CN105944844A - Dehydration method and device of vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator - Google Patents

Abstract

A dehydration method and device for a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator. The dehydrator includes a casing, a material inlet, a conveying device, a spiral scraper, a screen, and a centrifugal liquid outlet. A vacuum device is also provided on the dehydrator. The vacuum pump The device is connected with the centrifugal liquid outlet; a sealing device is arranged in the dehydrator, which can seal the dehydrator. The raw material to be dehydrated is transferred to the rotating screen by a conveying device for centrifugal dehydration, and a vacuum device is used to evacuate the dehydrator at the same time as the centrifugal dehydration. The combination of mesh gaps to reduce the intercepted particle size can increase the effect of vacuuming and dehydration and reduce the loss of fine-grained ore slurry or coal slurry, and realize the dehydration of fine-grained raw materials on the centrifugal dehydrator.

Description

A dehydration method and device for a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator

technical field

The invention relates to a filter centrifugal dehydrator, in particular to a centrifugal dehydrator with a vacuum device.

Background technique

In mineral processing and other industries, a large amount of fine ore powder is produced through crushing and grinding of minerals, and a large amount of ore pulp is produced through dense medium and flotation processes, so the ore pulp needs to be dehydrated.

The invention relates to a terminal dehydrator used for flotation of clean coal, medium coal, tailing coal, primary coal slime, cyclone underflow and pipeline transportation coal. At present, domestic coal preparation plants mostly adopt two methods when dealing with fine coal slime of 0.005~1.3mm, instead of using centrifugal dehydrator:

1. Vacuum filter. Although the machine has high filtration strength, the water content of the filter cake is poor, the quality of the filtrate is not high, the price is expensive, the structure is large, the area is large, the feeding conditions must be stable, the requirements for vacuum sealing are high, and the maintenance is complicated.

2. Box filter press. Although this machine has high filtration strength, low filter cake moisture, and good filtrate quality, it is expensive, has a large structure, occupies a large area, has a long processing cycle, cannot continue production, and is complicated to maintain.

The following patents are found to be similar to the present invention through domestic search:

The application number is CN201320134647.4, and the invention named "a subsidence type dredging sludge centrifugal dewatering machine" discloses a subsidence type dredging sludge centrifugal dewatering machine, which is composed of a transmission wheel, a frame, a front cone outer cylinder, a center Composed of rotating shaft, material injection port, rear rotating shaft, backflow liquid port, mud feeding nozzle, separating liquid discharge port, spiral blade, machine body, mud cake discharge port, machine legs, filter residue extrusion port, and front rotating shaft; There is a spray port at the connection between the central rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft, which can effectively spray the dredged mud to the wall of the front cone-shaped outer cylinder, so as to facilitate the settlement of solid particles in the mud on the wall. The front rotary shaft, the central rotary shaft, and the external helical blades of the rear rotary shaft can push the solid particles settled on the wall of the front cone-shaped outer cylinder to the front-end filter residue extrusion port of the front cone-shaped outer cylinder. , Extruded into mud and discharged under the action of centrifugal force and extrusion force, it has the advantages of large amount of dredged sludge, fast processing speed and low production cost.

The application number is 201410136554.4, and the invention named "vertical sedimentation centrifugal dehydrator" is a vertical sedimentation centrifugal dehydrator, which belongs to the centrifugal solid-liquid separation mechanical equipment, which includes: the motor drives the upper and lower separation chambers at high speed through the pulley and the bearing chamber. It rotates horizontally. There are upper and lower material distribution pipes in the upper and lower separation chambers, and upper and lower electromagnetic valve discharge ports are arranged at one end of the upper and lower separation chambers. The conductive slip ring provides control power for the discharge ports of the upper and lower solenoid valves. A feed inlet, a feed pipe and a liquid overflow pipe are arranged on the top of the upper separation chamber. The suspension enters the upper and lower separation chambers through the feed inlet, the feed pipe and the upper and lower distribution pipes, and is separated by two stages of centrifugation. The solid material passes through the discharge port of the upper and lower electromagnetic valves and then flows from the solid discharge tank to the solid discharge. The clarified liquid material is discharged from the water outlet through the liquid overflow pipe and the water tank. This invention achieves the purpose of high-efficiency solid-liquid separation. The equipment has the advantages of automatic control, stable operation, low cost, low energy consumption, large processing capacity, durable equipment, and advanced technical indicators.

