CN216960285U - Air-cooled plasma generator - Google Patents
Air-cooled plasma generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN216960285U CN216960285U CN202220694472.1U CN202220694472U CN216960285U CN 216960285 U CN216960285 U CN 216960285U CN 202220694472 U CN202220694472 U CN 202220694472U CN 216960285 U CN216960285 U CN 216960285U
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of plasma generators, and more particularly, to an air-cooled plasma generator, including: the anode cooling system comprises a shell, an anode gas cooling system and a gas inlet system, wherein the shell is in a straight cylinder shape, the rear end of the shell is provided with an anode flange, the anode flange is provided with a cooling gas inlet communicated with the anode gas cooling system, and the rear end of the anode flange is provided with a working gas inlet communicated with the gas inlet system; the anode gas cooling system comprises a cooling channel which extends to the front end of the anode electrode from a cooling gas inlet and is conducted to the opposite direction of the plasma jet; the gas inlet system includes a working gas passage extending from the working gas inlet to the forward end of the cathode electrode and directing gas axially inwardly of the cathode electrode into the anode electrode. The cathode electrode adopts a structure that working medium gas is used for air cooling, so that long-term stable operation can be kept and the arc starting success rate of the electrode is improved; the anode electrode is cooled in a gas cooling mode of gas reflux, so that the cooling liquid can be prevented from participating in the reaction.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of plasma generators, in particular to an air-cooled plasma generator.
Background
The arc plasma is widely applied to the fields of arc plasma ignition, plasma cutting processing, plasma spraying and the like of a pulverized coal boiler at present, the traditional plasma electrode has high working temperature, the low-power and intermittent cutting and welding plasma can adopt air cooling, the high-power plasma electrode needs to use liquid cooling for long-term working, but cooling liquid in the liquid cooling mode easily participates in reaction, and a plasma generator can consume a part of power supply power due to certain magnetic hysteresis of the cooling liquid in a cooling device, so that the efficiency of the plasma generator is reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the cooling structure to solve the problems of unreasonable cooling structure and poor heat dissipation effect of the high-power plasma electrode.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the present invention is to provide a gas-cooled plasma generator to solve the problems noted in the background art.
The embodiment of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: an air-cooled plasma generator includes a housing, an anode air-cooling system and an air intake system,
the shell is in a straight cylinder shape, the rear end of the shell is provided with an anode flange, the anode flange is provided with a cooling gas inlet communicated with an anode gas cooling system, and the rear end of the anode flange is provided with a working gas inlet communicated with a gas inlet system;
the anode gas cooling system comprises a cooling channel which extends to the front end of the anode electrode from the cooling gas inlet and is conducted to the opposite direction of the plasma jet;
the gas inlet system comprises a working gas channel which extends from the working gas inlet to the front end of the cathode electrode and guides gas inwards along the axial direction of the cathode electrode to enter the anode electrode.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cathode electrode includes a cathode body and a tungsten rod, the tungsten rod is embedded in the center of the front end of the cathode body, the cathode body forms a cathode inner tube body around the tungsten rod, and the working gas channels are distributed outside the cathode inner tube body, wherein the space in the working gas channels corresponding to the cathode electrode is formed by an inlet portion, an inner tube portion and an outlet portion, and the outlet portion is configured to guide the working gas inward along the axial direction of the cathode inner tube body.
According to a preferred embodiment, the working gas channel has a decreasing pore size from the inlet portion to the outlet portion.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the inner tube portion and the outlet portion is an annular surface, on which a plurality of through-holes for the passage of the working gas are distributed.
According to a preferred embodiment, the outlet portion is provided with a cathode end cover at the periphery thereof, the cathode end cover is provided with a cathode end cover air passage and a cathode end cover rotation direction air hole, and the cathode end cover air passage and the cathode end cover rotation direction air hole form the outlet portion.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cathode end cap spiral-direction air hole is configured as a tangential angle inclined hole, so that the formed discharge arc drop point is at the front end tip of the tungsten rod.
