CN217112150U - Explosion experimental device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an explosion experimental device, which comprises a high-speed photographic camera, a data processing device, a super-dynamic strain acquisition instrument and an explosion loading device; the high-speed photographic camera and the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument are respectively and electrically connected with the data processing device, and the explosion loading device can be arranged on the test piece; a plurality of groups of strain gauges are mounted on the test piece and are respectively and electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument through a bridge box, so that the change relation of strain of each measuring point under the action of explosive stress along with time is measured, and the attenuation relation of explosive stress waves in a test material is represented; the lens of the high-speed photographic camera faces the stripes on the test piece and can collect the displacement of the stripes during explosion; the utility model provides a scheme can carry out one-dimensional explosion stress loading to the material, can obtain under the one-dimensional explosion stress loading state, the dynamic stress of each point in the material, the change state of meeting an emergency.

Description

Explosion experimental device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the experiment of explosion test, concretely relates to explosion experimental apparatus.

Background

The effect of the explosive explosion on an exploded object caused by the short-duration and steep-rise dynamic load is a scientific problem which is difficult to calculate accurately. In blasting engineering of coal mine roadways and urban tunnels in China, most blasting processes are large-dose, multi-blast-hole and multi-delay blasting processes, and damage of blasted objects under complex blasting dynamic load and damage of surrounding rocks cannot be accurately calculated and evaluated. At the present stage, the research on the dynamic mechanical properties of the material under the strong dynamic load is mainly divided into an outdoor explosion test, an indoor SHPB test, an air cannon test, a Taylor impact test and the like, and the methods have advantages and disadvantages; the field explosion test can simulate the field reality to obtain the experimental data closer to the reality, but the strain, the particle displacement speed and the boundary stress of the material can not be observed at the same time, and the complexity of the field experimental material also causes the discrete serious of the experimental data; the method has the advantages that the standard test piece is adopted to carry out indoor SHPB experiments and the like, so that the results of the traditional blasting experiments are improved, but the explosive blasting products in engineering blasting comprise the sequential action forms of the explosive stress fluctuation action and the explosive gas static action, the experiment method only considers the action time and the intensity of stress waves, ignores the gas wedge action of the explosive gas on explosive fractures and cannot represent the influence of the uncoupled action of the explosive gas and blast holes during blasting; for the explosive material, the chemical reaction explosion of the explosive does not apply simple stress action, and it is very important to obtain the complete stress-strain relationship of the material under the explosive action.

Based on the technical problems existing in the explosion experiment, no relevant solution is provided; there is therefore a pressing need to find effective solutions to the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the weak point that exists in the above-mentioned technique, provide an explosion experimental apparatus, aim at solving the problem of current explosion experiment test.

The utility model provides an explosion experimental device, which comprises a high-speed photographic camera, a data processing device, a hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument and an explosion loading device; the high-speed photographic camera and the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument are respectively and electrically connected with the data processing device, so that data transmission is realized; a plurality of groups of strain gauges are adhered on the test piece and are respectively and electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument through a bridge box, so that the change relation of strain of each measuring point along with time under the action of explosive stress is measured, and the attenuation relation of explosive stress waves in a test material is represented; a plurality of groups of stripes are sprayed on the surface of the test piece; the lens of the high-speed photographic camera faces the stripes on the test piece and can collect the displacement of the stripes when the explosion loading device explodes the test piece.

Furthermore, the test piece is arranged along the vertical direction, a plurality of groups of black and white zebra stripes are sprayed on the surface of the test piece along the vertical direction, the high-speed camera is positioned on one side of the zebra stripes, the bottom of the test piece is connected with the transmission rod, the bottom of the transmission rod is arranged on the energy absorption device, and the explosion loading device is arranged at the top of the test piece; the zebra stripes and the transmission rods are respectively provided with strain gauges, and the stress change process of the tail end of the experimental material is inversely calculated by measuring the strain of the strain gauges and is used as the stress boundary condition of the material.

