CN216754620U

CN216754620U - Adjustable clearance detector

Info

Publication number: CN216754620U
Application number: CN202122450859.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭常安; 李俊成; 朱文润; 曹露
Original assignee: Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University
Current assignee: Shandong Weigao Orthopedic Materials Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-12
Filing date: 2021-10-12
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-12

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable gap detector which is characterized by comprising a straightening gap plate, wherein the straightening gap plate is fixedly connected with a handle, a posterior condylar plate is arranged at the bottom of the straightening gap plate, one side of the posterior condylar plate is connected with the straightening gap plate through a lifting mechanism, an arc-shaped structure matched with a flexed femur is arranged on the other side surface of the posterior condylar plate, the top of the straightening gap plate is connected with a supplementary plate through the lifting mechanism, and an adjuster used for adjusting the lifting height of the lifting mechanism for connecting the supplementary plate and the posterior condylar plate is arranged on the handle. The gap detector is additionally provided with the rear condyle plate with adjustable height and the supplement plate with adjustable height on the basis of the prior art, so that the gap detector can be clamped in the gap between the tibia and the femur more closely, the extension gap corresponds to the flexion gap obtained by the osteotome, the femur is prevented from shaking, and the precision of femur resection is improved.

Description

Adjustable clearance detector

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an adjustable clearance detector, and belongs to the technical field of medical equipment.

Background

Currently, with the aging of the population, more and more patients suffering from knee joint bone joint have symptoms of knee joint soreness, incapability of standing, or unstable walking, and knee joint resurfacing is the final effective means for treating knee joint osteoarthritis, requiring a doctor to resect the necrotic or worn femur 1 connected with the articular surface 3 of the tibia 4, as shown in fig. 1, and install an artificial joint prosthesis 2 so that the patients can stand again and walk normally.

In the knee joint bone surface replacement, the straightening gap balance and the flexion gap balance are the key of the operation, and the straightening gap is the most common effective method for the bone cutting operation. When a bone surgeon performs an operation on a patient, a cross section is cut on a bent femur 1 to form a first section 1-3, the straightening gap osteotomy is completed, as shown in fig. 2, the straightening gap and the bending gap are balanced through a gap detector, then data of an artificial joint prosthesis 2 closest to the size of the femur are obtained through a gap measurer according to the sizes of the femur and the artificial joint prosthesis, and finally, the resection of a second section 1-5, a third section 1-4, a fourth section 1-2 and a fifth section 1-1 on the femur 1 is sequentially performed through an osteotome, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the size of the artificial joint prosthesis 2 is determined by the height of the fifth section 1-1. After the osteotomy is completed, the artificial joint prosthesis 2 is mounted on the resected surface of the femur 1.

The above-described surgical operation has the following problems:

after the extension gap is determined, the existing anterior reference or posterior reference measurer is used, when the flexion gap is determined, a doctor determines the position of the second section 1-5 by means of visual observation and experience of the doctor, and because no positioning device is arranged below the flexion femur 1 and gaps between the two sides of the femur 1 and the tibia 4 on knee joints of different people are different, the balance between the two sides of the flexion femur 1 and the tibia 4 before the interception of the second section 1-5 cannot be guaranteed, the flexion gap equal to the extension gap cannot be obtained, and the inner side and the outer side of the flexion gap cannot be accurately balanced, so that the positioning position of the femur section plate is not accurate, the mounting of a prosthesis of a post-operation joint is influenced, and after the mounting, a patient cannot recover to normal movement and the rehabilitation after the operation is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is as follows: how to ensure the positioning accuracy of the osteotomy.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is to provide an adjustable gap detector which is characterized by comprising a straightening gap plate, wherein the straightening gap plate is fixedly connected with a handle, a rear condyle plate is arranged at the bottom of the straightening gap plate, one side of the rear condyle plate is connected with the straightening gap plate through a lifting mechanism, an arc-shaped structure matched with a flexed femur is arranged on the other side surface of the rear condyle plate, the top of the straightening gap plate is connected with a supplement plate through the lifting mechanism, and a regulator for regulating the lifting height of the lifting mechanism for connecting the supplement plate and the rear condyle plate is arranged on the handle.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a gear, the gear is meshed with a rack, the rack is vertical to the straightening gap plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with an adjuster; one end of the rack is fixedly connected with the posterior condylar plate or the supplementary plate.

