CN216683992U - Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus - Google Patents
Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN216683992U CN216683992U CN202123400387.4U CN202123400387U CN216683992U CN 216683992 U CN216683992 U CN 216683992U CN 202123400387 U CN202123400387 U CN 202123400387U CN 216683992 U CN216683992 U CN 216683992U
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electronic bus is with transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system, the system includes compressor, three-way valve, outer heat exchanger, first drier-filter, second drier-filter, heat exchanger in the car, vapour and liquid separator, regenerator, the exit linkage three-way valve's of compressor first interface, the import of outer heat exchanger of second interface connection of three-way valve, the import of heat exchanger in the third interface connection car of three-way valve, the export of outer heat exchanger connects gradually first ball valve all the way, first drier-filter, heat exchanger in the car, vapour and liquid separator, the induction port of regenerator and compressor, another way connection vapour and liquid separator. The pure natural environment-friendly CO2 refrigerant is adopted, the problem that the heating efficiency of a pure electric bus is low in winter is solved, components such as a pressure release valve and a two-way valve are adopted, abnormal high pressure of the system is prevented from being caused under the condition that the system is blocked or other abnormal conditions occur, the superheat degree of a heat regenerator in the system is improved in the heating process, and liquid impact of a compressor is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of passenger car air conditioners, in particular to a trans-critical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for an electric bus.
Background
Along with the popularization of urban public transport and the support subsidy of national relevant policies, the pure electric buses are more and more, and because the waste heat of an engine can be utilized, the aim of heating in winter can be achieved only by depending on a PTC heater or a heat pump at the present stage, but the power consumption of the whole bus is greatly increased in winter and the endurance mileage is seriously reduced because the efficiency of the PTC heater is less than 1; the working medium of the heat pump system is R407C or R410A, the two refrigerant working media are mixed refrigerants and are not environment-friendly, the environment temperature can only work normally at the temperature of more than-20 ℃, the heating requirement of cold regions cannot be met, and the environment-friendly requirement of European and American countries cannot be met. The air supply enthalpy increasing technology is researched in the industry to increase the ambient temperature below-20 ℃ for heating, but the system has a complex structure, needs more valves and has higher control precision requirement, and the environmental protection problem at the export overseas can not be solved; some factories adopt environment-friendly working media 1234yf to meet the requirements of a single cooling system, but intellectual property rights of the working media are not completely disclosed, so that the cost of the refrigerant is thousands of yuan, the air-conditioning refrigeration charging amount of a bus is large, and only the cost of the refrigerant needs to be increased by more than ten thousand yuan; in addition, the heating problem in winter can not be effectively solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems, the transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for the electric bus is provided.
The object of the utility model is achieved in the following way:
a transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for an electric bus comprises a compressor, a three-way valve, an external heat exchanger, a first drying filter, a second drying filter, an internal heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a heat regenerator, wherein an outlet of the compressor is connected with a first interface of the three-way valve, a second interface of the three-way valve is connected with an inlet of the external heat exchanger, a third interface of the three-way valve is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, one path of an outlet of the external heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the first ball valve, the other path of the outlet of the external heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the third ball valve, an outlet of the first ball valve is connected with an inlet of the first drying filter, an outlet of the first drying filter is connected with an inlet of an electronic expansion valve, an outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, an outlet of the internal heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the second ball valve, and outlets of the second ball valve and the third ball valve are connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator is connected with the air suction port of the compressor, the outlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is also connected with the inlet of the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the fourth ball valve, the outlet of the fourth ball valve is connected with the inlet of the second drying filter, the outlet of the second drying filter is connected with the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve, and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle.
Further, the vehicle interior heat exchanger comprises a first vehicle interior heat exchanger and a second vehicle interior heat exchanger, wherein an outlet of the first drying filter is connected with an inlet of the first vehicle interior heat exchanger through a first electronic expansion valve, and is connected with an inlet of the second vehicle interior heat exchanger through a second electronic expansion valve.
Furthermore, an air blower outside the vehicle-outside heat exchanger is arranged, a first air blower inside the vehicle is arranged outside the first vehicle-inside heat exchanger, and a second air blower inside the vehicle is arranged outside the second vehicle-inside heat exchanger.
Furthermore, a low-pressure relief valve is arranged on a pipeline between the low-pressure side outlet of the heat regenerator and the air suction port of the compressor.
Further, a high-pressure relief valve is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor and the three-way valve.
Further, the refrigerant circulating in the system is CO 2.
