CN113404850A

CN113404850A - Two-mode transmission with in-situ steering and single-side brake steering

Info

Publication number: CN113404850A
Application number: CN202110819438.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡凡山
Original assignee: Hunan Shenshou Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Shenshou Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-09-17

Abstract

The present invention provides a two-mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering. The gearbox comprises a box body, a driving component, a speed change transmission component, a reversing and braking component, wherein the driving component comprises a reversing shaft component, a left driving shaft component and a right driving shaft component; the reversing shaft assembly comprises a reversing shaft, a reversing gear, a left driving gear assembly, a middle transmission gear and a right driving gear assembly; a left steering shifting fork is arranged on the left driving gear component; and a right steering shifting fork is arranged on the right driving gear assembly. Compared with the prior art, the gearbox provided by the invention can realize in-situ steering, can realize traditional unilateral brake steering, and ensures safe driving of complex terrains.

Description

Two-mode transmission with in-situ steering and single-side brake steering

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a dual-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and unilateral braking steering.

Background

The existing tracked vehicles all adopt rubber tracked running mechanisms, and the core component of the rubber tracked running mechanisms is a running gearbox. The steering performance is one of main signs for judging the quality of a walking gearbox, and the steering mechanism of the gearbox of the prior tracked vehicle has the following modes:

adopts hydraulic transmission

Two pumps and two hydraulic motors are adopted for transmission, two tracks are respectively connected with one hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic pumps are used for providing power, so that double-flow transmission is formed. And the rotation direction of the motor is controlled through a hydraulic valve, so that the advancing and pivot steering of the vehicle are realized. The method has high cost and is difficult to maintain and repair the hydraulic components;

(II) adopt a braking steering mechanism

The steering mechanism generally includes a dog clutch, a friction brake and an operating device, wherein the friction brake is fixedly connected to a housing of the transmission to achieve steering by cutting off power of the single dog clutch and braking the friction brake. When the tracked vehicle moves straight, the jaw clutch is combined, and the friction brake is separated; when the crawler agricultural vehicle turns, the shifting fork is operated to cut off power of the jaw clutch at the turning side, the brake friction device at the side is combined, the crawler at the side is braked and stopped, and thus, one of the two crawlers of the crawler agricultural vehicle stops moving, and the brake turning is realized. The tracked vehicle adopting the mode has higher safety performance when walking and transferring on rugged roads in southern hilly and mountainous areas because the adopted mode is braking and steering and the turning speed is low; the transmission efficiency of the all-gear mechanical transmission is higher than that of hydraulic transmission, the energy loss is low, and the production and maintenance costs are lower; but there is turning radius big when turning to, and work efficiency is low when little landmass field operation, when the paddy field turns to, because only unilateral track rotates, so appear falling into the car easily, the paddy field trafficability characteristic is not good.

The prior patent, for example publication number CN205064715U, discloses a mechanical in-situ steering gearbox, which can realize the effect of in-situ steering of a crawler tractor by shifting a differential gear to engage with an inner meshing jaw clutch of a middle transmission gear or a counter gear; because the reversing gear in the scheme is normally rotated and is a jaw-type rigid clutch, the steering mode can only realize sharp turning and cannot accurately control the turning radius, and accidents such as rollover and the like are easily caused when the vehicle turns under the condition of high speed and high gear.

Still like patent publication No. CN207750466U discloses an agricultural machinery gearbox clutch gear turns to positive reverse improvement structure, through controlling two interlock gears and friction clutch about, can realize the effect that track agricultural machinery turned to in situ, because this kind of scheme does not set up unilateral brake steering mechanism, can only rely on positive reverse turn to turn during the turn, because two tracks one just rotate simultaneously anti-, the turn speed has doubled, turn under the condition of high-speed high-gear and cause accidents such as overturning easily.

Still like patent publication No. CN106931090A discloses a track gearbox track reversing arrangement, through controlling two steering gear and friction clutch about, can realize the effect that the track agricultural machinery turned to in situ, because this kind of scheme does not set up unilateral brake steering mechanism, can only rely on positive and negative rotation to turn during the turn, because two tracks one just rotate simultaneously anti-, the turn speed has doubled, turn under the high-speed high gear condition and cause accidents such as car overturning easily.

