CN216914854U - 3D printer suitable for multiple material is printed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D printer suitable for printing multiple materials, which comprises a shell and a sprayer, wherein a controller is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, a workbench is arranged in the shell, a spray runner is arranged in the sprayer, at least two feeding runners communicated with the spray runner are arranged on the side surface of the spray runner, a cleaning runner communicated with the spray runner is arranged right above the spray runner, a material storage box is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, a feeding driving device is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell and communicated with the feeding runners, a water storage tank is arranged at the top of the shell, a booster pump communicated with the water storage tank is arranged on the inner top wall of the shell, the booster pump is communicated with the cleaning runner, and electromagnetic valves are arranged on a feeding pipe and a water inlet pipe. The utility model realizes seamless switching between different materials by the same spray head without additionally arranging a plurality of spray heads and simultaneously cleans the spray flow channel, thereby ensuring that the condition of mutual interference among different sprayed materials can not be caused and ensuring that the quality of printed products is qualified.

Description

3D printer suitable for multiple material is printed

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer suitable for printing of various materials.

Background

A 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer (3DP), is a machine that is an additive manufacturing technique, i.e., a rapid prototyping technique, which is based on a digital model file, and manufactures a three-dimensional object by printing a layer of adhesive material on a layer by layer using an adhesive material such as a special wax material, powdered metal, or plastic. State of the art three-dimensional printers are used to manufacture products. Techniques for building objects in a layer-by-layer printing manner. The principle of the 3D printer is that data and raw materials are put into the 3D printer, and the machine can build the product layer by layer according to the program. The 3D printer stacks sheets in various forms. The 3D printer differs from the traditional printer in that the "ink" used in it is a real raw material, and the form of the stacked thin layers is various, and the media available for printing are various, from a wide range of plastics to metals, ceramics and rubber-like substances.

The basic principle of 3D printing is layered processing and superposition forming, i.e. a 3D entity is generated by adding materials layer by layer, when 3D printing is performed, a controller obtains a three-dimensional model of an object to be printed by means of design, scanning and the like, a series of digital slices are completed in a certain direction by a computer aided design technology (e.g. CAD), information of the slices is transmitted to a 3D printer, a controller generates a machine instruction according to the slices, the 3D printer prints out thin layers according to the machine instruction, and stacks the continuous thin layers until a solid object is molded to form a three-dimensional solid object, thereby completing 3D printing.

Because many products have more than two kinds of different colours or be by the material composition of more than two kinds of different materials, and current 3D printer need frequent change raw materials when printing the three-dimensional product of constituteing by multiple colour or multiple material, not only troublesome poeration, can influence the printing quality of product owing to the existence of incomplete material in the shower nozzle moreover. Meanwhile, various current rapid prototyping technologies all face the problem of rapid material conversion, various actual parts or products are rarely made of a single material, so that 3D printing equipment is required to meet the requirement of multi-material printing, the current 3D printing field focuses on single-material workpieces, the multiple materials are printed, a plurality of printing heads are required to be arranged together for assembly, the number of the required printing heads is large, the price of the spray head is high, the cost is high, and the motor attached to each printing head causes the overall size of the printing head to be large, so that the effective prototyping size is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a 3D printer suitable for printing of multiple materials, which is used for realizing seamless switching of different materials by one nozzle without additionally arranging a plurality of nozzles, and cleaning a spray flow channel by a cleaning liquid with high pressure sprayed by an increasing pump in the cleaning flow channel after switching of different feeding flow channels, so that the condition that the different materials are sprayed without mutual interference is ensured, and the quality of printed products is qualified.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

