CN216648365U - Graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery - Google Patents
Graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN216648365U CN216648365U CN202123116757.1U CN202123116757U CN216648365U CN 216648365 U CN216648365 U CN 216648365U CN 202123116757 U CN202123116757 U CN 202123116757U CN 216648365 U CN216648365 U CN 216648365U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue mobile power supplies, and particularly relates to a graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery which adopts graphene/cuprous chloride as a cathode, adds an inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium as an anode, takes water as an electrolytic agent, takes chloride ions released by the cathode as an electrolyte to generate an electrolyte, is used as a medium for ionic charge flowing between the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium anode, and generates oxidation reaction characteristic and cathode electron gain and generates catalytic reduction reaction to generate current by adding the inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium anode to lose electrons; graphene is compounded in a cathode structure, so that a cathode reaches an electrode potential with a positive voltage of +3.7V, and a larger potential difference is formed with an electrode potential with a negative voltage of-0.24V plus an inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode, and the flow speed and the electron transfer speed of ionic charges between the anode and the cathode are effectively accelerated.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue mobile power supplies, and particularly relates to a graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery which can provide a mobile power supply for rescue equipment in whole water areas of rivers, lakes and seas.
The background art comprises the following steps:
a water emergency rescue equipment mobile power supply is basic and key equipment for supporting intellectualization and informatization of water emergency rescue equipment, directly influences the applicability, timeliness and effectiveness of the rescue equipment, along with the high-speed expansion of water traffic transportation industry and air routes, ocean-crossing routes are spread all over the world, cross Eurasia, Lame, longitudinal to south and north poles, ocean scientific research, offshore engineering and underwater resource development and production activities are continuously expanded and extended, and extend from inshore to oceanic, from nearshore to river water systems, ships, water work platforms and hydraulic work activities are involved in wide water areas of rivers and lakes, and marine accidents, hydraulic accidents and air accidents of ships are likely to occur in any water areas, the method has the advantages that new requirements are provided for the applicable water area of the water emergency rescue equipment, the water emergency rescue equipment can only adapt to the water rescue equipment used in the sea or inland water area, and the increasingly expanded water rescue task requirements cannot be met; particularly, with the improvement of a global networked emergency rescue system, specific requirements are provided for the intelligent and information construction of overwater emergency rescue equipment; a global maritime emergency rescue network consisting of a global maritime distress and safety system GMDSS (Gaussian distribution system) which is mainly established by International Maritime Organization (IMO), INMARSAT (maritime satellite communication system) mainly based on satellite communication, COS-PAS/SARSAT (polar orbit satellite search and rescue system) and inland river and ground radio communication systems is established and provides user service for the whole world, when ships, water operation platforms and planes which are operated in navigation at sea, rivers and lakes are in air crash, rapid water emergency rescue service can be obtained, the intelligentization and informatization level of the water emergency rescue equipment can be greatly developed, some technical bottlenecks are highlighted, particularly mobile power supplies of the water emergency rescue equipment are supported, the technical requirements of the intelligent and information rescue equipment are far away, and the intelligentization and informatization development of the water emergency rescue equipment is seriously stopped, the applicability, the timeliness and the effectiveness of the water emergency rescue equipment in emergency rescue use are directly influenced, the water life saving equipment and the help seeking equipment which are necessary for ships, airplanes and water operation platforms have larger difference on the applicability to water areas and the effectiveness of emergency use, the time effectiveness and the effectiveness of emergency use are seriously influenced by the limitation and the functional technical defects of the water areas of the mobile power supply which is applicable to the emergency rescue equipment based on the global marine emergency rescue network system, such