CN217025717U - System for oily sludge is dealt with in microwave pyrolysis - Google Patents
System for oily sludge is dealt with in microwave pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN217025717U CN217025717U CN202220754278.8U CN202220754278U CN217025717U CN 217025717 U CN217025717 U CN 217025717U CN 202220754278 U CN202220754278 U CN 202220754278U CN 217025717 U CN217025717 U CN 217025717U
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Abstract
The application discloses oil sludge's system is dealt with in microwave pyrolysis, including microwave pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis oil gas processing apparatus and solid pyrolysis product processing apparatus. The microwave pyrolysis furnace comprises a shell, a feeding port, an air inlet, a solid discharge port and a gas phase discharge port, wherein a reaction cavity, a microwave source and a waveguide are arranged in the shell, and the feeding port, the solid discharge port and the gas phase discharge port are communicated with the reaction cavity. The feeding port of the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device is communicated with the gas phase discharge port, and the feeding port of the solid pyrolysis product treatment device is communicated with the solid discharge port. The system for treating the oily sludge by microwave pyrolysis can be used for pyrolyzing the oily sludge, so that the oily sludge treatment capacity is improved, the investment and operation cost are reduced, the secondary pollution is reduced, no medicament is introduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, in particular to a system for treating oily sludge through microwave pyrolysis.
Background
Currently, the annual output of crude oil in China is about 2 million tons, the annual oil refining capacity is about 8.5 million tons, and then approximately 400 million tons of oily sludge are produced annually. Oily sludge is oily solid waste generated during oil exploitation, transportation, refining and oily sewage treatment, and is classified as dangerous solid waste. The oily sludge mainly consists of oil, sludge and water. The oily sludge contains a certain amount of petroleum substances, a large amount of toxic substances such as benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and the like, pathogenic bacteria, parasites (eggs), heavy metals such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury and the like, salts, polychlorinated biphenyl, radioactive elements and other refractory harmful substances.
At present, the recycling treatment and disposal technology of the oily sludge mainly comprises a chemical hot washing method, a solvent extraction method, a biological method, an incineration method, a pyrolysis method and the like. The chemical hot washing method is a treatment method commonly used in oil fields, and adopts hot alkaline aqueous solution or hot aqueous solution containing surfactant and other assistants with proper concentration to wash oil-containing sludge for many times, and then realizes oil, water and sludge separation by air floatation or cyclone process, but the oil content of the oil-containing sludge treated by the method is generally more than 5%, and the oil-containing sludge is difficult to meet the requirement of environment-friendly coarse discharge less than 2%, and corresponding waste water treatment facilities are needed, so that the investment cost is high.
The solvent extraction method is suitable for treating oil sludge with high oil content, the method utilizes a specific organic solvent to extract oil from the oil-containing sludge, and the method has the defects of great technical difficulty, incomplete treatment, high cost, easiness in introducing an extractant and the like because the difference of physicochemical properties of different oil sludge is large and the required extractant is different. The biological method is suitable for treating oil sludge with low oil content (generally less than 5%), and the method degrades oil in the oil sludge by using metabolism of microorganisms, but the degradation period is long (as long as 60 days), the occupied area is large, the treatment difficulty is increased along with the increase of the water content of the oil sludge, and the large-scale popularization and application are difficult.
The incineration method is to directly incinerate the oily sludge at high temperature in a combustion furnace, but a large amount of harmful substances such as NOx, SO2, dioxin, dust and the like are generated during incineration to cause secondary pollution, SO that the difficulty in tail gas treatment is increased, and in addition, oil products in the oily sludge cannot be recovered, SO that resource waste is caused.
