CN216646280U - Soil body crack evolution observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil fissure evolution observation device, which relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and solves the problem that the soil fissure image obtained by the existing testing device cannot accurately obtain the characteristic parameters of the fissure shape. The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a soil fissure evolution observation device includes a base, a flat observation area is arranged on the upper surface of the base, a length scale is arranged in the observation area, and an outer cover is arranged in the observation area; A support frame is installed on the upper part of the support frame, and a camera mounting frame is installed directly above the observation area. The sample is placed in the observation area for shooting. Since the observation area is equipped with a length scale, the soil fissure evolution image obtained by shooting has its own reference system. Combined with image processing technology, the fracture length, width, fissure rate, fractal shape and fractal shape with higher reliability can be obtained. Fracture morphological characteristic parameters such as dimension. The utility model is used for observing and photographing soil samples, and provides a basis for studying the evolution and development laws of fissures.

Description

Soil Crack Evolution Observation Device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device for observing the evolution of soil fissures and acquiring images of soil fissures.

Background technique

Soil fissures are the inducing factors for many engineering problems. "Code for Geotechnical Engineering Investigation" (GB50021-2001) (2009 Edition) and "Code for Design of Building Foundation" (GB50007-2011) regard the development characteristics of fissures as an important indicator that must be identified and evaluated in the geotechnical engineering investigation of construction engineering. Influencing factors that must be paid attention to in the design of foundations of construction engineering. To carry out research on the evolution of soil fissures, it is necessary to obtain accurate morphological characteristic parameters of fissures to quantitatively characterize fissures. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct experiments on soil bodies and observe and record the evolution of fissures during the experiment. Recording and observation are easily disturbed by environmental and human factors, resulting in a certain error between the source image data and the actual situation, which directly affects the reliability of the fracture feature parameters extracted by image processing technology and affects the test results.

The patent with the authorization announcement number CN 208187890 U discloses an automatic monitoring device for soil fissures, including a soil sample photographing system and a soil sample weighing system arranged in a constant temperature and humidity box, and the soil sample is placed in the soil sample weighing system. On the tray, the constant temperature and humidity box is also equipped with lighting; the soil sample photographing system has cameras that can take real-time photos of soil samples from different directions, and the soil sample weighing system will collect the collected soil sample quality change data and soil samples. The soil sample morphological change data collected by the system is transmitted to the control and data processing system. The soil samples were directly placed on the tray for photographing. Since there was no standard size on the tray as a reference, the obtained image lacked a reference frame, and the characteristic parameters of fracture morphology obtained from the image by the data processing system were not accurate.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a soil fissure evolution observation device, which solves the problem that the soil fissure images obtained by the existing testing device cannot accurately obtain the morphological characteristic parameters of the fissures.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a soil fissure evolution observation device includes a base, a flat observation area is arranged on the upper surface of the base, a length scale is arranged in the observation area, and an outer cover is arranged in the observation area; a camera mounting frame is arranged on the top of the outer cover, or A support frame is installed on the base, and the support frame is provided with a camera mounting frame directly above the observation area.

Further, the soil fissure evolution testing device also includes a camera and a control and data processing system, the camera is placed on the camera mounting frame, and the control and data processing system is electrically connected with the camera.

Further, a ring-shaped card slot or limit stage is arranged around the observation area of the base, and the outer cover is placed in the card slot or limit stage. Further, the card slot is in the shape of a large upper and a small lower, and the contact surface between the limit table and the outer cover is inclined.

Further, a shooting hole is arranged on the top of the outer cover opposite to the camera mounting frame, a lighting lamp is arranged on the inner side of the outer cover, the outer layer of the outer cover is made of opaque material, and the inner layer of the outer cover is a supplementary light plate.

Specifically: one side of the cover is provided with a sample pick-up and release port, and an opaque cover plate is hinged at the sample pick-and-place port; the top of the four side walls of the cover is provided with lighting lamps, and the lighting lamps are LED shadowless lamps.

Further, a radial length scale is set on the upper surface of the base, the zero point of the length scale is located at the origin, and the camera mounting bracket is directly above the origin.

Specifically: the length scale on the upper surface of the base is in a cross shape, and the zero point of the length scale is at the cross point.

Further, at least three height adjustment supports are arranged at the bottom of the base, and leveling bubbles are also arranged on the base.

