CN216688028U

CN216688028U - Compound fixed bed gasifier

Info

Publication number: CN216688028U
Application number: CN202220417895.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董鑫; 廉珂; 李亚; 唐敏
Original assignee: Shaanxi Distributed Energy R & D Center Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Distributed Energy R & D Center Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-28
Filing date: 2022-02-28
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-28

Abstract

A composite fixed bed gasification furnace comprises: feeding storehouse, first furnace body, second furnace body, side push-and-pull row sediment device, wherein first furnace body cross section is big than second furnace body cross section, adopt blanking pipe intercommunication between feeding storehouse and the second furnace body, the sediment device is arranged in the side push-and-pull includes: casing, water-cooling grate, push away the sediment orifice plate and pushing away the sediment in-process, the mesh that the gasification wind can follow on it gets into in the gasifier for gasification reaction is more stable even, and the gasification wind that gets into simultaneously can suitably reduce the operating temperature who pushes away the sediment board, ensures to push away the sediment board and can not appear burning loss or produce the deformation because of high temperature, improves the life who pushes away the sediment orifice plate. The composite fixed bed gasification furnace is combined with the first gasification furnace and the second gasification furnace, so that the height of the gasification furnace is reduced, the operation, maintenance and repair are convenient, biomass fuel is uniformly distributed in a hearth through the feeding bin and the blanking pipe, the height uniformity of a material layer in the hearth is ensured, the uniform gasification reaction is ensured, and the stable gas production is realized.

Description

Compound fixed bed gasifier

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The utility model belongs to the field of biomass gasification equipment, relates to a gasification furnace, and particularly relates to a composite fixed bed gasification furnace.

[ background of the utility model ]

The biomass gasification furnace type includes: fixed bed, fluidized bed, entrained flow bed. The fixed bed is divided into an updraft fixed bed and a downdraft fixed bed, wherein the updraft fixed bed has the advantages of simple structure, low investment cost, suitability for biomass with higher water content, lower ash content of biomass fuel gas, higher thermal efficiency of the gasification furnace and the like, and is a furnace type which is very popular in the market.

The updraft type fixed bed has a vertical type and a horizontal type, wherein the main body of the vertical type gasification furnace is a cylinder, the diameter of the main body is between 1 and 3m, and the overall height is higher and is generally higher than 15 m; and the horizontal gasification furnace has larger cross-sectional area and lower height. The sectional area of the vertical gasification furnace is circular, the sectional area is relatively small, the biomass material is easily distributed on the whole section of the gasification furnace, the material storage height of the biomass material layer is high, and the gasification reaction is more uniform. However, because the overall height of the gasifier is high, the gasifier needs to be independently built with a frame structure to realize furnace body support, operation and maintenance, maintenance and the like. The horizontal gasification furnace has relatively large cross-sectional area, can realize large biomass material storage amount under the condition that the overall height of the furnace body is low, has low overall height, and adopts a side push-pull type deslagging structure, so that the deslagging structure is simple and reliable. However, due to the large cross-sectional area, the biomass material is difficult to be paved in the whole hearth, so that the material layers in the hearth are different in height, and the gasification reaction is uneven and unstable. Therefore, there is a high necessity for a fixed bed gasification furnace which can solve the above problems.

[ Utility model ] content

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite fixed bed gasification furnace, which combines a first gasification furnace and a second gasification furnace to reduce the height of the gasification furnace, so that the gasification furnace is convenient for operation, maintenance and repair, and simultaneously, biomass fuel can be uniformly distributed in a hearth through a feeding bin and a blanking pipe, so as to ensure uniform height of a material layer in the hearth, thereby ensuring uniform gasification reaction and stable gas production.

The utility model provides a composite fixed bed gasification furnace, which comprises:

the biomass fuel gas gasification furnace comprises a first furnace body, a feeding bin, a pneumatic sealing hinge, a gas output pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein the feeding bin is arranged above the first furnace body, the top of the feeding bin is transversely provided with a pneumatic gate valve, the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with the pneumatic sealing hinge, and the pneumatic sealing hinge and the pneumatic gate valve are alternately opened and closed, so that the leakage of biomass fuel gas generated in the gasification furnace can be reduced;