As patent publication No. CN112240372A discloses a gear box for fixed-axle wheel type mechanical pivot steering, the effect of track pivot steering can be realized by arranging a control shaft and adopting a diaphragm clutch to directly control two half axle gears, the scheme has two defects, firstly, because the scheme is not provided with a unilateral brake steering mechanism, the track can only turn by forward and reverse rotation during turning, because the two tracks rotate simultaneously in forward and reverse directions, the turning speed is doubled, and accidents such as vehicle overturning and the like are easily caused by turning under the condition of high speed and high gear; secondly, because the two half shaft gears are directly controlled by the diaphragm clutch, the speed is not reduced by the reduction gear in the middle, the friction force applied to the fixed diaphragm is very large, and the friction plate is easy to wear and is not durable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dual-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and unilateral braking steering, which has an in-situ steering walking mode and a braking steering mode of a transmission gearbox, and can improve mechanical maneuverability and reduce energy consumption.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a dual-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and unilateral braking steering comprises a box body, a driving component and a variable speed transmission component, wherein the driving component and the variable speed transmission component are arranged in the box body; the reverse clutch gear is normally meshed with a corresponding gear in the reverse gear shaft assembly, the reverse clutch gear is installed on the brake shaft through a bearing, and the reverse clutch assembly is fixedly arranged on the reverse clutch gear;

the driving assembly further comprises a reverse shaft assembly, and the reverse shaft assembly comprises a reverse shaft, and a reverse gear, a left driving gear assembly, a middle transmission gear and a right driving gear assembly which are sequentially arranged on the reverse shaft; the left driving gear component is provided with a left steering shifting fork capable of controlling the left driving gear component to slide along the reverse rotating shaft; the right driving gear component is provided with a right steering shifting fork capable of controlling the right driving gear component to slide along the reverse rotating shaft; the reverse gear is meshed with the reverse driving gear; the left driving gear assembly is meshed with a corresponding gear on the left driving shaft assembly, and the right driving gear assembly is meshed with the right driving shaft assembly; the intermediate transmission gear is constantly meshed with a corresponding gear on the auxiliary variable speed shaft assembly.

Preferably, the left driving gear assembly comprises a left return spring and a left driving gear, one end of the left return spring is sleeved in the left driving gear, and the other end of the left return spring is abutted to a first bearing arranged in the reversing gear; one end of the left driving gear, which is far away from the left return spring, is connected with the intermediate transmission gear;

the right driving gear component comprises a right driving gear, a right return spring and a right rotating wheel; one end of the right driving gear is connected with the middle transmission gear, the other end of the right driving gear is provided with the right return spring, the right rotating wheel is arranged beside the right driving gear at intervals, a second bearing is arranged in the right rotating wheel, and the second bearing is abutted to the right return spring;

the left driving gear and the right driving gear can rotate and slide freely along the reverse rotation shaft respectively; the left driving gear is meshed with a corresponding gear on the left driving shaft assembly, and the right driving gear is meshed with the right driving shaft assembly.

Preferably, a jaw which is pressed with the end side of the reversing gear is arranged on the end side of the left driving gear; and the end side of the right driving gear is provided with a tooth insert which is pressed with the end side of the right rotating wheel.

Preferably, inner teeth are arranged on two sides of the intermediate transmission gear; the outer circular surface of the left driving gear is provided with outer teeth meshed with the inner teeth on one side of the middle driving gear; and outer teeth meshed with the inner teeth on the other side of the middle transmission gear are arranged on the outer circular surface of the right driving gear.

Preferably, the reversing gear and the right reversing wheel are respectively arranged on the reversing shaft through a spline or a flat key; the intermediate transmission gear is arranged in the middle of the reversing shaft through a bearing or a steel sleeve.

Preferably, the power input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft, and a three-gear driving gear, a reverse gear driving gear, a two-gear driving gear and a first-gear driving gear which are sequentially arranged on the input shaft; the first gear driving gear slides along the input shaft;

the variable speed transmission assembly further comprises a gear shifting shaft assembly, wherein the gear shifting shaft assembly comprises a gear shifting shaft, a three-gear and reverse gear shifting gear, a two-gear driven gear, an auxiliary variable speed driving gear and a one-gear driven gear which are sequentially arranged on the gear shifting shaft; the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear slides along the shifting shaft, and is meshed with the third-gear driving gear or meshed with the reverse-gear driving gear when sliding; the second-gear driving gear is meshed with or not meshed with the second-gear driven gear when sliding;

the reverse gear shaft assembly comprises a reverse gear shaft and a reverse gear intermediate gear arranged on the reverse gear shaft;

the auxiliary speed change shaft assembly comprises an auxiliary speed change shaft, and an auxiliary speed change gear and an auxiliary speed change low-speed driven gear which are sequentially arranged on the auxiliary speed change shaft; the auxiliary speed-changing gear-shifting gear slides along an auxiliary speed-changing shaft to be meshed with the auxiliary speed-changing low-speed gear driven gear or meshed with a secondary driven gear; the intermediate transmission gear is normally meshed with the auxiliary speed change gear shifting gear;

the second-gear driven gear is normally meshed with the second-gear driving gear; the auxiliary transmission driving gear is in constant mesh with the auxiliary transmission low-speed driven gear; the reverse gear intermediate gear is meshed with the third gear and the reverse gear shifting gear; the reverse gear intermediate gear is normally meshed with the reverse gear driving gear; the reverse intermediate gear is in constant mesh with the reverse clutch gear.

