CN101995837B - Automatic biomass gas feeding and diffusing control method and biomass gasification reaction system - Google Patents
Automatic biomass gas feeding and diffusing control method and biomass gasification reaction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101995837B CN101995837B CN2010105282025A CN201010528202A CN101995837B CN 101995837 B CN101995837 B CN 101995837B CN 2010105282025 A CN2010105282025 A CN 2010105282025A CN 201010528202 A CN201010528202 A CN 201010528202A CN 101995837 B CN101995837 B CN 101995837B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic biomass gas feeding and diffusing control method, which comprises the following steps of: (1) feeding materials in front of a bin, namely arranging an upper level gage and a middle level gage in a buffer bin, opening a valve at a discharge hole at the bottom of the bin and starting a feeding device simultaneously when material level in the buffer bin is reduced to the height of the middle level gage, and closing the valve at the discharge hole at the bottom of the bin and stopping the feeding device simultaneously when the material level in the buffer bin reaches the height of a high level gage; (2) conveying the materials in the bin, namely arranging an upper level gage and a lower level gage in a work bin, opening a valve at a discharge hole at the bottom of the buffer bin when material level in the work bin is reduced to the height of the lower level gage, and closing the valve at the discharge hole at the bottom of the buffer bin when the material level in the work bin reaches the height of the high level gage; (3) feeding the materials in front of a furnace, namely arranging a furnace temperature sensor and a furnace pressure sensor in a fluidized bed gasification reactor and controlling the feeding frequency of a furnace front feeding device according to the measured furnace temperature and furnace pressure; and (4) diffusing, namely arranging a flame detector in a diffusing device, and automatically igniting by an ignition device when the flame of the diffusing device is extinct.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biogas feed and diffuse autocontrol method, and the biomass gasification reaction system that uses this control method.
Background technology
The history in existing more than 100 year of living beings gasification.Initial gasification reactor results from 1883, and it is a raw material with the charcoal, the gas driven internal combustion engine after the gasification.During World War II, Germany has greatly developed the vehicle-mounted gasifier that is used for motor vehicles for civilian use, and has formed the complete skill with matching with automobile engine.The main fixed bed gasification reactor that adopts of living beings gasification at that time, its technical merit has reached quite perfect degree.
The living beings gasification is meant after the biomass material processed, sends in the gasification furnace, under the condition of anoxic, carries out gasification cracking, obtains inflammable gas, thereby also will obtain the product gas of high-quality to output gas through the row purified treatment according to application need sometimes.
Living beings gasification principle is under certain thermodynamic condition; Effect by means of gasifying medium such as air, oxygen or water vapor etc.; Make superpolymer generation pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction, the reforming reaction of living beings; Further thermal cracking of the tar of pyrolysis association or catalytic cracking become the micromolecule hydrocarbon, obtain inflammable gass such as CO, H2 and CH4.Living beings gasifications mainly comprises gasification reaction, synthetic gas catalytic shift and gas isolation of purified process (directly use without isolation of purified).With the air is that gasifying medium is an example, and living beings gasification chemical reaction general formula can be expressed as:
CH
1.4O
0.6+0.4O
2+1.5N
2＝0.7CO+0.3CO
2+0.6H
2+0.1H
2O+(1.5N
2)
Generally speaking, living beings are made up of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, inert ash etc., and oxygen level and fugitive constituent are high, and the reactivity of coke is strong, so living beings and coal facies ratio, has higher gasification reactivity, are more suitable for gasification.
From the angle of the gasification furnace that adopted, biomass gasification technology can be divided into two big types, and one type is the fixed-bed gasification furnace technology, and one type is the fluidized-bed gasification furnace technology.Wherein, fixed-bed gasification furnace can be divided into updraft type fixed-bed gasification furnace, downdraft fixed-bed gasification furnace, horizontal draft fixed-bed gasification furnace and happy formula fixed-bed gasification furnace etc. again; Fluidized-bed gasification furnace can be divided into fluidized-bed gasification furnace, double-fluidized-bed gasification furnace and circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace etc. again.
No matter adopt which kind of gasification furnace, its purpose all is to carry out biomass gasification reaction, and then produces combustion gas.Except gasification reaction itself, feed is an auxiliary link important in the biomass gasification reaction with diffusing.Biomass material in the gasification furnace increases, and has more biomass material and participates in burning, and then improve furnace temperature and furnace pressure.Gas pipeline communicates with gasification furnace, if gas pipeline is a low pressure with respect to gasification furnace, the combustion gas that gasification furnace produces just can successfully be led to gas pipeline, and then reduces the pressure in the gasification furnace.Thereby feed with diffuse with gasification furnace in pressure dependence close, and carrying out smoothly of pressure and gasification reaction in the gasification furnace is in close relations.Controlled well feed with diffuse, just can produce better.Yet prior biological matter gasification reaction equipment is not to feed and the automatic control of diffusing.