A3D printer suitable for printing multiple materials comprises a shell and a spray head used for printing, a controller connected with the 3D printer is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, the controller is connected with an external power supply, a workbench is arranged in the shell, the spray head is arranged above the workbench, a spray runner used for spraying materials is arranged in the spray head, at least two feeding runners communicated with the spray runner are arranged on the side surface of the spray runner, a cleaning runner communicated with the spray runner is arranged right above the spray runner, a material storage box is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, a feeding driving device corresponding to and communicated with the material storage box is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell, the feeding driving device is communicated with the feeding runner through a feeding pipe, a water storage tank is arranged at the top of the shell, a booster pump communicated with the water storage tank is arranged on the inner top wall of the shell, and is communicated with the cleaning runner through a water inlet pipe, the feed pipe and the water inlet pipe are both provided with electromagnetic valves communicated with the controller;

the three-dimensional driving mechanism comprises a first rack, two second racks vertically and symmetrically arranged, two third racks horizontally and symmetrically arranged, the first rack is transversely arranged above the workbench, two ends of the first rack are connected with the second racks in a sliding mode, the lower ends of the second racks are connected with the third racks in a sliding mode, a first motor in sliding connection with the first rack is arranged on the first rack, the output end of the first motor is meshed with the first rack through a driving gear, the spray head is downwards fixed on a motor shell, the end portion of the first rack and the end portion of the second rack are respectively provided with a second motor and a third motor, the output end of the second motor is meshed with the second rack through the driving gear, the output end of the third motor is meshed with the third racks through the driving gear, and the three motors are all connected with the controller.

Optionally, the side surfaces of the first rack, the second rack and the third rack are provided with smooth surfaces, dovetail grooves which are sunken along the length direction of the smooth surfaces are formed in the smooth surfaces, the bottom surface of the first motor is provided with a sliding plate, dovetail blocks are arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding plate, two ends of the first rack and the lower end of the second rack, and the dovetail blocks are embedded into the dovetail grooves in a sliding mode.

Optionally, the teeth of the first rack face upward, the teeth of the two second racks face opposite, and the teeth of the two third racks face upward.

Optionally, the upper end of the second rack is provided with a guide wheel, the guide wheel is slidably arranged in a chute on the inner top surface of the shell, and the chute is parallel to the third rack and has the same length as the third rack.

Optionally, the workstation side is equipped with the bilge pit, and the bilge pit is connected with the blow off pipe that runs through the casing.

Optionally, the feed pipe and the water inlet pipe are both rubber pipes.

Optionally, the spray head is a voltage type spray head.

Optionally, the controller is a PLC or a single chip microcomputer.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the utility model, a plurality of feeding runners are designed in the spray head and are simultaneously communicated with the spraying runner, different feeding runners are communicated with different storage boxes, different printing materials are conveyed into different feeding runners through the feeding driving device, the electromagnetic valves are used for controlling the connection or the blockage of different feeding pipes, so that the seamless switching between different materials of the same spray head can be realized, a plurality of spray heads are not required to be additionally arranged, and after the switching of different feeding runners is carried out, the spraying runners can be cleaned by a cleaning liquid with high pressure sprayed by an increasing pump in the cleaning runner, so that the condition that the mutual interference among different sprayed materials is avoided, and the quality of the printed product is qualified.

2. The shower nozzle can be removed about first rack length direction under the drive of first motor, and first rack can be followed second rack length direction and reciprocated under the drive of second motor, and the second rack can be followed third rack length direction back-and-forth movement under the drive of third motor, stops through opening of controller control each motor like this, and gear drive is accurate, and the direction position of more accurate control shower nozzle three-dimensional removal is convenient for better carry out the 3D of product and is printed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the showerhead;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a third rack.