Further, the compressor is an inverter compressor.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model adopts pure naturalEnvironment-friendly CO2The refrigerant overcomes the problem of low heating efficiency of a pure electric bus in winter, and adopts combined valve parts such as a pressure release valve, a two-way valve and the like to prevent the system pressure from being too high under the condition of system blockage or other abnormal conditions, and at the moment, the refrigerant of the discharged part is automatically opened to ensure that the system pressure is normal and the extreme conditions such as explosion and the like cannot occur. The heat regenerator in the system improves the superheat degree in the heating process and prevents the compressor from liquid impact. In the low-temperature heating cycle process, the heat regenerator can effectively increase the superheat degree of refrigerant gas returning to the compressor, and the compressor is prevented from liquid impact. The corresponding is the refrigeration cycle process, and the regenerator has refrigerant circulation only on the low-pressure side, and the function of the regenerator changes, and the regenerator is only used as part of the system pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heating cycle of the present invention.
The system comprises a compressor, a three-way valve 2, a heat exchanger outside the vehicle 3, an air blower outside the vehicle 4, a first ball valve 5, a first dry filter 6, a first electronic expansion valve 7, a first heat exchanger inside the vehicle 8, a first air blower inside the vehicle 9, a second electronic expansion valve 10, a second heat exchanger inside the vehicle 11, a second air blower inside the vehicle 12, a second ball valve 13, a third ball valve 14, a gas-liquid separator 15, a heat regenerator 16, a fourth ball valve 17, a second dry filter 18, a third electronic expansion valve 19, a low-pressure relief valve 20 and a high-pressure relief valve 21.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same technical meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
A transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for an electric bus comprises a compressor 1, a three-way valve 2, an external heat exchanger 3, a first drying filter 6, a second drying filter 18, an internal heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator 15 and a heat regenerator 16, wherein an outlet of the compressor 1 is connected with a first interface of the three-way valve 2, a second interface of the three-way valve 2 is connected with an inlet of the external heat exchanger 3, a third interface of the three-way valve 2 is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, one path of an outlet of the external heat exchanger 3 is connected with an inlet of a first ball valve 5, the other path of the outlet is connected with an inlet of a third ball valve 14, an outlet of the first ball valve is connected with an inlet of the first drying filter 6, an outlet of the first drying filter 6 is connected with an inlet of an electronic expansion valve, an outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, an outlet of the internal heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the second ball valve 13, an outlet of the second ball valve 13 and an outlet of the third ball valve 14 are both connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 15, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 15 is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16, the outlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16 is connected with the air suction port of the compressor 1, the outlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is also connected with the inlet of the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16, the outlet of the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16 is connected with the inlet of the fourth ball valve 17, the outlet of the fourth ball valve 17 is connected with the inlet of the second dry filter 18, the outlet of the second dry filter 18 is connected with the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 19, and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 19 is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle.
The vehicle interior heat exchanger comprises a first vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 and a second vehicle interior heat exchanger 11, wherein an outlet of the first drying filter 6 is connected with an inlet of the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 through a first electronic expansion valve 7, and is connected with an inlet of the second vehicle interior heat exchanger 11 through a second electronic expansion valve 10.
The outer side of the outer heat exchanger 3 is provided with an outer fan 4, the outer side of the first vehicle inner heat exchanger 8 is provided with a first vehicle inner fan 9, and the outer side of the second vehicle inner heat exchanger 11 is provided with a second vehicle inner fan 12.
A low-pressure relief valve 20 is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16 and the suction port of the compressor 1.
And a high-pressure relief valve 21 is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor 1 and the three-way valve 2.
The high-pressure relief valve and the low-pressure relief valve are mainly used for preventing the system from being blocked or causing overhigh pressure under other abnormal conditions, and the discharged part of refrigerant is automatically opened at the moment so as to ensure that the system pressure is normal and the extreme conditions such as explosion and the like can not occur.
The refrigerant circulating in the system is CO 2.
The compressor 1 is a variable frequency compressor.
During refrigeration cycle, high-temperature and high-pressure gas from a compressor 1 flows into an external heat exchanger 3 for cooling after passing through a three-way valve 2, is forced to radiate heat to the environment by an external fan 4, a first ball valve 5 is opened, and enters a first electronic expansion valve 7 and a second electronic expansion valve 10 in two ways after passing through a first drying filter 6, is throttled and cooled and then enters a corresponding first internal heat exchanger 8 and a corresponding second internal heat exchanger 11 for evaporation, and the cooled air is sent into a carriage for cooling under the action of a first internal fan 9 and a second internal fan 12, so that the refrigeration requirement of an air conditioning system is met; the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant from the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 and the second vehicle interior heat exchanger 11 is merged and then enters the gas-liquid separator 15 through the second ball valve 13, and then returns to the compressor 1 through the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16 to complete the system refrigeration cycle. The regenerator only has refrigerant flowing at the low-pressure side, the function of the regenerator is changed, and the regenerator is only used as part of system pipelines.