Except the problems referred to above, also there is following problem in present employed gasification furnace:
(1) the gasification furnace gasification efficiency is low.Biomass material can not be gasified well, and capacity usage ratio is low, and energy dissipation is more serious, is prone to make gasification furnace dust stratification and slagging scorification more;
(2) combustion gas thermal value is on the low side.Lower thermal value not only causes the gas storage cost to raise, and causes the each household gas consumption to raise, and has increased user's expenditure, has limited the enthusiasm of user's usefulness gas;
(3) impurity content is high.Tar and dust deposit are serious, and central gas supply system can not carry out the long-term safety operation.Not only influenced the continuity of producing, and caused in the factory building and scurry on the flame, pipeline forms negative pressure back draft;
(4) secondary pollution problem.Top, market biomass gasifying machine group adopts the wet purification technology, discharges washed chilled water to the external world so inevitably, causes containing in the chilled water multiple harmful substances, like phenol, ammonia etc.They constitute harm to animal and plant growth and safety, thereby cause secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention provides a kind of biogas feed and diffuses autocontrol method, controls to be implemented in the biomass gasification reaction process feed diffused automatically; Another object of the present invention provides a kind of biomass gasification reaction system that uses above-mentioned control system; When diffusing automatic control to reach the realization feed; Improve gasification efficiency and combustion gas thermal value, reduce the generation of impurity such as tar and dust, reduce secondary pollution.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of biogas feed and diffuse autocontrol method, be used to control all one's life gasification substance reactive system so that make the biomass material complete reaction in it, and diffuse unnecessary combustion gas; This biomass gasification system comprises fluidized bed gasification reactor, stokehold storage device, stokehold pay-off, feed bin and pay-off, bleeding device; The stokehold storage device comprises surge bunker and working bin, and surge bunker and working bin comprise charging aperture and discharging opening respectively, and the charging aperture of working bin engages with the discharging opening of surge bunker; The stokehold pay-off will be sent into the charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor from the raw material of working bin discharging opening; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin is equipped with valve; Feed bin comprises top fed mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and the bottom discharge mouth of feed bin is provided with valve.Autocontrol method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) the feeding stage before the storehouse is provided with level-sensing device and middle level-sensing device in surge bunker, when the material level in the surge bunker drops to the height of middle level-sensing device, and the valve open of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off starts simultaneously; When the material level in the surge bunker reaches the height of level-sensing device, the valve closing of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off stops simultaneously;
(2) the material transfer stage in the storehouse is provided with level-sensing device and following level-sensing device in working bin, when the material level in the working bin drops to down the height of level-sensing device, and the valve open of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth; When the material level in the working bin reaches the height of level-sensing device, the valve closing of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth;
(3) the stokehold feeding stage is provided with furnace temperature sensor and furnace pressure sensor in fluidized bed gasification reactor, according to the feeding frequency of furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure control stokehold pay-off;
(4) diffuse the stage, flame detector is set in bleeding device, when the fray-out of flame of bleeding device, portfire is lighted a fire automatically.
Have biomass material such as biological particles shape raw material in the surge bunker, during work, biological particles temporary in the surge bunker is introduced into working bin, falls into the stokehold pay-off through working bin.This design can prevent that the reacting gas of heat in reactive system such as the fluidized bed gasification reactor from being leaked by working bin.Because reacting gas comprises inflammable, explosive compositions such as CO, H2 and CH4, what it leaked is dangerous self-evident.The valve at the bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin can be rotary valve, ball valve, cylinder valve etc.; And these valves play a kind of effect of air-lock device; For example; When working bin in fluidized bed gasification reactor during feed, then the valve of working bin is in open mode, and the valve of surge bunker is in closure state; And when surge bunker when working bin is reinforced, then the valve of working bin is in closed condition, and the valve of surge bunker is in open mode.Such design can solve well and prevent the problem that reacting gas leaks when in reactive system, feeding in raw material.Further, surge bunker can be a plurality of, for example, a plurality of parallel surge bunkers can be arranged, and each all directly links to each other with working bin, but its valve opens successively, and such design can adapt to the reactive system of continuous feed; Perhaps, a plurality of surge bunkers are to be connected in series, and wherein, have only a surge bunker near working bin directly to be connected with working bin, and such design is a kind of multistage air-lock device, further reduces the possibility that reacting gas leaks; Certainly, the design proposal of a plurality of surge bunkers also can be both to have comprised parallel connection, also comprises being connected in series.