as an EPIRB position indicator based on the global marine distress & safety system GMDSS, a Beidou RDSS beacon based on the global distress & safety system CWDSS, a position indicator which can send out electric signal display, a position indicating lamp of a light display position, and the like, and the water emergency rescue equipment power supplies such as a life raft, a life boat and the like which are provided with corresponding emergency communication and position display equipment on the ship are all powered by lithium batteries or seawater batteries, some intolerable defects are gradually discovered in use, the lithium battery is easy to generate electrochemical performance decay after being stored for a long time, so that the reliability is poor, the phenomena of insufficient electric quantity and incapability of recharging occur, particularly, the weather resistance is poor, the high-temperature environment is easy to deform and even the shell cracks, the reactivity in the low-temperature environment is sharply reduced, the rated discharge power cannot be reached, and the lithium battery cannot be used; the daily maintenance is complicated, the additional workload is large, the charging and discharging maintenance is required once every 3 months, and some sealing devices cannot be maintained in the service life, so that hidden dangers are left; the most outstanding problem is that the potential safety hazard is large, corrosive substances overflow from the high-power lithium battery, flammable and explosive acid gas is separated out, equipment is damaged if the equipment is light, and explosion can occur if the equipment is serious, and the high-power lithium battery is listed in dangerous goods management by many countries and becomes one of the reasons that the use of the lithium battery is rejected as much as possible by ship-borne and airplane lifesaving equipment. The technical defects of the seawater battery mainly include limited applicable water area, low specific energy, large volume, slow activation and overlong initial low-voltage time period: the seawater battery is only suitable for ocean scenes and has strict requirements on water quality, the seawater battery can effectively reflect and output rated power electric energy only in seawater which meets the requirements that chloride ions Cl < - > 3.5% and water dissolved oxygen DO is more than or equal to 5PPm, working conditions can be lost in river fresh water areas and river sea-entering intersected chlorine-poor or oxygen-poor water areas, the rated power electric energy cannot be output, the use scenes of carrier lifesaving equipment are severely limited, and the requirements of international maritime affair SOLAS convention and IMO standard on the adaptation of the lifesaving equipment to the water areas are contradicted; the specific energy of the seawater battery is only about 100-; the activation time of the seawater battery is about 60-120s, the seawater battery can reach the rated voltage after 50-70min in the period of 70-85% of the rated voltage initially, and when the seawater battery is used as a beacon or a position indication beacon power supply, the carrier help-seeking information can be sent out after 50-70min when a marine disaster occurs, and the rescue opportunity is seriously delayed; in addition, the seawater battery water inlet hole is usually sealed by a plug, and the plug must be pulled out manually when the seawater battery water inlet hole is used, so that seawater enters the electrode cavity to activate the battery, but the seawater battery water inlet hole is easy to forget in confusion or the plug cannot be pulled out in time when a marine accident happens, irrecoverable mischief is caused, and if the plug can be automatically opened, the effect of achieving half the effort is achieved. Therefore, a high-efficiency flashing battery which is convenient and fast to use and suitable for being used in water areas of rivers, lakes and seas is sought to be designed so as to support intelligent and information-based construction of on-water emergency rescue equipment. The term "flooded cell" is based on the location of the applicability and functionality of the cell, and "flooded" refers to a wide range of water, which is a medium that satisfies the reaction (working) conditions of the cell, including seawater and fresh water, as well as rainwater, marsh water, groundwater, snow-dissolved water, tap water, purified water, and the like; the universal battery pursues technical indexes of wide applicability, high specific energy, quick rated power, long power supply time, safety, environmental protection and convenient and reliable use; the technology location of the flashing battery aims at the requirements of generalized emergency equipment, such as monitoring alarm of mine water-permeable accidents and emergency drainage illumination, and can be used as a power supply of lifeboats, rafts, underwater robots, underwater vehicles and the like, and also can be used as an emergency power supply for outdoor activities to ask for the functionality and the practicability of the battery.
