CN216654954U - Device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste - Google Patents
Device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN216654954U CN216654954U CN202123198409.3U CN202123198409U CN216654954U CN 216654954 U CN216654954 U CN 216654954U CN 202123198409 U CN202123198409 U CN 202123198409U CN 216654954 U CN216654954 U CN 216654954U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste, which is characterized in that; the solid-water-oil separation is completed in one step by a centrifugal mode; the basic structure is as follows: the periphery of the three-phase centrifuge drum is provided with a conical liquid storage cavity, solid-liquid separation is realized by using the drum and filter cloth, and oil-water separation is realized by using the conical liquid storage cavity; liquid outlets are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall corresponding to the liquid storage cavity, and a centrifugal valve is arranged at each liquid outlet; a discharging scraper and a feeding pipe are arranged in the rotary drum; after liquid phase separation, the liquid phase is respectively concentrated in the water receiving tank and the oil receiving tank, the oil receiving tank and the water receiving tank are both annular grooves, and the bottoms of the two grooves are respectively provided with an oil outlet and a liquid outlet. The device improves the production efficiency and can achieve better solid-water-oil separation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of harmless and recycling treatment of kitchen waste, relates to a method for efficiently separating solid, water and oil phases and a special structure of a key device, is used for preprocessing the recycling utilization of the kitchen waste, and particularly relates to a device for efficiently separating three phases of kitchen waste.
Background
The existing kitchen waste separation methods are many, such as firstly adopting vacuum filtration to carry out solid-liquid separation, and then utilizing an inclined plate sedimentation mode to carry out water-oil separation; and then performing solid-liquid separation by using a centrifugal filtration method, performing demulsification sedimentation and the like. Although the above method has been applied to a certain extent in the process, it has disadvantages such as poor separation effect or low productivity in the separation step. In particular, for the separation of oil-water mixed liquid in an emulsion state, it is difficult to achieve a good separation effect by means of conventional sedimentation, inclined plate separation and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the device for efficiently separating the three phases of the kitchen waste, which improves the production efficiency and can achieve a better separation effect.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a device that is used for high-efficient three-phase separation of kitchen garbage which characterized in that: the device comprises a shock absorber, an equipment bracket, a variable frequency motor, a feeding pipe, an oil receiving groove, a water receiving groove, a centrifugal valve, a three-phase centrifuge, a discharging scraper and a scraper transverse movement driving mechanism;
the equipment support consists of supporting legs, an upper cross frame and a middle cross frame; the lower ends of the supporting legs are connected with the shock absorber; the three-phase centrifuge is connected between the upper cross frame and the middle cross frame through a central shaft and a bearing, and the lower end of the central shaft is in driving connection with the variable frequency motor through a transmission mechanism; a conical liquid storage cavity is arranged on the periphery of the three-phase centrifuge drum, liquid outlets are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall corresponding to the liquid storage cavity, a centrifugal valve is mounted at each liquid outlet, and the liquid outlets of the centrifugal valves are outwards arranged along the radial direction of the three-phase centrifuge;
the feeding pipe is fixed on the middle cross frame, and the vertical pipe part of the feeding pipe extends into the three-phase centrifuge through the lower end of the three-phase centrifuge; the discharging scraper extends into the three-phase centrifuge from the lower end of the three-phase centrifuge, and the scraper transverse movement driving mechanism is arranged at the position below the outer part of the three-phase centrifuge and is in driving connection with a cutter handle of the discharging scraper;
connect oil groove and water receiving tank to be the ring channel, be provided with oil outlet and play liquid hole respectively in the bottom in two grooves, connect oil groove and water receiving tank to be inside and outside one low one high fixed connection with one heart, the lateral surface and the equipment support fixed connection of water receiving tank, connect oil groove and water receiving tank to set up in centrifugal valve's oblique below position.
Further: the centrifugal valve mainly comprises a valve body, a valve core, a weight handle, a weight, an adjusting spring and double nuts; the valve body is internally provided with a transverse liquid passing hole and a vertical valve core mounting hole which are vertically intersected, and the valve core is provided with a radial through hole with the same size as the transverse liquid passing hole in the valve body; the valve core is hermetically arranged in the vertical valve core mounting hole in a penetrating manner, the lower external extending end of the valve core is connected with the weight handle through a rotating shaft, the lower end of the weight handle is fixed with the weight, and the upper external extending end of the valve core is sleeved with the adjusting spring and locked through double nuts; a supporting rod is fixed on the lower portion of the valve body and positioned on the outer side of the valve core to form a supporting point for triggering the centrifugal valve to open.