During heating circulation, high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor 1 is divided into two paths through the three-way valve 2 and flows into the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 and the second vehicle interior heat exchanger 11 to be cooled, and the heated air is sent into a compartment to be heated under the action of the first vehicle interior fan 9 and the second vehicle interior fan 12, so that the heating requirement of an air conditioning system is met; the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant coming out of the first in-vehicle heat exchanger 8 and the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 is converged and then flows into the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator 16 for heat exchange, the refrigerant is cooled again to achieve the purpose of supercooling, and then enters the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle after being throttled by the fourth ball valve 17, the second drying filter 18 and the third electronic expansion valve 19 for evaporation, after being forcibly absorbed by the fan 4 outside the vehicle to the environment, the refrigerant flows into the heat regenerator 16 through the third ball valve 14 and the gas-liquid separator 15 for heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing into the previous in-vehicle heat exchanger, the temperature of the refrigerant is increased, namely the inlet temperature of the compressor is further increased, and finally the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 to complete the heating cycle.
The three-way valve in the embodiment is mainly used for realizing the flow direction switching of the refrigerant in the refrigeration/heating mode, and the ball valve is matched with the three-way valve to function;
the gas-liquid separator is mainly used for preventing the damage caused by liquid impact after the compressor sucks liquid refrigerant because the refrigerant at the inlet of the compressor is in a gas-liquid mixed state at low ambient temperature;
the utility model adopts pure natural environment-friendly CO2The refrigerant overcomes the problem of low heating efficiency of the pure electric bus in winter, and the components such as the pressure release valve, the two-way valve and the like are adopted to prevent the system from being blocked or causing the system pressure to be overhigh under other abnormal conditions, and at the moment, the refrigerant of the discharge part is automatically opened to ensure the normal system pressure and avoid extreme conditions such as explosion and the like. The heat regenerator in the system improves the superheat degree in the heating process and prevents the compressor from liquid impact. In the low-temperature heating cycle process, the heat regenerator can effectively increase the superheat degree of refrigerant gas returning to the compressor, and the compressor is prevented from liquid impact. The corresponding is the refrigeration cycle process, and the regenerator has refrigerant circulation only on the low-pressure side, and the function of the regenerator changes, and the regenerator is only used as part of the system pipeline.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A trans-critical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for an electric bus is characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor (1), a three-way valve (2), an external heat exchanger (3), a first drying filter (6), a second drying filter (18), an internal heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator (15) and a heat regenerator (16), wherein an outlet of the compressor (1) is connected with a first interface of the three-way valve (2), a second interface of the three-way valve (2) is connected with an inlet of the external heat exchanger (3), a third interface of the three-way valve (2) is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, one path of an outlet of the external heat exchanger (3) is connected with an inlet of a first ball valve (5), the other path of the outlet is connected with an inlet of a third ball valve (14), an outlet of the first ball valve is connected with an inlet of the first drying filter (6), an outlet of the first drying filter (6) is connected with an inlet of an electronic expansion valve, an outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected with an inlet of the internal heat exchanger, an outlet of the internal heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the second ball valve (13), the outlet of the second ball valve (13) and the outlet of the third ball valve (14) are connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator (15), the outlet of the gas-liquid separator (15) is connected with the low-pressure side inlet of a heat regenerator (16), the low-pressure side outlet of the heat regenerator (16) is connected with the air suction port of a compressor (1), the outlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is also connected with the high-pressure side inlet of the heat regenerator (16), the high-pressure side outlet of the heat regenerator (16) is connected with the inlet of a fourth ball valve (17), the outlet of the fourth ball valve (17) is connected with the inlet of a second drying filter (18), the outlet of the second drying filter (18) is connected with the inlet of a third electronic expansion valve (19), and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve (19) is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle (3).
2. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 1, wherein: the vehicle-mounted heat exchanger comprises a first vehicle-mounted heat exchanger (8) and a second vehicle-mounted heat exchanger (11), wherein an outlet of the first drying filter (6) is connected with an inlet of the first vehicle-mounted heat exchanger (8) through a first electronic expansion valve (7) and is connected with an inlet of the second vehicle-mounted heat exchanger (11) through a second electronic expansion valve (10).
3. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 2, wherein: the outer side of the outer heat exchanger (3) is provided with an outer fan (4), the outer side of the first vehicle inner heat exchanger (8) is provided with a first vehicle inner fan (9), and the outer side of the second vehicle inner heat exchanger (11) is provided with a second vehicle inner fan (12).
4. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 1, wherein: and a low-pressure relief valve (20) is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator (16) and the air suction port of the compressor (1).
5. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 1, wherein: and a high-pressure relief valve (21) is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor (1) and the three-way valve (2).
6. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigerant circulating in the system is CO2。
7. The transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric buses according to claim 1, wherein: the compressor (1) is a variable frequency compressor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123400387.4U CN216683992U (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123400387.4U CN216683992U (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus |
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| CN216683992U true CN216683992U (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114393970A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 郑州科林车用空调有限公司 | Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus |
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2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202123400387.4U patent/CN216683992U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114393970A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 郑州科林车用空调有限公司 | Transcritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system for electric bus |
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