The pyrolysis method is a resource treatment method, oil-containing sludge is heated under the condition of isolating oxygen, organic matters in the oil-containing sludge are subjected to thermal cracking and thermochemical conversion reaction, separated oil is recycled as resources, and produced solid residues reach the standard and are discharged or secondarily utilized, but the traditional oil sludge pyrolysis method adopts indirect heating type pyrolysis, and the method generally has the defects in several aspects: firstly, the water content of the oil sludge is strictly required, so that the oil sludge is mostly subjected to emulsion breaking and dehydration pretreatment by adopting modes of heating, adding medicaments and the like, so that the investment cost and the operation energy consumption are increased, and the organic matter pollution is increased; secondly, the method has the defects of incomplete pyrolysis, high content of aromatic compounds in pyrolysis oil, easy coking, high energy consumption and the like; thirdly, the treatment of the pyrolysis products does not follow the principle of harmlessness and recycling, most of the technologies directly burn the pyrolysis oil gas, so that not only is the pyrolysis oil not effectively utilized, but also the pollution of the combustion of the pyrolysis oil to the environment, especially the generation of dioxin, is unavoidable, and in addition, the recycling treatment is not carried out on the pyrolysis residues; and fourthly, the traditional pyrolysis generally adopts fossil energy such as natural gas, diesel oil and the like as fuel, matched fuel storage facilities and combustion equipment need to be constructed, secondary pollution is easy to generate, and meanwhile, combustible and explosive fuels have potential safety hazards, low energy utilization rate and long starting time.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a system for treating oil sludge by microwave pyrolysis, so as to solve the problems.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the application provides the following technical scheme:
a system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge, comprising:
the microwave pyrolysis furnace comprises a shell, a feeding port, an air inlet, a solid discharge port and a gas phase discharge port, wherein a reaction cavity, a microwave source and a waveguide are arranged in the shell, and the feeding port, the solid discharge port and the gas phase discharge port are communicated with the reaction cavity;
the feeding port of the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device is communicated with the gas-phase discharging port;
and the feeding port of the solid pyrolysis product treatment device is communicated with the solid discharging port.
Optionally, the microwave reactor comprises a plurality of reaction cavities, a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides, wherein one microwave source and one waveguide are arranged in each reaction cavity or a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides are arranged in each reaction cavity.
Optionally, the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device comprises a condensing device and a centrifuge, wherein the gas inlet of the condensing device is communicated with the gas phase discharge port, and the feed port of the centrifuge is communicated with the liquid outlet of the condensing device.
Optionally, condensing equipment includes the one-level condenser and the second grade condenser of mutual intercommunication, one-level condenser air inlet with gaseous phase discharge gate intercommunication, centrifuge's feed inlet with the liquid outlet intercommunication of second grade condenser.
Optionally, the solid pyrolysis product treatment device comprises a coal-fired boiler, and a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler is communicated with the solid discharge hole.
Optionally, the microwave pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the coal-fired boiler through a scraper conveyor, a coke inlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with the solid discharge port, and a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler.
Optionally, a raw coal conveyor is further arranged between the scraper conveyor and the coal-fired boiler, a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the raw coal conveyor, and a coal outlet of the raw coal conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler.
Optionally, the microwave pyrolysis furnace further comprises an impurity removal crusher, the impurity removal crusher comprises a sludge inlet and a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet of the impurity removal crusher is communicated with the microwave pyrolysis furnace.
Optionally, the broken pipe of edulcoration with still be provided with the blending tank between the microwave pyrolysis oven, the discharge gate of edulcoration breaker with the feed inlet intercommunication of blending tank, scraper conveyor's second coke outlet with the feed inlet intercommunication of blending tank, the discharge gate of blending tank with the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of microwave pyrolysis oven.
Optionally, an automatic safety explosion discharging device is arranged in the microwave pyrolysis furnace.
By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the system for treating the oil sludge by microwave pyrolysis carries out pyrolysis on the oil-containing sludge, improves the oil sludge treatment capacity, reduces the investment and the operation cost, reduces the secondary pollution, does not introduce a medicament, and reduces the energy consumption.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model without limiting the utility model to its proper form. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a system diagram of a system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the application provides a system for treating oil sludge through microwave pyrolysis, which comprises a microwave pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis oil gas treatment device and a solid pyrolysis product treatment device. The microwave pyrolysis furnace comprises a shell, a feeding port, an air inlet, a solid discharge port and a gas phase discharge port, wherein a reaction cavity, a microwave source and a waveguide are arranged in the shell, and the feeding port, the solid discharge port and the gas phase discharge port are communicated with the reaction cavity. The feeding port of the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device is communicated with the gas phase discharge port, and the feeding port of the solid pyrolysis product treatment device is communicated with the solid discharge port.
Under inert atmosphere, the microwave pyrolysis oven utilizes microwave heating earlier to carry out the breakdown of emulsion and drying with mixing fatlute, carries out microwave pyrolysis with fatlute after the drying and generates pyrolysis oil gas and solid pyrolysis product again, uses the microwave to heat, and the heating is even, pyrolysis speed is high, but pyrolysis mud is bulky, and can stop the dioxin and produce. The reaction condition of the oil sludge in the microwave pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted by adjusting the microwave power and the working time of the microwave source, so that the reaction of the oil sludge is controlled. Preferably, an inert atmosphere is selected, inert gas is introduced to ensure that the inside of the microwave pyrolysis furnace is the inert atmosphere, the pyrolysis reaction of the oil sludge can be ensured only in the inert atmosphere, and the phenomenon that the oil sludge is combusted or even exploded at high temperature due to the existence of oxygen is avoided. Pyrolysis oil gas passes through gaseous phase discharge gate and discharges, and solid pyrolysis product passes through solid discharge gate and discharges, and pyrolysis oil gas accessible condensation separates out pyrolysis oil as resource recycle, and the pyrolysis gas calorific value that the condensation separated out is high, low carbon olefin content is high, can carry out the reutilization as fuel gas and industrial chemicals, but solid pyrolysis product reutilization, and partly send into coal fired boiler burning and realize heat recovery, partly promotes microwave pyrolysis as good microwave absorbent and raw coal blending. The oily sludge treatment system can treat a large amount of oily sludge, has strong oil sludge treatment capacity, reduces investment and operation cost, does not produce smoke dust and dioxin, reduces secondary pollution, does not introduce a medicament, and reduces energy consumption.