the biomass gasification furnace comprises a first furnace body, a second furnace body, a feeding bin, a water cooling jacket, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the cross section of the second furnace body is larger than that of the first furnace body, the top of the second furnace body is communicated with the feeding bin through the two blanking pipes, biomass fuel in the feeding bin can be conveyed to the corner position of the second furnace body through the blanking pipes, so that the biomass fuel is distributed on the whole second furnace body, continuous and stable gasification reaction is ensured, the side wall of the second furnace body is provided with the water cooling jacket, one end of the water cooling jacket is provided with the water inlet pipe, the other end of the water cooling jacket is provided with the water outlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with an external water source;

side push-and-pull row sediment device, it includes: the slag pushing sieve plate is used for pushing ash slag cooled by the water cooling jacket out of the furnace body, and has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and the like, in order to further cool the ash slag, the ash slag completely converted by reaction falls on the water cooling grate, the water cooling grate cools the ash slag again, the cooled ash slag is accumulated to a certain thickness, the slag pushing sieve plate pushes the ash slag out for recycling, a plurality of sieve pores with the pore diameter of 20-50mm are uniformly arranged on the slag pushing sieve plate, and when the slag pushing sieve plate pushes the ash slag, gasification wind can enter the gasification furnace along the sieve pores on the slag pushing sieve plate, so that the gasification reaction is more stable and uniform, and meanwhile, the working temperature of the slag pushing plate can be properly reduced by the entering gasification wind, the slag pushing plate is ensured not to be burnt or deformed due to high temperature, and the service life of the slag pushing sieve plate is prolonged.

Particularly, the cross section of the first furnace body is circular, the second furnace body is a cuboid, and the two blanking pipes are distributed on two sides of the second furnace body in the length direction.

Particularly, the side wall of the first furnace body is provided with a first charge level indicator and a first thermometer in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the position opposite to the side wall of the second furnace body is respectively provided with a second charge level indicator and a second thermometer from top to bottom; so design, through first charge level indicator, first thermometer, charge level and temperature in can the first furnace body of real-time supervision to better control and regulation biomass fuel's entering volume, through second charge level indicator and second thermometer, can implement the charge level and the temperature that detect in the second furnace body, thereby ensure that biomass fuel can be better be covered with whole second furnace body, ensure that gasification reaction is more continuous stable.

It is unusual, the feeding storehouse is for leaking hopper-shaped, and its osculum end and first furnace body intercommunication, the oblique lateral wall in feeding storehouse is located to the blanking pipe tip, so the design can make biomass fuel under the effect of self gravity, get into in the furnace body smoothly, can make the biomass fuel who is located the lateral wall side through the blanking pipe simultaneously, and more rapid entering second furnace body avoids piling up of biomass fuel, and causes and can't get into the furnace body smoothly.

Particularly, one side of the blanking pipe, which is close to the second furnace body, is provided with a pneumatic star-shaped valve, so that when the blanking pipe is not fed, the pneumatic star-shaped valve is closed, partial gas can be prevented from being leaked along the blanking pipe, and the production environment is ensured to be safer while the gas yield is improved.

Particularly, most of ash is stored below the second furnace body, so the water cooling jacket is arranged below the second furnace body, and the height of the water cooling jacket is 1/3-1/2 of the height of the second furnace body, so that the temperature of the discharged ash can be further reduced, the partial recovery of the temperature of the ash is realized, and the heat energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Particularly, one side of the slag pushing sieve plate, which faces the first furnace body, is sprayed with a high-temperature-resistant material, and the thickness of the slag pushing sieve plate is 50-100mm, so that the high-temperature resistance of the slag pushing sieve plate can be improved, and the slag pushing sieve plate is prevented from being deformed or burnt and the like under high-temperature work.

Compared with the prior art, the composite fixed bed gasification furnace provided by the utility model has the advantages that the first furnace body is a cylindrical furnace body, the second furnace body is a rectangular furnace body, and after the first furnace body and the second furnace body are combined, biomass fuel can be better distributed in the whole furnace body, the material storage height of the biomass fuel is improved, the continuity and stability of gasification reaction can be better facilitated, and in addition, the height can be controlled within the range of convenient operation, maintenance and overhaul after the combination; the biomass fuel is accurately conveyed to the corner position of the second furnace body at the lower part through the blanking pipe, the uniformity of a biomass material layer in the second furnace body is ensured, and the continuity and the stability of gasification reaction are further ensured; meanwhile, a side push-pull type slag discharging structure is adopted, so that slag discharging of the fixed bed gasification furnace is facilitated; the slag pushing sieve plate is set into the sieve hole type, uninterrupted air inlet is realized in the pushing and pulling process of the slag pushing plate, the continuity and stability of the reaction of the gasification furnace are more facilitated, the slag pushing sieve plate is contacted with the surface of a high-temperature material and is subjected to spraying treatment, so that the slag pushing sieve plate has better temperature resistance, is not easy to deform or burn, and prolongs the service life of the gasification furnace.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a perforated plate in a composite fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second furnace body in the composite fixed bed gasification furnace of the present invention.