Further, the explosion loading device comprises a blocking cover and a base, wherein a cavity is arranged in the base and extends to the upper end face of the base along the vertical direction; the blocking cover can be placed in the cavity and blocks the cavity; the cavity bottom is used for holding the explosive, and the cover is equipped with the rubber circle on the side of shutoff lid, and the external diameter of rubber circle is greater than the internal diameter of cavity to make the shutoff lid hang through the rubber circle and establish in the cavity.

Furthermore, a smoke vent is arranged on the side wall of the base and is communicated with the cavity and the outside along the horizontal direction; a gasket is arranged inside the cavity and used for containing explosives; the bottom of the base is provided with an installation groove, and the base is arranged at the top of the transmission rod through the installation groove; the rubber ring can be covered at the shutoff and remove to adjust the shutoff lid and stretch into the degree of depth in the cavity, and then change the size in powder charge space, through the proportion of control powder charge space and powder charge, can realize the influence of different coupling degrees to explosion stress.

Further, the gasket can separate the explosive from the test piece, so that the complex stress generated by explosion is simplified into one-dimensional stress acting on the surface of the test piece; the thickness of the shim can be varied to achieve different pulse widths and stress loading times.

Furthermore, the energy absorption device comprises a chassis which is of a steel sleeve structure, and a rubber pad is arranged in the chassis; the inner diameter of the chassis is 51mm, and the height of the chassis is 40 mm; the blocking cover, the test piece, the transmission rod and the chassis are positioned on one axis; one end of the transmission rod is smeared with vaseline and is smoothly connected with the test piece.

Further, the multiple groups of strain gauges include a first group of strain gauges, a second group of strain gauges, a third group of strain gauges and a fourth group of strain gauges, and the first group of strain gauges, the second group of strain gauges, the third group of strain gauges and the fourth group of strain gauges are arranged on two sides of the zebra stripes at intervals of 50mm in the vertical direction; the transmission rod is also provided with a fifth group of strain gauges; the first group of strain gauges, the second group of strain gauges, the third group of strain gauges, the fourth group of strain gauges and the fifth group of strain gauges are respectively connected into a bridge box in a half-bridge connection mode, and the bridge box is electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument through a lead.

Further, the test piece is made of cylindrical red sandstone, the diameter of the test piece is phi 50mm, and the height of the test piece is 400 mm; the transmission rod is a steel rod, the diameter of the steel rod is 50mm, and the height of the steel rod is 300 mm; the transmission rod is smoothly and flatly connected with the test piece; the distance between adjacent zebra stripes is 2 mm; each group of strain gauges includes two strain gauges, and two strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the test piece.

The utility model provides a pair of explosion experimental apparatus has realized carrying out one-dimensional explosion stress loading to the material, solves the produced smog of light measurement in-process explosion and seriously influences the unfavorable effect of observing the visual field, can obtain under the one-dimensional explosion stress loading state, the dynamic stress of each point in the material, the change state of meeting an emergency.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an explosion experimental device of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the explosive loading device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B of fig. 2 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a high-speed photographic camera; 2. a data processing device; 3. a hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument; 4. A signal line; 5. an explosive loading device; 51. a blocking cover; 52. a smoke vent; 53. a base; 54. a rubber ring; 55. an explosive; 56. mounting grooves; 6. a first set of strain gages; 7. a second set of strain gages; 8. A third set of strain gages; 9. a fourth set of strain gauges; 10. a transmission rod; 11. a fifth group of strain gauges; 12. An energy absorbing device; 13. a test piece; 14. a first bridge box; 15. a second bridge box; 16. a third bridge cassette; 17. a fourth bridge box; 18. and a fifth bridge box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides an explosion experimental device, which is used for observing and calculating the dynamic strength of a material under the loading of one-dimensional explosion stress; specifically, the experimental device comprises a high-speed photographic camera 1, a data processing device 2, a hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 and an explosion loading device 5; the high-speed photographic camera 1 and the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 are respectively and electrically connected with the data processing device 2, so that data transmission is realized; a plurality of groups of strain gauges are adhered on the test piece 13, and the change relation of the strain of each measuring point under the action of the explosion stress along with the time can be measured through the strain gauges which are adhered to the test piece 13 at equal intervals; the multiple groups of strain gauges are respectively and electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 through the bridge box, so that the change relation of the strain of each measuring point under the action of the explosive stress along with the time is measured, and the attenuation relation of the explosive stress wave in the test material is represented; a plurality of groups of stripes are sprayed on the surface of the test piece 13; the lens of the high-speed photographic camera 1 faces the stripes on the test piece 13 and can collect the displacement of the stripes when the explosion loading device 5 explodes the test piece 13; by adopting the scheme, the change states of the dynamic stress and the strain of each point in the material under the one-dimensional explosive stress loading state can be obtained.

