CN217011729U

CN217011729U - Seed metering structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of roller and hole disc

Info

Publication number: CN217011729U
Application number: CN202123227555.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨红坤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-12-21
Filing date: 2021-12-21
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a seed discharging structure with a roller and a hole disc synchronously rotating and advancing intermittently, wherein a pneumatic seed discharging roller is arranged right above the advancing direction of a seedling tray, the seedling tray can pass through the lower part of the pneumatic seed discharging roller, a plurality of rows of seed discharging holes distributed along the length are arranged on the pneumatic seed discharging roller, the pneumatic seed discharging roller can realize axial intermittent rotation through a power transmission mechanism, the seedling tray advances intermittently in synchronization with the intermittent frequency of the pneumatic seed discharging roller when passing through the lower part of the pneumatic seed discharging roller until the seedling tray passes through the pneumatic seed discharging roller, and seeds are discharged in a seedling hole of the seedling tray. The structure realizes that the seedling tray can also realize intermittent advancing, and ensures that the relative position of the seedling tray and the pneumatic seed sowing roller is fixed in the length direction by matching with the synchronous rotation of the roller, so as to ensure the one-to-one correspondence between seeds and seedling holes during seed sowing and be beneficial to improving the seed sowing precision.

Description

Seed metering structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of roller and hole disc

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of equipment for seeding seeds in seedling holes of a seedling tray, in particular to a seeding structure with a roller and a hole tray synchronously and intermittently rotating and advancing.

Background

The plug tray, also called seedling tray, has become an important apparatus in the industrial production process of seedlings. The tray seedling culture is the most fundamental change of modern gardening no matter flowers or vegetables, and provides guarantee for quick and large-batch production. The material for making the tray is typically polystyrene foam, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, etc. The manufacturing method is blow molding and injection molding. The general vegetable and ornamental plant seedling raising plug tray is made of polystyrene material. The specification and the size of the seedling raising plate are various, most of the seedling raising plates are in the specification of 6-10 rows, and 9 rows and 18 columns are commonly used. Firstly, culture soil is filled in each seedling hole, and then a small groove is punched in each seedling hole through a punching device to be used as a seed hole for seeding. At present, the common seed metering has a manual auxiliary semi-automatic turnover seed metering machine and also has an automatic seed metering machine. Present automatic seed metering machine often all has the not high problem of precision, and the low problem that leads to of precision has: the problem that the existing equipment on the market generally has the defects of incorrect seed sowing position, large deviation, even unqualified seed sowing caused by the fact that manual shutdown and accuracy recalibration are needed, manual monitoring is needed, readjustment is needed once seed sowing fails, the maintenance frequency of machine equipment is high, the cost is high, and the efficiency and the seed sowing quality are affected is solved. The reason for this problem is that there is an error between the seedling tray and the seed roller, and the error is cumulatively amplified, resulting in a decrease in seed precision.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the inventor provides a novel seed sowing structure through research, development and improvement, improves the seed sowing success rate, and particularly realizes that:

a seeding structure with a roller and a plug disk synchronously and intermittently rotating and advancing comprises a frame (1), a power output mechanism, a power transmission mechanism and a pneumatic mechanism which are arranged in the frame (1), the seedling tray that advances on frame (1), it is equipped with pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) to educate seedling tray (4) direction of advance directly over, it can follow pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) below through to educate seedling tray (4), be equipped with a plurality of rows along seed metering hole (31) that length was arranged on pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3), axial intermittent type formula rotation can be realized through power drive mechanism in pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3), it advances with the intermittent type formula of the intermittent type frequency synchronization of pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) when educating seedling tray (4) through pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) below, until educating seedling tray (4) and pass through pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3), accomplish the seed metering seed in the seedling cave of seedling tray.

Furthermore, the seedling-raising plate (4) is clamped by the pneumatic seeding roller (3) or a lateral clamping mechanism when passing below the pneumatic seeding roller (3), synchronously and intermittently advance with the pneumatic seeding roller (3) or the lateral clamping mechanism, and the row number of the seeding holes (31) on the pneumatic seeding roller (3), the hole site number of each row, the interval between each row and the intermittent rotation frequency and amplitude of the roller are all matched with the length and width dimension specification of the seedling tray (4), the seedling hole (41) number and the seedling hole (41) distribution, so that each rotation of the pneumatic seeding roller (3) can lead the seeding holes (31) in the row at the bottom to be over against the row of seedling holes (41) which just advance from the seedling tray (4), and the next rotation of the pneumatic seeding roller (3) enables the seeding holes (31) of the next row to be positioned at the lowest part and to be opposite to the next row of seedling holes (41) after the next advancing of the seedling tray (4).

