CN217108056U - Transmission system of engineering machinery and bulldozer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an engineering machine's transmission system and bull-dozer relates to engineering machine tool technical field. The transmission system of the engineering machinery comprises a speed reducer assembly and a high-low gear switching mechanism, wherein the input end of the speed reducer assembly is connected with the output end of a motor. The high-low gear switching mechanism is arranged between the speed reducer assembly and the final transmission assembly and comprises a first planet row, a high-low gear clutch and a low-low gear clutch, the first planet row comprises a first planet gear ring, a first planet gear, a first sun gear and a first planet carrier, the first planet gear ring is connected with the output end of the speed reducer assembly, the first planet gear ring is meshed with the first planet gear, and the first planet gear is meshed with the first sun gear and fixedly connected with the first planet carrier; the high clutch can selectively engage or disengage the first planetary ring gear with or from the first carrier, the low clutch can selectively engage or disengage the first sun gear, and the first carrier is fixedly connected to the final drive assembly.

Description

Transmission system of engineering machinery and bulldozer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engineering machine tool technical field especially relates to an engineering machine tool's transmission system and bull-dozer.

Background

As an engineering mechanical device, a bulldozer has increasingly complex working conditions and needs a more flexible and convenient transmission system for power transmission. The transmission system can transmit the power of the engine to the driving wheels to generate driving force, so that the bulldozer can run at a certain speed.

In the bulldozer without the transmission in the prior art, the functions of speed change and power transmission are realized by controlling the hydraulic system, but the regulation and control capability of the hydraulic system limits, and the transmission system cannot realize larger reduction ratio and high-low gear conversion.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an engineering machine's transmission system and bull-dozer can realize the conversion of bigger reduction ratio and height fender.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a transmission system for a work machine, comprising:

the input end of the speed reducer assembly is connected with the output end of the motor;

the high-low gear switching mechanism is arranged between the speed reducer assembly and the final transmission assembly and comprises a first planet row, a high-low gear clutch and a low-low gear clutch, the first planet row comprises a first planet gear ring, a first planet gear, a first sun gear and a first planet carrier, the first planet gear ring is connected with the output end of the speed reducer assembly, the first planet gear ring is meshed with the first planet gear, and the first planet gear is meshed with the first sun gear and fixedly connected with the first planet carrier; the high range clutch is selectively engageable and disengageable with the first planetary ring gear and the first carrier, the low range clutch is selectively engageable and disengageable with the first sun gear, and the first carrier is fixedly connected with the final drive assembly.

As an alternative of the transmission system of the construction machine, the transmission system of the construction machine further comprises two differential assemblies, and the two final drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the differential assembly.

As an alternative of the transmission system of the construction machine, the differential assembly is disposed between the reducer assembly and the high-low gear shifting mechanism, the output end of the reducer assembly is connected with the input end of the differential assembly, two high-low gear shifting mechanisms are provided, two output shafts of the differential assembly are respectively connected with one high-low gear shifting mechanism, and the two high-low gear shifting mechanisms and the two final transmission assemblies are connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

As an alternative to the drive train of the construction machine, the input of the differential assembly is connected to the output of the retarder assembly, the differential assembly comprises a first shell, a pin shaft, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first shell is fixedly connected with the output end of the reducer assembly, the pin shaft is arranged in the first shell, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both provided with two, the pin shaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are perpendicular to each other, two first bevel gears are arranged at two opposite ends of the first shaft, the two opposite ends of the second shaft are connected with the first shell, the two second bevel gears are oppositely arranged, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are in meshed transmission, and the two second bevel gears are respectively connected with an output shaft of the differential assembly.

As an alternative to the transmission system of the construction machine, the number of teeth of the first bevel gear and the number of teeth of the second bevel gear are different, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the second bevel gear to the number of teeth of the first bevel gear is greater than 1.

As an alternative to the drive train of the working machine, the differential assembly further comprises a differential clutch by means of which the first housing and one of the second bevel gears can be selectively engaged or disengaged.

As an alternative to the transmission system of the working machine, the high-low gear shifting mechanism further comprises a brake clutch, and the brake clutch is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier.