Above-mentioned principle according to furnace temperature furnace pressure control feeding frequency is specially: when the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are lower than fiducial value, improve the feeding frequency of said stokehold pay-off; When the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are higher than fiducial value, reduce the feeding frequency of said stokehold pay-off.
Lack material for fear of gasification reaction, level-sensing device down is set in surge bunker, when the material level in the surge bunker drops to down the height of level-sensing device, report to the police.
In addition, monitor the flame combustion situation of bleeding device in real time, camera can be installed on bleeding device, take the image of bleeding device flame combustion, and the image of taking is sent to the display screen of control rack through camera in order to make the staff.
On the other hand; In order to realize the object of the invention; The present invention also provides a kind of biomass gasification reaction system that uses above-mentioned biogas bleeding device, and this biomass gasification system comprises fluidized bed gasification reactor, stokehold storage device, stokehold pay-off, feed bin and pay-off, bleeding device; The stokehold storage device comprises surge bunker and working bin, and surge bunker and working bin comprise charging aperture and discharging opening respectively, and the charging aperture of working bin engages with the discharging opening of surge bunker; The stokehold pay-off will be sent into the charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor from the raw material of working bin discharging opening; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin is equipped with valve; Feed bin comprises top fed mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and the bottom discharge mouth of feed bin is provided with valve; Pay-off comprises horizontal conveying belt and hoister; Horizontal conveying belt is positioned at the bottom discharge mouth below of feed bin, and the initiating terminal of hoister engages with the horizontal feed end of tape, and the end of hoister is positioned at the top fed mouth top of surge bunker; Biological particles shape raw material gets into feed bin from the charging aperture at feed bin top; Fall on the horizontal conveying belt from the discharging opening of feed bin bottom, go to hoister by horizontal conveying belt again, feed in raw material by final completion of hoister to surge bunker; Bleeding device comprises portfire.
Further, biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system also comprises the above tripping device of two-stage that is arranged at outside the fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the above tripping device of this two-stage comprises first tripping device and second tripping device at least.
Preferably, fluidized bed gasification reactor comprises first charging aperture and second charging aperture that is arranged at the zone, center, the gasifying medium inlet that is arranged at its bottom and discarded object outlet and the material outlet that is arranged at its upper area; Wherein, first charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with the biomass material feed system, and the gasifying medium inlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with the gasifying medium feed system;
First tripping device comprises the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area, the loop exit that is arranged at the regional material outlet in center and is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, the material inlet of first tripping device engages with the material outlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the loop exit of first tripping device engages with second charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor through first transport; And
Second tripping device comprises gas outlet, the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area that is arranged at its top, the loop exit that is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, the material inlet of second tripping device engages with the material outlet of first tripping device, and the loop exit of second tripping device engages with second charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor through second transport and first transport.
The gas outlet at the second tripping device top connects gas pipeline.
In biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system; Biomass material such as granular biomass material react at fluidized bed gasification reactor and gasifying medium; Complicated serial reaction such as pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction, reformation takes place in the polymkeric substance of living beings such as cellulose etc., obtains CO, H
2And CH
4Deng combustion gas, wherein, further thermal cracking of the tar of pyrolysis association or catalytic cracking become the micromolecule hydrocarbon.
Fluidized bed gasification reactor can be a gasification furnace, for example can be the gasification tower of tower shape; Gasifying medium can air; It also can be the gasifying medium that in air, has added other composition; Or each composition in the air carried out the gasifying medium regulated, for example, according to different biomass materials, occasion and purpose; Can suitably increase or reduce the content of oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, with the composition of control conversion ratio, productive rate and product such as combustion gas.
In biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system; The gasifying medium feed system can comprise that wind send device; Like fan blower, wind send device to enter the mouth through the gasifying medium that pipeline is connected in the fluidized bed gasification reactor bottom, and the bottom of gasifying medium from fluidized bed gasification reactor is blown into.
In biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system; May further include heat-exchange device; Wherein, from the combustion gas of the second tripping device gas outlet with from the gasifying medium of gasifying medium feed system this heat-exchange device of flowing through, and heat interchange takes place; Gasifying medium is by preheating, and combustion gas is cooled; Afterwards, then via the gasifying medium inlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor, sent into fluidized bed gasification reactor by the gasifying medium of preheating, the downstream unit of biomass gasification reaction system is then delivered in the combustion gas that is cooled.This design can make product such as the combustion gas of leaving reactive system lower the temperature on the one hand, so that it further is utilized; On the other hand, can utilize high-temperature fuel gas preheating gasifying medium, make the gasifying medium that gets into fluidized bed gasification reactor reach uniform temperature, the reacting balance of being convenient in the fluidized bed gasification reactor carries out, and fully reclaims the entrained heat of product.