The application number is 200720084085.1, and the invention named "Vertical Continuous Centrifugal Dehydrator" is a vertical continuous centrifugal dehydrator, including a frame. There is a grit collection hopper, which is connected with a bottom plate at the end of the main shaft. The bottom plate is equipped with a separator assembly that can rotate with the main shaft. A feeder is installed on the upper part of the separator assembly. The lower part of the bucket is connected with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe protrudes from the bottom outlet of the collecting bucket; the separator assembly includes several separation chambers fixed on the aforementioned bottom plate and arranged in a regular polygonal or circular shape along the bottom plate, and installed on the The distributor in the space formed by the above-mentioned several separation chambers; this invention has a simple structure, can separate finer materials, has large processing capacity, low energy consumption, and can achieve solid-liquid separation at a relatively low speed, which is suitable for the concentration of mineral processing products in mineral processing plants Dehydration can also be used for sewage treatment.

Although the above patents are all dehydrators, their functions and principles are similar, but there is no vacuum device in their structure, and negative pressure cannot be formed, so the dehydration effect will be limited to a certain extent. And there is no mention of the slits of the screen, the sealing ring, etc. to improve the vacuuming effect, thereby improving the structure and method of the dehydration effect, so it is quite different from the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the situation that the moisture content of the minerals after the dehydration of the current dehydrator is still high, the equipment is super large, the energy consumption is high, and the efficiency is low, a dehydrator with strong adaptability, good dehydration effect, and occupying an area is proposed. Small space, low-cost, high-efficiency and energy-saving ultra-fine mineral processing and dehydration equipment for continuous production.

Aiming at the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator, which uses a transmission device to transmit the raw materials to be dehydrated to a rotating screen for centrifugal dehydration, and uses The vacuum device vacuumizes the dehydrator to improve the dehydration effect.

Further, using a vacuum device to vacuumize the dehydrator refers to: providing a centrifugal liquid outlet on the dehydrator, setting a vacuum conduit at the centrifugal liquid outlet, connecting the vacuum pump and the centrifugal liquid outlet through a vacuum conduit, and starting the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump can vacuumize the centrifuge outlet.

Further, a sealing device is also used to seal the inside of the dehydrator, and by adjusting the screen gap and the cone angle of the screen, the vacuuming effect and dehydration effect are improved, the intercepted particle size is reduced, and the centrifuge can only be used for coarse particles. dehydration, to achieve dehydration of fine particle raw materials on the centrifugal dehydrator.

Further, by adjusting the sieve gap, the adhesion particle size strength and the amount of the raw material on the sieve are adjusted, thereby adjusting the negative pressure strength formed at the outlet of the centrifuge during vacuuming to improve the dehydration effect. The sieve gap is 0.05 mm-0.5mm.

Further, by adjusting the cone angle of the screen, the attachment time of the raw material on the screen is adjusted, thereby improving the dehydration effect of the raw material, and the cone angle of the screen is 15-30 degrees.

Further, using a sealing device to seal the inside of the dehydrator to improve the effect of vacuuming refers to: using a sealing ring to seal the two ends of the screen, so that the air in the screen will not flow through the two ends of the screen to the vacuum. device, thereby improving the vacuuming effect and dehydration effect.

A dehydration device for a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator. The dehydrator includes a casing, a material inlet, a conveying device, a spiral scraper, a screen, and a centrifugal liquid outlet. A vacuum device is also provided on the dehydrator. The vacuum device and The centrifuge outlet is connected; there is a sealing device inside the dehydrator, which can seal the dehydrator.