As an alternative to the transmission system of the construction machine, the differential assembly is disposed between the high-low gear shifting mechanism and the final drive assembly, the first planetary gear ring is connected to an output end of the reducer assembly, and the first carrier is connected to an input end of the differential assembly.

As an alternative of the transmission system of the engineering machine, the speed reducer assembly includes a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a second driving gear and a second driven gear, the first driving gear and the first driven gear are in meshing transmission, the second driving gear and the first driven gear are fixedly connected, the second driving gear and the second driven gear are in meshing transmission, and the second driven gear and the input end of the high-low gear switching mechanism are fixedly connected.

As an alternative to the transmission system of the construction machine, the transmission system of the construction machine further includes a parking brake, and the parking brake is fixedly connected with the secondary driving gear.

As an alternative to the drive train of the construction machine, the high clutch and the low clutch are both hydraulically pressed clutches.

A bulldozer comprises a transmission system of a construction machine according to any one of the above aspects.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides an engineering machine's transmission system is connected through the input with the reduction gear assembly and the output of motor, is connected with the height after slowing down the power of motor output and keeps off the shifter again, and the rethread height keeps off the shifter and transmits to final drive assembly, and the height keeps off the shifter and can carry out the height and keep off the conversion, and can realize bigger reduction ratio through first planet row. When the low-speed gear moves straight, the oil charge of the low-gear clutch is closed, the oil discharge of the high-gear clutch is separated, the low-gear clutch fixes the first sun gear, and the power of the motor is transmitted to the first planetary gear ring from the speed reducer assembly and then is output to the final transmission assembly by the first planet carrier. When the high-speed gear moves straight, the high-gear clutch is filled with oil and closed, the low-gear clutch is drained and separated, the power of the motor is transmitted to the first planetary gear ring from the speed reducer assembly, the first planetary gear ring is connected with the first planet carrier by the high-gear clutch, the first planetary gear ring and the first planet carrier form a rotating clutch, and the power is output to the final transmission assembly by the first planet carrier. The utility model provides an engineering machine tool's transmission system through setting up the height and keeping off the shifter, not only can realize the conversion that the height kept off, can realize bigger reduction ratio moreover.

The utility model provides a bulldozer uses foretell engineering machine's transmission system, through set up the height between reduction gear assembly and final drive assembly and keep off the shifter, and the height keeps off the shifter and includes that first planet is arranged, arranges through first planet and can realize bigger reduction ratio. The first planetary ring gear and the first planet carrier are connected through the high-gear clutch to realize high-speed walking. Low speed travel is achieved by engagement of the low clutch with the first sun gear. The utility model provides a bulldozer can enough realize the conversion of height fender, can realize bigger reduction ratio again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission system of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a differential assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a reducer assembly; 2. a differential assembly; 3. a high-low gear switching mechanism; 4. a final drive assembly; 5. a motor;

1.1, a primary driving gear; 1.2, a primary driven gear; 1.3, a secondary driving gear; 1.4, a secondary driven gear; 1.5, connecting shafts; 1.6, a parking brake; 2.1, a first shell; 2.2, a pin shaft; 2.3, a first bevel gear; 2.4, a second bevel gear; 2.5, an output shaft; 2.6, differential clutch; 3.1, a first planet gear ring; 3.2, a first planet wheel; 3.3, a first sun gear; 3.4, a first planet carrier; 3.5, a high-gear clutch; 3.6, a low-gear clutch; 3.7, braking the clutch; 4.1, a driving gear; 4.2, a driven gear; 4.3, a second sun gear; 4.4, connecting discs; 4.5, a second planet wheel; 4.6, a second planet gear ring; 4.7, a second planet carrier; 4.8, sprocket hub; 4.9, a tooth block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem solved by the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention and the technical effect achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be further explained by combining the drawings and by means of the specific implementation manner.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a transmission system of a construction machine, which can be applied to a bulldozer.

The transmission system of the engineering machinery comprises a speed reducer assembly 1 and a high-low gear switching mechanism 3, wherein the input end of the speed reducer assembly 1 is connected with the output end of a motor 5.

