CN108398342B - Acoustic emission testing device for rock mass in high confining pressure unloading and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Acoustic emission testing device for rock mass in high confining pressure unloading and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398342B CN108398342B CN201810167062.XA CN201810167062A CN108398342B CN 108398342 B CN108398342 B CN 108398342B CN 201810167062 A CN201810167062 A CN 201810167062A CN 108398342 B CN108398342 B CN 108398342B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic emission testing device of a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading and an operation method thereof. In addition, the device solves the problems that in a high confining pressure circular impact test, a sensor is inconvenient to assemble and disassemble and is easily damaged by confining pressure and impact load, effectively simulates the alternative action of blasting impact and confining pressure unloading, more accurately simulates the actual working state of a rock material, and more applicable rock material dynamic parameters are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mechanics tests and acoustic emission monitoring, in particular to an acoustic emission testing device and an operating method thereof for a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading, which are widely applied to indoor acoustic emission tests of a failure mode, a failure mechanism and a damage evolution rule of the rock mass in the high confining pressure unloading process after the impact load action.
Background
In recent years, with the demand of social development, the burial depth of the engineering rock mass is also increasing, and the deep rock mass is under the environmental condition of high surrounding rock stress. In a high ground stress environment, the property of an engineering rock body is converted from brittleness to ductility, and is converted from ductility to brittleness in an excavation unloading process, so that elastic energy stored in the rock body is easily released suddenly in the surrounding rock unloading process, brittle failure phenomena such as rock body splitting, collapse and the like are generated, and even rock burst causes great threat to the safety of engineering.
At present, a drilling and blasting method is a main construction mode for underground engineering excavation, in the blasting construction process of deep rock mass engineering, rock masses near a working face are often in frequent blasting power disturbance, and the power disturbance can be simplified into typical impact load. In engineering, on one hand, blasting impact load is utilized to achieve efficient rock breaking, induced cracking, improvement of air permeability of a deep rock body and the like, and on the other hand, the impact load can change mechanical characteristics and structural characteristics of the rock body. In conclusion, the research on the damage mechanism of the rock material under the action of the impact load in the high confining pressure unloading process has very important engineering significance.
The separated Hopkinson pressure bar is the most important test device for researching the mechanical property of a material under high strain rate, the test principle is that a bullet impacts to generate pulse waves, the pulse waves enter a test block through an incident bar, one part of the pulse waves are reflected back to the incident bar, the other part of the pulse waves enter a transmission bar through the test block, and the dynamic stress strain parameters of the material are calculated through strain pulses recorded by a strain gauge on an elastic bar. At present, in the indoor test research, the simulation research of the blasting excavation process of the deep rock mass is realized by mainly applying a separated Hopkinson pressure bar to simulate blasting impact load and adding a confining pressure device to the separated Hopkinson pressure bar to exert a high ground stress effect.
Meanwhile, the acoustic emission detection technology is a main means for researching rock mass unloading failure mode, failure mechanism and damage evolution law. Deformation and crack propagation of rock materials under stress are important mechanisms of structural failure, and the generation and development of internal cracks are accompanied by energy release and generation of transient elastic waves, namely acoustic emission phenomenon. The principle of acoustic emission detection is that a detector converts mechanical vibration of a material generated by stress waves into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is amplified and then processed and recorded. The acoustic emission detection technology can be used for dynamically monitoring the generation and development of cracks in the rock material and comprehensively evaluating the structural characteristics and the damage form of the rock material.
