CN216872914U - Low-cost power automatic switching circuit - Google Patents
Low-cost power automatic switching circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN216872914U CN216872914U CN202122894641.4U CN202122894641U CN216872914U CN 216872914 U CN216872914 U CN 216872914U CN 202122894641 U CN202122894641 U CN 202122894641U CN 216872914 U CN216872914 U CN 216872914U
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- power supply
- supply unit
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-cost automatic power supply switching circuit, which comprises storage battery power supply units which are connected in sequence; a power supply automatic switching unit; a direct current supply unit, wherein: the storage battery power supply unit is used for storing electric energy; the power supply automatic switching unit is used for detecting the working condition of the system, switching off the storage battery power supply unit when the direct-current power supply works normally, and switching the storage battery power supply unit when the system of the direct-current power supply unit is detected to be powered off or interrupted; the direct current power supply unit is used for carrying out voltage stabilization treatment on an external power supply to obtain required direct current voltage. The circuit can be immediately and seamlessly switched to the storage battery for power supply after the input power supply is powered off, so that the size of equipment is greatly reduced, the cost is reduced, and the reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a low-cost automatic power supply switching circuit.
Background
In conventional applications, switching power supplies have been widely used in electronic devices such as computers, communication devices, and control devices, and their applications range from consumer use, industrial use, and military use because of their small size, light weight, and high conversion efficiency. At present, most MCU systems adopt independent switch power supplies for power supply, and the power supply does not meet the maintaining capability after power failure at the same time. However, many electronic devices, especially military devices, need to supply power in different application environments and simultaneously meet the power failure capability of the MUC system after power failure, two power supplies must be used respectively, which results in increased volume, increased cost, reduced safety, and reduced reliability due to increased components.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problem that the MUC system cannot be powered down after the power supply is powered off when the power supply needs to be supplied by military equipment in different application environments, and provides a low-cost power supply automatic switching circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises the following steps:
a low-cost power supply automatic switching circuit comprises storage battery power supply units which are connected in sequence; a power supply automatic switching unit; a direct current supply unit, wherein:
the storage battery power supply unit is used for storing electric energy;
the power supply automatic switching unit is used for detecting the working condition of the system, switching off the storage battery power supply unit when the direct-current power supply works normally, and switching the storage battery power supply unit when the system of the direct-current power supply unit is detected to be powered off or interrupted;
the direct current power supply unit is used for carrying out voltage stabilization treatment on an external power supply to obtain required direct current voltage;
the utility model also comprises the following other technical characteristics:
the storage Battery power supply unit comprises a storage Battery and a capacitor C5 which are connected; one end of the storage Battery is connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the automatic power switching unit, and the other end of the storage Battery is connected with the other end of the capacitor C5, the automatic power switching unit and the input ground end.
The power supply automatic switching unit comprises a resistor R2, a MOS tube Q1, a MOS tube Q2 and a switching diode D1; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with a storage battery power supply unit, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, the grid of the Q2 and the direct current power supply unit; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a storage battery power supply unit, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the switching diode D1; and the anode of the switching diode is connected with the direct current power supply unit.
The direct current power supply unit comprises capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and a power supply module 1U 1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the "input positive terminal", one end of the capacitor C2 and the pin 1 of the power module 1U1 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with an input ground end, the other end of the capacitor C2 and a pin 2 of the power module 1U 1; the 3 pins of the power module 1U1 are connected with one ends of capacitors C3 and C4 and an automatic power switching unit; the 5 pins of the power supply module 1U1 are connected with the other ends of the capacitors C3 and C4.
The capacitance values of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are all 10 uf.
The resistance value of the resistor R2 is 1M.
The models of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 are LN03P 007J.
The model of the power supply module 1U1 is SAW24M005P 012D.