Specifically, reduction gear assembly 1 includes one-level driving gear 1.1, one-level driven gear 1.2, second grade driving gear 1.3 and second grade driven gear 1.4, and one-level driving gear 1.1 and one-level driven gear 1.2 meshing transmission, second grade driving gear 1.3 and one-level driven gear 1.2 fixed connection, second grade driving gear 1.3 and second grade driven gear 1.4 meshing transmission, second grade driven gear 1.4 and the input fixed connection of high-low gear shifter 3. The speed reducer assembly 1 is a two-stage speed reducer, and can carry out two-stage speed reduction on the power transmitted to the motor 5 by the engine, so that the torque is increased, and the requirement of high-load walking of the bulldozer is met.

Second grade driving gear 1.3 and one-level driven gear 1.2 are connected through connecting axle 1.5, and the interval is provided with first spline and second spline on the connecting axle 1.5, through first spline and one-level driven gear 1.2 fixed connection, through second spline and second grade driving gear 1.3 fixed connection, the both ends of connecting axle 1.5 all are connected with the bearing, and the bearing passes through the bearing frame to support fixedly.

As an alternative to the transmission system of the construction machine, the retarder assembly 1 further includes a parking brake 1.6, and the parking brake 1.6 is fixedly connected to the secondary driving gear 1.3. The parking brake 1.6 comprises a friction plate and a light sheet, when the bulldozer is in a neutral gear and continues no action for three seconds, the friction plate and the light sheet in the parking brake 1.6 are closed, parking brake is realized, and parking safety of the bulldozer is guaranteed.

The high-low gear switching mechanism 3 is arranged between the speed reducer assembly 1 and the final transmission assembly 4, the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 comprises a first planet row, a high-low gear clutch 3.5 and a low-low gear clutch 3.6, the first planet row comprises a first planet ring 3.1, a first planet wheel 3.2, a first sun wheel 3.3 and a first planet carrier 3.4, the first planet ring 3.1 is connected with the output end of the speed reducer assembly 1, the first planet ring 3.1 is meshed with the first planet wheel 3.2, and the first planet wheel 3.2 is meshed with the first sun wheel 3.3 and fixedly connected with the first planet carrier 3.4; the high clutch 3.5 can selectively engage or disengage the first planetary ring gear 3.1 and the first carrier 3.4, the low clutch 3.6 can selectively engage or disengage the first sun gear 3.3, and the first carrier 3.4 is fixedly connected with the final drive assembly 4.

The number of the first planet gears 3.2 is generally 3-4, and the first planet gears are all arranged in the first planet carrier 3.4 and surround the first sun gear 3.3 in the circumferential direction.

The bulldozer further comprises a master control unit, an engine and a gear shifting handle, wherein the output end of the engine is connected with the motor 5 and used for driving the motor 5 to rotate, and the motor 5 provides hydraulic oil for a transmission system of the engineering machinery so as to drive the bulldozer to walk. The gear shifting handle is provided with a high-gear switch and a low-gear switch, the high-gear switch is selected to control the bulldozer to walk at a high speed, and the low-gear switch is selected to control the bulldozer to walk at a low speed. The engine, the motor 5, the high-gear switch and the low-gear switch are all electrically connected with the master control unit, the master control unit controls the engine and the motor 5 to work, and when a driver selects the high-gear switch, the master control unit controls the bulldozer to walk at a high speed; when the driver selects the low gear switch, the main control unit controls the bulldozer to walk at a low speed.

The main control unit is internally stored with preset conversion speed of high-low gear conversion gears, the actual speed of the bulldozer is measured through the speed sensor, when the actual speed of the bulldozer is greater than the preset conversion speed, the main control unit reminds a driver of adopting a high-gear driving through an instrument panel, and the driver controls the bulldozer to walk at high speed through selecting a high-gear switch on the gear shifting handle. When the actual speed of a vehicle is less than the preset conversion speed, the master control unit reminds a driver to drive the vehicle in a low gear through an instrument panel, and the driver controls the bulldozer to walk at a low speed by selecting a low-gear switch on the gear shifting handle. The preset switching speed is not limited in detail, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.