In the attached drawing, 1 a first furnace body, 2 a feeding bin, 3 a pneumatic gate valve, 4 pneumatic sealing hinges, 5 a fuel gas output pipe, 6 a second furnace body, 7 a blanking pipe, 8 a water-cooling jacket, 9 a water inlet pipe, 10 a water outlet pipe, 11 a side pushing and pulling slag discharging device, 12 a water-cooling grate, 13 a slag pushing sieve plate, 14 sieve holes, 15 a first material level meter, 16 a first thermometer, 17 a second material level meter, 18 a second thermometer and 19 a pneumatic star valve.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a composite type fixed bed gasification furnace, including: the first furnace body 1, the second furnace body 6 and the side push-pull slag discharging device 11 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Wherein 1 top in the first furnace body is equipped with feeding storehouse 2, and feeding storehouse 2 top is equipped with pneumatic push-pull valve 3, the bottom is equipped with pneumatic sealed hinge 4, for reducing the revealing of biomass fuel in the gasifier, the switch that staggers of pneumatic push-pull valve 3 and pneumatic sealed hinge 4 so also can reduce the air that gets into in the gasifier. In order to ensure that the corners of the second furnace body 6 are quickly covered with the biomass fuel, two blanking pipes 7 are arranged between the corners of the second furnace body 6 and the feeding bin 2, and the biomass fuel can enter the corners of the second furnace body through the blanking pipes, so that the biomass fuel is ensured to be covered in the whole furnace body, and the gasification reaction is convenient to continuously and stably enter. In order to prevent the biomass fuel gas generated in the second furnace body 6 from leaking along the blanking pipe 7, a pneumatic star-shaped valve 19 is arranged on one side of the blanking pipe 7 close to the second furnace body 7, when feeding is needed, the pneumatic star-shaped valve 19 is opened, and after the feeding is finished, the pneumatic star-shaped valve 19 is closed.

Through the feeding mode, the phenomena that the second furnace body 6 is burnt through due to the fact that no biomass fuel or less biomass fuel exists at the corners of the second furnace body can be prevented, and the service life of the gasification furnace is prolonged. In order to further control and adjust the material level and the temperature in the gasification furnace, the wall body of the first furnace body 1 is provided with a first material level meter 15 and a first thermometer 16 in a staggered manner from top to bottom, the wall body of the second furnace body 6 is provided with a second material level meter 17 and a second thermometer 18, and the material level and the temperature in the gasification furnace can be adjusted and controlled through the arrangement, so that the gasification reaction is ensured to be more uniform and stable.

The biomass fuel that gets into the furnace body under the effect of gasification agent, turns into biomass gas and lime-ash, and the biomass gas that wherein produces is discharged through the gas output tube 5 that first furnace body 1 top set up, and whole journey can not cause and reveal, guarantees the safety of production environment when guaranteeing the gas production rate. The ash falls on the water-cooled grate 12 of the second furnace body and is pushed out of the furnace body under the action of the side pushing and pulling slag discharging device 11.

In the utility model, because the ash generated after the gasification reaction has certain high temperature, the ash needs to be cooled for the convenience of recycling the ash, so a water cooling jacket 8 is arranged below the first furnace body 6, the temperature of the ash can be reduced through the water cooling jacket 8, and the heat recovery of the ash is realized. When the temperature of the ash slag is reduced, the water-cooling grate 12, the slag pushing sieve plate 13 and the working temperature are reduced, so that the service life of the gasification furnace is indirectly prolonged.

In order to avoid the slag pushing sieve plate 13 from deforming or burning due to the temperature of ash slag, so that the slag is not smoothly discharged, the slag pushing sieve plate 13 has a certain thickness of 50-100mm, and is uniformly provided with a plurality of sieve holes 14 with the aperture of 20-50mm, when the slag pushing sieve plate 13 is pushed and pulled on the water-cooling grate 12, the gasification air can enter the furnace body along the sieve holes 14, so that the phenomenon of weakening or interruption of the gasification reaction is avoided, and the gasification reaction is favorably carried out. In order to further improve the high temperature resistance of the slag pushing sieve plate 13, the surface of the slag pushing sieve plate is sprayed with a high temperature resistant material, so that the high temperature resistance of the slag pushing sieve plate can be improved, and the service life of the slag pushing sieve plate can be prolonged.