Reference numerals: 1-shell, 2-spray head, 3-spray flow channel, 4-feed flow channel, 5-cleaning flow channel, 6-first rack, 7-second rack, 8-third rack, 9-first motor, 10-second motor, 11-third motor, 12-dovetail block, 13-dovetail groove, 14-workbench, 15-sewage tank, 16-blow-off pipe, 17-controller, 18-feed driving device, 19-storage tank, 20-booster pump, 21-water storage tank, 22-feed pipe, 23-guide wheel, 24-water inlet pipe, 25-slide plate, 26-drive gear and 27-electromagnetic valve.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element that is referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "opened," "installed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1

A3D printer suitable for printing on various materials comprises a shell 1 and a spray head 2 used for printing, wherein a controller 17 connected with the 3D printer is arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1, the controller 17 is connected with an external power supply, a workbench 14 is arranged in the shell 1, the spray head 2 is arranged above the workbench 14, a spray runner 3 used for spraying materials is arranged in the spray head 2, at least two feeding runners 4 communicated with the spray runner 3 are arranged on the side surface of the spray runner 3, the number of the spray runners 3 is corresponding to the number of the materials to be sprayed, the spray runners can be increased or decreased, a plurality of the feeding runners 4 which are not needed can be plugged by plugging plugs, a cleaning runner 5 communicated with the spray runner 3 is arranged right above the spray runner 3, a storage box 19 is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell 1, and a feeding driving device 18 corresponding to and communicated with the storage box 19 is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell 1, the feeding driving device 18 is communicated with the feeding flow passage 4 through a feeding pipe 22, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a water storage tank 21, the inner top wall of the shell 1 is provided with a booster pump 20 communicated with the water storage tank 21, the booster pump 20 is communicated with the cleaning flow passage 5 through a water inlet pipe 24, and the feeding pipe 22 and the water inlet pipe 24 are both provided with an electromagnetic valve 27 communicated with the controller 17;

the three-dimensional driving mechanism comprises a first rack 6, two second racks 7 vertically and symmetrically arranged, and two third racks 8 horizontally and symmetrically arranged, the first rack 6 is transversely arranged above the workbench 14, two ends of the first rack are in sliding connection with the second racks 7, the lower end of the second rack 7 is in sliding connection with the third racks 8, a first motor 9 in sliding connection with the first rack 6 is arranged on the first rack 6, the output end of the first motor 9 is meshed with the first rack 6 through a driving gear 26, the spray head 2 is downwards fixed on a motor shell, the end part of the first rack 6 and the end part of the second rack 7 are respectively provided with a second motor 10 and a third motor 11, the output end of the second motor 10 is meshed with the second racks 7 through the driving gear 26, the output end of the third motor 11 is meshed with the third racks 8 through the driving gear 26, and the three motors are all connected with the controller 17.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, when performing 3D printing by using the present invention, first, a three-dimensional model of a three-dimensional solid material object to be printed is designed by processing graphics and material data of the object through computer software, and the three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional solid material object is sliced and layered along an internal direction of the computer corresponding to an actual vertical direction, so as to obtain molding data of each layer. Then, the electromagnetic valve 27, the feeding driving device 18 (prior art), and each motor are controlled by the controller 17, the controller 17 adopts a common PLC or a single chip microcomputer and is connected with an external power supply, corresponding printing materials are put into the corresponding storage tanks 19, the controller 17 controls the opening time of the electromagnetic valve 27 on each feeding pipe 22, materials of different materials enter the feeding flow channel 4 through the corresponding feeding pipe 22 (rubber pipe), and then are ejected through the ejection flow channel 3 to start printing, when the paths of the feeding pipes 22 need to be switched, in order to ensure that the materials remained in the ejection flow channel 3 do not affect subsequent materials, the ejection flow channel 3 is firstly washed at high pressure, the controller 17 controls the booster pump 20 to start, the internal cleaning solution in the storage tank 21 is pressurized and then is conveyed to the cleaning flow channel 5 through the feeding pipe 24 (rubber pipe), and finally is ejected through the ejection flow channel 3, can effectually wash the residue in the injection runner 3 like this, ensure that next material can not be polluted when using, guarantee the quality of later stage product, and be equipped with bilge pit 15 in the 14 sides of workstation, aim at bilge pit 15 with shower nozzle 2 during washing, sewage in the bilge pit 15 is arranged to appointed place through blow off pipe 16, like this alright realize the seamless switching between the different materials with shower nozzle 2, need not to install the shower nozzle 2 of a plurality of quantity additional, when the material is printed in needs switching, the work of solenoid valve 27 of corresponding material, the mobile entering shower nozzle 2 of control material, 3D is printed out the material by the successive layer on workstation 14. Meanwhile, after different feeding channels 4 are switched, the injection channel 3 can be cleaned by adding a pump to inject high-pressure cleaning liquid into the cleaning channel 5, so that the condition that different materials are injected without mutual interference is ensured, and the qualified quality of printed products is ensured.