As an alternative to the drive train of the construction machine, the high clutch 3.5 and the low clutch 3.6 are both hydraulically pressed clutches. The stability and the conversion efficiency of hydraulic pressure clutch are high, can guarantee stability and the conversion efficiency of high-low gear shifter 3 when high-low gear changes.

The piston of the high clutch 3.5 is mounted on the transverse shaft, the external teeth of the piston meshing with the internal teeth of the transverse shaft. The piston and the cross shaft form a high-gear clutch 3.5 pressure oil chamber. The friction plate of the high clutch 3.5 is internally toothed and meshes with the external teeth of the first planet carrier 3.4, and the first planet carrier 3.4 serves as the inner hub of the high clutch 3.5. The 3.5 light sheets of the high-gear clutch are external teeth and are meshed with the internal teeth of the transverse shaft. The spring seat of the high clutch 3.5 and the piston form a spring chamber, the spring of the high clutch 3.5 is mounted in the spring chamber, and the first planet gear 3.2 is mounted on the first planet carrier 3.4.

One end of the inner hub of the low clutch 3.6 is engaged with the first sun gear 3.3, and the outer hub of the low clutch 3.6 is mounted to the outer housing of the high-low shift mechanism 3. The piston of the low clutch 3.6 is mounted to the outer housing and forms a pressure oil chamber with the outer housing. A spring cavity is formed between the outer hub of the low clutch 3.6 and the piston of the low clutch 3.6, the spring of the low clutch 3.6 is arranged in the spring cavity of the low clutch 3.6, and the friction plate and the light plate of the low clutch 3.6 are arranged between the outer hub of the low clutch 3.6 and the piston of the low clutch 3.6.

The high clutch 3.5 and the low clutch 3.6 are both hydraulically pressed and spring-disengaged. By the arrangement, the reliability and the conversion efficiency of high-low gear conversion can be ensured.

The high-low gear shift mechanism 3 according to the present embodiment is capable of not only high-low gear shift but also a larger reduction ratio by the first planetary gear set. When the low-speed gear moves straight, the low-gear clutch 3.6 is filled with oil and closed, the high-gear clutch 3.5 is drained and separated, the low-gear clutch 3.6 fixes the first sun gear 3.3, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first planetary gear ring 3.1 from the speed reducer assembly 1, and then is output to the final transmission assembly 4 from the first planet carrier 3.4. When the high gear is in a straight-going state, the high gear clutch 3.5 is filled with oil and closed, the low gear clutch 3.6 is drained and separated, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first planetary ring 3.1 from the speed reducer assembly 1, the high gear clutch 3.5 is used for connecting the first planetary ring 3.1 and the first planet carrier 3.4, the first planetary ring 3.1 and the first planet carrier 3.4 form a rotating clutch, and the power is output to the final transmission assembly 4 from the first planet carrier 3.4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative to the transmission system of the construction machine, the transmission system of the construction machine further includes a differential assembly 2, two final drive assemblies 4 are provided, and the two final drive assemblies 4 are symmetrically provided on two sides of the differential assembly 2. In the present embodiment, the differential assembly 2 is disposed on the center line of the vehicle body, and the two final drive assemblies 4 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the vehicle body.

By arranging the differential assembly 2, when the bulldozer turns or runs on an uneven road, the two sides of the vehicle can automatically slide in a differential mode, and power transmitted by the reducer assembly 1 is distributed to the two sides of the vehicle, so that left and right power balance output is realized.

As an alternative of the transmission system of the construction machine, the differential assembly 2 is arranged between the speed reducer assembly 1 and the high-low gear switching mechanism 3, the output end of the speed reducer assembly 1 is connected with the input end of the differential assembly 2, two high-low gear switching mechanisms 3 are arranged, two output shafts 2.5 of the differential assembly 2 are respectively connected with one high-low gear switching mechanism 3, and the two high-low gear switching mechanisms 3 are correspondingly connected with the two final transmission assemblies 4 one by one. The two high-low gear switching mechanisms 3 are used for simultaneously switching high and low gears on two sides of the vehicle, and the steering of the vehicle can be realized at the same time.