In order to control the Tong Heguan of combustion gas, the gas outlet of second tripping device is provided with water-sealed valve, and this water-sealed valve is positioned at before the heat-exchange device.This water-sealed valve comprises water receptacle, outer cover, inner cover, pull bar.Water receptacle bottom has a through hole, and gas pipeline passes from this through hole, and the shape of this through hole, size are complementary with the gas pipeline that passes this through hole, and the contact site of the two welds.Outer cover covers in water receptacle top, the contact site welding of the two, and outer cover is provided with gas outlet, and the outer cover top is provided with a through hole.The free end of gas pipeline is positioned at the space of water receptacle and outer cover encirclement, and is higher than the water surface in the water receptacle.Inner cover covers on the free end of gas pipeline, and inner cover is provided with a pull bar, and this pull bar stretches out from a through hole at outer cover top.
Reactive system of the present invention can produce a large amount of combustion gas, and these combustion gas are delivered to the downstream user place through gas pipeline.Having only gas pipeline is low pressure with respect to gasification furnace, and gas pipeline could be successfully led in the combustion gas that gasification furnace produces.If the combustion gas that downstream user needs is less, and the combustion gas that reactive system produces is more, and unnecessary combustion gas makes and produces high pressure in the gas pipeline, causes a large amount of combustion gas to accumulate in the gasification furnace, under the such hot environment of gasification furnace, and critical accident such as can blast.For fear of the generation of this situation, the bleeding device of reactive system of the present invention comprises diffuse channel of vertically setting up and the portfire that is arranged at this diffuse channel top.Diffuse channel can directly link to each other with gas pipeline; Perhaps, the outer cover of water-sealed valve is provided with one and diffuses mouth, and this diffuses a mouthful connection diffuse channel, and the endpiece of diffuse channel is provided with portfire.Like this, unnecessary combustion gas burns through bleeding device, the explosion accident of having avoided fuel gas return-flow to cause.
Preferably, in biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system, first transport, second transport and be helix transporting device.
Because fluidized bed gasification reactor can produce some solid waste, if untimely eliminating can influence normally carrying out of gasification reaction.Thereby living beings reactive system of the present invention can also comprise slag-draining device, and this slag-draining device can be a helix transporting device, and the discharge end of this helix transporting device is higher than its feed end, leaks via this slag-draining device to prevent reacting gas.Because gasification system of the present invention is a pressure-fired system, this inclined design can play the effect of lock gas well.Further; Can be equipped with valve in the discarded object exit of fluidized bed gasification reactor bottom and the discharge end of slag-draining device, like rotary valve, ball valve, cylinder valve etc., and these rotary valves play a kind of effect of air-lock device; For example; When the outside deslagging of slag-draining device, then the rotary valve of slag-draining device discharge end is in open mode, and the rotary valve of the discarded object outlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor bottom is in closure state; And when fluidized-bed gasification was reacted to the slag-draining device deslagging, then the rotary valve of slag-draining device discharge end was in closed condition, and the rotary valve of the discarded object outlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor bottom is in open mode.
Further preferably, the slag-draining device discharge end is provided with the water receptacle that water is housed, so that form water seal at the slag-draining device discharge end.
In order to increase the fluid effect of biological particles; Be equipped with a plurality of ventilating ducts in the bottom of fluidized bed gasification reactor; The air inlet of ventilating duct communicates with the gasifying medium of fluidized bed gasification reactor inlet; Be covered with the blast cap of bamboo hat shape on the air outlet of ventilating duct, be equipped with a plurality of apertures on the blast cap, be used to spray air and avoid the air outlet of ventilating duct to be stopped up simultaneously by biological particles.