Preferably, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the adjuster through a change gear.

Preferably, the direction changing gear comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is fixed on the adjuster, the driven gear is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other.

Preferably, the connecting rod is arranged in the straightening gap plate and the handle.

Preferably, one side of the posterior condylar plate is arranged right below the straightening gap plate, and the arc-shaped structure at the other side of the posterior condylar plate is arranged at the outer side of the straightening gap plate.

Preferably, the arc-shaped structure of the posterior condylar plate and one end of the straightening gap plate form a step-shaped structure; the extension gap plate height is greater than the height of the posterior condylar plate arc-shaped structure.

Preferably, the upper surface of the straightening gap plate is a horizontal plane.

Preferably, the end of the arc-shaped structure on the posterior condylar plate is provided with a groove for avoiding a ligament connected between the tibia and the femur.

Preferably, the handle is provided with a hole, and the hole opening direction of the hole is vertical to the straightening gap plate.

Preferably, the number of said holes is at least two.

The gap detector is additionally provided with the rear condyle plate with adjustable height and the supplement plate with adjustable height on the basis of the prior art, so that the gap detector can be clamped in the gap between the tibia and the femur more closely, the extension gap corresponds to the flexion gap obtained by the osteotome, the femur is prevented from shaking, and the precision of femur resection is improved.

The utility model is used for assisting the detection of the balance of the extension and flexion gaps when the flexion gap is cut based on the completion of the extension gap cutting in the knee joint surface replacement, and the detector of the utility model is used for assisting the detection of the balance of the extension and flexion gaps when the flexion gap is cut, so that the balance of the extension and flexion gaps is completed while the flexion gap is cut.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a knee joint bone surface after replacement of an artificial joint prosthesis;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a straightened femur with a cross-section cut laterally through the base of the femur and the articular surface on the tibia cut laterally to form a straightened gap;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a femur after resection;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable gap detector;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the driving of the elevating mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a combined extended and flexed gap detector.

Detailed Description

In order to make the utility model more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the overall operation steps of the knee joint bone resurfacing operation using the detector 7 of the present invention are as follows:

when an orthopedist performs an osteotomy on a patient, the distal end of the femur 1 is firstly cut off transversely at the bottom of the femur to form a first cut 1-3, as shown in fig. 2. Then, the joint surface 3 at the near end of the tibia 4 is cut off transversely, the osteotomy of the extension gap is completed, the extension gap is the distance between the femur 1 and the tibia 4 with the near-end joint 3 cut off when the femur is extended, and then the extension gap is measured and detected through a detector 7, so that the detector 7 is clamped in the extension gap in a proper and loose manner, and the balance of the knee joint is adjusted; the knee is then flexed and positioned by placing the detector 7 on the tibia 4 with the articular surface 3 cut away, with the anterior side of the detector 7 against the side of the flexed femur 1 on the same side as the first cut 1-3, and then placing the osteotome 6 on the detector 7, with a section of the bottom of the flexed femur 1 (i.e. the second cut 1-5 in figure 3) horizontally cut through the osteotome 6 along the top of the detector 7 so that the extension gap and the flexion gap are the same, the flexion gap being the distance between the femur 1 when flexed and the tibia 4 with the articular surface 3 cut away. Then, according to the sizes of the femur and the artificial joint prosthesis, the data of the artificial joint prosthesis 2 closest to the size of the femur is obtained by a measurer 5, and finally, the resection of the third section 1-4, the fourth section 1-2 and the fifth section 1-1 on the femur 1 is sequentially carried out by a osteotomy device 6, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the size of the artificial joint prosthesis 2 is determined by the height of the fifth section 1-1. After the bone cutting is finished, the artificial joint prosthesis 2 is sleeved on the cut surface of the femur 1.