Specifically, an input end of a differential assembly 2 is connected with an output end of a reducer assembly 1, the differential assembly 2 includes a first housing 2.1, a pin shaft 2.2, a first bevel gear 2.3 and a second bevel gear 2.4, the first housing 2.1 is fixedly connected with the output end of the reducer assembly 1, the pin shaft 2.2 is disposed in the first housing 2.1, two first bevel gears 2.3 and two second bevel gears 2.4 are disposed, the pin shaft 2.2 includes a first shaft and a second shaft which are perpendicularly disposed, the two first bevel gears 2.3 are disposed at two opposite ends of the first shaft, two opposite ends of the second shaft are connected with the first housing 2.1, the two second bevel gears 2.4 are disposed oppositely, the first bevel gears 2.3 and the second bevel gears 2.4 are engaged with each other for transmission, and the two second bevel gears 2.4 are respectively connected with an output shaft 2.5 of the differential assembly 2.

The secondary driven gear 1.4 is fixedly connected with the first shell 2.1 so as to transmit the power of the reducer assembly 1 to the differential assembly 2. Two output shafts 2.5 of the differential assembly 2 are respectively connected with the high-low gear switching mechanisms 3 on the left side and the right side. The first shaft and the second shaft can be of an integral structure or a split structure.

The number of teeth of the first bevel gear 2.3 is different from the number of teeth of the second bevel gear 2.4, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the second bevel gear 2.4 to the number of teeth of the first bevel gear 2.3 is greater than 1, so as to realize a larger reduction ratio.

The working principle of the differential assembly 2 is as follows: when the bulldozer moves straight, the second bevel gear 2.4 drives the two output shafts 2.5 to move, when the bulldozer turns, the rotating speed of one side of the bulldozer is slower than that of the other side, power overlapping is realized through the first bevel gear 2.3 and the second bevel gear 2.4, so that the rotating speed of one side is slower than that of the other side, and the safety of the vehicle is ensured.

As an alternative to the drive train of the working machine, the differential assembly 2 further comprises a differential clutch 2.6, by means of which differential clutch 2.6 the first housing 2.1 and one of the second bevel gears 2.4 can be selectively engaged or disengaged. In this embodiment, the second bevel gear 2.4 on the right can be engaged or disengaged with the first housing 2.1 via a differential clutch 2.6. The differential clutch 2.6 is normally disengaged and only when the final drive assembly 4 on the bulldozer side is stuck in the puddle and slips will the differential clutch 2.6 be engaged, connecting the second bevel gear 2.4 to the first casing 2.1, causing the non-slipping side torque to increase momentarily and pass quickly.

The differential assembly 2 provided by the embodiment can ensure the power output stability when the vehicle turns or runs on an uneven road.

As an alternative to the drive train of the construction machine, the high-low gear shifting mechanism 3 further comprises a brake clutch 3.7, the brake clutch 3.7 being fixedly connected to the first carrier 3.4. By providing the brake clutch 3.7, the rotational speed is made different on both sides of the vehicle when the bulldozer is turning.

Illustratively, when the bulldozer turns left, the brake clutch 3.7 in the high-low gear shifting mechanism 3 on the left side is braked, the first planet carrier 3.4 on the left side is fixed, power cannot be transmitted to the final transmission assembly 4 on the left side, and the final transmission assembly 4 on the right side has power, so that the turning left can be realized. When the bulldozer turns to the right, the brake clutch 3.7 in the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 on the right is braked, the first planet carrier 3.4 on the right is fixed, power cannot be transmitted to the final transmission assembly 4 on the right, and power is provided for the final transmission assembly 4 on the left, so that the bulldozer can turn to the right.

The transmission system of the construction machine provided by the embodiment further comprises a box body, the first planet carrier 3.4 is used as an inner hub of the high-gear clutch 3.5 and an inner hub of the brake clutch 3.7, and the outer hub of the brake clutch 3.7 is installed on the box body. The brake clutch 3.7 piston is mounted to the outer hub of the brake clutch 3.7 and forms a pressure oil chamber with the outer hub of the brake clutch 3.7. A spring chamber is formed between the piston of the brake clutch 3.7 and the outer housing, in which spring chamber the spring is mounted. The outer shell of the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 is installed on the box body, and the space of the whole high-low gear switching mechanism 3 is sealed.