Preferably, in combination with the above solution, the explosion loading device 5 can be mounted on the test piece 13 so as to load the test piece 13 during the explosion.

Preferably, with the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece 13 is arranged in the vertical direction, the surface of the test piece 13 is sprayed with a plurality of sets of black-and-white zebra stripes spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, and the verification means for measuring the strain by the strain gauge electrically is assisted by spraying the black-and-white zebra stripes at equal intervals for pixel calculation, that is, when an explosion test is performed, the displacement of the stripes is observed by a high-speed photography method, and the change relationship of the speed of the mass point at different positions along with time is calculated; specifically, the high-speed photographic camera 1 is positioned on one side of the zebra stripes, the bottom of the test piece 13 is connected with the transmission rod 10, the bottom of the transmission rod 10 is arranged on the energy absorption device 12, and the explosion loading device 5 is arranged on the top of the test piece 13; furthermore, strain gauges are respectively arranged on the zebra stripes and the transmission rod 10, and the stress change process of the tail end of the experimental material is back calculated by measuring the strain of the strain gauges and is used as the stress boundary condition of the material; furthermore, the type of the strain gauge adopts BE120-2AA (11) -P400, 4 groups of strain gauges are attached to the cylindrical surface of the test piece in pairs along the axial direction, the total number of the strain gauges is 8, and the distance between every two adjacent strain gauges is 50 mm.

Preferably, with the above scheme, the spraying of black-and-white zebra stripes on the surface of the test piece specifically comprises: firstly, wiping off redundant dust, dirt and the like on the surface of a test piece, spraying matte white primer on the cylindrical surface of the red sandstone test piece, and then keeping the painted test piece horizontally placed for at least 6 hours until the primer is completely condensed; then, nylon strapping tapes with the width of 2mm are used for annularly and horizontally binding around the cylindrical surface of the test piece, the distance between every two adjacent strapping tapes is 2mm, and the adjacent strapping tapes are parallel to each other and tightened as much as possible; finally, spraying matte black paint on the bundled test pieces, similarly, transversely placing for more than 6 hours until the black paint is completely condensed, and taking down the strapping tape to form parallel black-white stripes with the same black-white alternate width. In the scheme, black and white 'zebra stripes' are sprayed on the surface of the test piece, when an explosion test is carried out, the displacement of the stripes is observed by a high-speed photographing method, the change relation of the speed of particles at different positions along with time is calculated, compared with the traditional speckles, the novel stripes can more intuitively and obviously see that the particle speeds of the axial near zone and the axial far zone of the test piece are different under the photographing of a high-speed photographing camera 1, and the speed-time field formed by Lagrange points on the test piece can be obtained through the speed obtained by later-stage calculation.

