CN216699609U - Main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit - Google Patents
Main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN216699609U CN216699609U CN202123286180.9U CN202123286180U CN216699609U CN 216699609 U CN216699609 U CN 216699609U CN 202123286180 U CN202123286180 U CN 202123286180U CN 216699609 U CN216699609 U CN 216699609U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an automatic switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply, which comprises a relay K1, a relay K2, a time delay control module, a main power supply conversion module and an auxiliary power supply conversion module, wherein the signal output end of the relay K1 is connected with the signal input end of the main power supply conversion module, the signal output end of the main power supply conversion module is connected with the control end of a relay K2, the signal output end of the relay K2 is connected with the signal input end of the auxiliary power supply conversion module, the signal output end of the auxiliary power supply conversion module is connected with the power supply control end of the time delay control module, and the signal output end of the time delay control module is connected with the control end of a relay K1; the automatic switching circuit of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply and the time delay control module realize that the relay K2 works earlier than the relay K1, so that only the main power supply conversion module in the system works normally, and when the main power supply conversion module breaks down, the auxiliary power supply conversion module works automatically to realize the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial control, in particular to an automatic switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply.
Background
There are generally two schemes for the existing power switching circuit: 1. a switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply is realized by adopting triodes (based on the switching characteristics of the triodes, the connection mode that the base electrode of one triode is connected with the emitting electrode of the other triode is adopted); 2. the switching circuit of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is realized by adopting MOS tubes (based on the switching characteristics of the MOS tubes, the connection mode that the grid electrode of one MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the other MOS tube is adopted).
The technical disadvantages of the above two schemes: 1. the power supply switching in the heavy current field can not be realized by adopting the triode and the MOS tube, and can only be realized in the working voltage range of the triode and the MOS tube; 2. the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply cannot be realized by adopting a triode and an MOS tube, and the automatic switching needs to be realized manually.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Accordingly, there is a need for an automatic switching circuit for main and auxiliary power supplies that can automatically switch the main and auxiliary power supplies in the heavy current domain.
The utility model provides a main and auxiliary power supply automatic switch-over circuit, including relay K1, relay K2, time delay control module, main power supply conversion module and auxiliary power supply conversion module, relay K1's signal output part is connected with main power supply conversion module's signal input part, main power supply conversion module's signal output part is connected with relay K2's control end, relay K2's signal output part is connected with auxiliary power supply conversion module's signal input part, auxiliary power supply conversion module's signal output part is connected with time delay control module's power control end, time delay control module's signal output part and relay K1's control end are connected.
In one embodiment, the delay control module includes a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a diode D2, and a capacitor C1, wherein a collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to a base of the transistor Q2 and one end of the resistor R3, a base of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and an anode of the diode D2, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1.
In one embodiment, the delay control module further includes a diode D1, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
In one embodiment, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN transistors.
In one embodiment, the relays K1 and K2 are normally closed relays.
In one embodiment, the primary power conversion module or the secondary power conversion module includes a step-down transformer T1, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, and a voltage regulator U1, an anode of the diode D3 is connected to a cathode of the diode D4, a cathode of the diode D5 is connected to a cathode of the diode D5, an anode of the diode D5 is connected to a cathode of the diode D6, an output end of the step-down transformer T1 is connected to a common connection point among the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5, and the diode D6, an input end of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to a cathode of the diode D6, and an output end of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to a load.
In one embodiment, the primary power conversion module or the secondary power conversion module further includes a capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the signal input terminal of the voltage regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the ground.
In one embodiment, the main power conversion module or the secondary power conversion module further includes a capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the signal output terminal of the voltage regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the ground.
In one embodiment, the primary power conversion module or the secondary power conversion module includes a fuse F1, a resistor R7, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transformer T2, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, and a diode D10, one end of the fuse F1 is connected to an ac power source, the other end is connected to an input terminal of a transformer T2, the resistor R7 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, one ends of the resistor R7 and the capacitor C4 are respectively connected to a common connection point between the fuse F1 and the transformer T2, a cathode of the diode D7 is connected to an anode of the diode D8, a cathode of the diode D8 is connected to a cathode of the diode D10, a cathode of the diode D9 is connected to an anode of the diode D10, an output terminal of the transformer T2 is respectively connected to a common connection point between the diode D7 and the diode D8, and the diode D9 and the diode D10, the capacitor C5 and the capacitor C6 are connected in parallel, one ends of the capacitor C5 and the capacitor C6 are connected with the cathode of the diode D9.