The model of the switch diode D1 is 1N4148 WS-7-F.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
the low-cost automatic power switching circuit provided by the utility model has the advantages that the switching of the switches of the two MOS tubes is mainly adopted in the circuit, the mutual switching of the power supply of the direct-current power supply and the power supply of the storage battery is respectively realized, the board distribution area occupying the printed board is greatly reduced, and the scale of the switching circuit is reduced. When the single storage battery is input, the power supply can normally output, and when the single direct current power supply is input, the power supply can normally output. The utility model has the advantages of small module volume, light weight, simple circuit, strong anti-interference capability, low cost and wide application prospect, and can resist the interference of various external factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a battery power supply unit; 2. a power supply automatic switching unit; 3. a DC power supply unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1, the low-cost automatic power switching circuit provided by the present invention includes sequentially connected battery power supply units 1; a power supply automatic switching unit 2; a direct current supply unit 3.
Wherein:
the storage battery power supply unit 1 is used for storing electric energy, and when the system is powered off, the power supply automatic switching unit 2 is switched to the storage battery power supply unit 1 to discharge so that the system works normally;
the power supply automatic switching unit 2 is used for detecting the working condition of the system, turning off the storage battery power supply unit 1 when the direct current power supply works normally, and switching the storage battery power supply unit 1 when the direct current power supply unit 3 is detected to have power failure or power failure of the system to realize automatic switching of the power supply;
the direct current power supply unit 3 is used for carrying out voltage stabilization treatment on an external power supply to obtain required direct current voltage for the MCU to use;
as a preference of the present embodiment, the Battery power supply unit 1 includes a Battery and a capacitor C5 connected; one end of the Battery is connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the automatic power switching unit 2, and the other end of the Battery is connected with the other end of the capacitor C5, the automatic power switching unit 2 and the input ground end.
The technical scheme has the following characteristics that Battery is a storage Battery and is used for storing electric energy, and when the system is powered off, the electric energy is released to provide electric energy required by the work for a rear-stage load; the capacitor C5 is a filter capacitor for filtering out differential mode noise. In principle, the larger the differential mode capacitance value is, the better the filtering effect is, and the filtering effect is mainly embodied on low frequency. However, the cost and volume of the capacitor are increased due to the increase of the differential mode capacitance value, and in actual selection, large capacitance cannot be pursued at one step, so that the performance, cost and volume are considered comprehensively, and the differential mode capacitor with higher selective price ratio is required.
As a preference of the present embodiment, the power supply automatic switching unit 2 includes a resistor R2, a MOS transistor Q1, a MOS transistor Q2, and a switching diode D1; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the storage battery power supply unit 1, and the other end is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, the grid of the Q2 and the DC power supply unit 3; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the storage battery power supply unit 1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the switching diode D1; the anode of the switching diode is connected with the direct current power supply unit 3.
The technical scheme has the following characteristics that the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 mainly have the function of turning off Battery electric energy in the storage Battery power supply unit 1 when the system adopts a direct current unit for power supply; the function of the switch diode D1 mainly reflects the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, and prevents the voltage of the storage battery from reversely flowing into the output end of the direct current power supply unit.
As a preference of the present embodiment, the dc power supply unit 3 includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and a power module 1U 1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the "input positive terminal", one end of the capacitor C2 and pin 1 of the power module 1U1, respectively; the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with an input ground end, the other end of the capacitor C2 and a pin 2 of the power module 1U 1; the 3 pins of the power module 1U1 are connected with one ends of the capacitors C3 and C4 and the automatic power switching unit 2; the 5-pin of the power module 1U1 is connected to the other ends of the capacitors C3 and C4.
In the above technical solution, the power module 1U1 stabilizes the voltage at the input end for the use of the rear-stage load, and the capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are filter capacitors for filtering the differential mode noise. In principle, the larger the differential mode capacitance value is, the better the filtering effect is, and the filtering effect is mainly embodied on low frequency. However, the cost and volume of the capacitor are increased due to the increase of the differential mode capacitance value, and in actual selection, large capacitance cannot be pursued at one step, so that the performance, cost and volume are considered comprehensively, and the differential mode capacitor with higher selective price ratio is required.
Specifically, the selection of each element in the present embodiment is as follows:
the capacitance values of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are 10 uf.
The resistance of the resistor R2 is 1M.
The types of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 are as follows: LN03P007J, which has the characteristics of small on-resistance, small junction capacitance and high temperature grade.