Preferably, in combination with the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the explosion loading device 5 includes a blocking cover 51 and a base 53, a cavity is provided in the base 53, and the cavity extends to the upper end face of the base 53 along the vertical direction; specifically, the base 53 is a cup-shaped structure, the height of the cup-shaped structure is 55mm, and the inner diameter of the cavity of the cup-shaped structure is 52 mm; the blocking cover 51 is of a cylindrical structure and can be placed in the cavity to block the cavity to form a charging space; the bottom of the cavity is used for containing explosive 55, a rubber ring 54 is sleeved on the side surface of the plugging cover 51, and the outer diameter of the rubber ring 54 is larger than the inner diameter of the cavity, so that the plugging cover 51 can be hung in the cavity through the rubber ring 54; specifically, the rubber ring 54 can be tightly attached to the plugging cover 51 so that the plugging cover does not completely fall into the base, and the diameter of the rubber ring 54 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the base 53 and is of a circular ring structure; in the above solution, the base 53 is used in combination with the blocking cover 51 to make the explosive explode in a relatively closed space, so that a relatively flat plane stress wave can be obtained compared with the exposed detonation and the borehole detonation, and the decoupling coefficient in the actual blast hole is simulated.

Preferably, in combination with the above solutions, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the side wall of the base 53 is provided with the smoke discharge hole 52, the smoke discharge hole 52 is communicated with the cavity and the outside along the horizontal direction, the design of the smoke discharge hole 52 on the base restricts the discharge path of the explosive gas, thereby reasonably solving the adverse effect of the gas on the field of view of the high-speed camera and the adverse effect of the smoke generated by explosion in the optical measurement process seriously affecting the observation field of view; meanwhile, the detonating cord can be communicated into the cavity through the smoke exhaust hole 52; furthermore, a gasket is arranged in the cavity, the gasket divides the interior of the cavity into an upper part and a lower part, the distance between the gasket and the lower edge is 5mm, the thickness of the gasket is adjustable, specifically, the gasket is used for containing explosives, the explosive stress intensity is changed by adjusting the thickness and the explosive loading space of the gasket, and the explosive stress is transmitted to an experimental material after the explosives are detonated, so that one-dimensional stress loading is realized; the method specifically comprises the following steps: different explosion stress loading is realized by changing the explosive type and the explosive loading amount; further, the bottom of the base 53 is provided with a mounting groove 56, and the base 53 is mounted on the top of the transmission rod 10 through the mounting groove 56; the rubber ring 54 can move on the plugging cover 51, so that the depth of the plugging cover 51 extending into the cavity is adjusted, the size of the explosive charging space is changed, and the influence of different coupling degrees on the explosion stress can be realized by controlling the proportion of the explosive charging space to the explosive charging amount; the rubber pad is used for connecting the detonating cord through the smoke outlet, placing the detonating cord on the gasket of the base and fixing the detonating cord to realize safe detonating; by adopting the scheme, the influence of different coupling degrees on the explosion stress is realized by controlling the proportion of the charging space and the charging amount; by changing the thickness of the gasket, the explosion stress wave is shaped, the adverse effect of the air wedge effect is avoided, the complex stress wave form generated by explosion is simplified to act on the test material, and different pulse widths and stress loading time are realized; the design of the smoke outlet solves the adverse effect of explosion smoke on the high-speed photography view field.

Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the spacer can separate the explosive 55 from the test piece 13, so as to simplify the complex stress generated by explosion into a one-dimensional stress acting on the surface of the test piece 13; the thickness of the shim can be varied to achieve different pulse widths and stress loading times.

Preferably, in combination with the above solutions, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the energy absorption device 12 includes a chassis, the chassis is of a steel sleeve structure, and a rubber pad is disposed in the chassis; the inner diameter of the chassis is 51mm, and the height of the chassis is 40 mm; the plugging cover 51, the test piece 13, the transmission rod 10 and the chassis are positioned on one axis; one end of the transmission rod 10 is smeared with vaseline and is smoothly connected with the test piece 13.

