the tail end of the main nail is a fine thread.

Optionally, a conical cavity is arranged inside the main nail, and the conical cavity is communicated with the threaded hole.

Optionally, the side wall of the head end of the main nail is provided with a plurality of injection holes.

In a second aspect of the invention, an internal fixation device is provided, which comprises a connecting cross bar and at least two detachable pelvis fracture front ring fixation screws according to any one of the first aspect, wherein the detachable pelvis fracture front ring fixation screws are connected through the connecting cross bar.

Optionally, the nail barrel is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the tail end of the nail barrel is provided with two opposite clamping grooves, and the connecting cross rod is clamped into the clamping grooves.

Optionally, further comprising an inner screw;

the inner wall of the nail barrel is provided with a pressing thread, the inner screw is connected with the nail barrel through the pressing thread, and the connecting cross rod is pressed between the inner screw and the connecting screw.

Optionally, a snap spring is arranged between the connecting cross rod and the connecting nail.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a detachable screw for fixing a front ring of pelvic fracture and an internal fixing device, and solves the problem that the rest part of a main screw of the screw is difficult to take out for a patient who is provided with an internal fixing frame in the prior art. When the main nail is not required to be taken out, the other parts of the pelvis fracture front ring fixing detachable screws can be taken out, so that the discomfort of a patient after the operation is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a detachable screw for fixing an anterior ring for pelvic fracture according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a coupling screw according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an internal fixation device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an inner screw according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamp spring according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present disclosure, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not shown in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention provides a detachable screw and an internal fixing device for fixing an anterior pelvic fracture ring, which can be used for postoperative fixation of pelvic anterior ring injury, such as the postoperative fixation of pubic ramus fracture. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a detachable screw for anterior ring fixation for pelvic fracture according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a detachable screw for anterior ring fixation for pelvic fracture according to the present invention, which comprises, as shown in fig. 1 and 2: the nail comprises a main nail 1, a connecting nail 2 and a nail barrel 3; the tail end of the connecting nail 2 is fixedly connected with the head end of the nail barrel 3, and the head end of the connecting nail 2 extends out of the nail barrel 3 to be detachably connected with the tail end of the main nail 1. Particularly, form the fixed screw of dismantling of complete pelvis fracture front ring after connecting main nail 1 and nail section of thick bamboo 3 through connecting nail 2, consequently, under the prerequisite of keeping main nail 1, can dismantle connecting nail 2 and nail section of thick bamboo 3, and then under the prerequisite that does not influence the patient and resume, can reduce patient's uncomfortable and feel.

The prior art screw for pelvic fracture has no detachable function, and usually adopts a mode that the main nail 1 and the nail barrel 3 are integrally formed, however, the screw formed in the mode cannot be used for partial fracture conditions. In the embodiment, a detachable screw for fixing the front ring of the pelvic fracture is designed, which is different from the prior art, and the connecting nail 2 and the nail barrel 3 can be taken out on the premise of keeping the main nail 1. This embodiment has been solved among the prior art to the patient of having installed the internal fixation frame, is difficult to take out the problem of main nail 1 outer remaining part, and then has reduced the uncomfortable sense of patient's postoperative.

In some alternative embodiments, the connection nail 2 is screwed with the main nail 1, and the connection nail 2 is screwed with the cartridge 3, as shown in fig. 3. The head end of the connecting nail 2 is provided with a first thread, the tail end of the main nail 1 is provided with a thread matched with the first thread, and the connecting nail 2 and the main nail 1 are in threaded connection through the first thread and the thread matched with the first thread; the tail end of the connecting nail 2 is provided with a second thread, the inner wall of the head end of the nail barrel 3 is provided with a thread matched with the second thread, and the connecting nail 2 and the nail barrel 3 are in threaded connection through the second thread and the thread matched with the second thread. Through the mode of connecting nail 2 and main nail 1 and a nail section of thick bamboo 3 spiro union for this fixed screw of dismantling of ring can realize the function of dismantling before the pelvis fracture, and then takes out connecting nail 2 and a nail section of thick bamboo 3 under the prerequisite of keeping main nail 1.