Graphene (Graphene) is a polymer formed from carbon atoms with SP2The specific surface area of the hexagonal honeycomb-lattice planar film consisting of the hybrid tracks is 2630m2In terms of/g, the thickness is only 0.335 nm. Graphene is the two-dimensional material with the most outstanding known electrochemical performance, and the electron mobility is 200000cm2(v.s) is the electron mobility in single-crystal silicon (1400 cm)2V.s) is more than 150 times, the moving speed of electrons in the graphene can reach 1/300 (300000 km/s) of the light speed, and the conductivity can reach 108S/m, 1/300 for light speed, 1.7X 10 for copper6The electron mobility is not affected by temperature basically; researches show that the graphene can adsorb and desorb various atoms, molecules and ions and has good catalytic performance, such as nitrogen dioxide NO2NH, ammonia gas3Potassium ion K+Isoadsorbates as donors or acceptors lead to an increase in carrier concentration; also has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, good compatibility, stable structure and the like. The outstanding electrochemical performance of graphene is the best material for the cathode of the flooded battery.
Magnesium is an extremely active light alkaline earth metal material, the electrode potential is-0.24V, the material is relatively negative, the theoretical energy density can reach 800Wh/kg, the material has the characteristics of volatile electrons in a solution and oxidation reaction, and the material has extremely high reactivity by adopting simple substance magnesium as an anode material, and has the prominent defects of high self-corrosion rate, large energy loss and short power supply time; the inerting magnesium alloy material is an alloy material compounded by magnesium, aluminum and zinc, maintains the basic electrochemical characteristics of magnesium, effectively slows down the self-corrosion rate, is an anode material commonly adopted by seawater batteries, can effectively prolong the power supply time of the batteries, and has the defects that: the battery is activated slowly, and the initial low-voltage period is too long, which is a defect that the power supply of the water emergency rescue equipment cannot tolerate.
The graphene-magnesium seawater battery device disclosed in chinese patent 201710191975.0 is composed of 1-n groups of graphene-magnesium seawater battery cells, and the main structure of the graphene-magnesium seawater battery cells includes a casing, an upper water permeable hole, a bottom water permeable hole, a convex cone, a magnesium alloy anode plate, a negative terminal, a graphene composite cathode plate, a positive terminal, an ion-conducting grid, an inner seal cover, a terminal through hole, an outer seal cover, a wire hole, a pressure-resistant region, a negative output wire and a positive output wire; an upper water permeable hole is formed in the upper portion of a shell with a U-shaped groove structure, a bottom water permeable hole is formed in the bottom of the shell, triangular protruding cones are arranged on the upper portion and the bottom of the shell, a magnesium alloy anode plate with a rectangular plate-shaped structure is arranged at the central position inside the shell, a cylindrical negative terminal is arranged at the top end of the magnesium alloy anode plate, a rectangular plate-shaped graphene composite cathode plate is respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the magnesium alloy anode plate inside the shell, a cylindrical positive terminal is arranged at the top end of the graphene composite cathode plate, a rectangular plate-shaped guide grid is arranged between the magnesium alloy anode plate and the graphene composite cathode plate, a rectangular plate-shaped inner sealing cover is arranged at the top end of the shell, and a cylindrical terminal through hole is formed at the intersection of the inner sealing cover, the negative terminal and the positive terminal, an outer sealing cover with an inverted U-shaped groove structure is arranged at the top of the inner sealing cover, a wire hole with a circular structure is formed in the center of the top of the outer sealing cover, a pressure-resistant area is formed in the space between the inner sealing cover and the outer sealing cover, a negative output wire connected with a negative terminal and a positive output wire connected with a positive terminal penetrate out of the pressure-resistant area through the wire hole, and the two positive terminals are connected in parallel through the positive output wire; the pressure-resistant sealing treatment is carried out between the inner sealing cover and the outer sealing cover, and between the wiring terminal through hole and the wire hole by adopting hydrosol resistance; the graphene-magnesium seawater battery is manufactured by utilizing the outstanding electrical functional characteristics of graphene, taking a graphene composite material as a battery cathode, taking a magnesium alloy material as an anode and taking seawater as an electrolyte, so that the comprehensive performance of the seawater battery is greatly improved.
