CN216820627U

CN216820627U - Depth adjusting device, fertilizer applicator and seeder

Info

Publication number: CN216820627U
Application number: CN202220427923.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白洪栋; 白培源; 白思铭
Original assignee: Ningxia Hongdong Agricultural Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningxia Hongdong Agricultural Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-01
Filing date: 2022-03-01
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-01

Abstract

The utility model relates to a depth adjusting device, which comprises a walking wheel, a supporting frame, a connecting seat and an adjusting component, wherein the connecting seat is fixedly arranged on a frame of agricultural machinery, one end of the supporting frame is rotatably connected with the connecting seat, the other end of the supporting frame is provided with the walking wheel, one end of the adjusting component is connected with the connecting seat, the other end of the adjusting component is connected with the supporting frame, the walking wheel is grounded to support the front end or the rear end of the frame of the agricultural machinery, the included angle between the supporting frame and the connecting seat is changed through the adjusting component, the change of the included angle realizes the change of the landing point of the walking wheel and the vertical distance of the rotating connecting point, the change of the landing point of the walking wheel and the vertical distance of the rotating connecting point drives the front end or the rear end of the rack to ascend or descend relative to the ground, and the depth of the groove formed in the field by the ditching device installed on the rack is driven to be adjusted in the ascending or descending process of the front end or the rear end of the rack relative to the ground.

Description

Depth adjusting device, fertilizer applicator and seeder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, especially, relate to a degree of depth adjusting device and fertilizer distributor, seeder.

Background

The rice planting mode includes dry planting mode and rice transplanting mode. The dry rice seed is a type of direct seeding in dry farmland, and is a cultivation mode of directly seeding seeds in the dry farmland. The rice is sowed deeply in a dry way, and does not irrigate after being sowed, and generally sprouts by bottom soil moisture, root and seedling. After seedling emergence, irrigation is started again through a drought growing stage. The method has the advantages that the use amount of irrigation water is small, and water is basically not used for soil preparation and sowing; irrigation is started after 4 leaves, the root system is developed, and drought resistance is strong; high seedling rate, deep root and uneasy lodging. Practice shows that the rice is sowed and fertilized simultaneously, which is beneficial to the growth of rice.

In contrast, a chinese utility model patent with patent number 201811481069.5 entitled "multifunctional paddy rice dry-direct precision hill planter" discloses a technical solution that: including frame, ditching device, fertilizer injection unit, seeder, earthing device, suppression device, be equipped with the hangers in the frame to connect the tractor, ditching device, fertilizer injection unit, seeder, earthing device, suppression device set up in the frame, ditching device is located the front end of frame to subaerial the slot that is used for holding the chemical fertilizer of opening, fertilizer injection unit is located ditching device's rear, in order to spill the chemical fertilizer in the slot that ditching device opened, seeder is located fertilizer injection unit's rear, so that seed and chemical fertilizer spill same position, the earthing device is located seeder's rear, levels up the ditch that ditching device opened and makes soil cover on the seed, suppression device is located earthing device's rear to the soil compaction after with the earthing. The technical scheme can simultaneously broadcast chemical fertilizers and seeds, the multifunctional drought straight precision hill-drop planter for rice is characterized in that during running in the field, a hanger of a rack is connected with a hydraulic lifting frame at the rear end of a tractor, the hydraulic lifting frame has a lifting state and a falling state, the tractor is convenient to drive the multifunctional drought straight precision hill-drop planter for rice to turn around in the field in the lifting state, the tractor drives the multifunctional drought straight precision hill-drop planter for rice to sow in the field in the falling state, the ditching depth of a ditching device is controlled after the hydraulic lifting frame completely falls down in the sowing process, if the ditching depth of the ditching device cannot meet the sowing requirements, the ditching depth of the ditching device is realized by connecting other pin shaft holes of the hanger with the hydraulic lifting frame, after a pin shaft connecting the hanger with the hydraulic lifting frame is required to be detached in the adjusting process, the pin shaft holes at different positions of the hanger are connected with the hydraulic lifting frame through the pin shaft, this adjustment process is time-consuming and laborious, bringing very big inconvenience for the user.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model mainly aims to provide an install and be convenient for adjust the degree of depth of ditching and reach the degree of depth adjusting device that fertilization, seeding required on agricultural machinery.

