CN111969577A - Low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and control method thereof - Google Patents
Low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111969577A CN111969577A CN202010755959.1A CN202010755959A CN111969577A CN 111969577 A CN111969577 A CN 111969577A CN 202010755959 A CN202010755959 A CN 202010755959A CN 111969577 A CN111969577 A CN 111969577A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
- H02H11/003—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection using a field effect transistor as protecting element in one of the supply lines
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle and a control method thereof, wherein the protection circuit comprises a direct-current voltage source DC1, a P-type MOS tube Q1 and a Load circuit Load1 which are sequentially connected in series, and further comprises a series voltage division circuit; the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is provided with a body diode D1, the drain D of Q1 and the anode of the body diode D1 are connected with the anode of a direct-current voltage source DC1, and the anode and the cathode of the direct-current voltage source DC1 are grounded; the source s of the Q1 and the negative stage of the body diode D1 are connected with a Load circuit Load 1; the series voltage division circuit comprises voltage division resistors R1 and R2 which are connected in series, one end of the voltage division resistor R1 is connected with a source s of a Q1, the other end of the voltage division resistor R2 is grounded, and a common node of the voltage division resistors R1 and R2 is connected with a grid g of a P-type MOS transistor Q1. The voltage dividing resistor R2 is also connected in series with a switching device Q2, and the switching device Q2 is controlled to be switched on and off by a trigger signal S1. The scheme can realize the function of preventing reverse connection of the input voltage, and the signal of the load circuit is used as the trigger signal, so that the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reverse connection protection of power supplies, in particular to a low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle and a control method thereof.
Background
In an electronic system, each circuit module always comprises a voltage input terminal and a voltage output terminal, wherein the positive end and the negative end of the input terminal are identified by mechanical and pattern marks under normal conditions, but once the power input terminal is reversely connected, the input terminal can be burnt, and even the whole electronic system can be burnt seriously. In order to avoid such accidents, the patent provides an anti-reverse connection circuit, which aims to solve the problem that the positive and negative connection of an input terminal is reversed.
The closest technology to the technology is mainly as follows:
1. application No.: CN201521000062.9, publication No.: CN205248774U, "an input reverse connection prevention protection circuit".
a) As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this scheme focuses on reverse protection of low input voltage, so the input voltage goes through the BOOST circuit.
b) The scheme selects an N-type MOS tube as a reverse connection protection device.
In the method of the prior art 1, an N-type MOS transistor is selected, and a Vgs port of the MOS transistor reaches a conduction threshold value through resistance voltage division. However, the BOOST circuit is added to the input terminal, and the circuit cost is increased. And the Vgs end of the MOS tube is not subjected to voltage anti-shake treatment.
2. Application No.: CN201120128215.3, publication No.: CN202050235U, a reverse battery protection circuit and a lamp.
As shown in fig. 3, in this scheme, a P-type MOS transistor is used as a reverse connection protection device, and a switching device is added.
In the method of the prior art 2, a P-type MOS transistor is selected, and a Vgs port of the MOS transistor reaches a conduction threshold value through resistance voltage division. But no voltage-stabilizing tube and capacitor are added into the Vgs port of the MOS tube; no voltage regulator tube is added, and a Vgs port is easy to break down when the input voltage is large. The capacitor C is not added, so that the MOS tube is easily influenced by voltage jitter, and the MOS tube is switched on and off by mistake.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the utility model provides a low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and a control method thereof, which aims to solve the problem that the positive and negative connection of an input terminal is reversed and reduce the power consumption of the circuit.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle comprises a direct-current voltage source DC1, a P-type MOS tube Q1 and a Load circuit Load1 which are sequentially connected in series, and further comprises a series voltage division circuit;
the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is provided with a body diode D1, the drain D of Q1 and the anode of the body diode D1 are connected with the anode of a direct-current voltage source DC1, and the anode and the cathode of the direct-current voltage source DC1 are grounded; the source s of the Q1 and the negative stage of the body diode D1 are connected with a Load circuit Load 1;
the series voltage division circuit comprises voltage division resistors R1 and R2 which are connected in series, one end of the voltage division resistor R1 is connected with a source s of a Q1, the other end of the voltage division resistor R2 is grounded, and a common node of the voltage division resistors R1 and R2 is connected with a grid g of a P-type MOS transistor Q1.
Preferably, a switching device Q2 is further connected in series to the voltage dividing resistor R2, and the switching device Q2 is controlled to be turned on and off by a trigger signal S1.
Preferably, the trigger signal S1 is generated by a Load circuit Load1, and the output signal of the Load circuit Load1 becomes the trigger signal S1 by boosting or dropping.