The utility model has the following contents:
the utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and seeks to design a graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery which has high specific energy, quick rated power reaching, long power supply time, good safety, convenient and reliable use, safety, environmental protection and long energy storage time, and a preparation method thereof, so as to be suitable for a water emergency rescue equipment mobile power supply used in the whole water area of rivers, lakes and seas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the main structure of the graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery comprises a cathode and an inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode; and the two sides of the cathode are respectively provided with an inert magnesium alloy and a simple substance magnesium anode.
The top of a shell is provided with a top cover plate, the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom cover plate, the bottom cover plate is provided with a water inlet, the interior of the shell is divided into an upper wire cavity and a lower electrode cavity by an upper cover plate, the center of the electrode cavity is provided with a cathode, the left side and the right side of the cathode are both provided with an inert magnesium alloy and single-substance magnesium anode, a permeable diaphragm is arranged between the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy and single-substance magnesium anode, the position of the permeable diaphragm corresponds to the position of the water inlet, supporting legs for fixing are arranged between the shell and the bottom cover plate as well as between the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy and single-substance magnesium anode, the upper cover plate is provided with a terminal post hole, the side of the wire cavity is provided with a wire hole, the top of the electrode cavity is provided with an exhaust hole, a cathode wire is connected with the cathode and then penetrates through the wire hole to extend to the exterior of the shell, and an anode wire is connected with the inert magnesium alloy and single-substance magnesium anode and then penetrates through the wire hole to extend to the exterior of the shell.
The main structure of the cathode comprises a cathode reaction body, an electrode core and a cathode binding post; an electrode core is arranged at the center of the inside of the cathode reaction body, and the part of the electrode core extending to the outside of the cathode reaction body is a cathode binding post; the main structure of the inert magnesium alloy and simple substance magnesium anode comprises a magnesium alloy body, an anode binding post, a simple substance magnesium coating, an aqueous sol layer and an anode reactant; the top of magnesium alloy body is provided with the positive pole terminal, and the outside of magnesium alloy body is provided with simple substance magnesium cladding material, and the outside of simple substance magnesium cladding material is provided with the hydrosol layer, and magnesium alloy body and simple substance magnesium cladding material cooperate jointly to constitute the positive pole reactant.
When a plurality of graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded batteries related by the utility model are connected in series, a set voltage can be reached, and when a plurality of graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded batteries are connected in parallel, a set current can be reached, so that a flooded battery with a set output power is obtained; increasing the reaction area (volume and weight) of the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy plus simple substance magnesium anode to obtain a flashing battery which continuously works for dozens of hours, dozens of days and even months; the flashing battery can activate and supply power in any water body including fresh water and seawater, the activation speed is 3-5s, the specific energy is 375Wh/Kg, the rated output power can be reached in 4-6min, the reaction efficiency ratio is extremely high, the power supply quality and stability are greatly improved when the output power and the power supply duration are fixed, the volume and the weight are reduced by 2/3, and the power supply duration is improved by more than 3 times compared with the seawater battery in the prior art; the reaction mechanism is as follows:
after the electrode cavity is filled with water, the cathode releases chloride ions to dissolve in the water to generate electrolyte (H) with the chloride ion content being more than or equal to 3.5 percent2O+Cl-) (ii) a The chloride ions and the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy and simple substance magnesium anode are subjected to oxidation reaction, the inert magnesium alloy and simple substance magnesium anode are added to lose electrons to generate magnesium ion charges, and the magnesium ion charges are transferred to the cathode through electrolyte; the cuprous chloride of the cathode obtains magnesium ion charge and then generates catalytic reduction reaction with reactive substances including the magnesium ion charge and dissolved oxygen to generate electrons, and the electrons are led out by a cathode current collector to generate current; during the period, the graphene accelerates the catalytic reduction reaction of the reactive substance and efficiently leads out electrons, so that the reactivity of the flashing battery is multiplied, and multiplied electric energy is generated.