Simultaneously the utility model also provides an use this degree of depth adjusting device's fertilizer distributor.

Simultaneously the utility model also provides a seeder using the depth adjusting device.

Simultaneously the utility model also provides an use this degree of depth adjusting device's seeding fertilization all-in-one.

The utility model provides a degree of depth adjusting device, including the walking wheel, the support frame, connecting seat and adjusting part, the connecting seat is installed in the frame of external agricultural machinery with fixed mode, the one end and the connecting seat of support frame rotate to be connected, the other end installation walking wheel of support frame, adjusting part's one end and connecting seat are connected, adjusting part's the other end and support frame are connected, the walking wheel lands with the frame front end or the rear end that supports agricultural machinery, change the contained angle between support frame and the connecting seat through adjusting part, the central point that the rotation of support frame and connecting seat is connected is the rotation tie point, the change of above-mentioned contained angle realizes the change of the perpendicular distance of the place of touchhing down and rotation tie point of walking wheel, can adjust the depth of installing the ditching device of installing in same frame and offer the slot in field through foretell regulation and realize accurate control.

Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat and an adjusting rod, the first fixing seat is installed on the connecting seat, the second fixing seat is installed on the supporting frame, two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively connected with the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat, and the adjusting rod is rotated to enable the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat to be close to or far away from each other to adjust the included angle between the supporting frame and the connecting seat.

Preferably, the adjusting part includes a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat and an adjusting rod, the first fixing seat is installed on the connecting seat, a first rotating block is arranged on the first fixing seat, the first rotating block is provided with a first threaded hole, the second fixing seat is installed on the supporting seat, a second rotating block is arranged on the second fixing seat, the second rotating block is provided with a second threaded hole, a thread groove of the first threaded hole and a thread groove of the second threaded hole are oppositely arranged, two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively provided with a first external thread and a second external thread, the middle part of the adjusting rod is provided with a rotating part for the wrench to rotate and adjust, the threads of the first external thread and the second external thread are oppositely arranged, the first external thread and the first threaded hole are connected in a matched manner, the second external thread and the second threaded hole are connected in a matched manner, the adjusting rod is rotated forwardly or reversely to enable the distance between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat to be lengthened or shortened, and the distance between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat is changed by changing the clamp between the supporting seat and the connecting seat And (4) an angle.

Preferably, the first fixing seat comprises a first main body part and two first supporting arms, the two first supporting arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the first main body part, a first mounting hole is formed in the front end of each first supporting arm, the two first mounting holes are coaxially arranged, a first rotating shaft is respectively arranged on two sides of the first rotating block, the two first rotating shafts are coaxially arranged, and each first rotating shaft is arranged in the first mounting hole; the second fixing seat comprises a second main body part and two second supporting arms, the two second supporting arms are arranged on two sides of the second main body part respectively, the front end of each second supporting arm is provided with a second mounting hole, the two second mounting holes are arranged coaxially, two second rotating shafts are arranged on two sides of the second rotating block respectively, and each second rotating shaft is arranged in the second mounting hole.

The utility model also provides a fertilizer applicator, which comprises a first frame, a first ditching device, a first fertilizer applying device, a first fixed supporting wheel and the depth adjusting device; the first rack is provided with a suspension loop, and the depth adjusting device, the first ditching device, the first fertilizing device and the first fixed supporting wheel are arranged on the first rack; the first ditching device is positioned at the front end of the first rack so as to dig a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the first fertilizing device is positioned behind the first ditching device so as to spread fertilizer into the grooves ditched by the first ditching device; the depth adjusting device and the first fixed supporting wheel are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first rack; the depth adjusting device is mounted at the front end of the first frame or the rear end of the first frame in a rotatable mode, the depth adjusting device and the first fixed supporting wheel respectively support the front end and the rear end of the first frame to enable the lower end of the first frame to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the first frame or the rear end of the first frame and the ground is adjusted through rotation of the depth adjusting device, and the first frame drives the first ditching device mounted on the first frame to ditch fields to adjust the depth of the ditches in the distance changing process between the front end of the first frame or the rear end of the first frame and the ground.