In one possible embodiment, the system for treating the oil sludge by microwave pyrolysis comprises a plurality of reaction cavities, a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides, wherein one microwave source and one waveguide are arranged in each reaction cavity or a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides are arranged in each reaction cavity. So a microwave pyrolysis oven can be to a larger amount of oily sludge to when the branch chamber carries out the pyrolysis and then has guaranteed the volume of disposable decomposition oily sludge, guarantee that the pyrolysis is more even, speed is higher.
In a possible embodiment, the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device comprises a condensing device and a centrifugal machine, wherein an air inlet of the condensing device is communicated with the gas-phase discharge hole, and a feed hole of the centrifugal machine is communicated with a liquid outlet of the condensing device. Pyrolysis oil gas that microwave pyrolysis oven produced through the pyrolysis condenses into water oil mixture after carrying out the condensation, carries out oil-water separation in leading-in centrifuge with water oil mixture, then discharges pyrolysis oil and water respectively, and oil can be used for the secondary, and sewage is discharged and is purified in the sewage treatment ware.
In a possible embodiment, the condensing device comprises a first-stage condenser and a second-stage condenser which are communicated with each other, the gas inlet of the first-stage condenser is communicated with the gas outlet, and the feed inlet of the centrifuge is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second-stage condenser. The gas outlet of the first-stage condenser is communicated with the gas inlet of the second-stage condenser, and the second-stage condenser further comprises a gas outlet for discharging clean pyrolysis gas with the pyrolysis oil and water removed. The two-stage condenser is used for condensation successively, so that the condensation effect is better, pyrolysis oil and water are collected through condensation to the maximum extent, and the cleanness of discharged pyrolysis gas is also ensured.
In one possible embodiment, the solid pyrolysis product treatment unit comprises a coal-fired boiler, and a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler is communicated with the solid discharge port. The solid pyrolysis product can be burnt in the coal-fired boiler, so that the heat energy can be released, and the solid pyrolysis product can be converted into releasable flue gas and fly ash convenient to treat.
Wherein, coal fired boiler still includes gas cleaning device, gas cleaning device with coal fired boiler's outlet flue intercommunication for further purify the exhaust again with the flue gas that generates after the burning. The coal-fired boiler also comprises a fly ash collector, so that the fly ash is more conveniently collected and the transfer of the fly ash is more convenient.
In a possible embodiment, the microwave pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the coal-fired boiler through a scraper conveyor, a coke inlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with the solid discharge port, and a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler. The solid pyrolysis product (semi-coke) is received and conveyed by the conveyor, so that manpower, material resources and time are saved.
In a possible embodiment, a raw coal conveyor is further arranged between the scraper conveyor and the coal-fired boiler, a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the raw coal conveyor, and a coal outlet of the raw coal conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler. Solid pyrolysis products (semi-coke) conveyed by a scraper conveyor are added into the raw coal conveyor, raw coal is added, then the raw coal conveyor and the scraper conveyor are stirred and mixed, and the raw coal is added to ensure that the solid pyrolysis products (semi-coke) are easier to burn and more sufficient to burn.
In a possible embodiment, the system for treating oil sludge by microwave pyrolysis further comprises a trash crusher, wherein the trash crusher comprises a sludge inlet and a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet of the trash crusher is communicated with the microwave pyrolysis furnace. The impurity removal crusher removes large impurities in oil sludge before microwave pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge and properly crushes the large impurities to form pretreated oil sludge. The pretreated oil sludge can ensure that the microwave pyrolysis is more sufficient and uniform.
In a possible embodiment, the broken pipe of edulcoration with still be provided with the blending tank between the microwave pyrolysis oven, the discharge gate of edulcoration breaker with the feed inlet intercommunication of blending tank, scraper conveyor's second coke outlet with the feed inlet intercommunication of blending tank, the discharge gate of blending tank with the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of microwave pyrolysis oven. The mixing tank is used for mixing the pretreated oil sludge and a solid pyrolysis product (semi-coke) generated after microwave pyrolysis according to a certain proportion to form mixed oil sludge, the oil sludge has a promoting effect on reaction after being mixed into the semi-coke, and the microwave pyrolysis is further ensured to be more sufficient and uniform.