Further: the scraper transverse motion driving mechanism comprises a rail, a sliding block, a rail support and a driving air cylinder, the rail support is fixed at the upper end of the middle cross frame, the rail is fixed at the upper end of the rail support, the sliding block is installed on the rail along the radial sliding direction of the three-phase centrifugal machine, the upper end of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a cutter handle of an unloading scraper, the driving air cylinder is fixedly installed above the rail support, and a cylinder rod of the driving air cylinder is connected with the cutter handle of the unloading scraper.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the utility model adopts the variable frequency motor to drive the three-phase centrifuge, under the condition of frequency modulation to medium rotating speed, can realize the separation of solid and liquid, separate oil from water and temporarily store the oil in the liquid storage cavity, at the moment, the centrifugal valve is in a closed state, under the condition of frequency modulation to low rotation speed, the solid material left in the rotary drum can be scraped off by matching with the movement of the discharging scraper and discharged from the lower port of the three-phase centrifuge, under the condition that the frequency is modulated to a high rotating speed, the discharging valve is automatically opened under the action of centrifugal force, separation of oil and water after oil and water are discharged is realized by utilizing different viscosities of the oil and the water, the water and the oil are respectively thrown into the water receiving tank and the oil receiving tank, the separation of the oil and the water is realized, the whole process is carried out under the condition that the three centrifuges do not stop running, the circulating operation of feeding and discharging is completed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and better solid-water-oil three-phase separation efficiency is achieved.
2. The liquid storage cavity is designed by adopting a conical special mechanism, so that the centrifugal separation of liquid phase is realized, and compared with other separation means, the centrifugal separation device has the advantages of good separation effect and high separation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a three-phase centrifuge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the three-phase centrifuge of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal valve of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the oil and water receiving tanks of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a top view of the oil and water receiving tanks of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive.
A device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste is disclosed, please refer to fig. 1-6, and the utility model points are as follows: the device comprises a shock absorber 1, an equipment support 2, a variable frequency motor 3, a feeding pipe 4, an oil receiving tank 5, a water receiving tank 6, a centrifugal valve 7, a three-phase centrifuge 8, a discharging scraper 9 and a scraper transverse motion driving mechanism.
The three-phase centrifuge is a key device for realizing solid-water-oil three-phase separation, and the variable frequency motor is a driving device for the centrifuge and can conveniently change the rotating speed of the centrifuge by adjusting the frequency. The discharging scraper is a discharging part of the separated solid material. The centrifugal valve is a discharge part for separating oil phase and water phase. The function of the shock absorber is to reduce the mechanical shock of the centrifugal operation of the apparatus. The oil receiving tank is a temporary storage tank after oil phase separation, and the water receiving tank is a temporary storage tank after water phase separation; the scraper transverse motion driving mechanism is a component for fixing the scraper and making the scraper translate back and forth.
The structure and the connection relation of the parts are as follows:
the equipment support consists of supporting legs, an upper cross frame and a middle cross frame; the lower ends of the supporting legs are connected with the shock absorber; the three-phase centrifuge is connected between the upper transverse frame and the middle transverse frame through a central shaft and a bearing, and the lower end of the central shaft is in driving connection with the variable frequency motor through a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism can adopt but is not limited to a belt transmission mechanism shown in the attached drawings. The variable frequency motor is directly fixed below the middle cross beam. The periphery of three-phase centrifuge rotary drum is provided with conical shape's liquid chamber of depositing, and the symmetry is provided with the liquid outlet on the lateral wall that the liquid chamber of depositing corresponds, all installs a centrifugal valve in every liquid outlet position, and the liquid outlet of centrifugal valve sets up along three-phase centrifuge's radial outwards.
The feeding pipe is fixed on the middle cross frame, the vertical pipe part of the feeding pipe extends into the three-phase centrifuge through the lower end of the three-phase centrifuge, and the discharging direction of the feeding pipe faces the rotary drum, so that feeding is directly sprayed on the rotary drum. The scraper of unloading stretches into in the three-phase separating centrifuge and is vertical setting from three-phase centrifuge's lower extreme, scraper transverse motion actuating mechanism sets up in three-phase centrifuge's outside below position and is connected with the handle of a knife drive of the scraper of unloading to the drive is unloaded the scraper and is close to or keeps away from the rotary drum.
The oil receiving groove and the water receiving groove are both annular square grooves, and the bottom of each of the two grooves is provided with an oil outlet 5.1 and a liquid outlet 6.1 respectively. Connect oil groove and water receiving tank to be inside and outside one concentric one low one high fixed connection, the lateral surface and the equipment landing leg fixed connection of water receiving tank, connect oil groove and water receiving tank to set up in centrifugal valve's oblique below position.