The utility model also provides a seeder, which comprises a second frame, a second ditching device, a second seeding device, a second fixed supporting wheel and the depth adjusting device; a first hanging lug is arranged on the second rack; the depth adjusting device, the second ditching device, the second seeding device and the travelling wheels are arranged on the second rack; the second ditching device is positioned at the front end of the second rack so as to ditch a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the second seeding device is positioned behind the second ditching device so as to spread seeds into the grooves dug by the second ditching device; the depth adjusting device and the second fixed supporting wheel are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the second rack; the depth adjusting device is mounted at the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack in a rotatable mode, the depth adjusting device and the second fixed supporting wheel respectively support the front end and the rear end of the second rack to enable the lower end of the second rack to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack and the ground is adjusted through rotation of the depth adjusting device, and the depth of field ditching by the second ditching device mounted on the second rack is adjusted by the second rack in the distance change process between the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack and the ground.

In the depth adjusting device and the fertilizer applicator, the seeder and the combined machine for fertilizing and seeding, the connecting seat is installed on a frame of agricultural machinery in a fixed mode, the walking wheels are grounded to support the front end or the rear end of the frame to enable the frame to operate stably in the field, the included angle between the supporting frame and the connecting seat is changed through the adjusting assembly, the change of the included angle realizes the change of the landing point of the walking wheels and the vertical distance of the rotating connecting point, the change of the landing point of the walking wheels and the vertical distance of the rotating connecting point drives the front end or the rear end of the frame to ascend or descend relative to the ground, and the depth of a groove formed in the field is adjusted by driving the ditching device installed on the frame to ascend or descend relative to the ground.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the depth adjustment device.

Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially assembled perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the second fixing base structure.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a second rotating block structure.

Fig. 7 is a side view of the fertilizer applicator.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the seeding machine.

Fig. 9 is a side view of the seed and fertilizer drill.

Fig. 10 is a side view of another fertilizing and seeding machine.

In the figure: the depth adjusting device 10, the traveling wheel 11, the support frame 12, the connecting seat 13, the adjusting assembly 14, the first fixing seat 141, the second fixing seat 142, the adjusting rod 143, the first rotating block 1411, the first threaded hole 1412, the second rotating block 1421, the second threaded hole 1422, the first external thread 1431, the second external thread 1432, the rotating part 1433, the first main body 1413, the first support arm 1414, the first mounting hole 1415, the first rotating shaft 1416, the second ditching 1423, the second support arm 1424, the second mounting hole 1425, the second rotating shaft 1426, the fertilizer applicator 100, the first frame 20, the first ditching device 30, the fertilizer applicator 40, the first fixed support wheel 50, the first lug 21, the blade 31, the seeder 200, the second frame 201, the second fixed support wheel 202, the second seeding device 203, the second fixed support wheel 204, and the second lug 2011.

Detailed Description

The following combines the utility model discloses a technical scheme and the technological effect of utility model embodiment do further elaboration.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a depth adjusting device 10 includes a traveling wheel 11, a support frame 12, a connection seat 13 and an adjusting component 14, the connection seat 13 is fixedly installed on a frame of an external agricultural machine, one end of the support frame 12 is rotatably connected with the connection seat 13, the other end of the support frame 12 is provided with the traveling wheel 11, one end of the adjusting component 14 is connected with the connection seat 13, the other end of the adjusting component 14 is connected with the support frame 12, the traveling wheel 11 is grounded to enable the depth adjusting device 10 to support the front end of the frame of the agricultural machine, a fixed support wheel is installed at the rear end of the frame of the agricultural machine, the frame provided with the depth adjusting device 10 is respectively supported and positioned by the depth adjusting device 10 and the fixed support wheel, so that the agricultural machine can stably operate in the field, a ditching device is further installed on the frame provided with the depth adjusting device 10, the agricultural machine enables the ditching device to extend into the ground with a preset depth during the field operation, the included angle a between the support frame 12 and the connecting seat 13 is changed through the adjusting component 14, the center position of the rotating connection between the support frame 12 and the connecting seat 13 is a rotating connection point, the change of the included angle a realizes the change of the landing point of the walking wheel 11 and the vertical distance L of the rotating connection point, and the depth of the groove formed in the field by the ditching device can be accurately controlled through the adjustment.

