CN216899570U - Automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a force measuring machine for an automobile clutch diaphragm, which comprises: a base; the two support columns are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top of the base; the mounting rack is arranged at the top ends of the inner sides of the two support columns; the force measuring device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the front side of the mounting rack, and a force measuring probe of the force measuring device corresponds to the middle of the top end of the base; the feeding and discharging mechanisms are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the centering adjusting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the base; and the control center is fixedly arranged on the front side of the feeding and discharging mechanism, and the force measuring device, the feeding and discharging mechanism and the centering adjusting mechanism are electrically connected with the control center. This automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine can go up unloading automatically, need not the manual work and carries, and efficiency is higher, labour saving and time saving, can also carry out the centre gripping to the diaphragm in addition, adds and holds the precision higher, is enough to satisfy the location demand that detects.

Description

Automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile part detection, in particular to an automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine.

Background

The diaphragm spring is one of main elements for ensuring normal work of the automobile clutch, provides pressing force to a clutch driven disc assembly in a forward direction, converts engine output torque into friction torque, and transmits the friction torque to the gearbox so as to drive the automobile to move forwards or backwards, and is also a power cut-off conversion element;

the unable automation of current diaphragm dynamometer goes up unloading, need the manual work to carry mostly, efficiency is lower, waste time and energy, furthermore, because the reason of production technology, there is certain error in the size between the diaphragm that leads to the difference, the dynamometry detects the same position that needs the diaphragm of difference and detects, this kind of detection needs higher location benchmark, current clamping device is provided with the stiff end and removes the end, it can be jointly with the diaphragm centre gripping to remove the end and the stiff end, the stiff end is as the location benchmark, under the condition that there is the error in the diaphragm, this kind of locate mode can be with error magnification at double, can't satisfy the location demand that detects.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine, which at least solves the problems that the prior art cannot automatically load and unload materials and cannot perform centering adjustment on a diaphragm.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: an automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine comprising: a base; the two support columns are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top of the base; the mounting rack is arranged at the top ends of the inner sides of the two support columns; the force measuring device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the front side of the mounting rack, and a force measuring probe of the force measuring device corresponds to the middle of the top end of the base; the feeding and discharging mechanisms are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the centering adjusting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the base; the control center is fixedly arranged on the front side of the feeding and discharging mechanism, and the force measuring device, the feeding and discharging mechanism and the centering adjusting mechanism are electrically connected with the control center;

go up unloading mechanism includes: the two conveyor belt assemblies are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base, the two conveyor belt assemblies are electrically connected with a control center, and the control center is arranged on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly positioned on the front side; the mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly positioned on the front side, positioned on the left side of the control center and corresponding to the position of the dynamometer; the electric control telescopic rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the mounting seat, the output end of the electric control telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the dynamometer, and the electric control telescopic rod is electrically connected with the control center; the push plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of the electric control telescopic rod; the two limiting blocks are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rear side of the push plate; the positioning assembly is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mounting seat, is positioned on the right side of the electric control telescopic rod and is electrically connected with the control center;

the centering adjustment mechanism includes: the cushion block is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the base; the second motor is fixedly arranged at the top end of the cushion block and is electrically connected with the control center; the transmission assembly is arranged at the top end of the inner cavity of the base and is connected with the output end of the second motor; the clamping assemblies are two in number, are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the base and are connected with the transmission assembly.

Preferably, the conveyor belt assembly comprises: the conveying bases of the two conveying belt assemblies are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the two belt wheels are rotatably arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the conveying base respectively; the conveying belt is sleeved on the outer walls of the two belt wheels; the motor frame is arranged at the left end of the outer side of the conveying base; the first motor is installed on the top end of the motor frame, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a belt wheel located on the left side, and the first motor is electrically connected with the control center.

Preferably, the positioning assembly comprises: the sensor bracket is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mounting seat and is positioned on the right side of the electric control telescopic rod; and the proximity switch is arranged at the top end of the sensor bracket and is electrically connected with the control center.

Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises: the two chain wheels are rotatably arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the inner cavity of the base respectively, and the chain wheel positioned on the left side is fixedly connected with the output end of the second motor; and the chain is in matched sleeve joint with the tooth side walls of the two chain wheels.

Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises: the sliding chutes of the two clamping assemblies are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the base; the sliding block is slidably arranged on the side wall of the inner cavity of the sliding groove; the connecting block is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding block and is fixedly connected with the chain; and the clamping blocks are arranged at the top end of the connecting block, and the mounting directions of the clamping blocks of the clamping components are opposite.

Preferably, the connecting blocks of the two clamping assemblies are fixedly connected with the front side and the rear side of the chain respectively.

Preferably, the inner sides of the clamping blocks of the two clamping assemblies are provided with two clamping inclined planes, and the two clamping inclined planes are perpendicular to each other.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the automobile clutch diaphragm force measuring machine, a proximity switch detects that a diaphragm is in place and sends a signal to a control center, the control center controls a first motor located on the front side to brake and drive an output end of an electric control telescopic rod to drive a push plate to move backwards to the top end of a base to carry out feeding, and the push plate continues to push backwards to a conveyer belt on the rear side to complete blanking, so that automatic feeding and blanking are realized, manual carrying is not needed, the efficiency is high, and time and labor are saved; the output end of the second motor is driven by the control center to drive the chain wheel connected with the second motor to rotate, the chain wheel transmits motion and power to the chain through teeth, the chain drives the two connecting blocks to rotate towards the inner side simultaneously, the two clamping blocks move towards the inner side simultaneously under the limiting effect of the sliding block and the sliding groove, the clamping inclined plane on the inner side of the clamping blocks is used for centering and clamping the membrane to be detected, the clamping precision is high, and the positioning requirement for detection can be met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at B;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at C;

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view of the centering adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a top cross-sectional view of the clamping assembly;

FIG. 10 is a bottom cross-sectional view of the transmission assembly.

In the figure: 2. the device comprises a base, 3, a support column, 4, a mounting rack, 5, a force measuring device, 51, a force measuring probe, 6, a feeding and discharging mechanism, 61, a conveying belt component, 611, a conveying base, 612, a belt wheel, 613, a conveying belt, 614, a motor frame, 615, a first motor, 62, a mounting seat, 63, an electric control telescopic rod, 64, a push plate, 65, a limiting block, 66, a positioning component, 661, a sensor support, 662, a proximity switch, 7, a centering adjusting mechanism, 71, a cushion block, 72, a second motor, 73, a transmission component, 731, a sprocket, 732, a chain, 74, a clamping component, 741, a sliding groove, 742, a sliding block, 743, a connecting block, 744, a clamping block, 8 and a control center.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine comprising: the device comprises a base 2, support columns 3, a mounting frame 4, a force measuring device 5, a feeding and discharging mechanism 6, a centering adjusting mechanism 7 and a control center 8, wherein the number of the support columns 3 is two, the two support columns are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top of the base 2, the mounting frame 4 is arranged at the top ends of the inner sides of the two support columns 3, the force measuring device 5 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the front side of the mounting frame 4, a force measuring probe 51 of the force measuring device 5 corresponds to the middle position of the top end of the base 2, the force measuring device 5 can drive the force measuring probe 51 to downwards press a diaphragm at the top end of the base 2 and obtain the mechanical property of the detected diaphragm, the feeding and discharging mechanism 6 is arranged at the front side and the back side of the base 2, the centering adjusting mechanism 7 is arranged at the top end of the base 2 and can perform centering adjustment on the diaphragm conveyed to the top end of the base 2, so that different diaphragms can be more accurately positioned when being detected, the control center 8 is fixedly arranged at the front side of the feeding and discharging mechanism 6, the force measuring device 5, the loading and unloading mechanism 6 and the centering adjusting mechanism 7 are electrically connected with a control center 8, the control center 8 is formed by modularly combining an internal CPU, an instruction and data memory, an input and output unit, a power module, a digital analog unit and the like, instructions for executing operations such as logic operation, sequence control, timing, counting, arithmetic operation and the like are stored in the control center, and various types of mechanical equipment or production processes are controlled through digital or analog input and output;

