CN216678182U

CN216678182U - Reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming

Info

Publication number: CN216678182U
Application number: CN202122550587.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成功; 杨卫华
Original assignee: Suzhou Junfeng New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Junfeng New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-22
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming. The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: comprises a burner module and a steam reformer module; the burner module comprises a water gasification chamber for the burner, a fuel gasification chamber for the burner, an autothermal reforming reaction chamber and a combustion chamber; the steam reformer module comprises a steam gasification chamber for steam reforming, a fuel gasification chamber for steam reforming and a steam reforming reaction chamber, and the high-temperature tail gas forms low-temperature combustion tail gas after heat exchange through the steam reformer module. The proposal provided by the utility model obtains hydrogen through an autothermal reforming method for catalyst combustion, provides heat for steam reforming reaction, realizes that the reformer can finish quick start by using the same fuel, and the concentration of the hydrogen in the reformed gas maintains a higher level without nitrogen-containing compound impurities.

Description

Reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of reformers, in particular to a reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming.

Background

With the development of fuel cell and hydrogen gas internal combustion engine technology, hydrogen energy is used as an alternative energy source and becomes a consensus of scientific research and product developers. Due to the problems of high pressure, explosion and the like in the storage and transportation process of hydrogen, the scheme of directly storing hydrogen as an energy source has high use cost and great potential safety hazard. Therefore, the production of hydrogen by catalytic reforming using a hydrogen-rich liquid fuel is favored by researchers.

There are various fuel reforming techniques, and among them, the steam reforming method and the autothermal reforming method are put to practical use due to their respective characteristics. The steam reforming method is to react gaseous fuel with steam at high temperature through the action of catalyst to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen source is not only from fuel, but also replaces hydrogen in water, so that the hydrogen concentration in the product is high, and the main products are hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. However, the reforming reaction is a high-temperature endothermic reaction, and external heat supply such as catalytic combustion is required, and particularly, a long heating process is required during starting; the catalytic combustion has a very good catalytic effect on hydrogen, methanol and other small molecules, particularly on hydrogen, the catalytic combustion can be started at a lower temperature, but for fuels with more carbon atoms in the molecules, the catalytic combustion effect is poor, the combustion is often insufficient, and most of light hydrocarbons and diesel oil cannot be directly used as a system heat source by catalytic combustion.

The autothermal reforming method realizes the self-heating of the whole system by introducing oxygen in the steam reforming reaction and providing heat through the partial oxidation of fuel, has the characteristics of short cold start time and quick dynamic response, and has compact reactor structure because external heat supply is not needed. However, in practical application, oxygen is obtained by introducing air, and a large amount of nitrogen exists in air, so that a large amount of nitrogen is contained in the components of the reformed gas, the hydrogen concentration is reduced, and the nitrogen easily reacts with hydrogen through the action of a catalyst at high temperature to produce byproducts such as ammonia, and thus, the purification process is complicated, the cost is increased, and the practical application is limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the defects of the prior art, the main object of the present invention is to provide a reformer which uses fuel to obtain hydrogen by an autothermal reforming method for catalyst combustion, provides heat for steam reforming reaction, and realizes that the reformer can use the same fuel to complete quick start, and the hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas maintains a high level, and the autothermal reforming and steam reforming without nitrogen-containing compound impurities are combined.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming comprising a burner module and a steam reformer module; the burner module comprises a burner water gasification chamber, a burner fuel gasification chamber, an autothermal reforming reaction chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the burner water gasification chamber conveys burner water vapor to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber, the burner fuel gasification chamber conveys fuel gas to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber, the autothermal reforming reaction chamber conveys hydrogen-containing reformed gas to the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber conveys high-temperature tail gas to the steam reformer module; the steam reformer module comprises a steam reforming water gasification chamber, a steam reforming fuel gasification chamber and a steam reforming reaction chamber, wherein the steam reforming water gasification chamber conveys steam to the steam reforming reaction chamber, the steam reforming fuel gasification chamber conveys fuel gas to the steam reforming reaction chamber, the steam reforming reaction chamber outputs steam reforming gas, and the high-temperature tail gas forms low-temperature combustion tail gas after heat exchange through the steam reformer module.