Preferably, the trigger signal S1 is generated by the high-low level of the chip output.
Preferably, the switching device Q2 is a triode or a MOS transistor.
Preferably, a zener diode D2 is connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1.
Preferably, a charging/discharging capacitor C1 is connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1.
Preferably, the charge and discharge capacitor connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is one capacitor or a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
A control method of a low-power reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, when a voltage is input into the DC1, the input voltage makes the body diode D1 of the P-type MOS transistor Q1 conducted, and further the Load circuit Load1 is electrified;
s2, a Load circuit Load1 outputs a trigger signal S1 to enable a switching device Q2 to be conducted, and voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 obtain divided voltage;
s3, because R1 obtains partial voltage, voltage reduction exists between a source electrode S and a grid electrode g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1, the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is conducted, the body diode D1 is short-circuited, and power consumption is reduced;
s4, when the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the DC voltage source DC1 are connected reversely, the P-type MOS tube Q1 and the switching device Q2 are not conducted, and the circuit is protected.
The invention has the advantages that:
the vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit and the control method thereof can realize the reverse connection prevention function of the input voltage, and compared with the prior art, the vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit has the advantages that:
1. the scheme uses a P-type MOS tube, a switch tube control circuit is added, and the switch tube is switched on and off by a trigger signal of a rear-stage load circuit. The trigger signal has various sources, and can be a voltage signal after voltage boosting or voltage reducing, or a high level and a low level given by a chip. The signal of the load circuit is used as the trigger signal, so that the cost is low.
2. According to the scheme, the voltage stabilizing diode and the capacitor are added at the Vgs end of the MOS tube. The voltage stabilizing diode can stabilize the voltage at a certain value, and can effectively avoid the MOS tube failure problem caused by overhigh voltage of Vgs terminal. The MOS transistor false switching problem caused by voltage jitter can be avoided by charging and discharging the capacitor. And a voltage stabilizing diode and a capacitor are added at the Vgs end of the MOS tube, so that the circuit performance is reliable and stable.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an input reverse-connect protection circuit of prior art 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a BOOST BOOST circuit in prior art 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery reverse-connection prevention protection circuit in prior art 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the low power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle according to the present invention.
In fig. 4, 001-ground GND 1; 002-direct voltage source DC 1; 003-body diode D1; 004-P type MOS transistor Q1; 005-zener diode D2; 006-capacitance C1; 007-voltage divider resistor R1; 008-voltage dividing resistor R2; 009-switching device Q2; 010-ground GND2, 011-Load circuit Load 1; 012 — trigger signal of switching device S1; 013-ground GND 3.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 4, the low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle of this embodiment includes a DC voltage source DC1, a P-type MOS transistor Q1, and a Load circuit Load1, which are connected in series in sequence, and further includes a series voltage dividing circuit; the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is provided with a body diode D1, the drain D of Q1 and the anode of the body diode D1 are connected with the anode of a direct-current voltage source DC1, and the anode and the cathode of the direct-current voltage source DC1 are grounded; the source s of the Q1 and the negative stage of the body diode D1 are connected with a Load circuit Load 1; the series voltage division circuit comprises voltage division resistors R1 and R2 which are connected in series, one end of the voltage division resistor R1 is connected with a source s of a Q1, the other end of the voltage division resistor R2 is grounded, and a common node of the voltage division resistors R1 and R2 is connected with a grid g of a P-type MOS transistor Q1. The voltage dividing resistor R2 is also connected in series with a switching device Q2, and the switching device Q2 is controlled to be switched on and off by a trigger signal S1.
The trigger signal S1 is generated by the Load circuit Load1, and the output signal of the Load circuit Load1 becomes the trigger signal S1 by boosting or dropping. Alternatively, the trigger signal S1 is generated by the high-low level of the chip output.
And a voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a charging and discharging capacitor C1 are connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1. The switching device Q2 is a triode or a MOS transistor, or other switching devices are selected.
The invention discloses a control method of a low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when a voltage is input into the DC1, the input voltage makes the body diode D1 of the P-type MOS transistor Q1 conducted, and further the Load circuit Load1 is electrified;
s2, a Load circuit Load1 outputs a trigger signal S1 to enable a switching device Q2 to be conducted, and voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 obtain divided voltage;
s3, because R1 obtains partial voltage, voltage reduction exists between a source electrode S and a grid electrode g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1, the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is conducted, and the body diode D1 is short-circuited;
when the body diode is conducted, the conduction voltage drop of the body diode is large, and the loss is also large; and when the MOS tube is conducted, the conduction voltage drop is lower, and the loss is smaller.