In one embodiment, the resistor R7 is a voltage dependent resistor.
The automatic switching circuit of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply comprises a relay K1, a relay K2, a delay control module, a main power supply conversion module and an auxiliary power supply conversion module which are arranged in a matched mode, 2 normally closed relays of the relay K1 and the relay K2, wherein the delay control module comprises two NPN switch diode circuits, a resistance voltage division circuit and an RC delay circuit, and the delay control module realizes that the relay K2 works earlier than the relay K1, so that only the main power supply conversion module in the system works normally, when the main power supply conversion module breaks down, the auxiliary power supply conversion module works automatically, when the main power supply conversion module recovers power supply, the auxiliary power supply conversion module stops working, the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is realized, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, the safety is high, and the strong current can be applied to the field of industrial control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an automatic switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a main power conversion module or an auxiliary power conversion module of the automatic main-auxiliary power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a main power conversion module or an auxiliary power conversion module of an automatic main-auxiliary power switching circuit according to another embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, an automatic switching circuit for a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply includes a relay K1, a relay K2, a delay control module 100, a main power supply conversion module 200 and an auxiliary power supply conversion module 300, a signal output end of the relay K1 is connected with a signal input end of the main power supply conversion module 200, a signal output end of the main power supply conversion module 200 is connected with a control end of the relay K2, a signal output end of the relay K2 is connected with a signal input end of the auxiliary power supply conversion module 300, a signal output end of the auxiliary power supply conversion module 300 is connected with a power supply control end of the delay control module 100, and a signal output end of the delay control module 100 is connected with a control end of the relay K1.
In one embodiment, the delay control module 100 includes a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a diode D2, and a capacitor C1, wherein a collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to a base of the transistor Q2 and one end of the resistor R3, a base of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and an anode of the diode D2, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1.
In one embodiment, the delay control module further includes a diode D1, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
In one embodiment, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN transistors.
In one embodiment, the relays K1 and K2 are normally closed relays.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the primary power conversion module 200 or the secondary power conversion module 300 includes a step-down transformer T1, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, and a voltage regulator U1, an anode of the diode D3 is connected to a cathode of the diode D4, a cathode of the diode D5 is connected to a cathode of the diode D5, an anode of the diode D5 is connected to a cathode of the diode D6, an output terminal of the step-down transformer T1 is connected to a common connection point between the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5, and the diode D6, an input terminal of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to a cathode of the diode D6, and an output terminal of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to a load.
In one embodiment, the primary power conversion module 200 or the secondary power conversion module 300 further includes a capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the signal input terminal of the voltage regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the ground.
In one embodiment, the primary power conversion module 200 or the secondary power conversion module 300 further includes a capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the signal output terminal of the voltage regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the ground.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the primary power conversion module 200 or the secondary power conversion module 300 includes a fuse F1, a resistor R7, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transformer T2, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, and a diode D10, one end of the fuse F10 is connected to the ac power source, the other end of the fuse F10 is connected to the input terminal of the transformer T10, the resistor R10 and the capacitor C10 are connected in parallel, one ends of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C10 are respectively connected to the common connection point between the fuse F10 and the transformer T10, the cathode of the diode D10 is connected to the anode of the diode D10, the cathode of the diode D10 is connected to the cathode of the diode D10, and the output terminal of the transformer T10 is connected to the output terminal of the diode D10, and the common connection point of the diode D10, and the capacitor C10, respectively, The capacitor C6 is connected in parallel, and one end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the cathode of the diode D9.
In one embodiment, the resistor R7 is a voltage dependent resistor.
The relay K1 and the relay K2 are normally closed relays, when no current flows between pins 1 and 6 of the relay K1 or the relay K2, the relay K1 or the relay K2 does not work, the pins 4 and 5 are closed, and the pins 2 and 3 are closed; when the current flows between pins 1 and 6 of the relay K1 or the relay K2, the relay K1 or the relay K2 works, pins 4 and 5 are disconnected, and pins 2 and 3 are disconnected. The main power conversion module 200 and the secondary power conversion module 300 are two AC/DC voltage converters, which convert AC power into DC power, U1 is the main power conversion module, U2 is the secondary power conversion module, and the output DC power supplies power to the system rear end load.