In some alternative embodiments, the connection nail 2 and the nail barrel 3 can be connected by a shaft pin. Two pin holes which are opposite to each other are arranged on the side wall of the tail end of the connecting nail 2, the two pin holes penetrate through the connecting nail 2, and two through holes which are matched with the pin holes are arranged on the side wall of the head end of the nail barrel 3; and inserting the tail end of the connecting nail 2 into the head end of the nail barrel 3, aligning the pin hole and the through hole, and then inserting the shaft pin, and fixedly connecting the connecting nail 2 and the nail barrel 3. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the connection of the connecting nail 2 with the main nail 1 and the cartridge 3 is not intended to limit the present invention, and other connection means are within the scope of the present invention.

For explaining the main nail 1, in some alternative embodiments, the main nail 1 is a cone, and a threaded hole 4 matched with the connecting nail 2 is formed in the center of the bottom end of the cone; the main nail 1 is provided with a fixing thread 5 from the head end to the tail end. Set up main nail 1 into the cone to set up screw hole 4 in the bottom of cone, can effectually reduce to set up screw hole 4 and to main 1 damage of nailing, can be better with be connected nail 2, and make the holistic volume reduction of main nail 1, and then reduce the damage to patient's pelvis. Meanwhile, the main nail 1 in the shape of a cone is more convenient to place the main nail 1 in the fracture of the pelvis of a patient.

To illustrate the fixing threads, in some alternative embodiments, the fixing threads 5 at the head end of the main nail 1 are coarse threads and the fixing threads 5 at the tail end of the main nail 1 are fine threads. Specifically, the coarse thread has high strength and good fixing performance; the fine thread has good sealing performance, and the anti-loosening performance of the fine thread is better than that of a coarse thread on the premise of not taking anti-loosening measures, but the strength of the fine thread is low. Therefore, the holding force of the main nail 1 can be effectively enhanced by providing the fixing thread 5 on the main nail 1 with a coarse thread and a fine thread. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the method of securing the thread setting is not intended to be limiting and that other types of setting methods are within the scope of the present invention. For example, the middle of the fixing thread 5 is provided with a coarse thread, and both ends of the fixing thread 5 are provided with a fine thread.

In order to further illustrate the main nail 1, in some alternative embodiments, a tapered cavity 9 is arranged inside the main nail 1, and the tapered cavity 9 is communicated with the threaded hole 4. The main nail 1 is internally provided with a conical cavity 9, so that a good pressure can be obtained at the fracture part of the pelvis. In addition, after the connecting nail 2 is internally provided with a cavity penetrating through the connecting nail 2, the detachable screw for fixing the pelvis fracture front ring can be guided in a guiding mode, and the fracture part can be accurately fixed. When the device is guided by the kirschner wire, the kirschner wire is firstly arranged in the fracture, then the main nail 1, the connecting nail 2 and the nail barrel 3 pass through the kirschner wire, the detachable screw for fixing the front ring of the pelvic fracture is arranged in the position of the kirschner wire, and finally the kirschner wire is withdrawn.

In some optional embodiments, the side wall of the head end of the main nail 1 is provided with a plurality of injection holes 10, after the main nail 1 is placed in the pelvic fracture, cement can be injected into the conical cavity 9 from the tail part of the main nail 1, and the cement can enter the pelvic fracture through the injection holes 10, so that the pelvic fracture can be recovered. Meanwhile, since the elderly generally suffer from osteoporosis, the degree of bone damage is severe when bone fracture occurs. Through putting into bone cement in main nail 1, can promote the mechanical strength of main nail 1, be favorable to the postoperative rehabilitation of fracture.

The present embodiment further provides an internal fixation device, as shown in fig. 4, comprising a connecting cross bar 6 and at least two detachable screws for fixing the anterior pelvic fracture ring according to the above embodiments, wherein the detachable screws for fixing the anterior pelvic fracture ring are connected by the connecting cross bar 6. The connecting cross rod 6 is utilized to connect a plurality of detachable screws for fixing the front ring of the pelvis fracture together to form an internal fixing device, which can well fix the fractured bone.