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts graphene/cuprous chloride as a cathode, adds the inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium as anodes, adopts water as an electrolytic agent, adopts chloride ions released by the cathode as an electrolyte to generate an electrolyte as a medium for ionic charge flow between the cathode and the inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium anodes, meets the reaction condition in fresh water by adding the inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium anodes to lose electrons and generate oxidation reaction and obtaining electrons by the cathode and generating catalytic reduction reaction to generate current, has outstanding electrochemical performance of graphene, can effectively intensify the catalytic reduction reaction efficiency of reactive substances, accelerate the migration rate of carriers, efficiently derive the electron generation current, and has high-speed electron mobility to pull the reduction reactivity to be always in an unsaturated (unstable) high-efficiency reaction state in the catalytic reduction reaction process so as to multiply the reaction efficiency, generating electric energy with high efficiency; the battery reactivity is optimized through reasonable electrode material compatibility, the superimposed electric energy generation efficiency is generated, particularly, graphene is compounded in a cathode structure, so that a cathode reaches an electrode potential with a positive value of +3.7V, a larger potential difference is formed with an electrode potential with a negative value of-0.24V plus inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode, and the flow speed and the electron transfer speed of ionic charges between the anode and the cathode are effectively accelerated.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the principle of the main structure of the cathode according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main structure of the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the reactivity comparison between the inerted magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium flooded cell and the pure AZ31 magnesium alloy flooded cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram comparing the intermediate voltage and the power supply time of the flashing battery position indicating lamp and the seawater battery position indicating lamp according to the utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below by way of an embodiment example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the main structure of the graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery related in the embodiment comprises a shell 1, a top cover plate 2, a bottom cover plate 3, a water inlet 4, an upper cover plate 5, a lead cavity 6, an electrode cavity 7, a cathode 8, an anode 9 with an inert magnesium alloy and a simple substance magnesium, a permeable diaphragm 10, a supporting leg 11, a wiring column hole 12, a lead hole 13, an exhaust hole 14, a cathode lead 15 and an anode lead 16; the top of the shell 1 is provided with a top cover plate 2, the bottom of the shell 1 is provided with a bottom cover plate 3, the bottom cover plate 3 is provided with a water inlet 4, the inside of the shell 1 is divided into an upper lead cavity 6 and a lower electrode cavity 7 by an upper cover plate 5, the center of the electrode cavity 7 is provided with a cathode 8, the left side and the right side of the cathode 8 are both provided with an inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode 9, a permeable diaphragm 10 is arranged between the cathode 8 and the inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode 9, supporting legs 11 for fixing are arranged between the shell 1 and the bottom cover plate 3 and the cathode 8 and between the inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode 9, the upper cover plate 5 is provided with a terminal hole 12, the side of the lead cavity 6 is provided with a lead hole 13, the top of the electrode cavity 7 is provided with an exhaust hole 14, a cathode lead 15 is connected with the cathode 8 and then passes through the lead hole 13 to extend to the outside of the shell 1, and an anode lead 16 is connected with the inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode 9 and then passes through the lead hole 13 to extend to the outside of the shell 1; the position of the water inlet hole 4 corresponds to the position of the water permeable membrane 10.
The main structure of the cathode 8 according to the present embodiment includes a cathode reactant 81, an electrode core 82, and a cathode post 83; an electrode core 82 is arranged at the center of the inside of the cathode reaction body 81, and the part of the electrode core 82 extending to the outside of the cathode reaction body 81 is a cathode binding post 83; the main structure of the anode 9 added with the inert magnesium alloy and the simple substance magnesium comprises a magnesium alloy body 91, an anode binding post 92, a simple substance magnesium plating layer 93, an aqueous sol layer 94 and an anode reaction body 95; an anode binding post 92 is arranged at the top of the magnesium alloy body 91, a simple substance magnesium plating layer 93 is arranged on the outer side of the magnesium alloy body 91, an aqueous sol layer 94 is arranged on the outer side of the simple substance magnesium plating layer 93, and the magnesium alloy body 91 and the simple substance magnesium plating layer 93 are matched together to form an anode reaction body 95.