Further, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, the adjusting assembly 14 includes a first fixing seat 141, a second fixing seat 142 and an adjusting rod 143, the first fixing seat 141 is installed on the connecting seat 13, the second fixing seat 142 is installed on the supporting frame 12, two ends of the adjusting rod 143 are respectively connected to the first fixing seat 141 and the second fixing seat 142, the adjusting rod 143 is rotated to make the first fixing seat 141 and the second fixing seat 142 approach or separate from each other to adjust an included angle a between the supporting frame 12 and the connecting seat 13, the change of the included angle a realizes the change of a landing point of the traveling wheel 11 and a vertical distance L of a rotating connection point, and the depth of a groove formed in a field by the ditching device can be accurately controlled through the adjustment.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the adjusting assembly 14 includes a first fixing seat 141, a second fixing seat 142 and an adjusting rod 143, the first fixing seat 141 is mounted on the connecting seat 13, a first rotating block 1411 is disposed on the first fixing seat 141, the first rotating block 1411 is provided with a first threaded hole 1412, the second fixing seat 142 is mounted on the supporting frame 12, a second rotating block 1421 is disposed on the second fixing seat 142, a second threaded hole 1422 is disposed on the second rotating block 1421, a thread groove of the first threaded hole 1412 and a thread groove of the second threaded hole 1422 are oppositely disposed, first and second

external threads

1431 and 1432 are respectively disposed at two ends of the adjusting rod 143, a rotating portion 1433 for rotational adjustment of a wrench is disposed at a middle portion of the adjusting rod 143, threads of the first and the second external threads 1432 are oppositely disposed, the first and the first external threads 1431 are connected with the first threaded hole 1412 in a matching manner, and the second external threads 1432 are connected with the second threaded hole 1422 in a matching manner, the adjustment rod 143 is rotated forward or backward to lengthen or shorten the distance between the first fixing seat 141 and the second fixing seat 142, and the change of the distance between the first fixing seat 141 and the second fixing seat 142 changes the included angle a between the support frame 12 and the connection seat 13.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the first fixing base 141 includes a first main body 1413 and two first supporting arms 1414, the two first supporting arms 1414 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first main body 1413, a first mounting hole 1415 is disposed at a front end of each first supporting arm 1414, the two first mounting holes 1415 are coaxially disposed, two first rotating shafts 1416 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first rotating block 1411, the two first rotating shafts 1416 are coaxially disposed, and each first rotating shaft 1416 is mounted in the first mounting hole 1415; the second fixing seat 142 includes a second main body 1423 and two second supporting arms 1424, the two second supporting arms 1424 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second main body 1423, a second mounting hole 1425 is disposed at the front end of each second supporting arm 1424, the two second mounting holes 1425 are coaxially disposed, two second rotating shafts 1426 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second rotating block 1421, the two second rotating shafts 1426 are coaxially disposed, and each second rotating shaft 1426 is mounted in the second mounting hole 1425. The distance between the first rotating block 1411 and the second rotating block 1421 is lengthened or shortened by rotating the adjusting rod 143 in the forward direction or the reverse direction, the distance between the first fixing seat 141 and the second fixing seat 142 is changed by adjusting the distance between the first rotating block 1411 and the second rotating block 1421, and then the second fixing seat 142 and the supporting frame 12 fixedly connected with the second fixing seat 142 are pulled to rotate around the pivot shafts of the supporting frame 12 and the connecting seat 13, so that the included angle a between the supporting frame 12 and the connecting seat 13 is adjusted, finally, the change of the landing point of the traveling wheel 11 and the vertical distance L of the rotating connection point is realized, and the depth of the groove formed in the field by the ditching device can be accurately controlled by adjusting.