The present invention provides an adjustable gap detector (i.e., detector 7), as shown in fig. 4, which comprises a straight gap plate 7-2, wherein the upper surface of the straight gap plate 7-2 is a horizontal plane. The extension gap plate 7-2 is fixedly connected with the handle 7-5, the bottom of the extension gap plate 7-2 is provided with a rear condyle plate 7-1, one side of the rear condyle plate 7-1 is connected with the extension gap plate 7-2 through a lifting mechanism, the other side surface of the rear condyle plate 7-1 is provided with an arc structure matched with a flexed femur, one side of the rear condyle plate 7-1 is arranged right below the extension gap plate 7-2, and the arc structure on the other side of the rear condyle plate 7-1 is arranged on the outer side of the extension gap plate 7-2. The arc structure of the posterior condylar plate 7-1 and one end of the straightening gap plate 7-2 form a step-shaped structure; the extension gap plate 7-2 is taller than the posterior condylar plate 7-1 arc. The end of the arc-shaped structure on the posterior condylar plate 7-1 is provided with a groove for avoiding ligaments connecting the tibia 4 and the femur 1. The handle 7-5 is provided with two holes 7-9, the opening direction of the holes 7-9 is vertical to the straightening gap plate 7-2, and the number of the holes 7-9 is two. The top of the straightening gap plate 7-2 is connected with a supplementary plate 7-3 through a lifting mechanism, and the handle 7-5 is provided with an adjuster 7-4 for adjusting the lifting height of the lifting mechanism connected with the supplementary plate 7-3 and the posterior condylar plate 7-1 respectively.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the lifting mechanism comprises a connecting rod 7-6, one end of the connecting rod 7-6 is provided with a gear 7-8, the gear 7-8 is meshed with a rack 7-7, the rack 7-7 is vertical to the straightening gap plate 7-2, and the other end of the connecting rod 7-6 is connected with an adjuster 7-4; one end of the rack 7-7 is fixedly connected with the posterior condylar plate 7-1 or the supplementary plate 7-3. The other end of the connecting rod 7-6 is connected with the regulator 7-4 through a change gear 7-10; the central shaft of the adjuster 7-4 is perpendicular to the central shaft of the connecting rod 7-6, and the connecting rod 7-6 rotates along the central shaft when the adjuster 7-4 rotates along the central shaft through the change gear 7-10. The direction changing gear 7-10 comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is fixed on the adjuster 7-4, the driven gear is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod 7-6, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other. The connecting rod 7-6 is arranged in the straightening gap plate 7-2 and the handle 7-5.

As shown in fig. 4-7, the process of using the present invention is as follows:

on the basis of the completion of the osteotomy based on the extension gap, the detector 7 of the utility model is used for measuring the extension gap, the detector 7 is placed in the extension gap, if the height of the extension gap plate 7-2 is not enough, namely a gap exists between the upper side or the lower side of the extension gap plate 7-2 and the upper side of the extension gap, the distance between the posterior condylar plate 7-1 and the extension gap plate 7-2 is increased by adjusting the adjuster 7-4 for controlling the height of the posterior condylar plate 7-1 until the detector 7 is clamped in the extension gap. (or the distance between the supplement plate 7-3 and the straightening gap plate 7-2 is increased by adjusting the adjuster 7-4 for controlling the height of the supplement plate 7-3, and the detector 7 can be clamped in the straightening gap)