The three-phase centrifuge mainly comprises a central shaft 8-8 parts, a rotary drum 8-5 parts, filter cloth 8-4 parts, an upper cover 8-7 parts and a liquid storage cavity shell 8-10 parts. The rotary drum and the central shaft are fixedly connected with the upper cover through rib plates I8-6 and rib plates II 8-9 respectively. Small holes are uniformly distributed on the rotary drum, and the filter cloth is sleeved outside the rotary drum. The liquid storage cavity shell is a conical annular shell, the lower portion of the conical annular shell is provided with a liquid guide conical surface 8-1, the liquid storage cavity shell is fixedly welded with the outer side face of the rotary drum, and a liquid storage cavity 8-3 is formed inside the liquid storage cavity shell. The liquid outlet 8-2 is arranged on the wall of the liquid storage cavity shell corresponding to the lowest part of the liquid outlet cavity.
The liquid guide conical surface has the function of guiding and flowing a liquid phase to the liquid storage cavity by means of centrifugal force, the wall surfaces on two sides of the liquid storage cavity are conical, and the separated liquid phase is temporarily stored in the liquid cavity and is subjected to oil-water layering under the action of centrifugal force. The filter cloth is fastened on the wall of the rotary drum with the small holes, and the solid-liquid separation is realized by centrifugal filtration under the action of centrifugal force. Rib plate I is the reinforcing plate between centrifuge upper cover and the rotary drum, and rib plate II is the reinforcing plate between center pin and the upper cover, plays the reinforced connection effect. Two or more than two liquid outlets are symmetrically distributed.
The centrifugal valve mainly comprises a valve body 7-3, a valve core 7-7, a weight handle 7-9, a weight 7-1, an adjusting spring 7-5 and double nuts 7-6. The valve body is internally provided with a transverse liquid passing hole and a vertical valve core mounting hole which are vertically crossed, and the valve core is provided with a radial through hole with the same size as the transverse liquid passing hole in the valve body. The valve core is arranged in a vertical valve core mounting hole in a penetrating manner through an upper sealing ring 7-4 and a lower sealing ring 7-4, the lower extending end of the valve core is connected with the weight handle through a rotating shaft 7-8, the lower end of the weight handle is fixed with the heavy hammer, and the upper extending end of the valve core is sleeved with the adjusting spring and locked through double nuts; a supporting rod is fixed at the lower part of the valve body and positioned at the outer side of the valve core to form a fulcrum 7-2 for triggering the centrifugal valve to open.
The weight hammer rotates around the rotating shaft under the action of centrifugal force, the valve core is pulled down after the hammer handle props against the fulcrum, the transverse liquid passing hole in the valve body is communicated with the radial through hole in the valve core, the valve is opened, oil and water are respectively brushed and dripped into the oil receiving groove and the water receiving groove, and the oil and water are separated. The adjusting spring is used for adjusting the tension when the valve core moves.
The scraper transverse motion driving mechanism comprises a rail 12, a slider 10, a rail support 13 and a driving air cylinder 11, the rail support is fixed at the upper end of the middle cross frame, the rail is fixed at the upper end of the rail support, the slider is installed on the rail along the radial sliding of the three-phase centrifugal machine, the upper end of the slider is fixedly connected with a cutter handle of an unloading scraper, the driving air cylinder is fixedly installed above the rail support, and a cylinder rod of the driving air cylinder is connected with the cutter handle of the unloading scraper.
The separation principle and the process of the device for high-efficiency three-phase separation of the kitchen waste are as follows:
the separation principle is as follows:
the separation principle that this patent was based on the different and three-phase separation of the viscosity of the different and fluid of phase state of three kinds of materials density. Specifically, the liquid phase (water and oil) and the solid phase are separated by centrifugal filtration, the water and the oil are separated under the action of centrifugation, the water with high density moves to the bottom of the conical liquid storage cavity and the oil phase moves to the upper layer in the conical liquid storage cavity due to the difference of centrifugal force generated by the difference of density, and thus layering is realized. In the process of liquid phase discharging, because the viscosity of oil and water is different, different flow resistances are formed when the oil and water flow through the liquid storage cavity, the discharging valve and the related discharging pipeline, and finally the oil and water are thrown out at different distances after leaving the centrifugal machine. The viscosity of the water is low and therefore the distance thrown out during the free fall after leaving the centrifuge is long. And the oil with higher viscosity is thrown out in a short distance and falls into different material receiving grooves.
The process comprises the following steps:
starting the centrifuge, and adjusting the frequency to a medium rotating speed. Under the action of a pump (such as a diaphragm pump or a slurry pump and the like, which can convey semifluid and the like) or pressure (such as compressed air), kitchen waste enters a centrifuge through a feeding pipe, solid-liquid separation is realized by centrifugal force, wherein solid materials are blocked on the inner wall surface of a centrifuge drum by filter cloth and filter cakes, and liquid components enter the outer side of the drum through small holes in the filter cloth and the drum wall and enter a liquid storage cavity under the action of a guide conical surface. The liquid phase entering the liquid storage cavity is layered under the action of centrifugal force, water with higher density is arranged at the lower layer, and oil with lower density is arranged at the upper layer. The centrifugal valve is now in a closed state.