Preferably, in combination with the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the multiple sets of strain gauges include a first set of strain gauges 6, a second set of strain gauges 7, a third set of strain gauges 8 and a fourth set of strain gauges 9, and the first set of strain gauges 6, the second set of strain gauges 7, the third set of strain gauges 8 and the fourth set of strain gauges 9 are arranged on two sides of the zebra stripes at intervals of 50mm in the vertical direction; the transmission rod 10 is also provided with a fifth group of strain gauges 11; the first group of strain gauges 6, the second group of strain gauges 7, the third group of strain gauges 8, the fourth group of strain gauges 9 and the fifth group of strain gauges 11 are respectively connected into a bridge box in a half-bridge connection mode, and the bridge box is electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 through a lead.

Preferably, with reference to the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece 13 is made of a cylindrical red sandstone material, the diameter of the test piece 13 is Φ 50mm, and the height of the test piece 13 is 400 mm; further, the transmission rod 10 is a steel rod, the diameter of the steel rod is 50mm, and the height of the steel rod is 300 mm; the transmission rod 10 and the test piece 13 are in smooth butt joint, and the dynamic strain data of the metal transmission rod inversely calculates the change process of the boundary stress at the end of the material in the loading process; further, the distance between adjacent zebra stripes is 2 mm; each group of strain gauges comprises two strain gauges, and the two strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the test piece 13.

Correspondingly, in combination with the above solutions, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention further provides a one-dimensional explosion stress experimental method, which is a specific experimental implementation process of the above experimental apparatus; the experimental method comprises the following processes:

s1, erecting an explosion experimental device: the transmission rod 10 is installed on the energy absorption device 12 along the vertical direction, the test piece 13 is wiped clean, and then a plurality of groups of black-white zebra stripes are sprayed, and clear boundaries can be observed among the black-white zebra stripes from the pixel level; then connecting the test piece 13 to the transmission rod 10 along the vertical direction, and finally installing the explosion loading device 5 on the top of the test piece 13 to ensure that the blocking cover 51, the test piece 13, the transmission rod 10 and the energy absorption device 12 of the explosion loading device 5 are positioned on one axis; specifically, the transmission rod 10 is placed in a chassis of the energy absorption device 12, a certain amount of vaseline is smeared at the upper end of the transmission rod 10, the test piece 13 is placed on the transmission rod, the lower end face of the test piece 13 is guaranteed to be in smooth and flat connection with the upper end face of the transmission rod 10, the explosion loading device is placed at the upper end of time, the blocking cover is taken down, and the system is guaranteed to be located on the same axis;

s2, assembling the optical measurement system: erecting a high-speed photographic camera 1 at a distance of 50cm to 100cm from the test piece 13, wherein the preferred distance is 75 cm; the lens of the high-speed photographic camera 1 is right opposite to the zebra stripes on the test piece 13; moreover, illuminating lamps are erected at proper positions on two sides of the test piece 13, and the acrylic plates are required to be properly protected; adjusting the height and position of the high-speed camera 1, adjusting the focal length and aperture of the lens of the high-speed camera 1, and adjusting the shooting frame rate of the high-speed camera 1, so that zebra stripes can be clearly observed in the field of view of the high-speed camera 1 and are displayed on a computer terminal;

s3, assembling an electrical measurement system: arranging a plurality of groups of strain gauges on zebra stripes of a test piece 13 respectively along the vertical direction at intervals, arranging a group of strain gauges on a transmission rod 10, connecting each group of strain gauges into a bridge box in a half-bridge connection mode, electrically connecting each bridge box with a channel of a hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 through a lead, adjusting parameters of the hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 to ensure that each channel and the corresponding strain gauge are in a normal working state, and connecting the hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument 3 into a computer terminal to acquire experimental data; specifically, four groups of strain gauges are arranged on the zebra stripes of the test piece 13, and the four groups of strain gauges and one group of strain gauges on the transmission rod 10 are respectively connected to five channels of the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument through five bridge boxes;