Again on the one hand; In order to realize goal of the invention of the present invention; The present invention also provides a kind of biomass gasification reaction system; It comprises biomass material feed system, fluidized bed gasification reactor, gasifying medium feed system and is arranged at the above tripping device of two-stage outside this fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the above tripping device of described two-stage comprises first tripping device, second tripping device and the 3rd tripping device at least, wherein:
Fluidized bed gasification reactor comprises first charging aperture and second charging aperture that is arranged at the zone, center, the gasifying medium inlet that is arranged at its bottom and discarded object outlet and the material outlet that is arranged at its upper area; Wherein, first charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with the biomass material feed system, and the gasifying medium inlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with the gasifying medium feed system;
First tripping device comprises the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area, the loop exit that is arranged at the regional material outlet in center and is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, the material inlet of first tripping device engages with the material outlet of fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the loop exit of first tripping device engages with second charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor through first transport;
Second tripping device comprises the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area, the loop exit that is arranged at the regional material outlet in center and is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, the material inlet of second tripping device engages with the material outlet of first tripping device, and the loop exit of second tripping device engages with second charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor through second transport and first transport; And
The 3rd tripping device comprises gas outlet, the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area that is arranged at its top, the loop exit that is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, The material inlet of the 3rd tripping device engages with the material outlet of second tripping device, and the loop exit of the 3rd tripping device engages with second charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor through the 3rd transport, second transport and first transport.The gas outlet of the 3rd tripping device is connected with downstream unit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has realized the automatic control to the gasification reaction feed through being arranged on a plurality of level-sensing devices in surge bunker and the working bin, being arranged on furnace temperature sensor and furnace pressure sensor in the fluidized bed gasification reactor; Through flame detector, realized the automatic control that gives out of gas to unnecessary; Through multi-stage separation device is set, biological particles can fully be reacted, improved gasification efficiency, practiced thrift the energy, produced more combustion gas, improved the combustion gas thermal value; Because the biological particles sufficient reacting has reduced the generation of tar and dust, the potential safety hazard of having avoided tar and dust in fluidized bed gasification reactor, to form has reduced the problem of environmental pollution that processing tar and dust bring simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, further specify the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, any on essence spirit of the present invention improvement or substitute, still belong to scope required for protection in claims of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is to use the structural representation of the control system specific embodiment of control method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system specific embodiment.
Embodiment
The biomass gasification reaction system that control method of the present invention was suitable for comprises fluidized bed gasification reactor, stokehold storage device, stokehold pay-off, feed bin and pay-off, bleeding device; The stokehold storage device comprises surge bunker and working bin, and surge bunker and working bin comprise charging aperture and discharging opening respectively, and the charging aperture of working bin engages with the discharging opening of surge bunker; The stokehold pay-off will be sent into the charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor from the raw material of working bin discharging opening; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin is equipped with valve; Feed bin comprises top fed mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and the bottom discharge mouth of feed bin is provided with valve; Pay-off comprises horizontal conveying belt and hoister; Horizontal conveying belt is positioned at the bottom discharge mouth below of feed bin, and the initiating terminal of hoister engages with the horizontal feed end of tape, and the end of hoister is positioned at the top fed mouth top of surge bunker; Biological particles shape raw material gets into feed bin from the charging aperture at feed bin top; Fall on the horizontal conveying belt from the discharging opening of feed bin bottom, go to hoister by horizontal conveying belt again, feed in raw material by final completion of hoister to surge bunker; Bleeding device comprises portfire.
Autocontrol method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) the feeding stage before the storehouse, level-sensing device, middle level-sensing device, following level-sensing device are set in surge bunker; When the material level in the surge bunker drops to the height of middle level-sensing device, the valve open of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off starts simultaneously; When the material level in the surge bunker reaches the height of high charge level meter, the valve closing of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off stops simultaneously; When the material level in the surge bunker drops to down the height of level-sensing device, report to the police.
(2) the material transfer stage in the storehouse is provided with level-sensing device and following level-sensing device in working bin, when the material level in the working bin drops to down the height of level-sensing device, and the valve open of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth, the valve closing of working bin simultaneously; When the material level in the working bin reaches the height of high charge level meter, the valve closing of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth, the valve opening of working bin simultaneously.
(3) the stokehold feeding stage is provided with furnace temperature sensor and furnace pressure sensor in fluidized bed gasification reactor, according to the feeding frequency of furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure control stokehold pay-off; When the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are lower than fiducial value, improve the feeding frequency of stokehold pay-off; When the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are higher than fiducial value, reduce the feeding frequency of stokehold pay-off.
(4) diffuse the stage, flame detector is set in bleeding device, when the fray-out of flame of bleeding device, portfire is lighted a fire automatically; In addition, monitor the situation of bleeding device flame combustion through camera.
As shown in Figure 1, the control system specific embodiment of use control method of the present invention comprises various sensors, central controller and control rack.Wherein control rack and be used for device central controller and corresponding power supply and all kinds of connecting line, this control rack is provided with touch-screen, is used to show the data-signal of each sensor and carries out manual operation.
Sensor comprises: be positioned at the working bin bottom working bin first level-sensing device, be positioned at working bin top working bin second level-sensing device, be positioned at surge bunker middle part surge bunker first level-sensing device, be positioned at surge bunker top surge bunker second level-sensing device, be positioned at surge bunker the 3rd level-sensing device, furnace temperature sensor, furnace pressure sensor, the flame detector of surge bunker bottom.