Preferably, the combustion chamber and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber are both provided with a catalyst which is integrated in a granular or honeycomb form or coated on the surfaces of the combustion chamber and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the reformer is designed by combining the autothermal reforming method and the steam reforming method, hydrogen obtained by the fuel through the autothermal reforming method is used for catalyst combustion to provide heat for the steam reforming reaction, the reformer can be quickly started by using the same fuel, the hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas is maintained at a high level, and no nitrogen-containing compound impurities exist. Compared with the prior art, the heat supply for steam reforming by using the same fuel is realized especially for the multi-carbon hydrocarbon and the diesel oil. The preheating time of the existing steam reforming reactor is 1-2 hours, and the time can be shortened to 0.5-1 hour by adopting the technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a burner module; 2. a steam reformer module; 3. burner water; 4. a fuel for the burner; 5. a water gasification chamber for a burner; 6. a fuel vaporizing chamber for the burner; 7. burner water vapor; 8. a fuel gas for the burner; 9. air for autothermal reforming; 10. an autothermal reforming reaction chamber; 11. A reformed gas; 12. air for the combustion chamber; 13. a combustion chamber; 14. high temperature tail gas; 15. water for steam reforming; 16. a fuel for steam reforming; 17. a water vaporizing chamber for steam reforming; 18. a fuel vaporizing chamber for steam reforming; 19. steam for steam reforming; 20. a fuel gas for steam reforming; 21. a steam reforming reaction chamber; 22. steam reformed gas; 23. and (4) low-temperature combustion of tail gas.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming includes a burner module 1 and a steam reformer module 2; the burner module 1 comprises a burner fuel gasification chamber 5, a burner fuel gasification chamber 6, an autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 and a combustion chamber 13, wherein the burner fuel gasification chamber 6 conveys burner water vapor 7 to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, the burner fuel gasification chamber 6 conveys burner fuel gas 8 to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 conveys hydrogen-containing reformed gas 11 to the combustion chamber 13, and the combustion chamber 13 conveys high-temperature tail gas 14 to the steam reformer module 2; the steam reformer module 2 includes a steam reforming water vaporizing chamber 17, a steam reforming fuel vaporizing chamber 18, and a steam reforming reaction chamber 21, the steam reforming water vaporizing chamber 17 supplies steam to the steam reforming reaction chamber 21, the steam reforming fuel vaporizing chamber 18 supplies fuel gas to the steam reforming reaction chamber 21, the steam reforming reaction chamber 21 outputs steam reformed gas 22, and the high temperature exhaust gas 14 is heat-exchanged by the steam reformer module 2 to form low temperature combustion exhaust gas 23.

Preferably, the combustion chamber 13 and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 are each provided therein with a catalyst in the form of pellets or honeycombs integrated or coated on the surfaces of the combustion chamber 13 and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10.

The reformer is designed by combining an autothermal reforming method and a steam reforming method, hydrogen obtained by the fuel through the autothermal reforming method is used for catalyst combustion, heat is provided for steam reforming reaction, the reformer can finish quick start by using the same fuel, and the concentration of the hydrogen in reformed gas is maintained at a high level without nitrogen-containing compound impurities. Compared with the prior art, the heat supply for steam reforming by using the same fuel is realized especially for the multi-carbon hydrocarbon and the diesel oil. The preheating time of the existing steam reforming reactor is 1-2 hours, and the time can be shortened to 0.5-1 hour by adopting the technology.

The reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming as described in the present invention can be roughly divided into two parts, a burner module 1 and a steam reformer module 2, the burner module 1 includes a burner water 3 and a burner fuel 4, a feed line and a gasification chamber, an autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 and a combustion chamber 13. After the whole combustion chamber 13 is preheated to a certain temperature, water and fuel are gasified and then enter the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 to react with the autothermal reforming air 9 under the action of a catalyst to obtain reformed gas containing hydrogen, and the reformed gas rich in hydrogen enters the combustion chamber 13 to be completely combusted with air under the action of the catalyst to generate high-temperature tail gas 14.

The steam reformer module 2 includes a vaporization chamber and a pipeline for the steam reforming water 15 and the steam reforming fuel 16, and a steam reforming reaction chamber 21 containing a catalyst. The steam reformer module 2 is preheated by the high-temperature off-gas 14, the water and the fuel entering the steam reforming reaction chamber 21 are vaporized, and the steam 19 for steam reforming and the fuel gas 20 for steam reforming after the vaporization are supplied to the steam reforming reaction chamber 21, thereby obtaining a reformed gas having a low impurity content and a high hydrogen concentration. The heat of the steam reforming reaction is obtained by heat exchange with the high temperature off-gas 14 of the combustor.