When printing, shower nozzle 2 (voltage formula shower nozzle 2) need carry out three-dimensional moving, and shower nozzle 2 can carry out horizontal lateral shifting along the length direction of first rack 6 under the drive of first motor 9, first rack 6 reciprocates along 7 length direction of second rack under the drive of second motor 10, second rack 7 can follow 8 length direction back-and-forth movement of third rack under the drive of third motor 11, start-stop through each motor of controller 17 control like this, gear drive is accurate, the direction position of more accurate control shower nozzle 2 three-dimensional moving, thereby accurate 3D prints.

Example 2

The side surfaces of the first rack 6, the second rack 7 and the third rack 8 are provided with smooth surfaces, dovetail grooves 13 which are sunken along the length direction of the smooth surfaces are formed in the smooth surfaces, the bottom surface of the first motor 9 is provided with a sliding plate 25, dovetail blocks 12 are arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 25, two ends of the first rack 6 and the lower end of the second rack 7, and the dovetail blocks 12 are embedded into the dovetail grooves 13 in a sliding mode.

The teeth of the first rack 6 are arranged upwards, the teeth of the two second racks 7 are arranged oppositely, and the teeth of the two third racks 8 are arranged upwards.

The guide wheel 23 is arranged at the upper end of the second rack 7, the guide wheel 23 is arranged in a sliding groove in the inner top surface of the shell 1 in a sliding mode, and the sliding groove is parallel to the third rack 8 and is as long as the third rack 8.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the side surfaces of the three racks are provided with smooth surfaces, that is, half of the racks are planar structures, a dovetail groove 13 is formed on the smooth surface along the length direction of the racks, the dovetail groove 13 is matched with the dovetail block 12 to make the connection more firm and not easy to fall off, the teeth of the first rack 6 are upward, the first motor 9 is fixed on the sliding plate 25, the dovetail block 12 on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 25 is slidably embedded in the dovetail groove 13 of the first rack 6, the driving gear 26 on the output shaft of the first motor 9 is engaged with the first rack 6, so that the controller 17 controls the first motor 9 to operate, the driving gear 26 is matched with the first rack 6, so that the first motor 9 drives the sliding plate 25 to slide transversely along the length direction of the first rack 6, and the spray head 2 can be fixed on the housing of the first motor 9 or fixed on the sliding plate 25, the first motor 9 adopts a servo motor with small vibration, so that the spray head 2 can transversely move on the first rack 6, similarly, dovetail blocks 12 at two ends of the first rack 6 are embedded in dovetail grooves 13 on the second racks 7 at two sides, the second motor 10 is fixed at the end part of the first rack 6, the action of the second motor 10 can drive the first rack 6 to move up and down along the length direction of the second rack 7, so that the spray head 2 can move up and down, the dovetail block 12 at the lower end of the second rack 7 is embedded in the dovetail groove 13 on the third rack 8, the third motor 11 is fixed at the lower end of the second rack 7, the start of the third motor 11 can drive the second rack 7 to move back and forth along the length direction of the third rack 8, so that the spray head 2 can move back and forth, a guide wheel 23 is arranged at the upper end of the second rack 7, the guide wheel 23 is slidably embedded in a chute on the top wall of the shell 1, guide pulley 23 can be more smooth and easy when making second rack 7 back-and-forth movement, also can make simultaneously 7 upper ends of second racks have the support impetus, and the connection of three racks is stable better like this for shower nozzle 2 is more stable when printing, and the three racks slip each other, realize the three-dimensional removal of shower nozzle 2, and then better 3D that realizes the product prints.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a 3D printer suitable for multiple material prints, 3D printer include casing (1) and be used for shower nozzle (2) of printing, are equipped with controller (17) of being connected with the 3D printer on casing (1) outer wall, and controller (17) are connected with external power supply, be equipped with workstation (14) in casing (1), shower nozzle (2) are located workstation (14) top, its characterized in that, shower nozzle (2) inside is equipped with injection runner (3) that are used for spraying the material, and injection runner (3) side is equipped with at least two feeding runner (4) with injection runner (3) switch-on, is equipped with washing runner (5) with injection runner (3) switch-on directly over injection runner (3), is equipped with storage case (19) on casing (1) lateral wall, is equipped with feeding drive arrangement (18) that correspond and communicate with storage case (19) on casing (1) inside wall, the feeding driving device (18) is communicated with the feeding flow channel (4) through a feeding pipe (22), the top of the shell (1) is provided with a water storage tank (21), the inner top wall of the shell (1) is provided with a booster pump (20) communicated with the water storage tank (21), the booster pump (20) is communicated with the cleaning flow channel (5) through a water inlet pipe (24), and the feeding pipe (22) and the water inlet pipe (24) are both provided with electromagnetic valves (27) communicated with the controller (17);