Further, the base is rectangular, and the four corners of the base are respectively provided with height adjustment supports; or the base is circular, and three height adjustment supports are evenly arranged around the base; Brake swivel wheel.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the soil fissure evolution observation device is used to observe and photograph soil samples, thereby providing a basis for studying the evolution and development law of fissures. The sample is placed in the observation area of the base for shooting. Since the observation area is equipped with a length scale, the soil fissure evolution image obtained by shooting has its own reference system. Combined with image processing technology, the length, width and fissure rate of fissures with higher reliability can be obtained. , fractal dimension and other fissure morphological parameters, in order to more accurately characterize the evolution process and law of soil fissures.

The cover is placed in the slot of the base or the slot of the limiter or the limiter, so that the cover can be firmly placed on the base. The inner side of the cover is equipped with lighting lamps, and the outer layer of the cover is made of opaque material, so that the shooting process is not affected by external light, ensuring the consistency of shooting light, and ensuring that the shooting is carried out under the best lighting conditions. A radial length scale is set on the upper surface of the base, the sample is placed at the origin, and the soil fissure images can be analyzed from multiple reference systems. The base is provided with a height adjustment support and leveling bubbles, which is beneficial to ensure the level of the base.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the soil fissure evolution observation device of the present invention.

Reference numerals: base 1, housing 2, camera mounting frame 3, support frame 4, control and data processing system 5, lighting 6, sample pick-and-place port 7, height adjustment support 8, leveling bubble 9, wheels 10 .

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the soil fissure evolution observation device of the present invention includes a base 1 , a flat observation area is set on the upper surface of the base 1 , and a length scale is set in the observation area. The base 1 is plate-shaped, and can be any polygon or circle. For example, the base 1 is a rectangle, and for example, the base 1 is a plate-shaped structure of 90cm×90cm×2cm. The base 1 can be plastic, wood or steel, eg stainless steel. The observation area is used for placing samples and observing. The entire upper surface of the base 1 can be an observation area, or a part of the upper surface of the base 1 can be an observation area, and the observation area is flat. The base 1 can be directly placed on the ground or a table top for observation, or, at least three height adjustment supports 8 are arranged at the bottom of the base 1, and leveling bubbles 9 are also arranged on the upper surface of the base 1, so that the base 1 can be observed after leveling . The leveling bubble 9 is a leveling bubble, preferably set at the center of the base 1 . The height adjustment supports 8 are used to level the base 1, so it is better to have 3 to 4. For example, the base 1 is rectangular, and the four corners of the base 1 are respectively provided with height adjustment supports 8; or the base 1 is circular, and the circumference of the base 1 is evenly distributed Three height adjustment supports 8 are provided. The height adjusting support 8 is an existing structure, for example, adjusting bolts are provided to realize height adjustment. In order to facilitate the movement of the base 1 , the bottom of the base 1 is provided with wheels 10 , for example, the wheels 10 are provided at the bottom of the height adjustment support 8 . The wheel 10 is preferably a swivel wheel with a brake, which is convenient for temporarily fixing the wheel 10 during use.

An outer cover 2 is provided in the observation area of the base 1 , and the outer cover 2 can be placed directly on the base 1 , or can be fixed or hinged to the base 1 . For example, a ring-shaped card slot or limit table is arranged around the observation area of the base 1, and the cover 2 is placed in the card slot or limit table. The card slot on the base 1 is preferably in the shape of a large top and a small bottom, which is convenient for the cover 2 to be put into the card slot. The contact surface between the limit table and the cover 2 is inclined, which is convenient for the cover 2 to be placed in the limit table. The outer contour formed by the outer cover 2 may be hemispherical, cylindrical or other shapes, for example, the outer contour of the outer cover 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped. The outer cover 2 is placed in the observation area to form a relatively closed observation environment. The outer cover 2 may be closed or open. For example, the side plate and the top plate of the cover 2 form a closed environment, and the top plate is made of transparent material or directly provided with a shooting hole; The sample can be put into the observation area inside the cover 2 by opening the cover 2, or putting it in from the opening at the top of the cover 2, or setting a sample access port 7 on the side wall of the cover 2. The cover plate is hinged at the opening 7, and the material of the cover plate is preferably the same as that of the cover body 2.