The utility model also provides an install above-mentioned degree of depth adjusting device's fertilizer distributor. Referring to fig. 7, the fertilizer applicator 100 includes a first frame 20, a first ditching device 30, a fertilizer application device 40, a first fixed support wheel 50, and further includes the depth adjustment device 10; a first hanging lug 21 is arranged on the first frame 20, and the first hanging lug 21 is used for connecting a tractor; the depth adjusting device 10, the first ditching device 30, the fertilizing device 40 and the first fixed supporting wheel 50 are arranged on the first frame 20; the first ditching device 30 is positioned at the front end of the first frame 20 to dig a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the fertilizer applying device 40 is positioned behind the first ditching device 30 so as to spread fertilizer into the grooves ditched by the first ditching device 30; the depth adjusting device 10 is installed at the front end of the first frame 20, and the first fixed supporting wheel 50 is installed at the rear end of the first frame 20; the depth adjusting device 10 is rotatably mounted at the front end of the first frame 20 or the rear end of the first frame 20, the depth adjusting device 10 and the first fixed supporting wheel 50 respectively support the front end and the rear end of the first frame 20 to enable the lower end of the first frame 20 to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the first frame 20 and the ground is changed through the rotation adjustment of the depth adjusting device 10, and the first frame 20 drives the first ditching device 30 mounted on the first frame 20 to accurately adjust the ditching depth of the field in the process of changing the distance between the front end of the first frame 20 and the ground. The blade 31 is mounted at the lower end of the first ditching device 30, the blade 31 is mounted at the front side of the first ditching device 30 in an inclined mode, and the adjustment of the ditching depth of the field by the blade 31 is realized through the rotation adjustment of the depth adjusting device 10 relative to the first machine frame 20.

In another embodiment, according to the variation of the first frame 20 and the first furrowing device 30 installed at different positions of the first frame 20, the depth adjusting device 10 and the first fixed support wheel 50 can be interchangeably installed at the front end or the rear end of the first frame, i.e. the depth adjusting device 10 is installed at the rear end of the first frame 20, the first fixed support wheel 50 is installed at the front end of the first frame 20, and the depth of the furrowing field by the first furrowing device 30 can be adjusted to reach the required depth by the depth adjusting device 10.

The utility model also provides a seeder of installing above-mentioned degree of depth adjusting device 10. Referring to fig. 8, the seeding machine 200 includes a second frame 201, a second ditching device 202, a second seeding device 203 and a second fixed supporting wheel 204, and further includes the depth adjusting device 10; a second lug 2011 is arranged on the second frame 201 and used for connecting a hydraulic lifting frame at the rear end of the tractor; the depth adjusting device 10, the second ditching device 202, the second seeding device 203 and the second fixed supporting wheel 204 are arranged on the second rack 201; the second ditching device 202 is positioned at the front end of the second frame 201 to dig a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the second seeding device 203 is positioned behind the second ditching device 202 so as to sow seeds into the grooves ditched by the second ditching device 202; the depth adjusting device 10 and the second fixed supporting wheel 204 are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the second frame 201; the depth adjusting device 10 is rotatably mounted at the front end of the second frame 201 or the rear end of the second frame 201, the depth adjusting device 10 and the second fixed supporting wheel 204 respectively support the front end and the rear end of the second frame 201 to enable the lower end of the second frame 201 to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the second frame 201 or the rear end of the second frame 201 and the ground is changed through the rotation adjustment of the depth adjusting device 10, and the depth of field furrowing by the second furrowing device 202 mounted on the second frame 201 is adjusted by the second frame 201 in the process of changing the distance between the front end of the second frame 201 or the rear end of the second frame 201 relative to the ground.

Claims

1. A depth adjustment device, characterized by: including the walking wheel, the support frame, connecting seat and adjusting part, the connecting seat is installed in agricultural machinery's frame with fixed mode, the one end and the connecting seat of support frame rotate to be connected, the other end installation walking wheel of support frame, adjusting part's one end and connecting seat are connected, adjusting part's the other end and support frame are connected, the walking wheel lands in order to support agricultural machinery's frame front end or rear end, change the contained angle between support frame and the connecting seat through adjusting part, the central point that the rotation of support frame and connecting seat is connected is the rotation tie point, the change of above-mentioned contained angle realizes the change of the perpendicular distance of the place of going to and the rotation tie point of walking wheel, can adjust the depth that the ditching device of installing in same frame offered the slot in field through foretell regulation and realize accurate control.