The model number of the power supply module 1U1 is: the SAW24M005P012D has the input voltage range of 9-36V and the output voltage of 5V/12A, has the characteristics of small volume and large power, and can stabilize the voltage in the range of 9-36V of the input end into +5V voltage for use by a rear-stage load.
The model of the switching diode D1 is: 1N4148 WS-7-F.
The working principle of the circuit of the utility model is as follows:
when the +28V power supply is normal, the power module 1U1 will step down the voltage within the range of 9-36V and output +5V voltage, and the output terminal of the power module 1U1 supplies power to the VCC _ MCU through the diode D1. Meanwhile, the gates of the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 are connected to the output positive terminal of the module 1U1, and the gates of the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 are turned on when low levels are reached, so that the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 are in an off state at the moment, and the Battery output voltage can be prevented, and meanwhile, the diode arranged inside the MOS transistor Q2 also prevents the output voltage of the module 1U1 from flowing back into the Battery.
When the +28V power supply is cut off, the gates of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are turned on when the power supply is low, so that the sources and drains of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are in an on state when the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are grounded through a pull-up resistor R2, the Battery voltage supplies power to the VCC _ MCU through the source and drain output voltages of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2, and the diode D1 can prevent the Battery voltage from flowing back into the output terminal of the module 1U1 to damage the module, so that the automatic switching of the power supply is realized.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure can be made, and the same should be considered as the inventive content of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A low-cost power supply automatic switching circuit is characterized by comprising storage battery power supply units (1) which are connected in sequence; a power supply automatic switching unit (2); a direct current supply unit (3), wherein:
the storage battery power supply unit (1) is used for storing electric energy;
the power supply automatic switching unit (2) is used for detecting the working condition of the system, turning off the storage battery power supply unit (1) when the direct-current power supply works normally, and switching the storage battery power supply unit (1) when the system power failure or outage of the direct-current power supply unit (3) is detected;
the direct current power supply unit (3) is used for carrying out voltage stabilization treatment on an external power supply to obtain required direct current voltage.
2. The low-cost automatic power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the Battery power supply unit (1) comprises a Battery and a capacitor C5 connected; one end of the storage Battery is connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the automatic power switching unit (2), and the other end of the storage Battery is connected with the other end of the capacitor C5, the automatic power switching unit (2) and the input ground end.
3. The low-cost power automatic switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power automatic switching unit (2) comprises a resistor R2, a MOS transistor Q1, a MOS transistor Q2 and a switching diode D1; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the storage battery power supply unit (1), and the other end is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, the grid of the Q2 and the direct current power supply unit (3); the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the storage battery power supply unit (1), the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the switching diode D1; and the anode of the switching diode is connected with the direct current power supply unit (3).
4. The low-cost power supply automatic switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the dc power supply unit (3) comprises capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and a power supply module 1U 1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the "input positive terminal", one end of the capacitor C2 and the pin 1 of the power module 1U1 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with an input ground end, the other end of the capacitor C2 and a pin 2 of the power module 1U 1; the 3 pins of the power module 1U1 are connected with one ends of capacitors C3 and C4 and an automatic power switching unit (2); the 5 pins of the power supply module 1U1 are connected with the other ends of the capacitors C3 and C4.
5. The low-cost power supply automatic switching circuit according to claim 4, wherein the capacitances of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are all 10 uf.
6. The low-cost power automatic switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein the resistance value of the resistor R2 is 1M.
7. The low-cost automatic power switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 are of type LN03P 007J.
8. The low-cost automatic power switching circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the power module 1U1 is SAW24M005P 012D.
9. The low-cost automatic power switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein the switching diode D1 has a model number of 1N4148 WS-7-F.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122894641.4U CN216872914U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Low-cost power automatic switching circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122894641.4U CN216872914U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Low-cost power automatic switching circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216872914U true CN216872914U (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122894641.4U Active CN216872914U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Low-cost power automatic switching circuit |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216872914U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202122894641.4U patent/CN216872914U/en active Active
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