S4, when the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the DC voltage source DC1 are connected reversely, the P-type MOS tube Q1 and the switching device Q2 are not conducted, and the circuit is protected.
The scheme uses a P-type MOS tube, a switch tube control circuit is added, and the switch tube is switched on and off by a trigger signal of a rear-stage load circuit. The trigger signal has various sources, and can be a voltage signal after voltage boosting or voltage reducing, or a high level and a low level given by a chip. The signal of the load circuit is used as the trigger signal, so that the cost is low.
According to the scheme, the voltage stabilizing diode and the capacitor are added at the Vgs end of the MOS tube. The voltage stabilizing diode can stabilize the voltage at a certain value, and can effectively avoid the MOS tube failure problem caused by overhigh voltage of Vgs terminal. The MOS transistor false switching problem caused by voltage jitter can be avoided by charging and discharging the capacitor. And a voltage stabilizing diode and a capacitor are added at the Vgs end of the MOS tube, so that the circuit performance is reliable and stable.
The type and the voltage-stabilizing value of the voltage-stabilizing diode are not specified, and the type and the voltage-stabilizing value of the voltage-stabilizing diode are still within the scope of the patent.
The charging and discharging capacitor, but not the type, capacity and number of the capacitor, such as changing the type and capacity or connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel, still belongs to the scope of this patent.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for the vehicle is characterized by comprising a direct-current voltage source DC1, a P-type MOS tube Q1 and a Load circuit Load1 which are sequentially connected in series, and further comprising a series voltage division circuit;
the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is provided with a body diode D1, the drain D of Q1 and the anode of the body diode D1 are connected with the anode of a direct-current voltage source DC1, and the anode and the cathode of the direct-current voltage source DC1 are grounded; the source s of the Q1 and the negative stage of the body diode D1 are connected with a Load circuit Load 1;
the series voltage division circuit comprises voltage division resistors R1 and R2 which are connected in series, one end of the voltage division resistor R1 is connected with a source s of a Q1, the other end of the voltage division resistor R2 is grounded, and a common node of the voltage division resistors R1 and R2 is connected with a grid g of a P-type MOS transistor Q1.
2. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein a switching device Q2 is further connected in series to the voltage dividing resistor R2, and the switching device Q2 is controlled to be turned on and off by a trigger signal S1.
3. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the trigger signal S1 is generated by a Load circuit Load1, and an output signal of the Load circuit Load1 is changed into the trigger signal S1 through voltage boosting or voltage dropping.
4. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the trigger signal S1 is generated by a high-low level output by a chip.
5. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the switching device Q2 is a triode or a MOS transistor.
6. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein a zener diode D2 is connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1.
7. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein a charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1.
8. The vehicular low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 7, wherein a charge-discharge capacitor connected between the source s and the gate g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is one capacitor or a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
9. A control method of a low-power consumption reverse connection protection circuit for a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, when a voltage is input into the DC1, the input voltage makes the body diode D1 of the P-type MOS transistor Q1 conducted, and further the Load circuit Load1 is electrified;
s2, a Load circuit Load1 outputs a trigger signal S1 to enable a switching device Q2 to be conducted, and voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 obtain divided voltage;
s3, because R1 obtains partial voltage, voltage reduction exists between a source electrode S and a grid electrode g of the P-type MOS transistor Q1, the P-type MOS transistor Q1 is conducted, the body diode D1 is short-circuited, and power consumption is reduced;
s4, when the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the DC voltage source DC1 are connected reversely, the P-type MOS tube Q1 and the switching device Q2 are not conducted, and the circuit is protected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010755959.1A CN111969577A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010755959.1A CN111969577A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and control method thereof |
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| CN111969577A true CN111969577A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010755959.1A Pending CN111969577A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Low-power-consumption reverse connection protection circuit for vehicle and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113890333A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 赛卓电子科技（上海）有限公司 | High-voltage stabilizing circuit with anti-reflection protection |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207573033U (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-07-03 | 东莞市奥源电子科技有限公司 | A kind of charger reverse connecting protection circuit |
| CN108462163A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-28 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Meet the direct current reverse-connection preventing circuit of negative sense surge requirement |
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 CN CN202010755959.1A patent/CN111969577A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108462163A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-28 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Meet the direct current reverse-connection preventing circuit of negative sense surge requirement |
| CN207573033U (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-07-03 | 东莞市奥源电子科技有限公司 | A kind of charger reverse connecting protection circuit |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113890333A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 赛卓电子科技（上海）有限公司 | High-voltage stabilizing circuit with anti-reflection protection |
| CN113890333B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-07-08 | 赛卓电子科技(上海)股份有限公司 | High-voltage stabilizing circuit with anti-protection function |
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