Preferably, the sub-transmission low-speed driven gear is mounted on the sub-transmission shaft through a bearing, and the sub-transmission low-speed driven gear is provided with internal teeth that mesh with partial external teeth of the sub-transmission shift gear.

Preferably, the reversing gear is engaged with the reversing driving gear through a reversing transfer gear, and the reversing transfer gear is mounted on the box body through a reversing transfer shaft.

Preferably, the reversing clutch assembly comprises a reversing clutch cover, a reversing clutch friction plate, a reversing clutch steel sheet, a reversing clutch spline hub and a reversing clutch pressure plate, wherein the reversing clutch cover and the reversing clutch pressure plate are covered to form a containing cavity; the brake assembly and the reverse clutch assembly have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; and one side of the brake assembly, which is far away from the reverse clutch assembly, is arranged on the box body.

Preferably, the left drive shaft assembly comprises a left output shaft and a left gear mounted on the left output shaft; the right driving shaft assembly comprises a right output shaft and a right gear installed on the right output shaft; the left gear is meshed with the left driving gear, and the right gear is meshed with the right driving gear.

Compared with the related technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method has the advantages that the in-situ steering is realized by controlling the reversing clutch assembly, the switching of two modes of unilateral braking steering is realized by controlling the brake assembly, the in-situ steering can be realized, the unilateral braking steering of the traditional gearbox can be realized, the safe driving of the vehicle in complex terrain conditions such as hilly and mountainous areas can be ensured, and the situations such as rollover caused by high-speed turning can be avoided;

the brake steering and the forward and reverse steering are operated by driving a shifting fork by using an operating rod, and the operation is consistent with the steering operation of the traditional mechanical gearbox, so that the operation is simple, convenient and fast, and no operation step is added;

and thirdly, the reverse clutch assembly and the brake assembly transmit power to the output shaft driving gear after multi-stage speed reduction, so that the torque of the clutch and the brake assembly is reduced, and friction plates on the reverse clutch assembly and the brake assembly are more wear-resistant and durable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering as provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the interior of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the reversing and braking assembly of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a reverse shaft assembly in the driving assembly of fig. 5.

In the drawings: 1. an input shaft; 11. a third gear drive gear; 12. a reverse drive gear; 13. a second gear driving gear; 14. a first gear driving gear; 2. a shift shaft; 21. a third and reverse gear shift gear; 22. a second driven gear; 23. a secondary transmission drive gear; 24. a first-gear driven gear; 3. a reverse gear shaft; 31. a reverse intermediate gear; 4. a secondary speed change shaft; 41. a sub-transmission shift gear; 42. an auxiliary speed change low-speed gear driven gear; 5. a brake shaft; 51. a counter-rotating drive gear; 52. a reverse clutch gear; 53. a reverse clutch assembly; 54. a shifting fork; 55. a brake assembly; 56. a reverse clutch cover; 57. a reverse clutch friction plate; 58. reversing the clutch steel disc; 59. a reverse clutch splined hub; 510. a reverse clutch pressure plate; 511. a reverse clutch thrust bearing; 512. a brake pressure plate; 513. a brake lining; 514. a brake steel sheet; 515. a brake hub; 516 braking the thrust bearing; 517. a brake spline hub; 6. a counter-rotating central spindle; 61. a reverse rotation transfer gear; 7. a reverse rotation shaft; 71. a counter gear; 72. a first bearing; 73. a left return spring; 74. a left drive gear; 75. a left steering fork; 76. an intermediate transmission gear; 77. a middle bearing; 78. a right steering fork; 79. a right drive gear; 710. a right return spring; 711. a second bearing; 712. a right steering wheel; 8. a left output shaft; 81. a left gear; 9. a right output shaft; 91. a right gear; 10. and (4) a box body.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the two-mode transmission with in-situ steering and single-side braking steering provided by the present embodiment includes a case 10, and a driving assembly, a speed change transmission assembly, a reverse rotation assembly and a braking assembly installed in the case 10.

The variable speed transmission assembly comprises a power input shaft assembly, a reverse gear shaft assembly, a secondary variable speed shaft assembly and a gear shifting shaft assembly. Power is input to the driving assembly through the power input shaft in two paths, the first path is input through the variable speed transmission assembly, and the second path is input through the reverse rotation and brake assembly.

The drive assembly includes a counter shaft assembly, a left drive shaft assembly for left steering, and a right drive shaft assembly for right steering.