Working process or working principle:

in the early stage of work, the crushed biomass wood chips are conveyed to the upper part of the feeding bin 2 through the conveying belt. At the moment, the pneumatic gate valve 3 is opened, the biomass fuel enters the feeding bin 2 until the feeding bin 2 is fully distributed, the pneumatic gate valve 3 is closed, the conveying belt stops conveying the biomass fuel, meanwhile, the pneumatic sealing hinge 4 and the pneumatic star-shaped valve 19 are opened, the biomass fuel enters the first furnace body 1 along the opening of the pneumatic sealing hinge 4 and enters the central area of the second furnace body 6 and the first furnace body 1, meanwhile, the biomass fuel enters the corner position of the second furnace body 6 along the blanking pipe 7, when the material in the feeding bin 2 completely falls to the furnace body, the pneumatic sealing hinge 4 and the pneumatic star-shaped valve 19 are closed, the pneumatic gate valve 3 is opened, the conveying belt continues to convey the biomass fuel to the feeding bin 2, the operation is repeated until the feeding is fully distributed, and ignition can be realized after the feeding is stopped. And then the biomass fuel and the gasifying agent are subjected to gasification reaction in the furnace body, the generated biomass fuel gas is discharged along a fuel gas output pipe 5, the generated ash slag is cooled by a water-cooling jacket 8 and then falls onto a water-cooling grate 12, when the ash slag is accumulated to a certain thickness, a side push-pull slag discharging device 11 is started, and at the moment, a slag pushing sieve plate 13 pushes the ash slag out of the furnace body for recovery processing. After the slag pushing is finished, the slag pushing sieve plate 14 returns to the original position to wait for the next slag pushing operation.

Claims

1. A composite fixed bed gasification furnace is characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a first furnace body (1), wherein a feeding bin (2) is arranged above the first furnace body, a pneumatic gate valve (3) is transversely arranged at the top of the feeding bin (2), a pneumatic sealing hinge (4) is arranged at the bottom of the feeding bin (2), the pneumatic sealing hinge (4) and the pneumatic gate valve (3) are alternately switched on and off, and a fuel gas output pipe (5) is arranged at the top of the first furnace body (1);

the cross section of the second furnace body (6) arranged below the first furnace body (1) is larger than that of the first furnace body (1), the top of the second furnace body (6) is communicated with the feeding bin (2) through two blanking pipes (7), a water-cooling jacket (8) is arranged on the side wall of the second furnace body (6), one end of the water-cooling jacket (8) is provided with a water inlet pipe (9), and the other end of the water-cooling jacket (8) is provided with a water outlet pipe (10);

side push-and-pull row sediment device, it includes: the slag pushing and screening device comprises a shell (11) arranged below the second furnace body, a water-cooling grate (12) arranged in the shell (11), a slag pushing and screening plate (13) arranged on the water-cooling grate (12), and a control system used for controlling the movement of the slag pushing and screening plate (13), wherein a plurality of screening holes (14) with the aperture of 20-50mm are uniformly formed in the slag pushing and screening plate (13).

2. A composite fixed-bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the first furnace body (1) is circular, the second furnace body (6) is rectangular, and the two blanking pipes (7) are distributed on two sides of the second furnace body (6) in the length direction.

3. A composite fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the first furnace body (1) is provided with a first level indicator (15) and a first thermometer (16) from top to bottom in a staggered manner, and the side wall of the second furnace body (6) is provided with a second level indicator (17) and a second thermometer (18) from top to bottom in a face-to-face position.

4. A composite fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the feeding bin (2) is funnel-shaped, the small opening end of the feeding bin is communicated with the first furnace body (1), and the end part of the blanking pipe (7) is arranged on the inclined side wall of the feeding bin (2).

5. A composite fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, wherein a pneumatic star valve (19) is provided on the side of the blanking pipe (7) adjacent to the second furnace body (6).

6. A composite fixed-bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooling jacket (8) is provided below the side wall of the second furnace body (6) and has a height of 1/3-1/2 of the height of the second furnace body (6).

7. A composite fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the slag pushing sieve plate (13) is sprayed with a high temperature resistant material on the side facing the first furnace body (1), and the thickness of the slag pushing sieve plate (13) is 50-100 mm.