Further, the connection between the vacuuming device and the outlet of the centrate is that a vacuum pump is provided outside the dehydrator, and a conduit is communicated between the vacuum pump and the outlet of the centrate.

Further, setting the sealing device in the dehydrator is to install sealing rings at both ends of the screen of the dehydrator to seal the two ends of the screen of the dehydrator.

Further, the gap of the screen in the dehydrator is 0.05mm-0.5mm, and the cone angle of the screen is 15-30 degrees.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Connect the vacuum pump and the centrifugal liquid outlet through a vacuum conduit, start the vacuum pump, so that the vacuum pump can vacuum the centrifugal liquid outlet, thereby enhancing the dehydration effect.

2. Use a sieve with a gap of 0.05mm-0.5mm and a cone angle of 15-30 degrees to increase the adhesion particle size strength and amount of raw materials on the sieve, thereby increasing the effect of vacuuming and reducing the loss of fine particle raw materials.

3. The two ends of the screen are sealed with sealing rings, so that the air in the screen will not flow into the vacuum device through the two ends of the screen, thereby improving the effect of vacuuming.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment two;

In the figure: 1 material inlet, 2 sealing ring, 3 casing, 4 screen, 5 spiral scraper, 6 centrifugal liquid outlet, 7 conduit, 8 vacuum pump.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:

Embodiment one

As shown in FIG. 1 , the dehydrator includes a casing 3 , a material inlet 1 , a spiral scraper 5 , a screen 4 and a centrifuge outlet 6 . The centrifugal dehydrator is a vertical dehydrator, the feed inlet 1 is above the dehydrator, the screen 4 and the spiral scraper 5 rotate around the vertical direction, and the ore slurry or coal slurry is poured into the feed inlet 1 from above the dehydrator. After dehydration, it will flow out from the bottom of the dehydrator.

After the ore slurry or coal slurry is poured into the feed port 1, the ore slurry or coal slurry will be transferred to the rotating screen 4, and the screen 4 can be rotated after starting the motor, so that the ore slurry or coal slurry in the screen 4 will be processed Centrifuge to dehydrate. The dehydrated ore slurry or coal slurry is discharged from the outlet, and the water in the ore slurry or coal slurry will enter the centrifuge outlet 6 through the screen 4 under the action of centrifugal dehydration.

In order to reduce the water content in the ore slurry or coal slurry, a vacuum pump 8 is provided on the outside of the dehydrator, and a vacuum conduit 7 is provided at the centrifugal liquid outlet 6, and the vacuum pump 8 and the centrifugal liquid outlet 6 are connected through the vacuum conduit 7 to start the vacuum pump 8, so that the vacuum pump 8 can vacuumize the centrifuge outlet 6. The centrifugal liquid outlet 6 is in contact with one side of the screen 4, and the other side of the screen 4 is attached with raw materials to be dehydrated. When the vacuum pump 8 vacuumizes the centrifugal liquid outlet 6, a Negative pressure.

After negative pressure is formed on the outside of the screen 4, the dehydration effect can be further enhanced and the water content in the ore slurry or coal slurry can be reduced. However, the gap between the two ends of the screen 4 will affect the negative pressure on the outside of the screen 4 .

In order to increase the negative pressure strength on the outside of the screen 4, the two ends of the screen 4 are sealed with a sealing ring 2, so that the air in the screen 4 will not flow into the vacuum device through the two ends of the screen 4, thereby improving the The above negative pressure strength and improve the effect of vacuuming and dehydration.

In addition, the smaller the sieve 4 slit, the less the ultrafine particle slurries or coal slurry will pass through the sieve 4 slit and flow to the centrifugal liquid outlet 6 when the ore slurry or coal slurry is centrifugally filtered and vacuumized. That is to say, the smaller the gap of the screen 4, the smaller the retained particle size. Therefore, the gap of the screen 4 is small enough to dehydrate the ultrafine particle slurry or coal slurry of 0.05-1.5 mm. In this embodiment, the gap of the screen 4 is preferably 0.1 mm-0.5 mm.