Further, the side clamping mechanism includes: the lateral conveying belts (22) are installed at the two side ends of the seedling tray conveying belt (2), the lateral conveying belts (22) clamp the seedling tray (4) from the two sides of the seedling tray (4) and convey the seedling tray through the pneumatic seed sowing roller (3), the lateral conveying belts (22) are conveyed in an intermittent mode, and the intermittent start and stop of conveying are synchronous with the intermittent rotation start and stop of the pneumatic seed sowing roller (3).

Further, side conveyer belt (22) are the side and erect formula and distribute, and its both ends are installed through installation pole (24) of vertical distribution installation, and one of them installation pole (24) is the drive lever, and action wheel (25) are installed to the end, and another installation pole (24) are the follower lever, and from driving wheel (26) are installed to the end, and side conveyer belt (22) suit is on action wheel (25) and follow driving wheel (26), provides the rotation through action wheel (25).

Furthermore, the lateral conveyer belt (22) is positioned at the inner side below the pneumatic seeding roller (3) and is provided with a clamping mechanism capable of transversely stretching, and after the clamping mechanisms at two ends simultaneously stretch out, the lateral conveyer belt (22) can be driven to tightly contact the side walls at two ends of the seedling tray (4), so that the seedling tray (4) enters and passes through the pneumatic seeding roller (3) in an intermittent advancing manner along with the intermittent conveying of the lateral conveyer belt (22) to finish seeding; the clamping mechanism is at least one driven roller (27) which is transversely arranged, and the driven roller (27) is transversely arranged on the telescopic member (28) and extends or retracts along with the telescopic member; the lateral conveyer belt (22) is not contacted with the seedling raising plate (4) under the normal state.

Furthermore, the lateral clamping mechanism further comprises a second photoelectric sensor (62) which is arranged at a position, to be close to enter the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering roller (3), of the seedling tray (4) and is used for detecting that the seedling tray (4) is to enter the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering roller (3) for seed metering, sending a signal to enable the controller to control the pneumatic seed metering roller (3) and the lateral conveyer belt (22) to be started, and stopping the pneumatic seed metering roller (3) and the lateral conveyer belt (22) when the seedling tray (4) is not detected.

Furthermore, the power output mechanism comprises a motor (7), the motor (7) is connected to a clutch coupling (72) through a worm reduction box (71), the clutch coupling (72) and an intermittent rotation reduction box (73), and the power transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain (74) which is arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction box (73) and the pneumatic seed metering roller (3) and is matched with a tensioning gear (75) for use; the stepless speed change belt (76) is arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction box (73) and the corner box (77) and is matched with a tension wheel (78) for use, the corner box (77) is in transmission connection with the lateral conveying belt (22) through a chain, the pneumatic mechanism comprises a cylinder (79), and a plurality of air pipes and air valves which are connected with the cylinder (79) and are used for being matched with the rotary cylinder (70) to be connected with the seedling tray straightening guide rod (21) and controlling the seedling tray straightening guide rod to be screwed down or screwed up; and is used for being butted to the pneumatic seeding roller (3) through the air exchange rotor and controlling the adsorption or seeding of the positive and negative air pressure to the seeds (5).

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the utility model are introduced as follows: when the seedling raising plate is conveyed to a position which is well debugged when the seedling raising plate is conveyed to the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering roller, the second photoelectric sensor detects that the seedling raising plate is in place, at the moment, the driven rollers of the clamping mechanism extend out of two sides to drive the lateral conveying belts to clamp the two side surfaces of the seedling raising plate, and the seedling raising plate and the lateral conveying belts are kept in a synchronous state. The pneumatic seed sowing roller and the lateral conveyer belt synchronously run at the same frequency, when the pneumatic seed sowing roller rolls, the lateral conveyer belt synchronously conveys the seedling tray forward for a distance, the first rotation enables a first row of seed sowing holes on the pneumatic seed sowing roller to rotate to the lowest surface, meanwhile, the lateral conveyer belt drives the seedling tray to move forward for the length of a seedling hole, the first row of seedling hole is just opposite to a row of seed sowing holes at the lowest part of the current pneumatic seed sowing roller, at the moment, an air pipe connected with the row of seed sowing holes cuts off negative pressure and injects positive pressure air to blow off seeds from the seed sowing holes and fall into the first row of seedling hole, then the pneumatic seed sowing roller and the lateral conveyer belt stop starting, rotate for the second time and move forward for the second row of seedlings to be opposite to the next row of seed sowing holes after the pneumatic seed sowing roller rotates, and then finish gas conversion from stopping negative pressure to positive pressure for the first time, and (4) completing seed metering of the second row of seedling holes, and repeating the steps until the pneumatic seed metering roller finishes one period, and meanwhile, enabling the seedling tray to completely seed through the pneumatic seed metering roller, separating from the lateral conveying belt, and discharging along with the seedling tray conveying belt. The structure realizes that the seedling tray can also realize intermittent advancing, and ensures that the relative position of the seedling tray and the pneumatic seed sowing roller is fixed in the length direction by matching with the synchronous rotation of the roller, so as to ensure the one-to-one correspondence between seeds and seedling holes during seed sowing and be beneficial to improving the seed sowing precision.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the side conveyor belt of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lateral conveying belt clamping seedling raising tray of the utility model;

FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic structural views of a transmission part of the utility model;

wherein: the seedling planting machine comprises a rack (1), a seedling raising tray (4), a pneumatic seed sowing roller (3), seed sowing holes (31), seedling holes (41), a side conveying belt (22), a mounting rod (24), a driving wheel (25), a driven wheel (26), a driven roller (27), a telescopic component (28), a second photoelectric sensor (62), a motor (7), a worm reduction gearbox (71), a clutch coupling (72), an intermittent rotation reduction gearbox (73), a transmission chain (74), a tensioning gear (75), a stepless speed change belt (76), a tensioning wheel (78), an air cylinder (79) and seeds (5).

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Example 1:

a seed metering structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of a roller and a hole plate comprises a rack 1, a power output mechanism, a power transmission mechanism and a pneumatic mechanism, wherein the power output mechanism, the power transmission mechanism and the pneumatic mechanism are installed in the rack 1, a seedling disk advancing on the rack 1 is provided, a pneumatic seed metering roller 3 is arranged right above the advancing direction of the seedling disk 4, the seedling disk 4 can pass through the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering roller 3, a plurality of rows of seed metering holes 31 distributed along the length are formed in the pneumatic seed metering roller 3, the pneumatic seed metering roller 3 can realize the axial intermittent rotation through the power transmission mechanism, the seedling disk 4 can advance intermittently with the intermittent frequency synchronous with the intermittent frequency of the pneumatic seed metering roller 3 when passing through the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering roller 3 until the seedling disk 4 passes through the pneumatic seed metering roller 3, and seed metering is completed in a seedling hole of the seedling disk. When the seedling tray 4 passes below the pneumatic seed roller 3, the seedling tray is clamped by the pneumatic seed roller 3 or the lateral clamping mechanism and moves synchronously and intermittently with the pneumatic seed roller 3 or the lateral clamping mechanism, and the row number of the seed holes 31 on the pneumatic seed roller 3, the hole site number of each row, the interval between each row and the intermittent rotation frequency and amplitude of the roller are all matched with the length and width size specification of the seedling tray 4, the number of the seedling holes 41 and the distribution of the seedling holes 41, so that each rotation of the pneumatic seed roller 3 can ensure that the seed holes 31 of the row at the bottom just face the row of the seedling holes 41 which the seedling tray 4 moves right, and the next rotation of the pneumatic seed roller 3 ensures that the seed holes 31 of the next row are positioned at the bottom and just face the next row of the seedling holes 41 which the seedling tray 4 moves next.