When carrying out acoustic emission and detecting time measuring accurate effective for guaranteeing test data, need pass through couplant coupling and fixed with acoustic emission sensor and the piece that awaits measuring, however at high confined pressure disconnect-type hopkinson depression bar circulation impact test in-process, acoustic emission sensor can take place to damage under high surrounding rock pressure and instantaneous impact load effect, and the piece that waits to test is installed again in the confined pressure device simultaneously, consequently is difficult to carry out acoustic emission sensor's repeated installation and dismantlement. In conclusion, after the existing device cannot effectively expand the action of cyclic impact load, the research work of the damage mechanism of the rock body in the high confining pressure unloading process is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an acoustic emission testing device for rock mass in high confining pressure unloading, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an acoustic emission testing arrangement of rock mass in high confining pressure uninstallation, includes acoustic emission sensor, preamplifier, coaxial cable, protecting sheathing, ring B, rubber circle, tenon, ring A, connecting rod, mortise, quarter butt, bolt, nut, buckle and sensor protection device, its characterized in that: the acoustic emission sensor is fixedly arranged in a groove of the protective shell, and the acoustic emission sensor is exposed out of the detection surface;
the coaxial cable is connected with the acoustic emission sensor and the preamplifier and is led out through a wire outlet hole at the bottom of the protective shell, the preamplifier is fixedly arranged on a clamping groove on the inner wall of the sensor protective device, and the sensor protective device is of a mounting structure with two halves spliced;
two short rods are respectively fixed at two ends of a confining pressure device of the separated Hopkinson pressure bar, a short rod reserved hole capable of being inserted with a bolt is reserved at each rod end of each short rod, two mortises are uniformly distributed on the ring A, two connecting rods extend out of one side of the ring A, connecting rod reserved holes capable of being inserted with bolts are reserved at each rod end of each connecting rod, the connecting rods are connected with the short rods through the bolts, nuts are mounted on the bolts, installation of the rotating device is completed, two mortises are arranged on the ring B, a rubber ring is embedded in the middle of the ring B, four tenons are uniformly distributed on the ring B, and the shape, size and position of each tenon correspond to each mortise;
the sensor protection device is fixedly installed in the rubber ring, and the tenons are inserted into mortises of the circular ring A in a one-to-one correspondence mode, so that the telescopic device is assembled.
As a further scheme of the invention: the grooves are arranged according to the shape and the size of the acoustic emission sensor.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and rubber materials are filled in the wire outlet holes to play a role in sealing and protecting.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the connecting rod is rotatable state when the nut is not screwed up, and the connecting rod is fixed state after the nut is screwed up.
As a still further scheme of the invention: when the connecting rod rotates upwards to be in the vertical direction, the circle center of the circular ring A is located on the central axis of the test block.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the sensor protection device is inserted into the rubber ring and exposes the detection end of the rubber ring.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the surface of the tenon is flat and smooth, the mortise restricts the radial displacement and the rotation of the circular ring B, and the tenon is in sliding connection in the mortise.
As a still further scheme of the invention: still include two buckles of can dismantling the connection with the tenon, when stretching into confining pressure device to the sense terminal of sensor protection device and detecting the test block, two buckles press from both sides tightly respectively on the tenon of both sides.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the buckle includes the plastic part of two symmetries, the shape of buckle is for being the incomplete annular that the central angle is less than 180, the rampart of buckle is filled with rubber materials, the both sides of buckle respectively have the extension section, a smooth hole and screw hole have been seted up respectively to the extension section middle part, the internal screw thread has connect the screw, the afterbody of screw is equipped with the round bulge, and the screw sets up the knob, fold two buckles during the fixed, the tenon is wrapped in the centre, pass the smooth hole earlier with the screw, pass the screw hole again, rotatory screw is precession along the screw hole, the bulge finally can block outside the smooth hole, screw then inner wall rubber materials and tenon are compressed tightly, play the fixed action.