When the system is connected with a strong current N, L, the relay K1 and the relay K2 are normally closed relays, so that the N1, the L1, the N2 and the L2 are connected simultaneously; at this time, due to the existence of the main power conversion module U1 and the sub power conversion module U2, VO1 and VO2 are obtained at the same time. When the VO2 is accessed, the triode Q1 is in a conducting state, and the triode Q2 is in a stopping state; because of the existence of the resistance voltage division circuit formed by the resistance R6 and the resistance R4, the potential of the three points D, E, F is a set specific value, and at the moment, U is arrangedCE（UCE=UC-UE) The positive bias condition of the emitter junction of the triode is met, so the triode Q1 is switched on, and the triode Q2 is switched off; at this time, the VO2 can only pass through the branch composed of the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1, and due to the characteristics of the capacitor C1 (the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor cannot change suddenly), the initial potentials of the point a and the point G are equal, and the diode D2 is cut off; with the charging of VO2 to C1, the potential of G point gradually drops to UCEThe positive bias condition of the emitting junction of the triode Q1 cannot be met, so the triode Q1 is cut off; at this time, U is at this timeBDThe positive bias condition of the emitting junction of the triode Q2 is met, the Q2 is conducted, and the relay K1 works. Due to the charging time of the capacitor C1, the relay K2 works first, so that the N2 and the L2 are turned off, the VO2 is turned off, and only the main power supply conversion module U1 in the system is guaranteed to work normally.
When the main power supply conversion module U1 breaks down, VO1 is zero, the relay K2 does not work, the pins 4 and 5 are closed, and the pins 2 and 3 are closed; and N2 and L2 are connected, and VO2 outputs, and only the auxiliary power supply conversion module U2 in the system works normally at the moment. When the main power supply conversion module U1 recovers power supply, the VO1 is connected, the relay K2 works, the pins 4 and 5 are disconnected, and the pins 2 and 3 are disconnected; n2 and L2 are turned off, VO2 is zero, and the normal operation of the main power supply conversion module U1 is recovered in the system.
Thus, the automatic switching circuit of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is arranged by matching the relay K1, the relay K2, the delay control module 100, the main power supply conversion module 200 and the auxiliary power supply conversion module 300, 2 normally closed relays of the relay K1 and the relay K2 are arranged, the delay control module 100 is composed of two NPN switch diode circuits, a resistance voltage dividing circuit and an RC delay circuit, the delay control module 100 realizes that the relay K2 works earlier than the relay K1, so that only the main power supply conversion module 200 in the system is ensured to work normally, the auxiliary power supply conversion module 300 works automatically after the main power supply conversion module 200 fails, and the auxiliary power supply conversion module stops working after the main power supply conversion module recovers power supply, so that the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is realized, and the circuit has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high safety and can be applied to the field of industrial control strong electricity.
Further, in order to effectively protect the relay K2, the delay control module 100 further includes a diode D1, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
Thus, the arrangement of the diode D1 prevents the current recoil of the delay control module from damaging the relay K2.
Further, the main power conversion module 200 and the sub power conversion module 300 both adopt the same circuit design, and adopt different circuit designs according to different output requirements;
example 1: when 24V direct current is required to be output; the main power supply conversion module 200 and the auxiliary power supply conversion module 300 comprise a step-down transformer T1, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6 and a voltage stabilizer U1, wherein the anode of the diode D3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with the cathode of the diode D5, the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the cathode of the diode D6, the output end of the step-down transformer T1 is respectively connected with a common connection point among the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5 and the diode D6, the input end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D6, and the output end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected with a load.
T1 is a step-down transformer, which functions to step down the voltage of the alternating current. Diodes D3-D6 are four 1N4007 rectifier diodes, and convert alternating current into direct current through the four rectifier diodes, and voltage regulator U1 is a three-terminal voltage regulator and outputs 24V direct current. Through the circuit design mode, 24V direct current can be output, and the requirement of a load is met.
Further, the capacitor C2 is a filter capacitor, and functions to smooth the dc power output from the four rectifier diodes more quickly.
Further, the capacitor C3 is a filter capacitor for filtering out high frequency noise output by the regulator U1.