Preferably, the lateral clamping mechanism includes: the lateral conveyer belts 22 are arranged at the two side ends of the seedling tray conveyer belt 2, the lateral conveyer belts 22 clamp the seedling tray 4 from the two sides of the seedling tray 4 and convey the seedling tray 4 through the pneumatic seed metering roller 3, the lateral conveyer belts 22 are conveyed in an intermittent mode, and the intermittent start and stop of the conveying are synchronous with the intermittent rotation start and stop of the pneumatic seed metering roller 3. The lateral conveyer belt 22 is positioned at the inner side below the pneumatic seeding roller 3 and is provided with a clamping mechanism capable of transversely stretching, and after the clamping mechanisms at two ends simultaneously stretch out, the lateral conveyer belt 22 can be driven to tightly contact the side walls at two ends of the seedling tray 4, so that the seedling tray 4 enters and passes through the pneumatic seeding roller 3 along with the intermittent conveying of the lateral conveyer belt 22 in an intermittent advancing manner to finish seeding; the clamping mechanism is at least one driven roller 27 which is transversely arranged, and the driven roller 27 is transversely arranged on a telescopic member 28 and extends or retracts along with the telescopic member; the side conveyor belt 22 is not normally in contact with the seedling raising tray 4. The side conveyer belt 22 is distributed in a side-standing manner, two ends of the side conveyer belt are installed through the installation rods 24 which are vertically distributed and installed, one installation rod 24 is a driving rod, the end head of the installation rod is provided with a driving wheel 25, the other installation rod 24 is a driven rod, the end head of the installation rod is provided with a driven wheel 26, the side conveyer belt 22 is sleeved on the driving wheel 25 and the driven wheel 26 and rotates through the driving wheel 25; the lateral conveyer belt 22 is positioned at the inner side below the pneumatic seeding roller 3 and is provided with a clamping mechanism capable of transversely stretching, and after the clamping mechanisms at two ends extend out simultaneously, the lateral conveyer belt 22 can be driven to tightly contact the side walls at two ends of the seedling tray 4, so that the seedling tray 4 enters and passes through the pneumatic seeding roller 3 in an intermittent advancing mode along with the intermittent conveying of the lateral conveyer belt 22 to finish seeding. The clamping mechanism is at least one driven roller 27 which is transversely arranged, and the driven roller 27 is transversely arranged on a telescopic member 28 and extends or retracts along with the telescopic member; the side conveyor belt 22 is not normally in contact with the seedling raising tray 4. In this embodiment, the mechanism for driving the driven roller 27 of the clamping mechanism to extend and retract is already the prior art, and can be implemented by using a telescopic structure and a telescopic device, such as a push rod of the air cylinder 79, and no further description is provided in this embodiment. The pneumatic seeding roller 3 and the lateral conveyer belt 22 run in a mode of synchronous same frequency and same phase relative displacement, so that the relative accuracy of the positions of the seeding holes 31 of each row and the seedling holes 41 of each row is guaranteed; the problem that the error amount is gradually amplified due to the accumulation of errors in the continuous operation process of the traditional seed sowing mechanism, and the final recalibration and repositioning are needed is solved; the intermittent motion can accurately divide the pneumatic seeding roller 3 into equal parts, the seeding holes 31 arranged at each equal division angle are matched with the accurate frequency control of the accurate intermittent speed reducer, the chain transmission is utilized to realize accurate single positioning and single seeding, the machine is stopped after one week, when the machine is started next time, a new period is formed, continuous influence does not exist between adjacent periods, the original continuous operation is changed into a periodic and disjunction seeding mode, the control that each seeding is in the same precision is realized, the continuous and automatic operation for a long time is ensured, and the precision is obviously improved.

Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, the lateral clamping mechanism further comprises a second photoelectric sensor 62, which is installed at a position of the seedling tray 4 that is about to enter the lower portion of the pneumatic seed roller 3, and is used for detecting that the seedling tray 4 is about to enter the lower portion of the pneumatic seed roller 3 for seed discharging, sending a signal to enable the controller to control the pneumatic seed roller 3 and the lateral conveyor belt 22 to start, and stopping the pneumatic seed roller 3 and the lateral conveyor belt 22 when the seedling tray 4 is not detected. The power output mechanism comprises a motor 7, the motor 7 is connected to a clutch coupling 72 through a worm reduction box 71, the clutch coupling 72 is connected with an intermittent rotation reduction box 73, and the power transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain 74, is arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction box 73 and the pneumatic seed metering roller 3 and is matched with a tensioning gear 75 for use; the stepless speed change belt 76 is arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction box 73 and the corner box 77 and is matched with the tension pulley 78 for use, the corner box 77 is in transmission connection with the lateral conveying belt 22 through a chain, the pneumatic mechanism comprises an air cylinder 79, and a plurality of air pipes and air valves which are connected with the air cylinder 79 and are used for being matched with the rotary air cylinder 70 to be connected with the seedling tray aligning guide rod 21 and controlling the seedling tray to be screwed down or screwed up; and is used for being butted with the pneumatic seeding roller 3 through the air exchange rotor and controlling the adsorption or seeding of the positive and negative air pressure on the seeds 5.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and boundary.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a seed metering structure that cylinder and synchronous intermittent type formula of cave dish rotated and advanced, which comprises a frame (1), install the power take off mechanism in frame (1), power transmission mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, the seedling tray that advances on frame (1), be equipped with pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) directly over seedling tray (4) advancing direction, it can follow pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3) below through to educate seedling tray (4), be equipped with seed metering hole (31) that a plurality of rows arranged along length on pneumatic seed metering cylinder (3), its characterized in that:

the pneumatic seed discharging roller (3) can realize axial intermittent rotation through the power transmission mechanism, and the seedling raising plate (4) moves forwards intermittently in synchronization with the intermittent frequency of the pneumatic seed discharging roller (3) when passing through the lower part of the pneumatic seed discharging roller (3) until the seedling raising plate (4) passes through the pneumatic seed discharging roller (3) and seed discharging is completed in a seedling hole of the seedling raising plate.

