CN216882986U - Indexing mechanism and machine tool special for machining cambered surface cam - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an indexing mechanism and a machine tool special for processing a cambered surface cam, wherein the indexing mechanism is a worm and gear indexing mechanism, a worm wheel disc is fixed on a base and is still, a worm and the outer edge of a worm wheel are meshed with each other, the input end of the worm is used for indexing motion output, a positioning central shaft is arranged on the central axis of the worm wheel, an auxiliary fan-shaped guide rail is additionally arranged on the worm wheel, and a main shaft is enabled to surround the fan-shaped guide rail by taking the positioning central shaft as a fixed point to realize high-precision indexing. The utility model directly pushes the main shaft to realize indexing swing by the torque generated by the rotation of the worm, and has the advantages of compact equipment structure, small volume, stable output, no creeping and torsional vibration phenomena and capability of realizing the minimum center distance between the machine tool main shaft rotating coordinate and the workpiece rotating coordinate. The machine tool equipment has the remarkable effects of compact structure, high machining precision, large machining range and high rigidity of the main shaft.

Description

Indexing mechanism and machine tool for machining cambered cam

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to an indexing mechanism specially used for processing cambered cams and a machine tool for processing cambered cams.

Background technique

The camber indexing cam mechanism is a high-precision indexing mechanism, which is widely used in various automated machinery and automated production lines to achieve efficient and accurate intermittent indexing motion and stepping motion. Among them, the indexing mechanism has relatively high requirements on the machining accuracy and geometric accuracy of the cambered indexing cam. However, in the worm gear and worm indexing device used in the traditional cambered cam machine tool, the worm gear cannot drive the worm to transmit in the reverse direction, and it cannot be applied to the mechanical equipment that requires large output torque and high motion accuracy, which makes the cambered cam processed with low precision. The short life is only suitable for low-speed occasions, and cannot meet the fast-paced and high-precision indexing requirements of production.

The domestic research and development of camber cam machining equipment is not satisfactory, mainly because on the one hand, advanced camber cam machining equipment is monopolized by foreign countries and its numerical control system is prohibited from being opened to China; The dynamic processing range is small, the processing accuracy is low, and the error of the processing cam is large, which leads to the domestic processing capacity of high-precision cambered cams far from meeting the domestic market demand.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a special indexing mechanism for machining cambered cams, which is used to solve the problems mentioned in the above-mentioned technical background.

For realizing the above-mentioned purpose and other relevant purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is as follows:

A special indexing mechanism for processing cambered cams, comprising a worm wheel fixed on a machine tool base, a positioning center shaft is arranged in the direction of the central axis of the worm wheel, a sector guide for placing a spindle box is arranged on the outer edge of the top surface of the worm wheel, and a worm is arranged on the side of the worm wheel. The worm is arranged in the worm seat and meshes with the outer edge of the worm wheel, and the worm is driven to rotate by a worm servo motor arranged outside the worm seat.

The worm servo motor uses a 5120-line encoder.

A machine tool using an indexing mechanism dedicated to processing cambered cams, based on the above-mentioned indexing mechanism dedicated to processing cambered cams;

The machine tool includes a bed, a base, a three-axis sliding table and a rotary table, the three-axis sliding table is arranged above the bed, the base and the rotary table are arranged on one side of the bed, and the rotary table is provided with above the base;

The three-axis slide table is composed of a first moving table, a second moving table, a third moving table, a workpiece rotary indexing axis, and a top tailstock, wherein the third moving table is arranged above the bed, and the first moving table is arranged on the top of the bed. Above the third moving table, the two form a cross slide, the second moving table is arranged on the first moving table, and the side wall of the second moving table is also provided with a workpiece rotation indexing axis and a top tailstock; the first moving table The table is used to adjust the horizontal position of the workpiece to be processed; the second moving table is used to adjust the height of the workpiece to be processed and realize the clamping and rotary feed of the workpiece to be processed; the third moving table is used to adjust the auxiliary feed of the workpiece W direction feed Give.

The rotary table includes a tool motorized spindle, an indexing mechanism based on the above-mentioned special-purpose machining camber cam, a fourth moving table and a servo motor. The worm seat is fixedly connected below, the fourth moving table is provided with a tool electric spindle, the tool is arranged on the tool electric spindle and rotates around the axis of the spindle, and the fourth moving table is driven by the servo motor to control the tool to realize the cycle in the machining process The function of feeding and advancing and retracting the tool is used together with the third moving table to adjust the front and rear position between the processing tool and the workpiece to be processed.

The fourth moving table is provided with a z-axis screw rod, a spindle mounting seat is provided on the z-axis screw rod, and the tool electric spindle is provided on the spindle mounting seat.

The first mobile station, the second mobile station, the third mobile station and the fourth mobile station are respectively installed on the corresponding matching sliding rails.