2. The depth adjustment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the adjusting assembly comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat and an adjusting rod, the first fixing seat is installed on the connecting seat, the second fixing seat is installed on the supporting frame, two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively connected with the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat, and the adjusting rod is rotated to enable the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat to be close to or far away from each other to adjust the included angle between the supporting frame and the connecting seat.

3. The depth adjustment apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the adjusting component comprises a first fixed seat, the adjusting device comprises a second fixing seat and an adjusting rod, wherein the first fixing seat is installed on a connecting seat, a first rotating block is arranged on the first fixing seat, the first rotating block is provided with a first threaded hole, the second fixing seat is installed on a supporting frame, a second rotating block is arranged on the second fixing seat, the second rotating block is provided with a second threaded hole, a threaded groove of the first threaded hole and a threaded groove of the second threaded hole are arranged oppositely, first external threads and second external threads are arranged at two ends of the adjusting rod respectively, a rotating part for a wrench to rotate and adjust is arranged in the middle of the adjusting rod, threads of the first external threads and the second external threads are arranged oppositely, the first external threads and the first threaded hole are connected in a matched mode, the second external threads and the second threaded hole are connected in a matched mode, the adjusting rod is rotated forwardly or reversely to enable the distance between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat to be lengthened or shortened, and the included angle between the supporting frame and the connecting seat is changed due to the change of the distance between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat.

4. A depth adjustment device as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the first fixing seat comprises a first main body part and two first supporting arms, the two first supporting arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the first main body part, the front end of each first supporting arm is provided with a first mounting hole, the two first mounting holes are coaxially arranged, two sides of the first rotating block are respectively provided with a first rotating shaft, the two first rotating shafts are coaxially arranged, and each first rotating shaft is arranged in the first mounting hole; the second fixing seat comprises a second main body part and two second supporting arms, the two second supporting arms are arranged on two sides of the second main body part respectively, the front end of each second supporting arm is provided with a second mounting hole, the two second mounting holes are arranged coaxially, two second rotating shafts are arranged on two sides of the second rotating block respectively, and each second rotating shaft is arranged in the second mounting hole.

5. The utility model provides a fertilizer distributor which characterized in that: comprises a depth adjusting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, a first frame, a first ditching device, a first fertilizing device and a first fixed supporting wheel, and also comprises the depth adjusting device; the first rack is provided with a suspension loop, and the depth adjusting device, the first ditching device, the first fertilizing device and the first fixed supporting wheel are arranged on the first rack; the first ditching device is positioned at the front end of the first rack so as to dig a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the first fertilizing device is positioned behind the first ditching device so as to spread fertilizer into the grooves ditched by the first ditching device; the depth adjusting device and the first fixed supporting wheel are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first rack; the depth adjusting device is rotatably mounted at the front end of the first rack or the rear end of the first rack, the depth adjusting device and the first fixed supporting wheel respectively support the front end and the rear end of the first rack to enable the lower end of the first rack to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the first rack or the rear end of the first rack and the ground is changed through the rotation adjustment of the depth adjusting device, and the first rack drives the first ditching device mounted on the first rack to ditch fields to adjust the depth of ditching in the distance changing process between the front end of the first rack or the rear end of the first rack and the ground.

6. A seeding machine, which is characterized in that: comprises a depth adjusting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, a second frame, a second ditching device, a second sowing device and a second fixed supporting wheel; a first hanging lug is arranged on the second rack; the depth adjusting device, the second ditching device, the second seeding device and the travelling wheels are arranged on the second rack; the second ditching device is positioned at the front end of the second rack so as to ditch a groove for containing fertilizer on the ground; the second seeding device is positioned behind the second ditching device so as to sow seeds into the grooves ditched by the second ditching device; the depth adjusting device and the second fixed supporting wheel are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the second rack; the depth adjusting device is mounted at the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack in a rotatable mode, the depth adjusting device and the second fixed supporting wheel respectively support the front end and the rear end of the second rack to enable the lower end of the second rack to keep a preset distance with the ground, the distance between the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack and the ground is adjusted through rotation of the depth adjusting device, and the depth of field ditching by the second ditching device mounted on the second rack is adjusted by the second rack in the distance change process between the front end of the second rack or the rear end of the second rack and the ground.