An operation method of an acoustic emission testing device of a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading comprises the following steps:
s1: installing test blocks according to the standard requirements of the impact test, adjusting an incident rod and a transmission rod, and applying axial and radial oil pressure to carry out the impact test, wherein the acoustic emission testing devices are positioned at two sides, so that the normal operation of the impact test is not influenced;
s2: after the impact test is finished and when the acoustic emission test is required, the axial pressure is removed, and the incident rod and the transmission rod are pulled outwards;
s3: loosening nuts on short rods on two sides of the confining pressure device;
s4: rotating the connecting rod to change the directions of the circular ring A and the circular ring B until the sensor protection device is opposite to the end face of the test block, and screwing the nut to fix the test block;
s5: uniformly coating a couplant on a detection surface of an acoustic emission sensor, adjusting a telescopic device, finally enabling the detection surface to be in close contact with end surfaces of two ends of a test block, optionally selecting a tenon convenient to operate on two sides respectively, wrapping two halves of a buckle outside the tenon and pinching, inserting a screw into a smooth hole and a threaded hole in sequence, slightly screwing, adjusting and determining the position of the buckle on the tenon, and screwing the screw for fixing;
s6: connecting an instrument according to the requirements of the acoustic emission test, releasing the oil pressure in the confining pressure cylinder body, and carrying out the acoustic emission test on the test block;
s7: after the test is finished, the fastener is taken down, the sensor protection device is pulled out, the ring B is pushed back to the position attached to the ring A, and the nut is loosened to rotate the connecting rod back to the initial position;
s8: and pushing the removed incident rod and the transmission rod to the position attached to the test block again, and applying axial and radial oil pressure to continue the impact test under the high confining pressure condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the acoustic emission test is carried out on the test block while the confining pressure is changed, so that the research on the failure mode of the rock body under the action of the impact load in the high confining pressure unloading process can be realized, and related material dynamic parameters are provided for scientific calculation and engineering application;
2. the device solves the problems that in a high confining pressure circular impact test, a sensor is inconvenient to assemble and disassemble and is easily damaged by confining pressure and impact load, effectively simulates the alternative action of blasting impact and confining pressure unloading, more accurately simulates the actual working state of rock materials, and more applicable rock material dynamic parameters are obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic emission testing device of a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading during an impact test;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rock mass shown in FIG. 1 after the sensor protection device, the rotating device and the telescoping device are assembled in the acoustic emission testing device during high confining pressure unloading;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a sensor protection device in the acoustic emission testing device of the rock mass in high confining pressure unloading depicted in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4a is a front view of the ring A and the connecting rod connected with the upper short rod of the confining pressure device (without bolts and nuts);
FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view of ring A taken along section I-I;
FIG. 4c is a top view of the ring A and the connecting rod connected to the upper short rod of the confining pressure device (with the bolt and the nut installed);
FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view of the ring B and tenon;
FIG. 5B is a top view of the ring B and tenon;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an acoustic emission test being performed;
FIG. 7a is a three-dimensional view of a snap assembly;
fig. 7b is a three-dimensional view of the screw on the buckle as it is tightened.
In the figure: 1-acoustic emission sensor, 2-preamplifier, 3-coaxial cable, 4-protective shell, 5-wire outlet, 6-clamping groove, 7-groove, 8-ring B, 9-rubber ring, 10-tenon, 11-ring A, 12-connecting rod, 13-mortise, 14-short rod, 15-bolt, 16-nut, 17-buckle, 18-sensor protection device, 19-short rod reserved hole, 20-connecting rod reserved hole, 21-test block, 22-confining pressure cylinder body, 23-incident rod and 24-transmission rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-7B, an acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure uninstallation, includes acoustic emission sensor (1), preamplifier (2), coaxial cable (3), protecting sheathing (4), ring B (8), rubber circle (9), tenon (10), ring A (11), connecting rod (12), mortise (13), quarter butt (14), bolt (15), nut (16), buckle (17) and sensor protection device (18), its characterized in that: the acoustic emission sensor (1) is fixedly arranged in a groove (7) of the protective shell, and the acoustic emission sensor (1) is exposed out of the detection surface;
the coaxial cable (3) is connected with the acoustic emission sensor (1) and the preamplifier (2) and is led out through a wire outlet hole (5) at the bottom of the protective shell (4), the preamplifier (2) is fixedly arranged on a clamping groove (6) on the inner wall of a sensor protection device (18), and the sensor protection device (18) is an installation structure with two halves spliced;
two short rods (14) are respectively fixed at two ends of a confining pressure device of the separated Hopkinson pressure bar, a short rod reserved hole (19) capable of being inserted with a bolt is reserved at each rod end of each short rod (14), two connecting rods (12) are arranged on each circular ring A (11) and four mortises (13) are uniformly distributed on each circular ring A, one side of each circular ring A (11) extends out of each connecting rod (12), connecting rod reserved holes (20) capable of being inserted with bolts are reserved at each rod end of each connecting rod (12), each connecting rod (12) is connected with each short rod (14) through a bolt (15), nuts (16) are mounted on the bolts (15), and therefore the rotating device is mounted, two circular rings B (8) are arranged, a rubber ring (9) is embedded in the middle of each circular ring B (8), four tenons (10) are uniformly distributed on each circular ring B (8), and the shape, size and position of each tenon (10) correspond to the mortises (;
the sensor protection devices (18) are fixedly installed in the rubber ring (9), and the tenons (10) are correspondingly inserted into the mortises (13) of the circular ring A (11) one by one to complete the assembly of the telescopic device.