During the equipment of graphite alkene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flood battery that this embodiment relates to: a cathode 8 is arranged in the center of an electrode cavity 7, water permeable membranes 10 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the cathode 8, and an inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium anode 9 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the water permeable membranes 10; the cathode lead 15 is connected with the cathode 8 through soldering, and the cathode lead 15 is led out of the shell 1 through the lead cavity 6 to be used as an output positive electrode (+); an anode lead 16 is connected with two inert magnesium alloy and simple substance magnesium anodes 9 which are connected in parallel through soldering, and the anode lead 16 is led out of the shell 1 through a lead cavity 6 to be used as an output cathode (-) to be connected with a cathode; the gel is adopted to seal the gap between the cathode lead 15 and the anode lead 16 passing through the lead hole 13, so as to ensure the water tightness; the top cover plate 2, the bottom cover plate 3 and the upper cover plate 5 are glued and sealed, the water inlet hole 4 and the exhaust hole 14 are sealed by adopting a hydrosol film, and the oxidation of the cathode 8 and the anode 9 added with the inert magnesium alloy and the simple substance magnesium is avoided.
The material of the housing 1 according to this embodiment is PPE (polypropylene ethylene) which is flame retardant, dielectric, acid resistant, oil resistant, weather resistant, and has high strength; the top cover plate 2, the bottom cover plate 3 and the upper cover plate 5 are process covers convenient to assemble; the water permeable membrane 10 is a flexible body made of flocculent fibers, has good water permeability and water content, is used for supporting the space between the cathode 8 and the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode 9, and is used as a carrier for ensuring the stability of the electrolyte.
The cathode 8 according to the present embodiment has a potential of +3.7V, and has multiple functions of releasing chloride ions, catalytic reduction, and deriving electrons, the cathode terminal 83 is made of red copper, and is a current collector of the cathode 8, and an extension portion of the cathode terminal extends into a central portion of the cathode reactant 81 to form an electrode core 82, so that a contact area with the cathode reactant 81 is increased by the electrode core 82, and the transfer efficiency of carriers is effectively improved.
The method of assembling the cathode 8 according to the present embodiment is as follows: the conductivity is more than 1X 10－2S/m, the granularity is 0.35nm-10um, the single-layer rate is more than 40%, the pH value is 6.5-7.0 and the solid content is 3%, cuprous chloride powder with the purity of more than or equal to 98%, the powder granularity of 60-70um and the pH value of 6.5-7.0 and a coupling agent with the pH value of 6.5-7.0 are mixed according to the weight ratio of 100:96.5:0.5 and then placed in a reaction kettle to be stirred for 15min at the normal temperature at the rotating speed of 5000r/min, and a graphene/cuprous chloride paste blend is obtained; filling the graphene/cuprous chloride paste blend into a mold to form a cathode reactant 81, implanting an electrode core 82 in the center of the cathode reactant 81, and taking the extension part of the electrode core 82 extending out of the cathode reactant 81 as a cathode binding post 83 to obtain a cathode prototype; the cathode preform was placed on a press and applied at 3kg/cm2Pressure of (2)It is formed and dried naturally to remove water.
The anode 9 with the added inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium according to the embodiment has a potential of-2.4V, is an oxidation reaction body of lost electrons, and the anode terminal 92 is made of red copper and is a current collector of the anode 9 with the added inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium.
The inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium anode 9 related in this embodiment selects an inert AZ31 magnesium alloy as the anode body, and can meet the requirements of fast activation and shortening of initial low voltage period and power supply duration; in order to prevent the oxidation reaction of the simple substance magnesium and air, a layer of hydrosol is coated on the surface of the simple substance magnesium, and the hydrosol is instantly dissolved in water after being immersed in the water, so that the reactivity of the anode is not influenced.