As shown in fig. 5, the reversing and braking assembly includes a braking shaft 5, and a reversing driving gear 51, a reversing clutch gear 52, a reversing clutch assembly 53, a shift fork 54 and a brake assembly 55 sequentially mounted on the braking shaft 5.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the reverse clutch assembly 53 includes a reverse clutch cover 56, a reverse clutch friction plate 57, a reverse clutch steel plate 58, a reverse clutch spline hub 59, and a reverse clutch pressure plate 510, and the reverse clutch cover 56 and the reverse clutch pressure plate 510 are covered to form a housing. In the cavity, the reverse clutch steel plate 58 is mounted on the brake shaft 5 through the reverse clutch splined hub 59. The reverse clutch friction plate 57 is a wet friction plate that is fitted to the reverse clutch cover 56 and rotates together with the reverse clutch cover 56. The reverse rotation clutch pressure plate 510 can slide in the axial direction of the brake shaft 5. The reverse rotation driving gear 51 is fixedly connected to the reverse rotation clutch cover 56 by bolts.

The brake assembly 55 and the reverse clutch assembly 53 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Specifically, the brake assembly 55 includes a brake pressure plate 512, a brake friction plate 513, a brake steel plate 514, a brake hub 515 and a brake spline hub 517. The brake hub 515 and the brake pressure plate 512 cover to form a cavity. In the cavity, a brake friction plate 513 is mounted on a brake hub 515; the brake steel sheet 514 is mounted on the brake shaft 5 through a brake spline hub 517. The brake hub 515 is mounted on the housing 10. The brake friction plate 513 is a wet friction plate. The brake pressure plate 512 can slide along the axial direction of the brake shaft 5.

The end of the reverse clutch pressure plate 510 away from the reverse clutch cover 56 is fitted with a reverse clutch thrust bearing 511. And a brake thrust bearing 516 is sleeved on one end of the brake gland 512, which is far away from the brake hub 515. The shift fork 54 is provided between the reverse clutch thrust bearing 511 and the brake braking thrust bearing 516. And bearings are arranged at the installation parts of the brake shaft 5 and the box body 10.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the driving assembly further includes a counter shaft 7, and a counter gear 71, a left driving gear assembly, an intermediate transmission gear 76, and a right driving gear assembly sequentially mounted on the counter shaft 7. The counter gear 71 is a dog gear.

And a left steering shifting fork 75 capable of controlling the reverse rotating shaft 7 to slide is arranged on the left driving gear component. The right driving gear component is provided with a right steering shifting fork 78 which can control the reverse rotating shaft 7 to slide. The counter gear 71 is engaged with the counter drive gear 51.

The reversing gear 71 is fixedly mounted on the reversing shaft 7, and a first bearing 72 sleeved on the reversing shaft 7 is arranged in the reversing gear 71. The right steering wheel 712 is fixedly arranged on the reverse rotating shaft 7, and a second bearing 711 sleeved on the reverse rotating shaft 7 is arranged in the right steering wheel 712. The intermediate transmission gear 76 is mounted on the counter shaft 7 by an intermediate bearing 77.

The left driving gear assembly comprises a left return spring 73 and a left driving gear 74, one end of the left return spring 73 is sleeved in the left driving gear 74, and the other end of the left return spring is abutted to the first bearing 72 in the reversing gear 71. The left steering fork 75 is used to drive the left driving gear 74 to slide along the reverse rotation shaft 7.

One end of the left driving gear 74 far away from the left return spring 73 is connected with the intermediate transmission gear 76. The connection mode can be as follows: the two sides of the middle transmission gear 76 are both provided with internal teeth, and the outer circular surface of the left driving gear 74 is provided with external teeth meshed with the internal teeth on one side of the middle transmission gear 76.

The right driving gear assembly includes the right driving gear 79, a right return spring 710, and a right rotary wheel 712. The right wheel 712 is a dog wheel. The one end of right drive gear 79 with intermediate drive gear 76 connects, and the other end is installed right return spring 710, right runner 712 interval is located the side of right drive gear 79, right return spring 710 and the interior second bearing 711 butt of right drive gear 79. Similarly, the outer circumferential surface of the right driving gear 79 is provided with external teeth that mesh with internal teeth on the other side of the intermediate transmission gear 76. The right steering fork 78 is used to drive the right steering wheel 712 to slide along the reverse shaft 7. The first bearing 72 and the second bearing 711 are both thrust bearings.

The end side of the left driving gear 74 is provided with a jaw which is pressed with the end side of the counter gear 71. The right driving gear 79 is provided at an end thereof with a jaw press-fitted to an end of the right turning wheel 712.

The left drive gear 74 and the right drive gear 79 are free to rotate and slide along the reverse rotation shaft 7, respectively. The left return spring 73, the intermediate transmission gear 76 and the right return spring 710 can freely rotate along the reversing shaft 7 respectively. Free rotation means slipping without power transmission.