The brake clutch 3.7 is spring loaded and hydraulically disengaged. Of course, in the present exemplary embodiment, the springs in the high clutch 3.5, the low clutch 3.6 and the brake clutch 3.7 can also be replaced by disc springs, if the space is suitable.

The final transmission assembly 4 comprises a driving gear 4.1, a driven gear 4.2 and a second planet carrier 4.7, wherein the driving gear 4.1 is connected with the internal spline of the first planet carrier 3.4 and is in external meshing transmission with the driven gear 4.2. The second planet carrier 4.7 comprises a second sun gear 4.3, a second planet wheel 4.5, a second planet gear ring 4.6 and a second planet carrier 4.7, the driven gear 4.2 is connected with the second sun gear 4.3 through a connecting disc 4.4, the second sun gear 4.3 is in meshing transmission with the second planet wheel 4.5, and the number of the second planet wheels 4.5 is generally 3-4 and is distributed in the circumferential direction of the second sun gear 4.3. The second planet wheel 4.5 is arranged in the second planet carrier 4.7, and the second planet ring gear 4.6 is in mesh transmission with the second planet wheel 4.5. The second planet carrier 4.7 is connected with a toothed block 4.9 through a chain wheel hub 4.8, and the toothed block 4.9 drives the crawler of the bulldozer to walk.

The bulldozer in the embodiment is a crawler dozer, and the transmission system of the construction machine in the embodiment may also be applied to construction machines such as a crawler loader.

The input end of the speed reducer assembly 1 is connected with the output end of the motor 5, the power output by the motor 5 is reduced and then connected with the high-low gear switching mechanism 3, and then is transmitted to the final transmission assembly 4 through the high-low gear switching mechanism 3, so that the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 can perform high-low gear switching, and a larger reduction ratio can be realized through the first planetary gear set. When the low-speed gear moves straight, the low-gear clutch 3.6 is filled with oil and closed, the high-gear clutch 3.5 is drained and separated, the low-gear clutch 3.6 fixes the first sun gear 3.3, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first planetary gear ring 3.1 from the speed reducer assembly 1, and then is output to the final transmission assembly 4 from the first planet carrier 3.4. When the high gear is in a straight-going state, the high gear clutch 3.5 is filled with oil and closed, the low gear clutch 3.6 is drained and separated, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first planetary ring 3.1 from the speed reducer assembly 1, the high gear clutch 3.5 is used for connecting the first planetary ring 3.1 and the first planet carrier 3.4, the first planetary ring 3.1 and the first planet carrier 3.4 form a rotating clutch, and the power is output to the final transmission assembly 4 from the first planet carrier 3.4. In the transmission system of the construction machine, the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 is provided, so that not only can the switching of the high-low gear be realized, but also a larger reduction ratio can be realized.

When the actual speed of a vehicle that total control unit received is less than and predetermines switching speed, total control unit reminds the driver to adopt the low gear driving through the panel board, and the driver selects the low gear switch on the handle of shifting gears, and parking brake 1.6 draining separation this moment, low gear clutch 3.6 oil charge joint, high gear clutch 3.5 draining separation, brake clutch 3.7 draining separation. The engine transmits power to the motor 5, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first-stage driving gear 1.1, the first-stage driving gear 1.1 is transmitted to the first-stage driven gear 1.2, the first-stage driven gear 1.2 is transmitted to the second-stage driving gear 1.3, the second-stage driving gear 1.3 is transmitted to the second-stage driven gear 1.4 to be decelerated, then the power is transmitted to the differential assembly 2, the power is transmitted to the first planetary ring 3.1 through the output shaft 2.5 of the differential assembly 2, the power is transmitted to the first planet carrier 3.4 through the first planet carrier 3.4, the power is transmitted to the driving gear 4.1, the driving gear 4.1 is transmitted to the driven gear 4.2, the driven gear 4.2 is transmitted to the second sun gear 4.3, the second sun gear 4.3 is transmitted to the second planet carrier 4.7, the second planet carrier 4.7 is transmitted to the gear block 4.9 through the chain wheel hub 4.8, and the bulldozer gear block 4.9 drives the crawler of the crawler belt of the bulldozer to walk at a low speed.