The preparation method of the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode 9 related to the embodiment is as follows: selecting size according to design power and power supply duration, cutting an AZ31 inert magnesium alloy profile to prepare a magnesium alloy body 91, rivet-welding an anode terminal 92 in the middle of the upper end of the magnesium alloy body 91, sputtering and plating a single-substance magnesium plating layer 93 with the thickness of 0.2mm and the purity of more than or equal to 98% on the outer layer surface of the magnesium alloy body 91 by adopting a vacuum magnetron sputtering coating technology to obtain an anode reaction body 95, and coating a hydrosol layer 94 with the thickness of 0.05mm on the surface of the single-substance magnesium plating layer 93 to obtain the inert magnesium alloy and single-substance magnesium anode 9 in order to prevent the single-substance magnesium from carrying out oxidation reaction with air.
After the graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery related to the embodiment is immersed in water, the water-soluble film of the water inlet 4 and the water-soluble film of the air vent 14 automatically fall off within 1min, water enters the electrode cavity 7 through the water inlet 4, air in the electrode cavity 7 is discharged through the air vent 14, and the flashing battery is activated after the water enters the electrode cavity 7 for 3-5 s; the inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium outside the elemental magnesium anode 9 are added to firstly participate in the reaction, the extremely active elemental magnesium increases the initial electron loss amount and the oxidation reaction rate of the anode, the initial low-voltage period is shortened, the voltage reaches the peak value after the flashing battery is activated for 4-6min, and the inert magnesium alloy is added to participate in the subsequent reaction after 60-70min, so that the power supply time is ensured.
The graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery related to the embodiment can effectively overcome the defects of a mobile power supply of the existing overwater emergency rescue equipment, has the technical advantages of wide applicability, high specific energy, quick activation, quick rated power reaching, long power supply time, convenient and reliable use, safety, environmental protection and long energy storage time, is free from separation of harmful gas after being stored for a long time, is free from overflow of corrosive substances and hidden danger of fire explosion, has the energy storage time of 5 years, is free from maintenance in the period, and can meet the requirements that the emergency rescue equipment is not used and is effective when being used; the preparation technology is mature, the process can be achieved, the applicability and the technical popularization are strong, and the device can be widely used for mine water permeation accident monitoring alarm and emergency drainage illumination and used as a power supply of a lifeboat (raft), an underwater robot, an underwater monitor and a submarine vehicle and an emergency power supply for outdoor activities.
The graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery related to the embodiment has loose requirements on the conditions of electric energy generation reaction factors, has no causticity on chlorine ions and dissolved oxygen in a water body, can generate electric energy by an interelectrode reaction in a fresh water body poor in chlorine and oxygen or a seawater body, and generates electrolyte by chlorine ions released by a cathode 8 reaction in the fresh water body; after the flashing battery is activated in fresh water, the water inlet 4 and the exhaust hole 14 are completely sealed, rated voltage and rated current can still be output, rated power supply duration is provided, and the flashing battery has higher use expansibility, and not only can be used as a mobile power supply for water emergency rescue equipment in fresh water and seawater areas, but also can be used as an emergency power supply for outdoor activities on land.
Example 2:
the embodiment relates to a reactivity test of a graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery, wherein an inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode 8 and a pure AZ31 magnesium alloy anode with the same size are respectively matched with the same cathode 8 to form the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode flashing battery and the pure AZ31 magnesium alloy anode flashing battery, two flashing batteries are simultaneously activated in fresh water with the same water quality to perform a comparison test, and the test result is shown in the attached drawing 5: adding an inert magnesium alloy and elemental magnesium flashing battery, wherein the time of 0-60min is an elemental magnesium reaction section, after activation is carried out for 4-6min, the voltage rises suddenly to about 1.6V, after 60min, the voltage enters an AZ31 magnesium alloy reaction section, the voltage is reduced to about 1.5V, and then the voltage of 1.5V is kept to enter a stable reaction state; the voltage of the pure AZ31 magnesium alloy anode flashing battery only rises to about 0.9V within 0-20min, and only rises to 1.5V within about 70min, and then the pure AZ31 magnesium alloy anode flashing battery enters a stable reaction state; it can be seen from this that: the battery with the added inert magnesium alloy and the elemental magnesium flashing has outstanding initial reactivity, and can effectively overcome the defect that the initial low-voltage period is long due to the poor initial reactivity of the AZ31 magnesium alloy flashing battery.