The counter gear 71 and the right wheel 712 are respectively mounted on the counter shaft 7 by a spline or a flat key. In other embodiments, the intermediate transmission gear 76 may be mounted in the middle of the counter shaft 7 by a steel sleeve.

The counter relay gear 61 is constantly meshed with the counter gear 71. The direction of rotation of the counter-rotating shaft 7 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the intermediate transmission gear 76.

The switching between the two modes of reverse steering and brake steering is realized by controlling the shifting fork 54 to press the reverse clutch pressure plate 510 or the brake pressure plate 512. The reverse clutch assembly 53 and the brake assembly 55 are in a normally-off state, and when the shifting fork 54 presses the reverse clutch pressure plate 510, the reverse clutch assembly 53 is tightly engaged, and the reverse clutch spline hub 59 and the reverse clutch cover 56 rotate together to drive the reverse driving gear 51 on the brake shaft 5 to rotate. The counter drive gear 51 is constantly meshed with the counter relay gear 61.

The shift fork 54 is separated from the reverse clutch pressure plate 510 by the external force, the reverse clutch assembly 53 is separated, the brake shaft 5 is in a stationary state, and the reverse shaft 7 is also in a stationary state. The brake steering or braking of the track is achieved by the combination of the counter gear 71 and the dog on the right steering wheel 712.

As shown in fig. 5, the left drive shaft assembly includes a left output shaft 8 and a left gear 81 mounted on the left output shaft 8. The right drive shaft assembly includes a right output shaft 9 and a right gear 91 mounted on the right output shaft 9. The left gear 81 is in constant mesh with the left drive gear 74, and the right gear 91 is in constant mesh with the right drive gear 79.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the mounting positions of the counter-rotating shaft 7 and the case 10 are connected by an end cover and a bearing.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the power input shaft assembly includes an input shaft 1, and a third-gear driving gear 11, a reverse-gear driving gear 12, a second-gear driving gear 13 and a first-gear driving gear 14 sequentially mounted on the input shaft 1; the first gear drive gear 14 slides along the input shaft 1. The input shaft 1 is both a power input shaft and a shift shaft of a second three speed transmission. The three-gear driving gear 11 and the reverse gear driving gear 12 are an integrated member, and the two-gear driving gear 13 and the one-gear driving gear 14 are an integrated member.

The gear shifting shaft assembly comprises a gear shifting shaft 2, and a three-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21, a two-gear driven gear 22, a secondary transmission driving gear 23 and a one-gear driven gear 24 which are sequentially arranged on the gear shifting shaft 2. The third and reverse shift gear 21 slides along the shift shaft 2, and when sliding, the third and reverse shift gear 21 is engaged with the third drive gear 11, or the third and reverse shift gear 21 is engaged with the reverse drive gear 12; the second gear driving gear 13 is engaged with or not engaged with the second gear driven gear 22 when sliding.

The reverse shaft assembly includes a reverse shaft 3 and a reverse intermediate gear 31 mounted on the reverse shaft 3.

The sub-transmission shaft assembly includes a sub-transmission shaft 4, and a sub-transmission shift gear 41 and a sub-transmission low-speed driven gear 42 that are mounted on the sub-transmission shaft 4 in this order. The sub-transmission shift gear 41 slides along the sub-transmission shaft 4 to be engaged with the sub-transmission low-speed driven gear 42 or engaged with the second-speed driven gear 22. The intermediate transfer gear 76 is in constant mesh with the range shift gear 41.

The second driven gear 22 is constantly engaged with the second driving gear 13. The range main gear 23 is in constant mesh with the range low gear driven gear 42. The reverse intermediate gear 31 meshes with the third and reverse shift gear 21. The reverse intermediate gear 31 is in constant mesh with the reverse drive gear 12. The reverse intermediate gear 31 is in constant mesh with the reverse clutch gear 52.

The sub-transmission low-speed driven gear 42 is mounted on the sub-transmission shaft 4 through a bearing, and the sub-transmission low-speed driven gear 42 is provided with internal teeth that are constantly meshed with part of the external teeth of the sub-transmission shift gear 41.

The counter gear 71 is engaged with the counter drive gear 51 through a counter relay gear 61, and the counter relay gear 61 is mounted on the housing 10 through a counter relay shaft 6.

The speed changing method of the gearbox provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

first gear: the third and reverse shift gears 21 are slid to the neutral position, and the second drive gear 13 and the first drive gear 14 are slid to engage the first drive gear 14 with the first driven gear 24 to realize the first shift.

And (2) second: and sliding the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21 to a neutral position, and sliding the second-gear driving gear 13 and the first-gear driving gear 14 to enable the second-gear driving gear 13 and the second-gear driven gear 22 to be meshed to realize second-gear speed change.

And (3) third gear: and sliding the second-gear driving gear 13 and the first-gear driving gear 14 to a neutral position, and sliding the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21 to enable the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21 to be meshed with the third-gear driving gear 11, so that three-gear speed change is realized.