According to a preferred embodiment, the anode electrode includes an anode body and a reflow cover installed at a front end of the anode body;
the cooling channels are distributed along the axial direction of the anode main body, wherein the cooling channels form an air inlet channel corresponding to the space in the anode electrode, a backflow channel is formed between the peripheral space of the cooling channels corresponding to the anode electrode and the backflow cover, and the backflow channel is configured to conduct cooling gas to the opposite direction of plasma jet.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cooling passage has a gradually decreasing bore diameter from the inlet passage to the return passage.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the anode body is an annular surface, and a plurality of through holes for flowing cooling gas are distributed on the annular surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, the inner side wall of the cooling channel is provided with an inner positioning gas ring, the outer circumferential surface of the inner positioning gas ring is connected with the shell, the inner circumferential surface of the inner positioning gas ring is connected with the cathode motor, and the front end surface of the inner positioning gas ring is connected with the anode electrode so as to realize the insulation of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) the cathode electrode can stably run for a long time by adopting working medium gas for gas cooling without cooling liquid; (2) the working medium gas can be accelerated to be the rotary working gas, the formed discharge arc drop point is at the tip of the tungsten rod, and the success rate of arc starting is high; (3) the anode electrode is cooled by adopting a gas cooling mode of gas backflow, so that the phenomenon that cooling liquid participates in reaction when the liquid is cooled can be avoided; (4) by optimizing the electrode cooling structure, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect are improved; (5) the method has wider application range and can be effectively applied to the industries of plasma ignition, plasma heating, plasma gasification and melting, plasma nano material preparation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear end of a generator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front end of a generator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cathode inner tube body provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inner tube portion and an outlet portion provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anode body provided in example 1 of the present invention;
icon: 1-housing, 2-anode flange, 3-cooling gas inlet, 4-working gas inlet, 5-cooling channel, 6-working gas channel, 7-cathode body, 8-tungsten rod, 9-cathode inner tube body, 10-inlet part, 11-inner tube part, 12-outlet part, 13-cathode end cover, 14-anode body, 15-reflux cover, 16-gas inlet channel, 17-reflux channel, 18-inner locating gas ring, 19-cathode-anode insulating flange, 20-cathode flange, 21-insulator, 22-small anode electrode, 23-cathode rod, 24-cooling gas connecting nozzle, 25-working gas connecting nozzle, 26-central arc channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Example 1
The research of the applicant finds that except that the plasma for cutting and welding with low power and intermittent work can be air-cooled, the high-power plasma electrode needs to be cooled by liquid for long-term work, but the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling mode is easy to participate in reaction, and the plasma generator consumes a part of power of a power supply because the cooling liquid in the cooling device has certain magnetic hysteresis, so that the efficiency of the plasma generator is reduced.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides an air-cooled plasma generator to solve the problems of unreasonable cooling structure and poor heat dissipation of the high-power plasma electrode pointed out in the background art.
The specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rear end of the generator, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front end of the generator.
The gas-cooled plasma generator provided by the embodiment comprises a shell 1, an anode gas-cooled system and an air inlet system, wherein the shell 1 is in a straight cylinder shape, an anode flange 2 is arranged at the rear end of the shell 1, a cooling gas inlet 3 communicated with the anode gas-cooled system is arranged on the anode flange 2, a working gas inlet 4 communicated with the air inlet system, a cathode-anode insulating flange 19 for insulating a cathode and an anode, a cathode flange 20 and an insulator 21 for electrically separating the large anode from the small anode are arranged at the rear end of the anode flange 2, the air inlet directions of the cooling gas inlet 3 and the working gas inlet 4 are the same, a small anode 22 communicated with the small anode is arranged at the rear end of the cathode flange 20, and the front end of a cathode rod 23 penetrates through the core of the generator and extends to the front end of the generator.
The anode gas cooling system comprises a cooling channel 5 which extends to the front end of the anode electrode from the cooling gas inlet 3 and is conducted to the opposite direction of the plasma jet, wherein a cooling gas connecting nozzle 24 is arranged at the cooling gas inlet 3 and is specifically provided with an external connecting thread, so that the tight threaded connection with the outside is facilitated.
Further, the anode electrode includes an anode body 14 and a reflow cover 15, and the reflow cover 15 is installed at the front end of the anode body 14; the cooling channels 5 are distributed along the axial direction of the anode body 14, wherein the cooling channels 5 form an air inlet channel 16 corresponding to the space inside the anode electrode, the cooling channels 5 form a return channel 17 corresponding to the space between the periphery of the anode electrode and the return cover 15, and the return channel 17 is configured to conduct cooling gas to the opposite direction of the plasma jet. During the actual cooling process, the cooling gas enters the cooling gas inlet 3 and flows along the cooling channel 5, and finally is discharged out of the generator in the reverse direction of the plasma jet through the backflow channel 17 at the front end of the generator, so that the cooling gas is prevented from influencing the plasma jet. It should be noted that, when the cooling channel 5 operates, a sufficient amount of air needs to be maintained to take away a large amount of heat through the cooling channel 5, so as to prevent the anode from melting under the burning of the high-temperature arc, and prolong the service life of the anode.