The three-jaw chuck and the top tailstock are on the same horizontal central axis.

A crank handle is provided on one side of the third mobile platform.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

The innovative worm gear and worm indexing mechanism adopted by the utility model solves the output problem of the large torque of the machine tool main shaft rotating coordinate, and effectively solves the space interference problem between the two vertically staggered axes, so that the machine tool has a compact structure and has a stable output movement without any problems. Crawling and torsional shock phenomena.

The innovative worm gear and worm indexing mechanism adopted by the utility model is convenient for clearance adjustment, so that the machining accuracy is not affected by wear and tear, and the characteristics of high-precision positioning of the rotary table are fully ensured.

In the utility model, the main shaft box swings on the fan-shaped guide rail around the positioning center axis. The lever principle is used to reduce the loss of each transmission part, and the rigidity of the main shaft is increased to realize the accurate indexing of the main shaft, which greatly improves the machining of the cambered indexing cam. precision.

The utility model adopts the positioning center axis to increase the rigidity of the main shaft. The positioning center shaft is arranged on the central axis of the worm gear, and a fan-shaped guide rail is added above the worm gear as an auxiliary support for the headstock. The main shaft swings on the fan-shaped track with the positioning central axis as the fixed point, which increases the rigidity of the main shaft, reduces the loss of each transmission part, and improves the machining accuracy of the cambered indexing cam.

The horizontal machining center adopted in the utility model can realize the machining of the center distance less than 25mm and the inner meshing cambered cam by adjusting the feed machining positions of the three-axis sliding table and the fourth moving table, and at the same time reduce the indexing of the worm gear and worm. The load of the mechanism reduces the wear of the machine tool and the jitter of the machine tool, improves the rigidity of the machine tool and occupies a small area. In actual production, the investment cost is saved and the economic efficiency is improved.

Description of drawings

The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a worm gear indexing mechanism provided by the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the positioning center axis provided by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a machine tool provided by the present utility model from a first angle of view using the mechanism of the present utility model.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a machine tool provided by the present invention from a second angle of view using the mechanism of the present invention.

The reference numerals are specifically described as follows: bed (1), third moving table (2), crank (3), first moving table (4), Y-axis servo motor (5), second moving table ( 6), workpiece rotary indexing axis (7), top tailstock (8), base (9), worm gear indexing mechanism (10), sector slide rail (11), fourth moving table (12), z-axis Slider (13), spindle mounting seat (14), tool electric spindle (15), positioning center axis (16), worm (17), Z-axis servo motor (18), worm servo motor (19), worm seat ( 20), X-axis servo motor (21), X-axis screw (22), Y-axis lifting screw (23), three-jaw chuck (24), Z-axis screw (25), Y-axis slide rail (26) ).

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present utility model discloses a special indexing mechanism for machining cambered cams, including a worm gear fixed on a machine tool base 9, a positioning center shaft 16 is arranged in the direction of the central axis of the worm gear, and the top surface of the worm gear is outside Along the sector guide rail 11 for placing the headstock, the side of the worm wheel is provided with a worm seat 20, the worm 17 is arranged in the worm seat 20 and meshes with the outer edge of the worm wheel, and the worm is driven by the worm servo motor 19 arranged on the outside of the worm seat 20. 17 is rotated, and the servo motor 18 arranged inside the worm seat 20 is connected to the fourth moving table 12 .

The innovative indexing mechanism 10 of the indexing mechanism subverts the traditional worm gear and worm drive form. The worm wheel is fixed on the base 9 and is stationary, and the worm 17 is driven to rotate by the worm servo motor 19. The torque generated by the rotation of the worm 17 is directly transmitted through the worm seat 20. Push the spindle mounting seat 14 on the fourth moving table 12 to realize the swing swing so as to realize the swing of the spindle B direction.

The worm gear shaft in this indexing mechanism does not bear torque, which can ensure that the mechanism can greatly reduce the diameter of the worm gear shaft on the premise of achieving a large output torque, solve the problem of space interference between two vertically staggered shafts in the transmission device, and make the equipment compact in structure and volume. Reduced size, reduced weight, stable output and no creeping torsional vibration.