The rotation speed of the rotary drum is reduced to low speed by frequency modulation, the discharging scraper moves towards the wall of the rotary drum under the action of the air cylinder, and the solid material is stripped from the filter cloth and discharged from the lower opening of the centrifuge. After the solid material is unloaded, the scraper of unloading leaves the rotary drum and resets under the effect of cylinder.
And (3) increasing the rotating speed to a high speed by frequency modulation, increasing the centrifugal force of the discharge valve, and moving the valve core downwards and opening the valve when the downward pulling force of the heavy hammer is greater than the spring force by the centrifugal force. The water phase is firstly thrown out of the centrifuge, falls into the water receiving tank after freely falling, and is discharged through the liquid outlet hole. The oil phase falls into the oil receiving groove and is discharged through the liquid outlet hole.
Centrifugal valve symmetric arrangement in this patent is on centrifuge's liquid phase discharge gate, and the effect of adjusting spring on the bleeder valve is that to carry out slight regulation to the case atress, makes two centrifugal valves as far as possible synchronous or close synchronous opening, reduces eccentric power or reduces eccentric pivoted time.
The process can continue to feed after one cycle of operation, and is therefore a continuous process of separation operation.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the utility model and the scope of the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the utility model is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a device that is used for high-efficient three-phase separation of kitchen garbage which characterized in that: the device comprises a shock absorber, an equipment bracket, a variable frequency motor, a feeding pipe, an oil receiving groove, a water receiving groove, a centrifugal valve, a three-phase centrifuge, a discharging scraper and a scraper transverse movement driving mechanism;
the equipment support consists of supporting legs, an upper cross frame and a middle cross frame; the lower ends of the supporting legs are connected with the shock absorber; the three-phase centrifuge is connected between the upper transverse frame and the middle transverse frame through a central shaft and a bearing, and the lower end of the central shaft is in driving connection with the variable frequency motor through a transmission mechanism; a conical liquid storage cavity is arranged on the periphery of the three-phase centrifuge drum, liquid outlets are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall corresponding to the liquid storage cavity, a centrifugal valve is mounted at each liquid outlet, and the liquid outlets of the centrifugal valves are outwards arranged along the radial direction of the three-phase centrifuge;
the feeding pipe extends into the three-phase centrifuge through the lower end of the three-phase centrifuge; the discharging scraper extends into the three-phase centrifuge from the lower end of the three-phase centrifuge, and the scraper transverse movement driving mechanism is arranged at the position below the outer part of the three-phase centrifuge and is in driving connection with a cutter handle of the discharging scraper;
connect oil groove and water receiving tank to be the ring channel, be provided with oil outlet and play liquid hole respectively in the bottom in two grooves, connect oil groove and water receiving tank to be inside and outside one low one high fixed connection with one heart, the lateral surface and the equipment support fixed connection of water receiving tank, connect oil groove and water receiving tank to set up in centrifugal valve's oblique below position.
2. The device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centrifugal valve mainly comprises a valve body, a valve core, a weight handle, a weight, an adjusting spring and double nuts; the valve body is internally provided with a transverse liquid passing hole and a vertical valve core mounting hole which are vertically intersected, and the valve core is provided with a radial through hole with the same size as the transverse liquid passing hole in the valve body; the valve core is hermetically arranged in the vertical valve core mounting hole in a penetrating manner, the lower external extending end of the valve core is connected with the weight handle through a rotating shaft, the lower end of the weight handle is fixed with the weight, and the upper external extending end of the valve core is sleeved with the adjusting spring and locked through double nuts; a supporting rod is fixed on the lower portion of the valve body and positioned on the outer side of the valve core to form a supporting point for triggering the centrifugal valve to open.
3. The device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scraper transverse motion driving mechanism comprises a rail, a sliding block, a rail support and a driving air cylinder, the rail support is fixed at the upper end of the middle cross frame, the rail is fixed at the upper end of the rail support, the sliding block is installed on the rail along the radial sliding direction of the three-phase centrifugal machine, the upper end of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a cutter handle of an unloading scraper, the driving air cylinder is fixedly installed above the rail support, and a cylinder rod of the driving air cylinder is connected with the cutter handle of the unloading scraper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123198409.3U CN216654954U (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123198409.3U CN216654954U (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216654954U true CN216654954U (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123198409.3U Active CN216654954U (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Device for efficient three-phase separation of kitchen waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216654954U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202123198409.3U patent/CN216654954U/en active Active
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