Further, in this embodiment, the aperture of the cooling channel 5 from the inlet channel 16 to the return channel 17 is gradually reduced, and with the above structure, the flow speed of the cooling gas can be effectively increased after entering, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect.
Further, in this embodiment, the cross section of the anode main body 14 is an annular surface, and a plurality of air holes for cooling air to flow through are distributed on the annular surface, so as to increase the contact area between the cooling air and the electrode, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect. In this embodiment, the central arc passage 26 of the anode electrode is composed of the working gas inlet 4, the compression passage and the nozzle which are connected in sequence, and the inner diameter of the central arc passage 26 from the working gas inlet 4 to the nozzle is in a changing state of decreasing and then increasing. It should be noted that, when the working gas in the direction of rotation forming the arc enters the working gas inlet 4 and enters the expanded nozzle after being effectively compressed in the compression channel, the arc is effectively amplified and directly ejected from the nozzle to form a plasma jet. It should be noted that, by the design that the inner diameter of the central arc channel 26 from the working gas inlet 4 to the nozzle is changed in a state of decreasing and then increasing, the structure is beneficial to arc divergence, and the service life of the anode can be effectively prolonged. Specifically, the anode main body 14 is made of red copper with high electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity; the backflow cover 15 is made of high-temperature-resistant and oxidation-resistant 310S stainless steel.
The air intake system include by working gas entry 4 extends to the cathode electrode front end and along the axial of cathode electrode inwards guide gaseous working gas passageway 6 that gets into the anode electrode, 4 departments of working gas entry are provided with working gas connector 25, specifically set up to external connection screw thread, conveniently carry out inseparable threaded connection with the outside. In the actual working process, working gas flows along the working gas channel 6 after entering from the working gas inlet 4, and finally is guided at the front end of the cathode electrode to form a large anode which is rotated to the direction of gas entering the generator, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation effect on the electrode is achieved.
Referring to fig. 4, further, the cathode electrode includes a cathode body 7 and a tungsten rod 8, the tungsten rod 8 is embedded in the center of the front end of the cathode body 7, and the thermal embedding is tight fit, so as to enhance the electrical conduction and the heat dissipation; the cathode main body 7 forms a cathode inner tube main body 9 at the periphery of the tungsten rod 8, and the tip of the tungsten rod 8 protrudes out of the cathode inner tube main body 9; in this embodiment, the discharge portion is made of a high temperature resistant cerium tungsten rod 8, thereby prolonging the service life of the electrode. The working gas channel 6 is distributed outside the cathode inner tube body 9, wherein the space in the cathode electrode corresponding to the working gas channel 6 is composed of an inlet portion 10, an inner tube portion 11, and an outlet portion 12, and the outlet portion 12 is configured to guide the working gas inward in the axial direction of the cathode inner tube body 9.
Further, in this embodiment, a cathode end cover 13 is disposed on the periphery of the outlet portion 12, the cathode end cover 13 is provided with a cathode end cover air passage and a cathode end cover spiral air hole, and the cathode end cover air passage and the cathode end cover spiral air hole form the outlet portion 12.
Further, the aperture of the working gas channel 6 from the inlet part 10 to the outlet part 12 is gradually reduced, and the flow rate of the working medium gas flowing through can be accelerated by the arrangement that the aperture of the spiral air hole of the cathode end cover is greatly reduced compared with the air channel of the cathode end cover. In one embodiment of this embodiment, the cathode end cap spin-on gas holes are configured as tangential angle inclined holes, so that the working medium gas enters the large anode of the generator in an accelerated spin-on state, and the formed discharge arc drop point is at the tip of the front end of the tungsten rod 8, so that the electrode has high success rate of starting arc.
Referring to fig. 5, in an implementation manner of this embodiment, the cross sections of the inner tube portion 11 and the outlet portion 12 are annular surfaces, and a plurality of air holes for flowing the working gas are distributed on the annular surfaces, so as to increase the contact area between the working medium gas and the electrode, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect.
Further, in an embodiment of the present embodiment, an inner side wall of the cooling channel 5 is provided with an inner positioning air ring 18, an outer circumferential surface of the inner positioning air ring 18 is connected with the housing 1, an inner circumferential surface is connected with the cathode motor, and a front end surface is connected with the anode electrode for realizing insulation of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.