Example 3:
the embodiment relates to a test of intermediate voltage and power supply duration of a graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery, wherein the graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery and a seawater battery are respectively manufactured into a flooded battery position indicating lamp and a seawater battery position indicating lamp which are the same in volume and brightness intensity, the seawater battery position indicating lamp is placed into seawater, the flooded battery position indicating lamp is placed into fresh water for testing, the test structure is shown in figure 6, the seawater battery position indicating lamp is activated for 70s, the intermediate voltage is 3.4V, and the effective power supply duration is 8.3 h; the flashing battery position indicating lamp is activated when the flashing battery position indicating lamp is activated for 3s, the intermediate voltage is 3.7V, and the effective power supply time is 26 h; in the period, the flashing battery position indicating lamp has higher intermediate voltage, the brightness intensity is obviously enhanced compared with that of a seawater battery position indicating lamp, and the effective power supply time of the battery of the flashing battery position indicating lamp is 3.6 times that of the battery of the seawater battery position indicating lamp; it can be seen from this that: compared with a seawater battery, the reaction efficiency of the flashing battery is greatly improved, and the flashing battery is activated quickly.
Claims (3)
1. A graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flashing battery is characterized in that the main structure comprises a cathode and an inert magnesium alloy plus elemental magnesium anode; both sides of the cathode are provided with an inert magnesium alloy and a simple substance magnesium anode; the device also comprises a shell, a top cover plate, a bottom cover plate, a water inlet hole, an upper cover plate, a lead cavity, an electrode cavity, a permeable diaphragm, a supporting leg, a wiring column hole, a lead hole, an exhaust hole, a cathode lead and an anode lead; the top of casing is provided with the lamina tecti, the bottom of casing is provided with the end cover board, the inlet opening has been seted up to the end cover board, the wire chamber on upper portion and the electrode chamber of lower part are cut apart into by the upper cover board in the inside of casing, the center in electrode chamber is provided with the negative pole, the left and right sides of negative pole all is provided with adds idle magnesium alloy + simple substance magnesium positive pole, be provided with the diaphragm that permeates water between negative pole and the idle magnesium alloy + simple substance magnesium positive pole, the position of the diaphragm that permeates water corresponds with the position of inlet opening, be provided with the supporting legs of fixing usefulness between casing and end cover board and negative pole and the idle magnesium alloy + simple substance magnesium positive pole, the terminal hole has been seted up to the upper cover board, the wire guide has been seted up to the lateral part in wire chamber, the exhaust hole has been seted up at the top in electrode chamber, the negative pole wire passes the wire guide after being connected with the negative pole and extends to the outside of casing, the positive pole passes the wire guide hole and extends to the outside of casing after being connected with idle magnesium alloy + magnesium positive pole.
2. The graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode's major structure comprises cathode reactant, electrode core and cathode terminal; the electrode core is arranged at the center of the inside of the cathode reaction body, and the part of the electrode core extending to the outside of the cathode reaction body is a cathode binding post.
3. The graphene/cuprous chloride-magnesium flooded battery of claim 1, wherein the main structure of the inert magnesium alloy + elemental magnesium anode comprises a magnesium alloy body, an anode terminal, an elemental magnesium coating, an aqueous sol layer and an anode reactant; the top of magnesium alloy body is provided with the positive pole terminal, and the outside of magnesium alloy body is provided with simple substance magnesium cladding material, and the outside of simple substance magnesium cladding material is provided with the hydrosol layer, and magnesium alloy body and simple substance magnesium cladding material cooperate jointly to constitute the positive pole reactant.
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Denomination of utility model: A graphene/cuprous chloride magnesium flooded battery Granted publication date: 20220531 Pledgee: Huagao Holding Group Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: QINGDAO HUAGAO GRAPHENE TECHNOLOGY Corp.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980039404 |