Reversing gear: and sliding the second-gear driving gear 13 and the first-gear driving gear 14 to a neutral position, and sliding the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21 to enable the third-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear 21 to be meshed with the reverse-gear intermediate gear 31, so that reverse gear speed change is realized.

Auxiliary transmission high-speed gear: the range-change gear 41 is shifted to be engaged with the second driven gear 22 to realize a high-speed gear shift.

Auxiliary transmission low gear: the sub-transmission gear shift 41 is shifted to be engaged with the internal teeth of the sub-transmission low-speed driven gear 42, and low-speed gear shifting is realized.

The power after the gear change is transmitted to the left driving component and/or the right driving component through the constant meshing of the auxiliary gear 41 on the auxiliary speed changing shaft 4 and the intermediate transmission gear on the reverse shaft 7.

The power transmission line of the gearbox is divided into two paths, and the first path is used for transmitting the variable-speed transmission assembly to the driving assembly (as shown in figure 4); the second path reverse intermediate gear 31 is transmitted to the reverse rotation and braking assembly and then to the left and/or right drive assembly (as shown in figure 5).

When the vehicle runs in a straight line: the left and right drive gears 74, 79 are operated without external force, and the power output from the sub-transmission shift gear of the speed change transmission assembly of the transmission is transmitted to the internal teeth on the left and right sides of the intermediate transmission gear 76, and at this time, the intermediate transmission gear 76 is engaged with the left and right drive gears 74, 79, respectively. The left power is transmitted from the left drive gear 74 to the left gear 81, then to the left output shaft 8, and finally to the left track. The right power is transmitted from the right driving gear 79 to the right gear 91, then to the right output shaft 9, and finally to the right crawler, and since the left output shaft 8 and the right output shaft 9 are at the same speed in the same direction, the crawler vehicle travels straight.

Braking mode steering and positive and negative rotation mode steering:

switching of the steering mode: the mode is a brake steering mode when the shift fork 54 is pressed against the brake pressure plate 512 by an external force, and the mode is a forward/reverse steering mode when the shift fork 54 is pressed against the reverse clutch pressure plate 510 by an external force.

Left turn and left forward and reverse turn: the left steering fork 75 is started and the following steps are carried out in sequence: firstly, the left driving gear 74 is moved to the left, the combined teeth in the left surfaces of the left driving gear 74 and the intermediate transmission gear 76 are separated, the power of the left driving gear 74 and the intermediate transmission gear 76 is interrupted, and the left driving gear 74 slowly rotates under the action of the inertia of the machine. And step two, the left driving gear 74 moves leftwards continuously, the left jaw of the left driving gear 74 is embedded into the groove on the right side of the reverse driven gear 71, the left driving gear 74 is combined with the reverse gear 71, reverse rotation or braking force is transmitted to the reverse driving gear 51 through the brake shaft 5 and then transmitted to the reverse transfer gear 61, then transmitted to the reverse gear, then transmitted to the left driving gear 74 and then transmitted to the left gear 81, and finally transmitted to the left crawler belt through the left output shaft 8.

Braking and left steering: when the shifting fork 54 is pressed against the brake pressure plate 512 under the action of external force, the brake assembly 55 is in a brake state, the brake shaft 5 is in a static state, and the reversing gear 71 and the left driving gear 73 stop rotating, so that the left crawler brake stops rotating and left turning is realized.

Forward and reverse rotation and left steering: when the shifting fork 54 is pressed against the reverse rotation clutch pressure plate 510 by external force, the reverse rotation clutch assembly 53 is in a working state, the brake shaft 5 is driven by the reverse rotation clutch to rotate, the force transmitted to the reverse rotation gear 71 is one step higher than the force transmitted to the intermediate transmission gear 76, so the rotating directions of the reverse rotation gear 71 and the intermediate transmission gear 76 are opposite, the reverse rotation gear 71 rotates in the reverse direction relative to the intermediate transmission gear 76, the left driving gear 74 also rotates in the reverse direction, the right driving gear 79 rotates in the forward direction, and therefore the reverse rotation of the left crawler belt and the forward rotation of the right crawler belt are realized, and the normal position steering or the small radius steering is realized.

Turning right and turning right forward and backward: the right steering fork 78 is actuated and the following steps are carried out in sequence: step one, the right driving gear 79 moves rightwards, the right driving gear 79 and the middle transmission gear 76 are separated from each other in the right surface of the middle transmission gear 76, the power of the right driving gear 79 and the middle transmission gear 76 is interrupted, and the right driving gear 79 rotates slowly under the action of the inertia of the machine; and step two, the right driving gear 79 moves to the right continuously, the right jaw of the right driving gear 79 is embedded into the groove of the right steering wheel 712, the right driving gear 79 and the right reverse jaw wheel 712 are combined, the braking acting force is transmitted to the reverse driving gear 51 through the braking shaft 5 and then transmitted to the reverse transfer gear 61 and then transmitted to the reverse gear 71, the reverse gear 71 is transmitted to the right steering wheel 72 through the reverse shaft 7, the power is transmitted to the right driving gear 79 through the right steering wheel 72 and then transmitted to the right gear 91, and finally transmitted to the right crawler through the right output shaft 9.