The grooves (7) are arranged according to the shape and the size of the acoustic emission sensor (1).
The outlet hole (5) is filled with rubber materials to play a role in sealing and protecting.
The connecting rod (12) is in a rotatable state when the nut (16) is not screwed, and the connecting rod (12) is in a fixed state after the nut (16) is screwed.
When the connecting rod (12) rotates upwards to be in the vertical direction, the circle center of the circular ring A (11) is located on the central axis of the test block (21).
The sensor protection device (18) is inserted into the rubber ring (9) and exposes the detection end of the rubber ring.
The surface of the tenon (10) is flat and smooth, the mortise (13) restricts the radial displacement and rotation of the circular ring B (8), and the tenon (10) is in sliding connection in the mortise (13).
The test block testing device is characterized by further comprising two buckles (17) detachably connected with the tenons (10), and when the detection end of the sensor protection device (18) extends into the confining pressure device to detect the test block (21), the two buckles (17) are respectively clamped on the tenons (10) on the two sides.
Buckle (17) include the plastic part of two symmetries, buckle (17) shape is for being the incomplete annular that the central angle is less than 180, the rampart of buckle (17) is filled with rubber materials, there is the extension respectively in buckle (17) both sides, a smooth hole and screw hole have been seted up respectively to the extension middle part, the screw hole internal rotation has connect the screw, the afterbody of screw is equipped with round bellying, and the screw sets up the knob, fold two buckle (17) when fixed, tenon (10) are wrapped in the centre, pass the smooth hole earlier with the screw, pass the screw hole again, rotatory screw precession along the screw hole, the bellying finally can block outside the smooth hole, the screw of screwing then inner wall rubber materials is compressed tightly with tenon (10), play the fixed action.
Firstly, the acoustic emission sensor (1) is placed in a groove (7) of a protective shell and fixed, the sensor (1) and the preamplifier (2) are connected by a coaxial cable (3) and led out from a wire outlet hole (5). And (3) fixing the preamplifier (2) on a clamping groove (6) arranged in the sensor protection device (18), and closing, fastening and fixing the tenon structures of the two half shells to finish the installation of the sensor protection device (18). Two short rods (14) are respectively fixed at two ends of a confining pressure device of the separated Hopkinson pressure bar, a short rod reserved hole (19) capable of being inserted by a bolt is reserved at each rod end, two circular rings A (11) are prepared, 4 small circular holes are uniformly distributed on the circular rings A (11) and used as mortises (13), two connecting rods (12) extend out of one side of each circular ring A (11), and connecting rod reserved holes (20) capable of being inserted by bolts are reserved at each rod end; the connecting rod (12) is connected with the short rod (14) through a bolt (15), and a nut (16) is screwed on to complete the installation of the rotating device. And then two circular rings B (8) are prepared, a rubber ring (9) is embedded in the middle of the circular rings B (8), four smooth tenons (10) are uniformly distributed on the circular rings B (8), and the shapes, sizes and positions of the tenons correspond to the mortises (13). The sensor protection device (18) is fixed in a rubber ring (9) of a circular ring B (8) with tenons (10), the tenons (10) are correspondingly inserted into mortises (13) of a circular ring A (11) one by one, and the assembly of the telescopic device is completed.