go up unloading mechanism 6 includes: the conveyor belt assemblies 61, the mounting seat 62, the electric control telescopic rod 63, the push plate 64, the limiting block 65 and the positioning assembly 66, the number of the conveyor belt assemblies 61 is two, and the conveyor belt assemblies 61 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base 2, in this embodiment, the conveyor belt assembly 61 on the front side is used for feeding, the conveyor belt assembly 61 on the rear side is used for blanking, both the conveyor belt assemblies 61 are electrically connected with the control center 8, the control center 8 is arranged on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly 61 on the front side, the mounting seat 62 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly 61 on the front side, is arranged on the left side of the control center 8 and corresponds to the position of the force measuring device 5, the electric control telescopic rod 63 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the top end of the mounting seat 62, the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63 corresponds to the position of the force measuring device 5, the electric control telescopic rod 63 is electrically connected with the control center 8, the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63 is in a tower shape, the length which can be extended by 1-3 times is controlled by the control center 8, the push plate 64 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63, the number of the limiting blocks 65 is two, and the two limiting blocks are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rear side of the push plate 64, so that the electric control telescopic rod 63 is prevented from being deviated from the left side and the right side when pushing the membrane feeding through the push plate 64, the positioning assembly 66 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mounting seat 62, the positioning assembly 66 is positioned at the right side of the electric control telescopic rod 63, the positioning assembly 66 is electrically connected with the control center 8, and the positioning assembly 63 can detect whether the membrane to be detected is in place;

the centering adjustment mechanism 7 includes: cushion 71, second motor 72, drive assembly 73 and clamping component 74, cushion 71 sets up in the inner chamber bottom left end of base 2, second motor 72 fixed mounting is on the top of cushion 71, and with 8 electric connection in control center, drive assembly 73 sets up in the inner chamber top of base 2, and be connected with the output of second motor 72, drive assembly 73 is used for driving clamping component 74 to remove, clamping component 74 quantity is two, set up respectively in the top left and right sides of base 2, and all be connected with drive assembly 73, two clamping component 74 can move to the inboard simultaneously and will wait to detect the diaphragm and carry out centering centre gripping.

Still further, the conveyor belt assembly 61 preferably includes: the conveying device comprises a conveying base 611, belt wheels 612, a conveying belt 613, a motor frame 614 and a first motor 615, wherein the conveying base 611 of two conveying belt assemblies 61 of the conveying base 611 is respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of a base 2, the number of the belt wheels 612 is two, the two belt wheels are respectively and rotatably arranged at the left side and the right side of the top end of the conveying base 611, the conveying belt 613 is sleeved on the outer walls of the two belt wheels 612, the belt wheels 612 and the conveying belt 613 form synchronous belt transmission, an annular belt with tooth shapes at equal intervals is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the conveying belt 613, the belt wheels 612 are wheels with corresponding fit of the conveying belts, the synchronous belt transmission integrates the advantages of belt transmission, chain transmission and gear transmission, when in rotation, the belt teeth of the conveying belt 613 are meshed with the tooth grooves of the belt wheels 612 to transmit power, the motor frame 614 is arranged at the left end of the outer side of the conveying base 611, the first motor 615 is arranged at the top end of the motor frame 614, and the output end of the first motor 615 is fixedly connected with the belt wheel 612 positioned at the left side, the first motor 615 is electrically connected to the control center 8.

Preferably, the positioning assembly 66 further comprises: sensor support 661 and proximity switch 662, sensor support 661 fixed mounting is in the top of mount pad 62, sensor support 661 is located the right side of automatically controlled telescopic link 63, proximity switch 662 is installed in the top of sensor support 661, and with control center 8 electric connection, proximity switch 662 is a position switch that need not carry out mechanical direct contact and can operate with moving parts, when the object proximity switch's response face reached the working distance, do not need mechanical contact and apply any pressure and can make the switch move, thereby drive dc apparatus or provide control command for plc device, when proximity switch 662 detected to detect the diaphragm and target in place, send corresponding signal to control center 8.