s4, charging and testing: the detonating cord is connected to a rubber gasket through a smoke vent 52 on a base 53 of the explosive loading device 5, the rubber gasket is arranged in a cavity of the base 53, a preset amount of explosive 55 is poured on the gasket, and the height of a rubber ring 54 on a blocking cover 51 of the explosive loading device 5 is adjusted according to the coupling degree required by experimental design, so that the blocking cover 51 is covered above the base 53; evacuating the surrounding crowd, connecting the detonating cord to the detonator, and turning on the switch after the detonator is charged to finish the explosion process; furthermore, the rubber gasket is actually of a circular ring structure, and aims to press the detonating cord in the base to enable the detonating cord to be fixed in the explosive, and the detonating cord is easy to expose without the rubber gasket, so that the explosive is not detonated;

s5, short-circuit the detonating cord, store the image data shot by the high-speed camera 1 and the strain data obtained by the ultra-dynamic acquisition instrument, disassemble the test piece 13, and perform the next set of test or stop the test according to the operation.

Preferably, in combination with the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the experimental method specifically includes:

in step S4: the gasket can separate the explosive 55 from the test piece 13, so that the complex stress generated by explosion is simplified into one-dimensional stress acting on the surface of the test piece 13, and different pulse widths and stress loading time can be realized by changing the thickness of the gasket;

in step S4: by measuring a plurality of groups of strain gauges on the test piece 13, the change relation of the strain of each test point under the action of the explosion stress along with the time is measured so as to represent the attenuation relation of the explosion stress wave in the test material; and the strain of the strain gauge in the transmission rod 10 is measured to back calculate the stress variation process of the tail end of the experimental material, and the stress variation process is used as the stress boundary condition of the material;

in step S4: through adjusting rubber circle 54 and reciprocating at shutoff lid 51 to adjust the degree of depth that shutoff lid 51 stretched into the cavity, and then change the size in powder charge space, through the proportion of control powder charge space and powder charge volume, can realize the influence of different coupling degree to explosion stress.

Preferably, with reference to the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in step S1, the step of spraying black and white zebra stripes on the surface of the test piece 13 includes:

s11: firstly, cleaning redundant dust on the surface of a test piece of the red sandstone, spraying matte white primer on the cylindrical surface of the test piece, and then keeping the test piece with the paint horizontally placed for at least six hours until the primer is completely condensed;

s12: then, nylon strapping tapes with the width of 2mm are used for annularly and horizontally binding around the cylindrical surface of the test piece, the distance between every two adjacent strapping tapes is 2mm, and every two adjacent strapping tapes are parallel and tightened;

s13: finally, spraying matte black paint on the bundled test pieces, and horizontally placing the test pieces for more than six hours in the same way, and taking down the strapping tape to form parallel black-white stripes with the same black-white alternate width after the black paint is completely condensed;

in the scheme, black and white 'zebra stripes' are sprayed on the surface of the test piece, when an explosion test is carried out, the displacement of the stripes is observed by a high-speed photographing method, the change relation of the speed of particles at different positions along with time is calculated, compared with the traditional speckles, the novel stripes can more intuitively and obviously see that the particle speeds of the axial near zone and the axial far zone of the test piece are different under the photographing of a high-speed photographing camera 1, and the speed-time field formed by Lagrange points on the test piece can be obtained through the speed obtained by later-stage calculation.

The utility model provides a pair of explosion experimental apparatus and one-dimensional explosion stress experimental method has realized carrying out one-dimensional explosion stress loading to the material, solves the produced smog of light measurement in-process explosion and seriously influences the unfavorable effect of observing the visual field, can obtain under the one-dimensional explosion stress loading state, the dynamic stress of each point, the change state of meeting an emergency in the material.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. The technical solutions of the present invention can be used by anyone skilled in the art to make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or to modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An explosion experimental device is characterized by comprising a high-speed photographic camera (1), a data processing device (2), a hyper-dynamic strain acquisition instrument (3) and an explosion loading device (5); the high-speed photographic camera (1) and the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument (3) are respectively and electrically connected with the data processing device (2); a plurality of groups of strain gauges are mounted on the test piece (13), and are respectively and electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument (3) through a bridge box; a plurality of groups of stripes are sprayed on the surface of the test piece (13); the lens of the high-speed photographic camera (1) faces the stripes on the test piece (13) and can acquire the displacement of the stripes when the explosion loading device (5) explodes the test piece (13).