In some alternative embodiments, the nail barrel 3 is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the tail end of the nail barrel 3 is provided with two opposite clamping grooves 7, and the connecting cross rod 6 is clamped into the clamping grooves 7. Through the mode that sets up the draw-in groove at the tail end of nail section of thick bamboo 3, can dismantle the screw with connecting horizontal pole 6 joint with a plurality of pelvis fracture front ring fixings for connecting horizontal pole 6 can be dismantled from draw-in groove 7. When the connecting cross rod 6 is clamped into the clamping groove 7, two elastic protrusions are arranged on the groove wall in the clamping groove 7, the two elastic protrusions are symmetrical about the middle shaft of the clamping groove 7, the distance between each elastic protrusion and the bottom of the clamping groove 7 is larger than the diameter of the connecting cross rod 6, the elastic protrusions are extruded when the connecting cross rod 6 is clamped, and the connecting cross rod 6 is clamped into the clamping groove 7. Because the elastic bulge can only be extruded from one side far away from the bottom of the clamping groove 7, the connecting cross rod 6 can be firmly clamped in the clamping groove 7. When the connecting cross rod 6 needs to be detached, the elastic protrusions are extruded in a manual mode, so that the connecting cross rod 6 can be separated from the clamping grooves 7. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the manner of securing the connecting rail 6 by snapping is not intended to limit the invention and that other securing means are within the scope of the invention.

To illustrate the manner in which the cross bar 6 is fixedly connected when the resilient protrusions are not provided in the slots 7, in some alternative embodiments the internal fixation device further comprises internal screws 8, as shown in fig. 5; the inner wall of the nail barrel 3 is provided with a pressing thread, the inner screw 8 is connected with the nail barrel 3 through the pressing thread, and the connecting cross rod 6 is pressed between the inner screw 8 and the connecting nail 2. The connecting cross rod 6 is placed into the clamping groove 7, the inner screw 8 is screwed into the screw barrel 3 to tightly press the connecting cross rod 6, and the connecting cross rod is prevented from being separated from the clamping groove 7.

In some alternative embodiments, a snap spring 11 is arranged between the connecting cross rod 6 and the connecting nail 2, as shown in fig. 6. The clamp spring 11 is placed between the connecting cross rod 6 and the connecting nail 2, and the clamp spring 11 is provided with a groove matched with the connecting cross rod 6, so that the connecting cross rod 6 can be better fixed in the nail barrel. Meanwhile, the clamp spring 11 can also prevent the connecting cross rod 6 from being damaged when the inner screw 8 is screwed in and pressurized.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fixed screw of dismantling of ring before pelvis fracture which characterized in that includes: the nail comprises a main nail (1), a connecting nail (2) and a nail barrel (3);

the tail end of the connecting nail (2) is fixedly connected with the head end of the nail barrel (3), and the head end of the connecting nail (2) extends out of the nail barrel (3) to be detachably connected with the tail end of the main nail (1).

2. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fracture according to claim 1,

the connecting nail (2) is in threaded connection with the main nail (1), and the connecting nail (2) is in threaded connection with the nail barrel (3).

3. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fracture according to claim 2,

the main nail (1) is a cone, and the center of the bottom end of the cone is provided with a threaded hole (4) matched with the connecting nail (2); the main nail (1) is provided with a fixing thread (5) from the head end to the tail end.

4. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fracture according to claim 3,

the fixing thread (5) at the head end of the main nail (1) is a coarse thread, and the fixing thread (5) at the tail end of the main nail (1) is a fine thread.

5. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that the main nail (1) is internally provided with a conical cavity (9), the conical cavity (9) communicating with the threaded hole (4).

6. The detachable screw for anterior ring fixation of pelvic fracture according to claim 5, characterized in that the side wall of the head end of the main nail (1) is provided with a plurality of injection holes (10).

7. An internal fixation device, characterized in that it comprises a connecting cross-bar (6) and at least two detachable screws for anterior pelvic fracture fixation according to any one of claims 1-6, which are connected by the connecting cross-bar (6).

8. The internal fixation device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the nail barrel (3) is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the tail end of the nail barrel (3) is provided with two opposite clamping grooves (7), and the connecting cross rod (6) is clamped into the clamping grooves (7).

9. An internal fixation device according to claim 8, further comprising an internal screw (8);

the inner wall of the nail barrel (3) is provided with a pressing thread, the inner screw (8) is connected with the nail barrel (3) through the pressing thread, and the connecting cross rod (6) is pressed between the inner screw (8) and the connecting screw (2).

10. An internal fixation device according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that a snap spring (11) is arranged between the connecting rail (6) and the connecting peg (2).