Worm servo motor 19 adopts 5120-line encoder, then the minimum precision of servo motor rotation is 360° / 5 120=0.07°, and the worm gear and worm indexing mechanism with a reduction ratio of 1/50 is used, then this indexing device The accuracy can reach 0.07°/50=0.0014°. High indexing and positioning accuracy can be achieved, and the meshing clearance can be compensated and adjusted by adjusting the axial position of the worm 17, so that the machining accuracy is not affected by wear, and the high-precision positioning of the rotary table is fully guaranteed.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 , a machine tool using the above-mentioned indexing mechanism is disclosed. The machine tool includes a bed 1, a base 9, a three-axis sliding table and a rotary table, and the three-axis sliding table is arranged on the bed 1 Above, the base 9 is arranged on one side of the bed 1, and the rotary table is arranged above the base 9;

The three-axis slide table is composed of a first moving table 4 , a second moving table 6 , a third moving table 2 , a workpiece rotation indexing shaft 7 , and a top tailstock 8 , wherein the third moving table 2 is arranged above the bed 1 . , the first moving table 4 is arranged above the third moving table 2, the two form a cross slide, the second moving table 6 is arranged on the first moving table 4, and the side wall of the second moving table 6 is also provided with a workpiece rotating part A three-jaw chuck 24 is arranged on the workpiece rotation indexing shaft 7, which cooperates with the center tailstock 8 to clamp the workpiece to be processed, and the workpiece rotation indexing shaft 7 drives the workpiece to realize the A-axis swing. The first moving table 4 is used to adjust the x-direction feed of the workpiece to be processed; the second moving table 6 is used to adjust the Y-direction feed of the workpiece to be processed and realize clamping and rotary feed of the workpiece to be processed; The moving table 2 controls the workpiece to be processed to perform auxiliary W-direction feeding. The X-axis servo motor 20 is arranged on the lower side of the first moving table 4, and the Y-axis servo motor 5 is arranged on the side of the second moving table 6. The A crank handle 3 is provided on one side of the third mobile platform 2 .

The rotary table includes a tool electric spindle 15, the above-mentioned indexing mechanism 10 dedicated to machining cambered cams, that is, a worm gear indexing mechanism 10, a fourth moving table 12 and a servo motor, and the fourth moving table 12 is arranged in the indexing mechanism. Above the mechanism 10, one end is connected to the positioning center shaft 16, and the other end is fixedly connected to the worm seat 20 below. The fourth moving table 12 is driven by the servo motor 18 to control the tool to realize the functions of cyclic feeding and advancing and retracting during the machining process, and is used together with the third moving table 2 to adjust the front and rear positions between the machining tool and the workpiece to be machined.

The fourth moving table 12 is provided with two Z-axis guide rails, the spindle mounting base 14 is fixedly installed on the four sliders 13 of the Z-axis guide rail, and the Z-axis lead screw 25 is fixed on the spindle mounting base 14; When the motor 18 is turned on, the z-axis lead screw 25 drives the spindle mounting seat 14 to realize the functions of cyclic feeding and advancing and retracting the tool during the machining process, and is used together with the third moving table 2 to adjust the front and rear positions between the machining tool and the workpiece to be machined. The fourth moving table 12 is provided with an electric spindle 15 , and the tool is installed on the output end of the electric spindle 15 and can rotate around the axis of the spindle.

In the worm wheel and worm indexing mechanism 10, the worm wheel is fixed on the base 9 by fixing screws and is stationary, a positioning center shaft 16 is provided in the direction of the central axis of the worm wheel, and an auxiliary sector guide 11 is added on the worm wheel to increase the rigidity of the machine tool. The seat 20 is fixed on the lower side of the fourth moving table 12, the worm 17 is arranged in the worm seat 20 and the outer edges of the worm gears mesh with each other, and the rotation of the worm 17 is driven by the control servo motor 19, and the rotation of the worm makes the generated torque directly pass through the worm seat 20. Push the fourth moving table 12 to swing with high precision on the sector track 11 with the positioning center axis 16 as the fixed point. The meshing clearance is eliminated by adjusting the axial position of the worm 17.

In this embodiment, the three-jaw chuck 21 and the top tailstock 8 are located on the same horizontal central axis.

Through the above technical solutions, after the three-jaw chuck 21 has clamped the workpiece, the workpiece is kept stable on the horizontal central axis through the pressing action of the positioning seat 8 at the tail.

In this embodiment, the machining tool is one of a milling cutter and a sharpening tool, and an appropriate tool can be selected according to the machining process required by the workpiece to be machined.

In this embodiment, the first mobile station 4 , the second mobile station 6 , the third mobile station 2 and the fourth mobile station 12 are respectively installed on the corresponding adapter slide rails.

When the utility model is used, it is matched with the numerical control machine tool control system of the prior art to control, and the The following function:

X-direction feed: The servo motor 20 drives the X-axis screw 21 to rotate, so that the workpiece runs along the X-axis guide rail;

Feeding in the Y direction: the servo motor 5 drives the lifting screw 23 to rotate, so that the workpiece runs along the Y-axis guide rail;

Auxiliary W-direction feed: By rotating the crank handle 3, the whole workpiece can be controlled to run along the W-axis guide rail;

Z-direction feed: The servo motor 18 drives the z-axis screw 25 to rotate, and the Z-axis screw is connected to the spindle box mounting seat 14, so that the spindle runs along the Z-axis guide rail;

When the A-axis is running: the workpiece rotation indexing axis 7 drives the workpiece to rotate;

When the B axis is running: the servo motor 19 drives the worm 17 to rotate, and the worm drives the spindle box to swing around the positioning center axis 16 on the sector track 11 to achieve high-precision indexing of the machine tool.