Central controller comprises valve control unit, stokehold pay-off control module, ignition control unit, feeding control module, controlling alarm unit.
Wherein, valve control unit is according to working bin first level-sensing device and the signal controlling surge bunker of working bin second level-sensing device transmission and the opening and closing of working bin valve; When the material level in the working bin is low, open the valve of surge bunker, working bin is fed in raw material, close the valve of working bin simultaneously; When the material level in the working bin was higher, the valve of closing surge bunker was opened the valve of working bin simultaneously to stop reinforced to working bin.
The signal controlling stokehold pay-off that stokehold pay-off control module transmits according to furnace temperature sensor and furnace pressure sensor is the rotating speed of helix transporting device turning axle for example, and then control feeding frequency.
Ignition control unit, is lighted a fire when flame disappears according to the unlatching of the signal controlling portfire of flame detector transmission automatically.Control system also comprises camera in addition, is used to take the image of bleeding device flame combustion, and the image of taking is sent to the touch-screen of control rack.
The feeding control module is according to surge bunker first level-sensing device and the signal controlling feed bin valve of surge bunker second level-sensing device transmission and the opening and closing of pay-off.When the material level in the surge bunker is low, open feed bin valve and pay-off, surge bunker is fed in raw material; When the material level in the surge bunker is higher, close feed bin valve and pay-off to stop feeding in raw material to working bin.
The unlatching of the signal controlling warning device that the controlling alarm unit transmits according to surge bunker the 3rd level-sensing device is crossed when low when the material level in the surge bunker, reports to the police to notify the staff to handle.
As shown in Figure 2; The specific embodiment of biomass gasification reaction of the present invention system comprises: fluidized bed gasification reactor such as fluidized bed 1, first tripping device such as cyclone separator 2, second tripping device such as cyclone separator 3, gasifying medium feed system, heat-exchange device 5, biomass material feed system, feed bin 8, horizontal conveying belt 91, high spud angle conveying belt 92, waste pipe 101, slag-draining device such as worm conveyor 102, waste storage device 103, diffuse channel 111, portfire 112, water-sealed valve 12.
Wherein, the top of feed bin 8 has charging aperture, and the bottom has discharging opening; Horizontal conveying belt 91 is positioned at the bottom discharge mouth below of feed bin 8, and the initiating terminal of high spud angle conveying belt 92 engages with the end of horizontal conveying belt 91, and the end of high spud angle conveying belt 91 is positioned at the top fed mouth top of surge bunker 61.
The biomass material feed system comprises surge bunker 61, working bin 62, stokehold pay-off (like worm conveyor 7).The top of surge bunker 61 has charging aperture, and the bottom has discharging opening; The top of working bin 62 has charging aperture, and the bottom has discharging opening; Surge bunker 61 is arranged up and down with working bin 62, and the top fed mouth of working bin 62 is positioned at the below of the bottom discharge mouth of surge bunker 61; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker 61 is provided with rotary valve.The initiating terminal of stokehold pay-off such as worm conveyor 7 is positioned at the bottom discharge mouth below of working bin 62, and its terminal feeds first charging aperture of fluidized bed 1.
Fluidized bed 1 middle part has first charging aperture and second charging aperture; Its bottom has gasifying medium inlet and discarded object outlet; Its top has material outlet.The discarded object outlet connects waste pipe 101, and waste pipe 101 exits are equipped with slag-draining device such as worm conveyor 102.Worm conveyor 102 is inclined upwardly, and promptly its discharge end is higher than its feed end.The discharge end of worm conveyor 102 is equipped with waste storage device 103.
The top of first tripping device such as cyclone separator 2 has material inlet, and this material inlet links to each other through pipeline with the material outlet of fluidized bed 1; The center has material outlet; Its bottom has loop exit; This loop exit connects a regenerant apparatus for temporary storage 21 through pipeline, and the outlet at bottom of regenerant apparatus for temporary storage 21 has first transport such as the worm conveyor that leads to fluidized bed 1 second charging aperture outward.
The top of second tripping device such as cyclone separator 3 has material inlet; Its top has gas outlet, and gas outlet connects gas pipeline; Its bottom has loop exit; Loop exit has second transport such as the worm conveyor that leads to regenerant apparatus for temporary storage 21 outward.
Heat-exchange device 5 comprises fuel gas inlet, gas outlet and air intake, air out; Fuel gas inlet is connected gas pipeline respectively with gas outlet; Air intake is connected air duct respectively with air out.