And (3) braking and turning right: when the shifting fork 54 is pressed against the brake pressure plate 512 by external force, the brake assembly 55 is in a brake state, the brake shaft 5 is in a static state, the transmission shaft 7 connected with the brake shaft 5 through a plurality of gears stops rotating, and the right steering wheel 712 and the right driving gear 79 also stop rotating, so that the right track brake stops rotating, and right turning is realized.

Forward and reverse rotation and right steering: when the shifting fork 54 is pressed against the reverse rotation clutch pressure plate 510 by external force, the reverse rotation clutch assembly 53 is in a working state, the brake shaft 5 is driven by the reverse rotation clutch to rotate, the power transmitted to the reverse rotation gear 71 is one step higher than the power of the middle transmission gear 76, so the rotating directions of the reverse rotation gear 71 and the middle transmission gear 76 are opposite, the reverse rotation gear 71 rotates reversely relative to the middle transmission gear 76, the reverse rotation gear 71 drives the reverse rotation transmission shaft 7 to rotate reversely through a spline, the right steering wheel 712 also rotates reversely, the right driving gear 79 also rotates reversely, the left driving gear 74 rotates forwardly, and therefore the left crawler belt rotates forwardly and the right crawler belt rotates reversely, and the in-situ steering or the small-radius steering of the machine is realized.

Braking: in the braking and steering mode, the left driving gear 74, the right driving wheel 79 and the intermediate transmission gear 76 are separated by simultaneously applying the left steering fork and the right steering fork with external force, and are respectively engaged with the counter gear 71 and the right steering wheel 712, thereby realizing braking.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a two mode gearboxes with normal position turns to and unilateral braking turns to, include box (10) and install in drive assembly and variable speed drive assembly in box (10), drive assembly is including the left drive axle subassembly that is used for realizing the left side to turn to and be used for realizing the right drive axle subassembly that turns to right, variable speed drive assembly includes power input axle subassembly, reverse gear axle subassembly and vice variable speed axle subassembly, its characterized in that still includes reversal and brake subassembly, reversal and brake subassembly include brake shaft (5), and install in proper order in reversal driving gear (51), reversal clutch gear (52), reversal clutch assembly (53), shift fork (54) and brake assembly (55) on brake shaft (5); the reverse clutch gear (52) is in constant mesh with a corresponding gear in the reverse gear shaft assembly, the reverse clutch gear (52) is mounted on the brake shaft (5) through a bearing, and the reverse clutch assembly (53) is fixedly arranged on the reverse clutch gear (52);

the driving assembly further comprises a reverse shaft assembly, and the reverse shaft assembly comprises a reverse shaft (7), and a reverse gear (71), a left driving gear assembly, a middle transmission gear (76) and a right driving gear assembly which are sequentially arranged on the reverse shaft (7); the left driving gear component is provided with a left steering shifting fork (75) which can control the left driving gear component to slide along the reverse rotating shaft (7); the right driving gear component is provided with a right steering shifting fork (78) which can control the right driving gear component to slide along the reverse rotating shaft (7); the counter gear (71) is meshed with the counter driving gear (51); the left driving gear assembly is meshed with a corresponding gear on the left driving shaft assembly, and the right driving gear assembly is meshed with the right driving shaft assembly; the intermediate transmission gear (76) is constantly meshed with a corresponding gear on the secondary variable speed shaft assembly.

2. A two-mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering as claimed in claim 1 wherein said left drive gear assembly comprises a left return spring (73) and a left drive gear (74), one end of said left return spring (73) being nested within said left drive gear (74) and the other end abutting a first bearing (72) provided within said counter gear (71); one end, far away from the left return spring (73), of the left driving gear (74) is connected with the intermediate transmission gear (76);

the right drive gear assembly comprises the right drive gear (79), a right return spring (710), and a right turn wheel (712); one end of the right driving gear (79) is connected with the middle transmission gear (76), the other end of the right driving gear is provided with the right return spring (710), the right rotating wheel (712) is arranged at the side of the right driving gear (79) at intervals, a second bearing (711) is arranged in the right rotating wheel (712), and the second bearing (711) is abutted to the right return spring (710);

the left driving gear (74) and the right driving gear (79) can freely rotate and slide along the reverse rotation shaft (7) respectively; the left drive gear (74) is engaged with a corresponding gear on the left drive shaft assembly and the right drive gear (79) is engaged with the right drive shaft assembly.