The use method of the present utility model is as follows:

First, use the three-jaw chuck 21 and the center tailstock 8 to install the workpiece on the workpiece rotary indexing axis, and secondly adjust the three-axis slide table to move the workpiece to an appropriate position. And the workpiece is driven by the workpiece rotation indexing shaft 7 to rotate the A-axis. At the same time, the fourth moving table 12 is adjusted to make the tool feed in the Z direction so that the center point of the cam subcenter of the product to be processed overlaps with the processing point of the processing tool of the spindle motor. The servo motor 19 drives the worm gear indexing mechanism to perform indexing action, so that the tool swings along the B axis, and the machine tool can realize the four-axis linkage of X/Z/A/B. After the machining starts, it is only necessary to cycle the feed of the fourth moving table 12 of the tool.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Equivalent replacement or modification of the new technical solution and its utility model concept shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a special indexing mechanism for machining a cambered cam, is characterized in that: It includes a worm gear fixed on a machine tool base (9), a positioning center shaft (16) is arranged in the direction of the central axis of the worm gear, a sector guide rail (11) for placing the headstock is arranged on the outer edge of the top surface of the worm gear, and a worm seat (20) is arranged on the side of the worm gear ), the worm (17) is arranged in the worm seat (20) and meshes with the outer edge of the worm wheel, and the worm (17) is driven to rotate by the worm servo motor (19) arranged on the outside of the worm seat (20). 2. a kind of special-purpose indexing mechanism for processing a cambered cam according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The worm servo motor (19) uses a 5120-line encoder. 3. a machine tool using a special indexing mechanism for processing a cambered cam, is characterized in that: Based on the special indexing mechanism for processing cambered cams according to claim 1, The machine tool comprises a bed (1), a base (9), a three-axis sliding table and a rotary table, the three-axis sliding table is arranged above the bed (1), and the base (9) and the rotary table are arranged On one side of the bed (1), the rotary table is arranged above the base (9); The three-axis slide table is composed of a first moving table (4), a second moving table (6), a third moving table (2), a workpiece rotary indexing axis (7), and a top tailstock (8), of which the first The three mobile platforms (2) are arranged above the bed (1), the first mobile platform (4) is arranged above the third mobile platform (2), the two constitute a cross slide, and the second mobile platform (6) is arranged on the third mobile platform (2). On the first moving table (4), the side wall of the second moving table (6) is also provided with a workpiece rotating indexing shaft (7) and a top tailstock (8), and a three-jaw clamp is arranged on the workpiece rotating indexing shaft (7). A plate (24); the first moving table (4) is used to adjust the horizontal position of the workpiece to be processed; the second moving table (6) is used to adjust the height of the workpiece to be processed and realize the clamping and rotary advance of the workpiece to be processed Feed; the third moving table (2) is used to adjust the workpiece auxiliary feed W direction feed; The rotary table includes a tool motorized spindle (15), an indexing mechanism (10) dedicated to machining cambered cams according to the above claims, a fourth moving table (12) and a servo motor, and the fourth moving table ( 12) It is arranged above the indexing mechanism (10), one end is connected to the positioning center shaft (16), and the other end is fixedly connected to the worm seat (20) below. It is arranged on the tool electric spindle (15) and rotates around the axis of the spindle, and the fourth moving table (12) is driven by the servo motor (18) to control the tool to realize the functions of cyclic feed and advance and retreat of the tool during the machining process, and Together with the third moving table (2), it is used to adjust the front and rear positions between the machining tool and the workpiece to be machined. 4. a kind of machine tool that uses the special-purpose indexing mechanism of processing cambered cam according to claim 3, is characterized in that: The fourth moving table (12) is provided with a z-axis screw (25), the z-axis screw (25) is provided with a spindle mounting seat (14), and the tool electric spindle (15) is provided on the spindle mounting seat (14) on. 5. a kind of machine tool that uses the special-purpose indexing mechanism of processing cambered cam according to claim 3, is characterized in that: The first mobile station, the second mobile station, the third mobile station and the fourth mobile station are respectively installed on the corresponding matching sliding rails. 6. a kind of machine tool that uses the special-purpose indexing mechanism of processing cambered cam according to claim 3, is characterized in that: The three-jaw chuck and the top tailstock are on the same horizontal central axis. 7. a kind of machine tool that uses the indexing mechanism specially used for processing cambered cams according to claim 3, is characterized in that: A crank handle (3) is provided on one side of the third mobile platform (2).

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