The gas outlet of second tripping device such as cyclone separator 3 is provided with water-sealed valve 12, and water-sealed valve 12 is positioned at before the heat-exchange device 5.Water-sealed valve 12 is provided with one and diffuses mouth, and this diffuses a mouthful connection diffuse channel 111, and the endpiece of diffuse channel 111 is provided with portfire 112.
In this embodiment, the gasifying medium feed system send device (like fan blower 4) and corresponding pipeline for the wind that links to each other with heat-exchange device 5; Certainly, can adopt the gasifying medium feed system of other form in other embodiments fully.Wind send device such as fan blower 4 to be connected in the air intake of heat-exchange device 5 through air duct, and the air out of heat-exchange device 5 is connected in the gasifying medium inlet of fluidized bed 1 bottom, and the bottom of air from fluidized bed 1 is blown into.The bottom of fluidized bed 1 is equipped with a plurality of ventilating ducts, and the air inlet of ventilating duct communicates with the air intake of fluidized bed 1, is covered with the blast cap of bamboo hat shape on the air outlet of ventilating duct, is equipped with a plurality of apertures on the blast cap.
The course of work of present embodiment is following:
Biological particles gets into surge bunker 61 from feed bin 8 through horizontal conveying belt 91 and high spud angle conveying belt 92, gets into working bin 62 through surge bunker 61, gets into fluidized bed 1 through worm conveyor 7 then.Fan blower 4 is blown in fluidized bed 1.Biological particles and air generate CO, H in fluidized bed 1
2And CH
4Deng combustion gas and solid waste.Solid waste gets into waste storage device 103 through waste pipe 101 and worm conveyor 102.
Combustion gas and not the biological particles of complete reaction get into cyclone separator 2, through separating the back combustion gas and lighter biological particles gets into cyclone separator 3, heavier biological particles returns fluidized bed 1 through worm conveyor to be continued participation and reacts.
In cyclone separator 3; Combustion gas further separates with lighter biological particles, and combustion gas gets into gas pipeline, heats the air that is used to react through heat-exchange device 5; Combustion gas simultaneously is cooled, and the downstream unit of biomass gasification reaction system is delivered in the combustion gas that is cooled.Unnecessary combustion gas gets into diffuse channel 111, in the lit-end of diffuse channel 111.
Claims (10)
1. autocontrol method that is used to control the biomass gasification reaction system is so that biomass material complete reaction and diffuse unnecessary combustion gas; Wherein, this biomass gasification reaction system comprises fluidized bed gasification reactor, stokehold storage device, stokehold pay-off, feed bin and pay-off, bleeding device; The stokehold storage device comprises surge bunker and working bin, and surge bunker and working bin comprise charging aperture and discharging opening respectively, and the charging aperture of working bin engages with the discharging opening of surge bunker; The stokehold pay-off will be sent into the charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor from the raw material of working bin discharging opening; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin is equipped with valve; Feed bin comprises top fed mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and the bottom discharge mouth of feed bin is provided with valve; Said autocontrol method comprises the steps:
The feeding stage before
storehouse; Level-sensing device and middle level-sensing device in surge bunker, being provided with; When the material level in the surge bunker drops to the height of middle level-sensing device; The valve open of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off starts simultaneously; When the material level in the surge bunker reaches the height of level-sensing device, the valve closing of feed bin bottom discharge mouth, pay-off stops simultaneously;
The material transfer stage in
storehouse; Level-sensing device and following level-sensing device in working bin, being provided with; When the material level in the working bin drops to down the height of level-sensing device, the valve open of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth; When the material level in the working bin reaches the height of level-sensing device, the valve closing of surge bunker bottom discharge mouth;
the stokehold feeding stage; Furnace temperature sensor and furnace pressure sensor are set in fluidized bed gasification reactor; Stokehold pay-off control module is according to the rotating speed of the signal controlling stokehold pay-off helix transporting device turning axle of furnace temperature sensor and the transmission of furnace pressure sensor, and then control feeding frequency;
diffuses the stage; Flame detector is set in bleeding device; When the fray-out of flame of bleeding device, portfire is lighted a fire automatically.
2. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, during the valve opening of said surge bunker, and the valve closing of said working bin; During the valve closing of said surge bunker, the valve opening of said working bin.
3. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are lower than fiducial value, improves the feeding frequency of said stokehold pay-off; When the furnace temperature that records and furnace pressure are higher than fiducial value, reduce the feeding frequency of said stokehold pay-off.
4. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, level-sensing device down is set in surge bunker, when the material level in the surge bunker drops to down the height of level-sensing device, reports to the police.
5. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, monitors the situation of said bleeding device flame combustion through camera.