When the actual vehicle speed received by the master control unit is greater than the preset conversion speed, the master control unit reminds a driver to drive at a high gear through an instrument panel, the driver selects a high gear switch on a gear shifting handle, at the moment, oil drainage of the parking brake 1.6 is separated, oil is filled into the high gear clutch 3.5 to be engaged, oil drainage of the low gear clutch 3.6 is separated, and oil drainage of the brake clutch 3.7 is separated. The engine transmits power to the motor 5, the power of the motor 5 is transmitted to the first-stage driving gear 1.1, the first-stage driving gear 1.1 is transmitted to the first-stage driven gear 1.2, the first-stage driven gear 1.2 is transmitted to the second-stage driving gear 1.3, the second-stage driving gear 1.3 is transmitted to the second-stage driven gear 1.4 for speed reduction, then the power is transmitted to the differential assembly 2, and is transmitted to the first planetary ring 3.1 through the output shaft 2.5 of the differential assembly 2, the high clutch 3.5 connects the first planetary ring 3.1 with the first planet carrier 3.4 to form a rotary clutch, the power is transmitted to the driving gear 4.1 through the first planet carrier 3.4, the driving gear 4.1 is transmitted to the driven gear 4.2, the driven gear 4.2 is transmitted to the second sun gear 4.3, the second sun gear 4.3 is transmitted to the second planet carrier 4.7, the second planet carrier 4.7 is transmitted to the tooth block 4.9 through the chain wheel hub 4.8, and the tooth block 4.9 drives the crawler of the bulldozer to move at high speed.

In the bulldozer according to the present embodiment, by using the transmission system of the construction machine described above, the high-low gear shift mechanism 3 is provided between the speed reducer assembly 1 and the final drive assembly 4, and the high-low gear shift mechanism 3 includes the first planetary gear set, and a larger reduction ratio can be achieved by the first planetary gear set. The first planetary ring 3.1 and the first carrier 3.4 are engaged by the high clutch 3.5 to realize high-speed travel. Low speed travel is achieved by engagement of the low clutch 3.6 with the first sun gear 3.3. The bulldozer provided by the embodiment can realize larger reduction ratio and can realize the switching of high and low gears.

Example two

The structure of the transmission system of the construction machine according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the transmission system of the construction machine according to the first embodiment, except that the arrangement position of the high-low gear shift mechanism 3 is different.

In the transmission system of the construction machine provided by the embodiment, the differential assembly 2 is arranged between the high-low gear switching mechanism 3 and the final drive assembly 4, the first planetary gear ring 3.1 is connected with the output end of the reducer assembly 1, and the first planet carrier 3.4 is connected with the input end of the differential assembly 2. Namely, the secondary driven gear 1.4 is fixedly connected with the first planetary gear 3.1, and the second planet carrier 3.4 is connected with the first shell 2.1.

In the present embodiment, only one high-low gear shift mechanism 3 is required to achieve the high-low gear shift. The brake clutch 3.7 is not included in the high-low gear shift mechanism 3. In order to realize the steering of the vehicle, a steering mechanism is arranged between the two output shafts 2.5 of the differential assembly 2 and the corresponding final drive assembly 4 so as to realize the left-right steering.

The steering mechanism is a brake, when the bulldozer turns left, the brake on the left side is controlled to brake, so that the final transmission assembly 4 on the left side is unpowered, and the final transmission assembly 4 on the right side is powered, so that the left turning can be realized. When the bulldozer turns to the right, the brake on the right side is controlled to brake, so that the final drive assembly 4 on the right side is unpowered, and the final drive assembly 4 on the left side is powered, so that the turning to the right can be realized.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, there are variations on the detailed description and the application scope according to the idea of the present invention, and the content of the description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A transmission system for a construction machine, comprising:

the input end of the speed reducer assembly (1) is connected with the output end of the motor (5);