Then the knee joint is bent, the operator places the detector 7 on the tibia 4 with the articular surface 3 cut off, holds the handle 7-5 with hands, and pushes the fixed extension gap plate 7-2 and the posterior condyle plate 7-1 into the gap (flexion gap) between the tibia 4 and the flexed femur 1, so that the arc-shaped structure on the posterior condyle plate 7-1 is just clamped at the bottom of the flexed femur 1, and when the posterior condyle plate 7-1 is not enough to fill the gap between the tibia 4 and the flexed femur 1, the distance between the posterior condyle plate 7-1 and the extension gap plate 7-2 or the distance between the supplement plate 7-3 and the extension gap plate 7-2 is adjusted until there is no gap between the tibia 4 and the flexed femur 1, namely, the femur 1 cannot sway to two sides relative to the posterior condyle plate 7-1. Then a straight rod is inserted into the hole 7-9 of the handle 7-5 to ensure that the straight rod is parallel to the section of the osteotomy of the extension gap of the femur 1, and then whether the detector 7 is horizontal or not is judged. Then, the osteotome 6 is placed on the extension gap plate 7-2, the osteotome 6 is attached to the bent femur 1 after the extension gap osteotomy is completed (namely, on the first cut surface 1-3 in fig. 3), a hole is punched in the end part of the bent femur 1 according to the position of the osteotome 6, so that the osteotome 6 is positioned on the femur 1, then, the knife edge position of the top part of the horizontally-cut bent femur 1 is determined through the measurer 5 according to the size of the femur 1, then, the resection operation of each position on the femur is carried out, so that the extension gap corresponds to the bending gap obtained through the osteotome, and finally, the artificial joint prosthesis 2 is sleeved on the cut femur, so that the operation of the surface replacement of the knee joint bone is completed.

Claims

1. An adjustable gap detector is characterized by comprising a straightening gap plate (7-2), wherein the straightening gap plate (7-2) is fixedly connected with a handle (7-5), a posterior condylar plate (7-1) is arranged at the bottom of the straightening gap plate (7-2), one side of the posterior condylar plate (7-1) is connected with the straightening gap plate (7-2) through a lifting mechanism, an arc-shaped structure matched with a flexed femur is arranged on the other side surface of the posterior condylar plate (7-1), the top of the straightening gap plate (7-2) is connected with a supplement plate (7-3) through the lifting mechanism, and an adjuster (7-4) for adjusting the lifting height of the lifting mechanism for connecting the supplement plate (7-3) and the posterior condylar plate (7-1) is arranged on the handle (7-5).

2. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a connecting rod (7-6), one end of the connecting rod (7-6) is provided with a gear (7-8), the gear (7-8) is meshed with a rack (7-7), the rack (7-7) is vertical to the straightening gap plate (7-2), and the other end of the connecting rod (7-6) is connected with an adjuster (7-4); one end of the rack (7-7) is fixedly connected with the posterior condylar plate (7-1) or the supplementary plate (7-3).

3. The adjustable gap detector as claimed in claim 2, wherein the other end of the connecting rod (7-6) is connected with the adjuster (7-4) through a change gear (7-10).

4. The adjustable gap detector as claimed in claim 3, wherein the direction changing gear (7-10) comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is fixed on the adjuster (7-4), the driven gear is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod (7-6), and the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged with each other.

5. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 2, wherein the connecting rod (7-6) is arranged in the straightening gap plate (7-2) and the handle (7-5).

6. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1, wherein one side of the posterior condylar plate (7-1) is disposed right below the extension gap plate (7-2), and the arc-shaped structure of the other side of the posterior condylar plate (7-1) is disposed outside the extension gap plate (7-2).

7. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped structure of the posterior condylar plate (7-1) forms a step-like structure with one end of the straightening gap plate (7-2); the height of the extension gap plate (7-2) is larger than that of the arc structure of the posterior condylar plate (7-1).

8. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the upper surface of the straight gap plate (7-2) is a horizontal plane.

9. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1, wherein the posterior condylar plate (7-1) is provided with a recess at the end of the arc-shaped structure for avoiding the ligament connecting the tibia (4) and the femur (1).

10. The adjustable gap detector according to claim 1, wherein the handle (7-5) is provided with a hole (7-9), and the hole (7-9) is opened in a direction perpendicular to the straight gap plate (7-2).