6. the biomass gasification reaction system of the said control method of one of an employing such as claim 1-5, said biomass gasification system comprises fluidized bed gasification reactor, stokehold storage device, stokehold pay-off, feed bin and pay-off, bleeding device; The stokehold storage device comprises surge bunker and working bin, and surge bunker and working bin comprise charging aperture and discharging opening respectively, and the charging aperture of working bin engages with the discharging opening of surge bunker; The stokehold pay-off will be sent into the charging aperture of fluidized bed gasification reactor from the raw material of working bin discharging opening; The bottom discharge mouth place of surge bunker and working bin is equipped with valve; Feed bin comprises top fed mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and the bottom discharge mouth of feed bin is provided with valve; Pay-off comprises horizontal conveying belt and hoister; Horizontal conveying belt is positioned at the bottom discharge mouth below of feed bin, and the initiating terminal of hoister engages with the horizontal feed end of tape, and the end of hoister is positioned at the top fed mouth top of surge bunker; Biological particles shape raw material gets into feed bin from the charging aperture at feed bin top; Fall on the horizontal conveying belt from the discharging opening of feed bin bottom, go to hoister by horizontal conveying belt again, feed in raw material by final completion of hoister to surge bunker; Bleeding device comprises portfire.
7. biomass gasification reaction as claimed in claim 6 system, it further comprises the above tripping device of two-stage that is arranged at outside this fluidized bed gasification reactor, the above tripping device of described two-stage comprises first tripping device and second tripping device at least.
8. biomass gasification reaction as claimed in claim 7 system; Wherein, described fluidized bed gasification reactor comprises first charging aperture and second charging aperture that is arranged at the zone, center, the gasifying medium inlet that is arranged at its bottom and discarded object outlet and the material outlet that is arranged at its upper area; Wherein, first charging aperture of said fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with said biomass material feed system, and the gasifying medium inlet of said fluidized bed gasification reactor engages with described gasifying medium feed system;
Described first tripping device comprises the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area, the loop exit that is arranged at the regional material outlet in center and is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, the material inlet of said first tripping device engages with the material outlet of said fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the loop exit of said first tripping device engages with second charging aperture of said fluidized bed gasification reactor through first transport; And
Described second tripping device comprises gas outlet, the material inlet that is arranged at its upper area that is arranged at its top, the loop exit that is arranged at its bottom; Wherein, The material inlet of said second tripping device engages with the material outlet of said first tripping device, and the loop exit of said second tripping device engages with second charging aperture of said fluidized bed gasification reactor through second transport and first transport.
9. biomass gasification reaction as claimed in claim 8 system; It is characterized in that described biomass gasification reaction system further comprises heat-exchange device, wherein; From the combustion gas of the said second tripping device gas outlet with from the gasifying medium of said gasifying medium feed system this heat-exchange device of flowing through; And the generation heat interchange, gasifying medium is by preheating, and combustion gas is cooled; Afterwards, then via the gasifying medium of said fluidized bed gasification reactor inlet, sent into said fluidized bed gasification reactor by the gasifying medium of preheating, the downstream unit of said biomass gasification reaction system is then delivered in the combustion gas that is cooled.
10. biomass gasification reaction as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that said bleeding device comprises the diffuse channel of vertically setting up, and said portfire is arranged at said diffuse channel top; Described diffuse channel is arranged on the gas pipeline, and perhaps said water-sealed valve is provided with and diffuses mouth, and this diffuses mouth and is connected with said diffuse channel.
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| CN101995836B (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-07-18 | 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 | Automatic biomass gas feeding and diffusing control system and biomass gasification reaction system |
| CN102994112B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-06-11 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Preheated coal leading-in device of coal pyrolyzing furnace |
| CN102786957B (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-07-30 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Coal as fired regulation method for coal pyrolyzing furnace |
| CN104590912B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-09-28 | 太仓北新建材有限公司 | A kind of guide control method and device |
| CN105368497B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-07-17 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Biological material microwave radiation technology pyrolysis gasifying device and its application method |
| CN105694985A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 杭州燃油锅炉有限公司 | Biomass gasifying device |
| CN105925316B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2020-01-10 | 广州薪光合环保技术有限公司 | Control method of fluidized bed gasification furnace system |
| CN114947166B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-05-30 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | Biomass baking explosion-proof method |
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Denomination of invention: Automatic control method of biomass gas feeding and dispersion and biomass gasification reaction system Effective date of registration: 20220401 Granted publication date: 20120718 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Guangzhou Liuhua sub branch Pledgor: GUANGZHOU DEVOTION THERMAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980003837 |