By adjusting the cone angle of the screen 4, the attachment time of raw materials on the screen 4 can be adjusted, thereby increasing the dehydration time of the ore slurry or coal slurry, and further improving the dehydration effect of the ore slurry or coal slurry. In this embodiment, the cone angle of the screen 4 is preferably 15-30 degrees.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 2, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the centrifugal dehydrator in this embodiment is a horizontal dehydrator, the feed inlet 1 is on one side of the dehydrator, and the screen 4 and the spiral scraper 5 are all wound horizontally. When the direction is turned, the ore slurry or coal slurry is poured into the feed port 1 from one side of the dehydrator, and will move out from the other side of the dehydrator after dehydration.

In addition, in this embodiment, the position and structure of components such as the centrifugal liquid outlet 6, the conduit 7, and the spiral scraper 5 are also different from the first embodiment, but the principle and method of vacuuming and enhancing the dehydration effect are similar.

Obviously, on the premise of not departing from the principle of the present invention, any improvement or modification should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A dehydration method for a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator, using a transmission device to transmit the raw materials to be dehydrated to the rotating screen (4) for centrifugal dehydration, characterized in that a vacuum device is also used during centrifugal dehydration. The dehydrator is vacuumed to improve the effect of dehydration. 2. The dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, using a vacuum device to vacuumize the dehydrator means: a centrifugal liquid outlet (6) is provided on the dehydrator, and A vacuum conduit (7) is set at the centrifugal liquid outlet (6), and the vacuum pump (8) is connected with the centrifugal liquid outlet (6) through the vacuum conduit (7), and the vacuum pump (8) is started, so that the vacuum pump (8) can Vacuumize the liquid outlet (6). 3. The dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 2, characterized in that a sealing device is used to seal the inside of the dehydrator, and by adjusting the gap of the screen (4) and adjusting the screen (4) ) cone angle to improve the vacuuming effect and dehydration effect, reduce the intercepted particle size, and realize the dehydration of fine particle raw materials on the centrifugal dehydrator. 4. The dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 3, characterized in that, by adjusting the gap of the screen (4), the particle size and the adhesion of the raw material on the screen (4) are adjusted. amount, so as to adjust the negative pressure strength formed at the centrifuge outlet (6) during vacuuming to improve the dehydration effect, and the gap of the screen (4) is 0.05mm-0.5mm. 5. The dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 3, characterized in that the attachment time of raw materials on the screen (4) is adjusted by adjusting the cone angle of the screen (4), so that To improve the dehydration effect of raw materials, the cone angle of the screen (4) is 15-30 degrees. 6. The dehydration method of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 3, characterized in that a sealing device is used to seal the inside of the dehydrator, and improving the effect of vacuuming refers to: using a sealing ring (2) to seal the sieve The two ends of the net (4) are sealed so that the air in the screen (4) will not flow into the vacuuming device through the two ends of the screen (4), thereby improving the vacuuming effect and the dehydration effect. 7. A dehydration device for a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator, the dehydrator includes a casing (3), a material inlet (1), a conveying device, a spiral scraper (5), a screen (4) and a centrifugal liquid outlet (6) , is characterized in that a vacuum device is also provided on the dehydrator, and the vacuum device is connected to the centrifugal liquid outlet (6); a sealing device is provided in the dehydrator to seal the dehydrator. 8. The dehydration device of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 7, characterized in that the connection between the vacuum device and the centrifuge outlet (6) is to install a vacuum pump (8) on the outside of the dehydrator, and the vacuum pump ( 8) It communicates with the centrifugal liquid outlet (6) through a conduit (7). 9. The dehydration device of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 7, characterized in that the sealing device in the dehydrator is provided with sealing rings (2) at both ends of the screen (4) of the dehydrator, Seal both ends of the screen (4) of the dehydrator. 10. The dehydration device of a vacuum filtration centrifugal dehydrator according to claim 9, characterized in that the gap of the screen (4) in the dehydrator is 0.05mm-0.5mm, and the cone angle of the screen (4) 15-30 degrees.