Example 2: when 12V direct current is required to be output; the main power conversion module or the auxiliary power conversion module comprises a fuse F1, a resistor R7, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transformer T2, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9 and a diode D10, one end of a fuse F1 is connected with an alternating current power supply, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected with an input end of a transformer T2, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, one ends of a resistor R7 and a capacitor C4 are respectively connected with a common connection point between the fuse F1 and the transformer T2, the cathode of a diode D7 is connected with the anode of a diode D8, the cathode of a diode D8 is connected with the cathode of a diode D10, the cathode of a diode D9 is connected with the anode of a diode D10, the output end of a transformer T2 is respectively connected with a common connection point between a diode D7 and a diode D8, a diode D9 and a diode D10, a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are connected in parallel, and one ends of a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are connected with the cathode of a diode D9.
J1 is 220V input port, F1 is a fuse, C4 is a safety capacitor, and the specification is 275V/0.1 uF.
The safety capacitor is different from a common capacitor in that after the common capacitor is powered off, the charge can be retained for a period of time, and the safety capacitor cannot be used, so that the safety capacitor can effectively protect a circuit from being shocked after the circuit is powered off. The resistor R7 is a voltage dependent resistor for protecting the circuit, and the voltage dependent resistor R7 clamps the voltage under overvoltage condition of the circuit, and the voltage does not exceed the allowable threshold of the voltage dependent resistor R7. T2 is a transformer, diode D7 to diode D10 rectify the diodes, after transformer T2 reduces the AC voltage proportionally, diode D7 to diode D10 rectify it into DC, then output 12V voltage by the output end, meet the demand of load.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a main and auxiliary power automatic switching circuit which characterized in that: including relay K1, relay K2, time delay control module, main power source conversion module and vice power source conversion module, relay K1's signal output part is connected with main power source conversion module's signal input part, main power source conversion module's signal output part is connected with relay K2's control end, relay K2's signal output part is connected with vice power source conversion module's signal input part, vice power source conversion module's signal output part is connected with time delay control module's power control end, time delay control module's signal output part and relay K1's control end are connected.
2. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 1, wherein: the delay control module comprises a triode Q1, a triode Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a diode D2 and a capacitor C1, wherein a collector of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with a base of the triode Q2 and one end of the resistor R3, a base of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and an anode of the diode D2, one end of the resistor R6 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1.
3. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 2, wherein: the delay control module further comprises a diode D1, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the collector of the transistor Q2.
4. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 2, wherein: the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 are NPN type triodes.
5. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 1, wherein: the relay K1 and the relay K2 are normally closed relays.
6. The automatic switching circuit for the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply of claim 1, wherein: the main power supply conversion module or the auxiliary power supply conversion module comprises a step-down transformer T1, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6 and a voltage stabilizer U1, wherein the anode of the diode D3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with the cathode of the diode D5, the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the cathode of the diode D6, the output end of the step-down transformer T1 is respectively connected with a common connection point among the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5 and the diode D6, the input end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D6, and the output end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected with a load.
7. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 6, wherein: the main power supply conversion module or the auxiliary power supply conversion module further comprises a capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the signal input end of the voltage stabilizer U1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the ground electrode.
8. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 6, wherein: the main power supply conversion module or the auxiliary power supply conversion module further comprises a capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the signal output end of the voltage stabilizer U1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the ground electrode.
9. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 1, wherein: the main power conversion module or the auxiliary power conversion module comprises a fuse F1, a resistor R7, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transformer T2, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9 and a diode D10, one end of a fuse F1 is connected with an alternating current power supply, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected with the input end of a transformer T2, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, one ends of a resistor R7 and a capacitor C4 are respectively connected with a common connection point between the fuse F1 and the transformer T2, the cathode of a diode D7 is connected with the anode of a diode D8, the cathode of a diode D8 is connected with the cathode of a diode D10, the cathode of a diode D9 is connected with the anode of a diode D10, the output end of a transformer T2 is respectively connected with a common connection point between a diode D7 and a diode D8, a diode D9 and a diode D10, a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are connected in parallel, and one ends of a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are connected with the cathode of a diode D9.
10. The automatic switching circuit of main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 9, wherein: the resistor R7 is a voltage dependent resistor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123286180.9U CN216699609U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123286180.9U CN216699609U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit |
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| CN216699609U true CN216699609U (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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