the spray head is characterized by further comprising a three-dimensional driving mechanism, the three-dimensional driving mechanism comprises a first rack (6), two second racks (7) which are vertically and symmetrically arranged, and two third racks (8) which are horizontally and symmetrically arranged, the first rack (6) is transversely arranged above the workbench (14), two ends of the first rack are in sliding connection with the second racks (7), the lower ends of the second racks (7) are in sliding connection with the third racks (8), a first motor (9) which is in sliding connection with the first rack (6) is arranged on the first rack (6), the output end of the first motor (9) is meshed with the first rack (6) through a driving gear (26), the spray head (2) is downwards fixed on a motor shell, the end part of the first rack (6), the end part of the second rack (7) is respectively provided with a second motor (10) and a third motor (11), the output end part of the second motor (10) is meshed with the second racks (7) through the driving gear (26), the output end of the third motor (11) is meshed with the third rack (8) through a driving gear (26), and the three motors are all connected with the controller (17).

2. The 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 1, wherein smooth surfaces are arranged on the side surfaces of the first rack (6), the second rack (7) and the third rack (8), dovetail grooves (13) which are concave along the length direction of the smooth surfaces are formed in the smooth surfaces, a sliding plate (25) is arranged on the bottom surface of the first motor (9), dovetail blocks (12) are arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding plate (25), two ends of the first rack (6) and the lower end of the second rack (7), and the dovetail blocks (12) are slidably embedded into the dovetail grooves (13).

3. 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 2, characterized in that the teeth of the first rack (6) are facing upwards, the teeth of the two second racks (7) are facing upwards and the teeth of the two third racks (8) are facing upwards.

4. The 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 2, wherein the upper end of the second rack (7) is provided with a guide wheel (23), the guide wheel (23) is slidably arranged in a sliding groove on the inner top surface of the housing (1), and the sliding groove and the third rack (8) are parallel to each other and have the same length as the third rack (8).

5. The 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 1, characterized in that a sewage tank (15) is arranged on the side of the workbench (14), and the sewage tank (15) is connected with a sewage pipe (16) penetrating through the shell (1).

6. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein the feed tube (22) and the feed tube (24) are rubber tubes.

7. 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet (2) is a voltage jet (2).

8. The 3D printer suitable for printing on multiple materials according to claim 1, wherein the controller (17) is a PLC or a single chip microcomputer.

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