the high-low gear switching mechanism (3) is arranged between the speed reducer assembly (1) and the final transmission assembly (4), the high-low gear switching mechanism (3) comprises a first planet row, a high gear clutch (3.5) and a low gear clutch (3.6), the first planet row comprises a first planet ring gear (3.1), a first planet gear (3.2), a first sun gear (3.3) and a first planet carrier (3.4), the first planet ring gear (3.1) is connected with the output end of the speed reducer assembly (1), the first planet ring gear (3.1) is meshed with the first planet gear (3.2), and the first planet gear (3.2) is meshed with the first sun gear (3.3) and fixedly connected with the first planet carrier (3.4); the high clutch (3.5) can selectively engage or disengage the first planetary ring gear (3.1) and the first carrier (3.4), the low clutch (3.6) can selectively engage or disengage the first sun gear (3.3), and the first carrier (3.4) is fixedly connected with the final drive assembly (4).

2. The transmission system of a working machine according to claim 1, further comprising a differential assembly (2), wherein there are two final drive assemblies (4), and the two final drive assemblies (4) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the differential assembly (2).

3. The transmission system of a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the differential assembly (2) is arranged between the reducer assembly (1) and the high-low gear shifting mechanism (3), the output end of the reducer assembly (1) is connected with the input end of the differential assembly (2), two high-low gear shifting mechanisms (3) are arranged, two output shafts (2.5) of the differential assembly (2) are respectively connected with one high-low gear shifting mechanism (3), and two high-low gear shifting mechanisms (3) and two final transmission assemblies (4) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

4. The transmission system of an engineering machine according to claim 3, wherein an input end of the differential assembly (2) is connected with an output end of the reducer assembly (1), the differential assembly (2) comprises a first housing (2.1), a pin (2.2), a first bevel gear (2.3) and a second bevel gear (2.4), the first housing (2.1) is fixedly connected with the output end of the reducer assembly (1), the pin (2.2) is arranged in the first housing (2.1), the first bevel gear (2.3) and the second bevel gear (2.4) are both provided with two, the pin (2.2) comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged perpendicular to each other, the two first bevel gears (2.3) are arranged at opposite ends of the first shaft, the opposite ends of the second shaft are connected with the first housing (2.1), and the two second bevel gears (2.4) are arranged opposite to each other, the first bevel gear (2.3) and the second bevel gear (2.4) are in meshed transmission, and the two second bevel gears (2.4) are respectively connected with an output shaft (2.5) of the differential assembly (2).

5. A transmission system of a working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of teeth of the first bevel gear (2.3) and the number of teeth of the second bevel gear (2.4) are different and the ratio of the number of teeth of the second bevel gear (2.4) and the number of teeth of the first bevel gear (2.3) is larger than 1.

6. A transmission system of a working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the differential assembly (2) further comprises a differential clutch (2.6), by means of which differential clutch (2.6) the first housing (2.1) and one of the second bevel gears (2.4) can be selectively engaged or disengaged.

7. A transmission system of a working machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-low gear shift mechanism (3) further comprises a brake clutch (3.7), the brake clutch (3.7) being fixedly connected with the first planet carrier (3.4).

8. A transmission system of a working machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the differential assembly (2) is arranged between the high-low gear shifting mechanism (3) and the final drive assembly (4), the first planetary ring gear (3.1) is connected with the output of the reducer assembly (1), and the first planet carrier (3.4) is connected with the input of the differential assembly (2).

9. The transmission system of a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reducer assembly (1) comprises a primary driving gear (1.1), a primary driven gear (1.2), a secondary driving gear (1.3) and a secondary driven gear (1.4), the primary driving gear (1.1) and the primary driven gear (1.2) are in mesh transmission, the secondary driving gear (1.3) is fixedly connected with the primary driven gear (1.2), the secondary driving gear (1.3) is in mesh transmission with the secondary driven gear (1.4), and the secondary driven gear (1.4) is fixedly connected with an input end of the high-low gear shifting mechanism (3).

10. A transmission system of a working machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the transmission system of the working machine further comprises a parking brake (1.6), the parking brake (1.6) being fixedly connected with the secondary driving gear (1.3).

11. Transmission system of a working machine according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the high clutch (3.5) and the low clutch (3.6) are both hydraulically pressed clutches.

12. A bulldozer, characterized in that it comprises the drive train of a working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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