An operation method of an acoustic emission testing device of a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading comprises the following steps:
s1: installing a test block (21) according to the standard requirement of the impact test, adjusting an incident rod (23) and a transmission rod (24), and applying axial and radial oil pressure to carry out the impact test, wherein the acoustic emission test devices are positioned at two sides, so that the normal operation of the impact test is not influenced;
s2: after the impact test is finished and when the acoustic emission test is required, the axial pressure is removed, and the incident rod (23) and the transmission rod (24) are pulled outwards;
s3: loosening nuts (16) on short rods (14) at two sides of the confining pressure device;
s4: the connecting rod (12) is rotated to change the directions of the circular ring A (11) and the circular ring B (8) until the sensor protection device (18) is opposite to the end face of the test block (21), and the nut (16) is screwed up for fixing;
s5: uniformly coating a couplant on a detection surface of an acoustic emission sensor (1), adjusting a telescopic device, finally enabling the detection surface to be in close contact with end surfaces of two ends of a test block (21), optionally selecting a tenon (10) convenient to operate on two sides respectively, wrapping two half parts of a buckle (17) outside the tenon (10) and pinching, inserting a screw into a smooth hole and a threaded hole in sequence, slightly screwing, adjusting and determining the position of the buckle (17) on the tenon (10), and screwing the screw to fix;
s6: connecting instruments according to the requirements of acoustic emission tests, releasing oil pressure in the confining pressure cylinder body (22), and carrying out acoustic emission tests on the test block (21);
s7: after the test is finished, the buckle (17) is taken down, the sensor protection device (18) is drawn out, the circular ring B (8) is pushed back to the position attached to the circular ring A (11), and the nut (16) is loosened to rotate the connecting rod (12) back to the initial position;
s8: and (3) pushing the removed incident rod (23) and the transmission rod (24) to the position jointed with the test block (21) again, and applying axial and radial oil pressure to continue the impact test under the high confining pressure condition.
According to the invention, the acoustic emission test is carried out on the test block while the confining pressure is changed, so that the research on the failure mode of the rock body under the action of the impact load in the high confining pressure unloading process can be realized, and related material dynamic parameters are provided for scientific calculation and engineering application. In addition, the device solves the problems that in a high confining pressure circular impact test, a sensor is inconvenient to assemble and disassemble and is easily damaged by confining pressure and impact load, effectively simulates the alternative action of blasting impact and confining pressure unloading, more accurately simulates the actual working state of a rock material, and more applicable rock material dynamic parameters are obtained.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rock mass acoustic emission testing arrangement in high confining pressure uninstallation, includes acoustic emission sensor (1), preamplifier (2), coaxial cable (3), protecting sheathing (4), ring B (8), rubber circle (9), tenon (10), ring A (11), connecting rod (12), mortise (13), quarter butt (14), bolt (15), nut (16), buckle (17) and sensor protection device (18), its characterized in that: the acoustic emission sensor (1) is fixedly arranged in a groove (7) of the protective shell, and the acoustic emission sensor (1) is exposed out of the detection surface;
the coaxial cable (3) is connected with the acoustic emission sensor (1) and the preamplifier (2) and is led out through a wire outlet hole (5) at the bottom of the protective shell (4), the preamplifier (2) is fixedly arranged on a clamping groove (6) on the inner wall of a sensor protection device (18), and the sensor protection device (18) is an installation structure with two halves spliced;
two short rods (14) are respectively fixed at two ends of a confining pressure device of the separated Hopkinson pressure bar, a short rod reserved hole (19) capable of being inserted with a bolt is reserved at each rod end of each short rod (14), two connecting rods (12) are arranged on each circular ring A (11) and four mortises (13) are uniformly distributed on each circular ring A, one side of each circular ring A (11) extends out of each connecting rod (12), connecting rod reserved holes (20) capable of being inserted with bolts are reserved at each rod end of each connecting rod (12), each connecting rod (12) is connected with each short rod (14) through a bolt (15), nuts (16) are mounted on the bolts (15), two circular rings B (8) are arranged, a rubber ring (9) is embedded in the middle of each circular ring B (8), four tenons (10) are uniformly distributed on each circular ring B (8), and the shape, size and position of each tenon (10) correspond to each mortises (13);
the sensor protection devices (18) are fixedly arranged in the rubber ring (9), and the tenons (10) are correspondingly inserted into the mortises (13) of the circular ring A (11) one by one.
2. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (7) is dimensioned according to the shape of the acoustic emission sensor (1).
3. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet hole (5) is filled with rubber material for sealing and protecting.
4. The acoustic emission testing device of a rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod (12) is in a rotatable state when the nut (16) is not tightened, and the connecting rod (12) is in a fixed state after the nut (16) is tightened.
5. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that when the connecting rod (12) rotates upwards to be vertical, the center of the circular ring A (11) is on the central axis of the test block (21).
6. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor protection device (18) is inserted and installed in the rubber ring (9) and exposes the detection end thereof.
7. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the tenon (10) is flat and smooth, and the tenon (10) is connected in the mortise (13) in a sliding way.
8. The acoustic emission testing device of rock mass in high confining pressure uninstallation of claim 1 is characterized by further comprising two buckles (17) detachably connected with the tenon (10), wherein the two buckles (17) are respectively clamped on the tenon (10) at two sides.
9. The acoustic emission testing device of a rock body in high confining pressure unloading according to claim 8, characterized in that the buckle (17) comprises two symmetrical plastic parts, the shape of the buckle (17) is an incomplete ring with a central angle smaller than 180 degrees, the ring wall of the buckle (17) is filled with rubber materials, two sides of the buckle (17) are respectively provided with an extension section, the middle of the extension section is respectively provided with a smooth hole and a threaded hole, a screw is screwed in the threaded hole, the tail of the screw is provided with a circle of convex parts, and the screw is provided with a knob.
10. A method of operating a rock mass acoustic emission testing device in high confining pressure unloading according to any one of claims 1 to 9, including the steps of:
s1: installing a test block (21) according to the standard requirement of the impact test, adjusting an incident rod (23) and a transmission rod (24), and applying axial and radial oil pressure to carry out the impact test, wherein the acoustic emission test devices are positioned at two sides, so that the normal operation of the impact test is not influenced;
s2: after the impact test is finished and when the acoustic emission test is required, the axial pressure is removed, and the incident rod (23) and the transmission rod (24) are pulled outwards;
s3: loosening nuts (16) on short rods (14) at two sides of the confining pressure device;
s4: the connecting rod (12) is rotated to change the directions of the circular ring A (11) and the circular ring B (8) until the sensor protection device (18) is opposite to the end face of the test block (21), and the nut (16) is screwed up for fixing;
s5: uniformly coating a couplant on a detection surface of an acoustic emission sensor (1), adjusting a telescopic device, finally enabling the detection surface to be in close contact with end surfaces of two ends of a test block (21), optionally selecting a tenon (10) convenient to operate on two sides respectively, wrapping two half parts of a buckle (17) outside the tenon (10) and pinching, inserting a screw into a smooth hole and a threaded hole in sequence, slightly screwing, adjusting and determining the position of the buckle (17) on the tenon (10), and screwing the screw to fix;
s6: connecting instruments according to the requirements of acoustic emission tests, releasing oil pressure in the confining pressure cylinder body (22), and carrying out acoustic emission tests on the test block (21);
s7: after the test is finished, the buckle (17) is taken down, the sensor protection device (18) is drawn out, the circular ring B (8) is pushed back to the position attached to the circular ring A (11), and the nut (16) is loosened to rotate the connecting rod (12) back to the initial position;
s8: and (3) pushing the removed incident rod (23) and the transmission rod (24) to the position jointed with the test block (21) again, and applying axial and radial oil pressure to continue the impact test under the high confining pressure condition.
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| CN111044362B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-09-14 | 武汉理工大学 | Transient unloading device and rock mass transient unloading simulation test system |
| CN112665979A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Acoustic emission sensor fixing and sealing device for rock compression test and using method thereof |
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