Preferably, the transmission assembly 73 further comprises: the chain wheel 731 and the chain 732, the number of the chain wheel 731 is two, the two chain wheels are respectively and rotatably mounted on the left side and the right side of the top of the inner cavity of the base 2, the chain wheel 731 on the left side is fixedly connected with the output end of the second motor 72, the chain 732 is fittingly sleeved on the tooth side walls of the two chain wheels 731, the chain wheel 731 and the chain 732 form chain transmission, the chain transmission is a transmission mode of transmitting the motion and the power of the chain wheel 731 with a special tooth form to the chain wheel 731 with the special tooth form through the chain 732, and the chain wheel 731 is a wheel with cog type buckle chain teeth and is used for being meshed with blocks with accurate pitches on a chain link or a cable.

Preferably, the clamping assembly 74 further comprises: the sliding grooves 741, the sliding blocks 742, the connecting blocks 743 and the clamping blocks 744, the sliding grooves 741 of the two clamping assemblies 74 of the sliding grooves 741 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the base 2, the sliding blocks 742 are slidably mounted on the side walls of the inner cavities of the sliding grooves 741, the connecting blocks 743 are arranged at the bottom ends of the sliding blocks 742 and are fixedly connected with the chains 732, so that the chains 732 rotate to drive the two clamping blocks 744 to move, the clamping blocks 744 are arranged at the top ends of the connecting blocks 743, and the mounting directions of the clamping blocks 744 of the two clamping assemblies 74 are opposite.

Preferably, the connecting blocks 743 of the two clamping assemblies 74 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the chain 732, so that when the chain 732 rotates, the two connecting blocks 743 can drive the two clamping blocks 744 to move synchronously and in opposite directions.

Preferably, two clamping inclined planes are formed on the inner sides of the clamping blocks 744 of the two clamping assemblies 74, the two clamping inclined planes are perpendicular to each other, and the two clamping blocks 744 synchronously move inwards to perform centering clamping on the membrane to be detected.

The detailed connection means is a technique known in the art, and the following mainly describes the working principle and process, and the specific operation is as follows.

Step one, in the feeding process, a membrane to be detected is placed at the top end of a conveying belt 613 of a conveying belt assembly 61 positioned on the front side and conveyed from left to right, when the edge of the right side of the membrane to be detected reaches the position below a proximity switch 662, the proximity switch 662 sends a membrane in-place signal to a control center 8, the control center 8 controls a first motor 615 positioned on the front side to brake, the membrane to be detected corresponds to the position of an electric control telescopic rod 63 at the moment, the control center 8 drives an output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63 to drive a push plate 64 to move backwards, the push plate 64 pushes the membrane to be detected to the middle position of the top end of a base 2, and then the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63 moves forwards to complete feeding;

step two, the position of the diaphragm is adjusted, the control center 8 drives the output end of the second motor 72 to drive the chain wheel 731 connected with the output end to rotate, the chain wheel 731 transmits the motion and power to the chain 732 through teeth, so that the chain 732 drives the two connecting blocks 743 to rotate inwards at the same time, the two clamping blocks 744 are simultaneously moved inwards under the limiting action of the sliding block 742 and the sliding groove 741, the diaphragm to be detected is centered and clamped through the clamping inclined plane on the inner side of the clamping blocks 744, the control center 8 drives the force measuring probe 51 of the force measuring device 5 to move downwards and to be in close contact with the top end of the diaphragm to be detected, then the control center 8 controls the second motor 72 to drive the two clamping blocks 744 to move outwards at the same time and to release the limiting of the diaphragm to be detected, the detection probe 51 is continuously driven to move downwards, and the mechanical property of the diaphragm is tested through the displacement detection device and the force measuring device inside the force measuring device 5, after the test is finished, the control center 8 drives the force measuring probe 51 to move upwards;

step three, the control center 8 drives the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 63 to move towards the rear side, and pushes the membrane positioned at the top end of the base 2 backwards through the push plate 64 until the membrane is pushed to the top end of the conveyer belt 613 positioned at the rear side, and the control center 8 drives the first motor 615 positioned at the rear side to drive the belt pulley 612 connected with the first motor to rotate, so that the conveyer belt conveys the membrane to realize blanking;