3. A two-mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that on the end side of the left drive gear (74) there is provided a dog which is press-fitted with the end side of the counter gear (71); the end side of the right driving gear (79) is provided with a tooth insert which is pressed with the end side of the right rotating wheel (712).

4. A two-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering according to claim 2, characterised in that both sides of said intermediate transfer gear (76) are internally toothed; the outer circular surface of the left driving gear (74) is provided with outer teeth meshed with the inner teeth on one side of the middle driving gear (76); and outer teeth meshed with the inner teeth on the other side of the intermediate transmission gear (76) are arranged on the outer circular surface of the right driving gear (79).

5. A two-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and single-sided braked steering as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said counter-rotating gearwheel (71) and the right-rotating wheel (712) are mounted on the counter-rotating shaft (7) by means of splines or flat keys, respectively; the intermediate transmission gear (76) is arranged in the middle of the counter rotating shaft (7) through a bearing or a steel sleeve.

6. A two-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and single-sided braking steering according to claim 1, characterised in that said power input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft (1) and a third gear driving gear (11), a reverse gear driving gear (12), a second gear driving gear (13) and a first gear driving gear (14) mounted in sequence on said input shaft (1); the first gear driving gear (14) slides along the input shaft (1);

the gear shifting shaft assembly comprises a gear shifting shaft (2), and a three-gear and reverse-gear shifting gear (21), a two-gear driven gear (22), an auxiliary transmission driving gear (23) and a one-gear driven gear (24) which are sequentially arranged on the gear shifting shaft (2); a third and reverse gear shift gear (21) slides along the shift shaft (2), and when sliding, the third and reverse gear shift gear (21) is engaged with the third drive gear (11), or the third and reverse gear shift gear (21) is engaged with the reverse drive gear (12); the second-gear driving gear (13) is meshed with or not meshed with the second-gear driven gear (22) when sliding;

the reverse gear shaft assembly comprises a reverse gear shaft (3) and a reverse gear intermediate gear (31) arranged on the reverse gear shaft (3);

the sub-transmission shaft assembly comprises a sub-transmission shaft (4) and a sub-transmission gear shift (41) and a sub-transmission low-speed driven gear (42) which are sequentially arranged on the sub-transmission shaft (4); the auxiliary speed changing gear (41) slides along an auxiliary speed changing shaft (4) to be meshed with the auxiliary speed changing low-speed driven gear (42) or meshed with a secondary driven gear (22); the intermediate transmission gear (76) is in constant mesh with the auxiliary transmission gear (41);

the second-gear driven gear (22) is normally meshed with the second-gear driving gear (13); the auxiliary transmission driving gear (23) is in constant mesh with the auxiliary transmission low-speed driven gear (42); the reverse intermediate gear (31) is meshed with the third gear and reverse gear shifting gear (21); the reverse gear intermediate gear (31) is normally meshed with the reverse gear driving gear (12); the reverse intermediate gear (31) is in constant mesh with the reverse clutch gear (52).

7. A two-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and one-sided brake steering according to claim 6, characterised in that said range-low driven gear (42) is bearing-mounted on the range shaft (4), said range-low driven gear (42) being provided with internal toothing which meshes with part of the external toothing of said range-shift gear (41).

8. A two-mode gearbox with in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering according to claim 1, characterised in that said counter-rotating gearwheel (71) meshes with said counter-rotating driving gearwheel (51) through a counter-rotating transfer gearwheel (61), said counter-rotating transfer gearwheel (61) being mounted on said casing (10) through a counter-rotating transfer shaft (6).

9. A dual mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering as claimed in claim 1 wherein the contra-rotating clutch assembly (53) includes a contra-rotating clutch cover (56), a contra-rotating clutch friction plate (57), a contra-rotating clutch steel plate (58), a contra-rotating clutch splined hub (59) and a contra-rotating clutch pressure plate (510), the contra-rotating clutch cover (56) and the contra-rotating clutch pressure plate (510) covering to form a cavity in which the contra-rotating clutch steel plate (58) is mounted on the brake shaft (5) through the contra-rotating clutch splined hub (59); the brake assembly (55) and the reverse clutch assembly (53) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; and one side of the brake assembly (55) far away from the reverse clutch assembly (53) is arranged on the box body (10).

10. A two-mode transmission having in-situ steering and single-sided brake steering according to claim 1, characterized in that said left driveshaft assembly comprises a left output shaft (8) and a left gear (81) mounted on said left output shaft (8); the right driving shaft assembly comprises a right output shaft (9) and a right gear (91) arranged on the right output shaft (9); the left gear (81) is meshed with the left driving gear (74), and the right gear (91) is meshed with the right driving gear (79).