2. The seeding structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of the drum and the hole disc as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the seedling-raising disc (4) is clamped by the pneumatic seeding drum (3) or the lateral clamping mechanism when passing under the pneumatic seeding drum (3) and synchronously intermittent advancing with the pneumatic seeding drum (3) or the lateral clamping mechanism, and the row number of the seeding holes (31) on the pneumatic seeding drum (3), the hole site number of each row, the interval between each row, the frequency and the amplitude of intermittent rotation of the drum are all matched with the length and width size specification of the seedling-raising disc (4), the number of the seedling holes (41) and the distribution of the seedling holes (41), so that each rotation of the pneumatic seeding drum (3) can make the seeding holes (31) of the lowest row directly face the row of seedling holes (41) which the seedling-raising disc (4) has just advanced, and the next rotation of the pneumatic seeding drum (3), the seed discharging hole (31) of the next row is positioned at the lowest part and is opposite to the next row of seedling holes (41) after the next advancing of the seedling raising plate (4).

3. A seed metering structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancement of a roller and a plug as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the lateral clamping mechanism comprises: the lateral conveying belts (22) are installed at the two side ends of the seedling tray conveying belt (2), the lateral conveying belts (22) clamp the seedling tray (4) from the two sides of the seedling tray (4) and convey the seedling tray through the pneumatic seed sowing roller (3), the lateral conveying belts (22) are conveyed in an intermittent mode, and the intermittent start and stop of conveying are synchronous with the intermittent rotation start and stop of the pneumatic seed sowing roller (3).

4. A seed metering structure with synchronous and intermittent rotation and advancing of a roller and a plug disc as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the side conveyer belts (22) are distributed in a side-standing manner, two ends of the side conveyer belts are installed through installation rods (24) which are vertically distributed and installed, one installation rod (24) is a driving rod, the end of the side conveyer belt is provided with a driving wheel (25), the other installation rod (24) is a driven rod, the end of the side conveyer belt is provided with a driven wheel (26), and the side conveyer belts (22) are sleeved on the driving wheel (25) and the driven wheel (26) and rotate through the driving wheel (25).

5. The seeding structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of the roller and the hole disc as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the lateral conveyer belt (22) is positioned at the inner side below the pneumatic seeding roller (3) and is provided with a clamping mechanism capable of stretching transversely, after the clamping mechanisms at two ends extend out simultaneously, the lateral conveyer belt (22) can be driven to tightly contact the side walls at two ends of the seedling tray (4), so that the seedling tray (4) enters and passes through the pneumatic seeding roller (3) along with the intermittent conveying of the lateral conveyer belt (22) in an intermittent advancing mode, and the seeding is completed; the clamping mechanism is at least one driven roller (27) which is transversely arranged, and the driven roller (27) is transversely arranged on the telescopic member (28) and extends or retracts along with the telescopic member; the lateral conveyer belt (22) is not contacted with the seedling raising plate (4) under a normal state.

6. The seed metering structure with the drum and the hole tray synchronously and intermittently rotating and advancing as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the lateral clamping mechanism further comprises a second photoelectric sensor (62) which is arranged at a position of the seedling tray (4) to enter the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering drum (3) and is used for detecting that the seedling tray (4) is about to enter the lower part of the pneumatic seed metering drum (3) for seed metering, sending a signal to enable the controller to control the pneumatic seed metering drum (3) and the lateral conveyer belt (22) to start, and stopping the pneumatic seed metering drum (3) and the lateral conveyer belt (22) when the seedling tray (4) is not detected.

7. A seed metering structure with synchronous intermittent rotation and advancing of a roller and a plug according to claim 3, characterized in that the power output mechanism comprises a motor (7), the motor (7) is connected to a clutch coupling (72) through a worm reduction box (71), the clutch coupling (72) and an intermittent rotation reduction box (73),

the power transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain (74) which is arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction gearbox (73) and the pneumatic seed metering roller (3) and is matched with a tensioning gear (75) for use; a stepless speed change belt (76) arranged between the intermittent rotation reduction gearbox (73) and the corner box (77) and used in cooperation with a tension pulley (78), the corner box (77) is in transmission connection with the lateral conveying belt (22) through a chain,

the pneumatic mechanism comprises a cylinder (79), a plurality of air pipes and air valves connected with the cylinder (79), and is used for being matched with the rotary cylinder (70) to be connected with the seedling tray aligning guide rod (21) to control the seedling tray to rotate down or up; and is used for being butted to the pneumatic seeding roller (3) through the air exchange rotor and controlling the adsorption or seeding of the positive and negative air pressure to the seeds (5).