the device can automatically feed and discharge materials, has higher efficiency, can perform centering and clamping on the diaphragm, and greatly improves the positioning precision.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "bottom", "one end", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated; unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "snap" and "connect" as used herein, such as "connect" and "connect" or "connect" should be understood broadly, such as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. An automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine comprising: base (2), support column (3), mounting bracket (4) and ergograph (5), support column (3) quantity is two, set up respectively in both ends about base (2) top, mounting bracket (4) set up in the inboard top of two support columns (3), ergograph (5) fixed mounting is in the front side intermediate position of mounting bracket (4), just dynamometry probe (51) of ergograph (5) is corresponding with base (2) top intermediate position, its characterized in that still includes:

the feeding and discharging mechanisms (6) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base (2);

the centering adjusting mechanism (7) is arranged at the top end of the base (2);

the control center (8) is fixedly arranged on the front side of the feeding and discharging mechanism (6), and the force measuring device (5), the feeding and discharging mechanism (6) and the centering adjusting mechanism (7) are electrically connected with the control center (8);

go up unloading mechanism (6) and include:

the number of the two conveyor belt assemblies (61) is two, the two conveyor belt assemblies are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base (2), the two conveyor belt assemblies (61) are electrically connected with a control center (8), and the control center (8) is arranged on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly (61) positioned on the front side;

the mounting seat (62) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the conveyor belt assembly (61) on the front side, is positioned on the left side of the control center (8), and corresponds to the position of the force measuring device (5);

the electric control telescopic rod (63) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the mounting seat (62), the output end of the electric control telescopic rod (63) corresponds to the position of the dynamometer (5), and the electric control telescopic rod (63) is electrically connected with the control center (8);

the push plate (64) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the electric control telescopic rod (63);

the two limiting blocks (65) are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rear side of the push plate (64);

the positioning assembly (66) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the mounting seat (62), the positioning assembly (66) is positioned on the right side of the electric control telescopic rod (63), and the positioning assembly (66) is electrically connected with the control center (8);

the centering adjustment mechanism (7) includes:

the cushion block (71) is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the base (2);

the second motor (72) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the cushion block (71) and is electrically connected with the control center (8);

the transmission assembly (73) is arranged at the top end of the inner cavity of the base (2) and is connected with the output end of the second motor (72);

the clamping assemblies (74) are two in number, are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the base (2), and are connected with the transmission assembly (73).

2. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 1, wherein: the conveyor belt assembly (61) comprises:

the conveying bases (611) of the two conveying belt assemblies (61) are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the base (2);

two belt wheels (612) which are respectively and rotatably arranged at the left side and the right side of the top end of the conveying base (611);

the conveying belt (613) is sleeved on the outer walls of the two belt wheels (612);

a motor frame (614) arranged at the left end of the outer side of the conveying base (611);

the first motor (615) is installed at the top end of the motor frame (614), the output end of the first motor (615) is fixedly connected with the belt wheel (612) located on the left side, and the first motor (615) is electrically connected with the control center (8).

3. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 1, wherein: the positioning assembly (66) comprises:

the sensor support (661) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the mounting seat (62), and the sensor support (661) is located on the right side of the electric control telescopic rod (63);

and the proximity switch (662) is installed at the top end of the sensor bracket (661) and is electrically connected with the control center (8).

4. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 1, wherein: the transmission assembly (73) comprises:

the number of the chain wheels (731) is two, the two chain wheels are respectively and rotatably installed on the left side and the right side of the top of the inner cavity of the base (2), and the chain wheel (731) on the left side is fixedly connected with the output end of the second motor (72);

and the chain (732) is matched and sleeved on the tooth side walls of the two chain wheels (731).

5. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 4, wherein: the clamping assembly (74) includes:

the sliding grooves (741) of the two clamping assemblies (74) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top end of the base (2);

a slider (742) slidably mounted to a side wall of the interior cavity of the chute (741);

the connecting block (743) is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding block (742) and is fixedly connected with the chain (732);

and the clamping blocks (744) are arranged at the top end of the connecting block (743), and the mounting directions of the clamping blocks (744) of the two clamping assemblies (74) are opposite.

6. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 5, wherein: the connecting blocks (743) of the two clamping assemblies (74) are fixedly connected with the front side and the rear side of the chain (732) respectively.

7. The automotive clutch diaphragm force measuring machine of claim 5, wherein: two clamping inclined planes are arranged on the inner sides of the clamping blocks (744) of the two clamping assemblies (74), and the two clamping inclined planes are perpendicular to each other.

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