2. The explosion experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the test piece (13) is arranged in a vertical direction, a plurality of groups of black and white zebra stripes are sprayed on the surface of the test piece (13) in the vertical direction, the high-speed photographic camera (1) is positioned on one side of the zebra stripes, the bottom of the test piece (13) is connected with a transmission rod (10), the bottom of the transmission rod (10) is arranged on the energy absorption device (12), and the explosion loading device (5) is arranged on the top of the test piece (13); strain gauges are respectively arranged on the zebra stripes and the transmission rods (10), and the stress change process of the tail end of the experimental material is inversely calculated by measuring the strain of the strain gauges and is used as the stress boundary condition of the material.

3. The explosion experimental apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the explosion loading device (5) comprises a blocking cover (51) and a base (53), a cavity is arranged in the base (53), and the cavity extends to the upper end face of the base (53) along the vertical direction; the blocking cover (51) can be placed in the cavity and blocks the cavity; the cavity bottom is used for holding explosive (55), the cover is equipped with rubber circle (54) on the side of shutoff lid (51), the external diameter of rubber circle (54) is greater than the internal diameter of cavity, thereby makes shutoff lid (51) can pass through rubber circle (54) are hung and are located in the cavity.

4. The explosion experimental device according to claim 3, wherein a smoke vent (52) is arranged on the side wall of the base (53), and the smoke vent (52) is communicated with the cavity and the outside along the horizontal direction; a gasket is arranged inside the cavity and used for containing explosives; the bottom of the base (53) is provided with a mounting groove (56), and the base (53) is mounted at the top of the transmission rod (10) through the mounting groove (56); rubber circle (54) can remove on shutoff lid (51), thereby adjust shutoff lid (51) stretch into degree of depth in the cavity, and then change the size in powder charge space, through the proportion of control powder charge space and powder charge volume, can realize the influence of different coupling degree to explosion stress.

5. The explosion testing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said spacer is capable of spacing said explosive charge (55) from said test piece (13) so as to reduce the complex stresses generated by the explosion to one-dimensional stresses acting on the surface of said test piece (13); the thickness of the shim can be varied to achieve different pulse widths and stress loading times.

6. The explosion experimental apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said energy absorption device (12) comprises a chassis, said chassis is of a steel sleeve structure, and a rubber pad is arranged in said chassis; the inner diameter of the chassis is 51mm, and the height of the chassis is 40 mm; the blocking cover (51), the test piece (13), the transmission rod (10) and the chassis are positioned on one axis; one end of the transmission rod (10) is smeared with vaseline and is smoothly connected with the test piece (13).

7. The explosion experiment device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of sets of strain gauges include a first set of strain gauges (6), a second set of strain gauges (7), a third set of strain gauges (8) and a fourth set of strain gauges (9), and the first set of strain gauges (6), the second set of strain gauges (7), the third set of strain gauges (8) and the fourth set of strain gauges (9) are arranged on both sides of the zebra stripes at intervals of 50mm in a vertical direction; a fifth group of strain gauges (11) are further arranged on the transmission rod (10); the strain gauge comprises a first group of strain gauges (6), a second group of strain gauges (7), a third group of strain gauges (8), a fourth group of strain gauges (9) and a fifth group of strain gauges (11), wherein the fourth group of strain gauges and the fifth group of strain gauges are respectively connected with a bridge box in a half-bridge connection mode, and the bridge box is electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain acquisition instrument (3) through a lead.

8. The explosion experimental apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said transmission rod (10) is a steel rod having a diameter of 50mm and a height of 300 mm; the transmission rod (10) is in smooth butt joint with the test piece (13); the distance between every two adjacent zebra stripes is 2 mm; each group of strain gauges comprises two strain gauges, and the two strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the test piece (13).

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