In summary, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) the cathode electrode can stably run for a long time by adopting working medium gas for gas cooling without cooling liquid; (2) the working medium gas can be accelerated to be the rotary working gas, the formed discharge arc drop point is at the tip of the tungsten rod, and the success rate of arc starting is high; (3) the anode electrode is cooled by adopting a gas cooling mode of gas backflow, so that the phenomenon that cooling liquid participates in reaction when the liquid is cooled can be avoided; (4) by optimizing the electrode cooling structure, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect are improved; (5) the method has wider application range and can be effectively applied to the industries of plasma ignition, plasma heating, plasma gasification and melting, plasma nano material preparation and the like.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The air-cooled plasma generator is characterized by comprising a shell (1), an anode air-cooled system and an air inlet system,
the shell (1) is in a straight cylinder shape, an anode flange (2) is arranged at the rear end of the shell (1), a cooling gas inlet (3) communicated with an anode gas cooling system is formed in the anode flange (2), and a working gas inlet (4) communicated with a gas inlet system is formed in the rear end of the anode flange (2);
the anode gas cooling system comprises a cooling channel (5) which extends from the cooling gas inlet (3) to the front end of the anode electrode and is conducted to the opposite direction of the plasma jet;
the gas inlet system comprises a working gas channel (6) which extends from the working gas inlet (4) to the front end of the cathode electrode and guides gas inwards along the axial direction of the cathode electrode into the anode electrode.
2. The gas-cooled plasma generator according to claim 1, wherein the cathode electrode includes a cathode main body (7) and a tungsten rod (8), the tungsten rod (8) is embedded in a center of a front end of the cathode main body (7), and the cathode main body (7) constitutes a cathode inner tube main body (9) at a periphery of the tungsten rod (8), the working gas passages (6) are distributed outside the cathode inner tube main body (9), wherein a space in the working gas passages (6) corresponding to the cathode electrode is constituted by an inlet portion (10), an inner tube portion (11), and an outlet portion (12), and the outlet portion (12) is configured to guide the working gas inward in an axial direction of the cathode inner tube main body (9).
3. The gas-cooled plasma generator of claim 2, wherein the aperture of the working gas channel (6) decreases gradually from the inlet section (10) to the outlet section (12).
4. The gas-cooled plasma generator of claim 2, wherein the cross-section of the inner tube portion (11) and the outlet portion (12) is an annular surface having a plurality of gas holes distributed thereon for the working gas to flow through.
5. The air-cooled plasma generator of claim 2, wherein the outlet portion (12) is peripherally provided with a cathode end cap (13), the cathode end cap (13) being provided with a cathode end cap air passage and a cathode end cap spiral air hole, the cathode end cap air passage and the cathode end cap spiral air hole forming the outlet portion (12).
6. The air-cooled plasma generator of claim 5, wherein the cathode end cap spiral air holes are configured as tangentially angled holes to create a discharge arc landing point at the tip of the front end of the tungsten rod (8).
7. The air-cooled plasma generator of claim 1, wherein the anode electrode includes an anode body (14) and a return cover (15), the return cover (15) being mounted at a front end of the anode body (14);
the cooling channels (5) are distributed along the axial direction of the anode body (14), wherein the cooling channels (5) form an air inlet channel (16) corresponding to the space in the anode electrode, a backflow channel (17) is formed between the peripheral space of the cooling channels (5) corresponding to the anode electrode and the backflow cover (15), and the backflow channel (17) is configured to conduct cooling gas to the opposite direction of the plasma jet.
8. The air-cooled plasma generator of claim 7, wherein the cooling passage (5) has a gradually decreasing pore size from the intake passage (16) to the return passage (17).
9. The gas-cooled plasma generator of claim 7, wherein the anode body (14) has an annular cross-section with a plurality of gas holes disposed therein for the flow of cooling gas.
10. The air-cooled plasma generator of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cooling duct (5) has an inner positioning air ring (18) on the inner side wall, the outer circumferential surface of the inner positioning air ring (18) is connected to the housing (1), the inner circumferential surface is connected to the cathode motor, and the front end surface is connected to the anode electrode for insulating the anode electrode from the cathode electrode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220694472.1U CN216960285U (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | Air-cooled plasma generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220694472.1U CN216960285U (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | Air-cooled plasma generator |
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| CN216960285U true CN216960285U (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118204502A (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-06-18 | 畅的新材料科技（上海）有限公司 | Electrode device for metal evaporation |
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2022
- 2022-03-28 CN CN202220694472.1U patent/CN216960285U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118204502A (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-06-18 | 畅的新材料科技（上海）有限公司 | Electrode device for metal evaporation |
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