In a possible embodiment, an automatic safety explosion relief device is arranged in the microwave pyrolysis furnace. The automatic safe explosion discharging device is a reusable automatic safe explosion discharging device and prevents the oil-gas pressure in the cavity from being too high. The automatic safety explosion-discharging device is a commercially available explosion-discharging device, such as: the explosion discharging device sold by Shandong Kwoo Security and protection science and technology Limited and the explosion discharging device sold by Jinan Xiang Yue environmental protection science and technology Limited can be both.
In a possible embodiment, the device further comprises an oil sludge storage bin for storing the oil-containing sludge, and the discharge port of the oil sludge storage bin is communicated with the sludge inlet of the impurity removal crusher. The storage position of the oil sludge is ensured, the pollution to the environment is prevented, and the centralized placement is convenient for management and transportation.
In a possible embodiment, a coal storage bin and a coal mill are arranged between the raw coal conveyor and the coal-fired boiler. The raw coal conveyor places the mixed raw coal and solid pyrolysis products into a coal storage bin, so that the raw coal and the solid pyrolysis products are convenient to manage, take and transport. When the device is used, the device is taken out from the coal storage bin and conveyed to the coal mill to be ground into powder, and then the powder is conveyed to the coal-fired boiler to be combusted, so that the combustion can be further ensured to be more sufficient, the oily sludge can be more sufficiently treated, and the effect is better.
In a possible embodiment, the microwave pyrolysis furnace further comprises an inert gas conveying device for conveying inert gas into the microwave pyrolysis furnace when the microwave pyrolysis is carried out.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge, comprising:
the microwave pyrolysis furnace comprises a shell, a feeding port, an air inlet, a solid discharge port and a gas phase discharge port, wherein a reaction cavity, a microwave source and a waveguide are arranged in the shell, and the feeding port, the air inlet, the solid discharge port and the gas phase discharge port are communicated with the reaction cavity;
the feeding port of the pyrolysis oil-gas treatment device is communicated with the gas-phase discharging port;
and the feeding port of the solid pyrolysis product treatment device is communicated with the solid discharging port.
2. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of reaction chambers, a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides, wherein one microwave source and one waveguide are arranged in each reaction chamber or a plurality of microwave sources and a plurality of waveguides are arranged in each reaction chamber.
3. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to claim 2, wherein the pyrolysis oil gas treatment device comprises a condensing device and a centrifuge, an air inlet of the condensing device is communicated with the gas phase discharge port, and a feed port of the centrifuge is communicated with a liquid outlet of the condensing device.
4. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge as claimed in claim 3, wherein the condensing device comprises a primary condenser and a secondary condenser which are communicated with each other, an air inlet of the primary condenser is communicated with the gas phase discharge port, and a feed port of the centrifuge is communicated with a liquid outlet of the secondary condenser.
5. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to claim 4, wherein the solid pyrolysis product treatment device comprises a coal-fired boiler, and a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler is communicated with the solid discharge port.
6. The system for treating oil sludge through microwave pyrolysis according to claim 5, wherein the microwave pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the coal-fired boiler through a scraper conveyor, a coke inlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with the solid discharge port, and a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler.
7. The system for treating oil sludge through microwave pyrolysis as claimed in claim 6, wherein a raw coal conveyor is further arranged between the scraper conveyor and the coal-fired boiler, a first coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the raw coal conveyor, and a coal outlet of the raw coal conveyor is communicated with a coal inlet of the coal-fired boiler.
8. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to claim 7, further comprising a trash crusher, wherein the trash crusher comprises a sludge inlet and a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet of the trash crusher is communicated with the microwave pyrolysis furnace.
9. The system for treating oily sludge through microwave pyrolysis as claimed in claim 8, wherein a mixing tank is further arranged between the impurity removal crusher and the microwave pyrolysis furnace, a discharge port of the impurity removal crusher is communicated with a feed port of the mixing tank, a second coke outlet of the scraper conveyor is communicated with a feed port of the mixing tank, and a discharge port of the mixing tank is communicated with a feed port of the microwave pyrolysis furnace.
10. The system for microwave pyrolysis treatment of oil sludge according to claim 9, wherein the microwave pyrolysis furnace is provided with an automatic safety explosion relief device.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114702219A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-05 | 国能龙源环保有限公司 | Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114702219A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-05 | 国能龙源环保有限公司 | Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge |
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