The gasification chamber of water and fuel in the burner can be directly gasified at high temperature or gasified at high temperature after being sprayed, can be integrally formed with the burner to carry out bulk heat transfer, and can also adopt combustion tail gas to supply heat independently of the burner; in order to reduce the volume and improve the heat efficiency, the integral molding is suggested. The system needs to be preheated when being started, and the preheating mode can adopt modes such as electric heating or fuel combustion direct heating. The autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10 contains a catalyst, which may be in the form of a pellet, a honeycomb monolith, a coating on the surface of the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, or the like, and different fuels may be used with different catalysts, and may be classified into noble metal-based, copper-based, nickel-based, and rare earth catalysts.

The combustion chamber 13 contains a catalyst, which can be in the form of particles, honeycomb monolith, coating on the surface of the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, etc., and the catalyst is Pt, Pd and other noble metals and composite catalyst.

The gasification chamber of water and fuel in the steam reforming reactor can be directly gasified at high temperature or gasified at high temperature after being sprayed, can be integrally formed with a combustor to carry out bulk heat transfer, and can also adopt combustion tail gas for heat supply independently of the combustor; in order to reasonably utilize the heat of the tail gas, the tail gas is recommended to be heated by burning the tail gas independently of a burner.

The steam reforming reaction chamber 21 contains a catalyst, which may be in the form of a pellet, a honeycomb monolith, or a coating on the surface of the autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, and different fuels may be classified into a noble metal-based, copper-based, nickel-based, and rare earth-based catalysts, depending on the catalyst used.

Taking a 10kW diesel reformer as an example, a burner is made of steel, one side of the wall surface of the burner is integrated with a gasification flow channel for water and fuel, the other side is integrated with an autothermal reforming reaction chamber 10, a granular Pt-based catalyst is filled in the autothermal reforming reaction chamber for autothermal reforming reaction, and the combustion effect is monitored by a thermocouple in the tail gas. The middle of the burner is a cylindrical cordierite ceramic honeycomb carrier catalyst with the diameter of 100 and the length of 100, the burner is preheated by an electric heating pipe, when the preheating temperature is reached, diesel oil and water enter the self-heating reaction chamber through the gasification flow channel to generate self-heating reforming with the introduced air, and then generated reformed gas enters the combustion chamber 13 to be combusted with the air generation catalyst to provide high-temperature gas for preheating the steam reformer. The initial preheating power is 2.5kW, and the preheating mode can be completed within 45 minutes.

The steam reformer comprises a steam reforming reaction chamber 21 and a water and fuel gasification chamber, wherein the steam reforming chamber is a tube type gas-gas heat exchanger and is made of steel, a granular Pt-based catalyst is filled in the steam reforming chamber, and the running condition of the reactor is monitored by thermocouples on the reactor and the gasification chamber. Because the diesel oil gasification temperature is higher, the next stage is a diesel oil gasification chamber which is made of aluminum alloy, and the tail gas flowing through the steam reforming reaction chamber 21 is used for diesel oil gasification; and finally, the water vapor gasification chamber is made of aluminum alloy, and the temperature of tail gas flowing through the diesel oil gasification chamber is utilized, so that the reasonable utilization of heat is realized. When the steam reforming reaction chamber 21 reaches the reaction temperature, the reaction temperature is controlled by the amount of fuel for combustion, and the reformed gas with high hydrogen concentration and low impurity content can be obtained by introducing water and fuel into the steam reformer in a proper proportion.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the utility model may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the utility model, and are considered to be within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming characterized by: comprises a burner module and a steam reformer module; the burner module comprises a burner water gasification chamber, a burner fuel gasification chamber, an autothermal reforming reaction chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the burner water gasification chamber conveys burner water vapor to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber, the burner fuel gasification chamber conveys fuel gas to the autothermal reforming reaction chamber, the autothermal reforming reaction chamber conveys hydrogen-containing reformed gas to the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber conveys high-temperature tail gas to the steam reformer module; the steam reformer module comprises a steam reforming water gasification chamber, a steam reforming fuel gasification chamber and a steam reforming reaction chamber, wherein the steam reforming water gasification chamber conveys steam to the steam reforming reaction chamber, the steam reforming fuel gasification chamber conveys fuel gas to the steam reforming reaction chamber, the steam reforming reaction chamber outputs steam reforming gas, and the high-temperature tail gas forms low-temperature combustion tail gas after heat exchange through the steam reformer module.

2. A reformer combining autothermal reforming and steam reforming in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the combustion chamber and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber are both provided with catalysts which are integrated in a granular or honeycomb mode or coated on the surfaces of the combustion chamber and the autothermal reforming reaction chamber.