The outer cover 2 can be made of a transparent material, or an opaque material or an opaque structure. The outer cover 2 is made of a transparent material, which can be photographed by an external light source, or a lighting lamp 6 can be set to fill in the light; The LED shadowless lamp and the lighting lamp 6 provide the light source for shooting, so that the lighting conditions for shooting can be adjusted and controllable. The lighting lamps 6 are preferably arranged on the tops of the four side walls of the housing 2 . The outer cover 2 has an opaque structure, and may be provided with an opaque structural layer or an opaque coating. For example, the outer layer of the cover 2 is made of an opaque material, and the inner layer of the cover 2 is a light-filling plate. The supplementary light plate is used to reflect light, so that the illumination of the inner cavity enclosed by the outer cover 2 is more uniform. A camera mount 3 is provided on the top of the housing 2, and the camera mount 3 is used to place the camera, so as to realize shooting from a fixed position and height. The camera mounting frame 3 can be directly arranged on the housing 2 and located on the top of the housing 2. For example, the housing 2 includes a top plate, and a shooting hole is arranged at the center of the top plate. The shooting hole is a countersunk hole, and the shooting hole forms the camera mounting frame 3; 2 has no top plate, and a bracket is erected between the tops of the side plates of the housing 2 to form a camera mounting frame 3 . In addition to being supported by the housing 2, the camera can also be supported by the base 1. Specifically, a support frame 4 is installed on the base 1 , and a camera mounting frame 3 is installed on the support frame 4 directly above the observation area, as shown in FIG. 1 . At this time, the cover 2 may be provided with a transparent top plate or without a top plate.

The observation area of the base 1 is provided with a length scale, and the length scale can be directly etched on the base 1, or it can be a scale film pasted on the base. It is best to choose two easily distinguishable colors for the background color of the base 1 and the color of the tick marks. The length scale can be one or multiple. When there are multiple length scales in the observation area, the length scales should preferably be arranged radially, which can be linear or circular. The radiation center is the origin, the zero point of the length scale is at the origin, and the camera mount is directly above the origin. 3 . For example, the length scale on the upper surface of the base 1 is in a cross shape, and the zero point of the length scale is the cross point.

The soil fissure evolution testing device also includes a camera and a control and data processing system 5, the camera is placed on the camera mounting frame 3, and the control and data processing system 5 is electrically connected to the camera. The control and data processing system 5 uses a computer system to control the camera and process the captured images. The control and data processing system 5 and the camera can be connected in a wired or wireless manner, and both wired and wireless connections are existing.

The process of observing the sample through the soil fissure evolution observation device is as follows:

Step 1: Connect the test parts. The soil fissure evolution observation device is placed, the camera is placed on the camera mounting frame 3 , and the camera is connected to a computer, wherein the computer is installed with a control and data processing system 5 .

Step 2: Confirm the balance of the device. Judge whether the device is balanced by leveling the bubble 9 , if the base 1 is not level, level the base 1 through the height adjusting support 8 .

Step 3: Insert the sample. Put the sample into the observation area of base 1, preferably at the origin of the length scale. The sample can be placed directly in the observation area, or the sample can be pasted and fixed in the observation area.

Step 4: Make observations. After confirming that the above steps are completed, turn on the illuminator, observe the crack image of the sample on the computer, adjust various image parameters, and directly control the camera to shoot through the computer.

Step 5: Capture an image of the specimen. The images of the fissures captured by the camera are presented directly on the computer. Combined with the existing commonly used image processing technology, more reliable fracture morphological parameters such as fracture length, width, fracture ratio, and fractal dimension are obtained, so as to characterize the evolution process and law of soil fractures.

Claims (10)

1. Soil body crack evolution observation device, including base (1), the upper surface of base (1) sets up smooth observation area, its characterized in that: the observation area is provided with length scales and is provided with an outer cover (2); the top of the outer cover (2) is provided with a camera mounting frame (3), or a support frame (4) is arranged on the base (1), and the camera mounting frame (3) is arranged right above the observation area on the support frame (4).

2. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a camera and a control and data processing system (5), wherein the camera is arranged on the camera mounting frame (3), and the control and data processing system (5) is electrically connected with the camera.

3. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 1, wherein: an annular clamping groove or a limiting table is arranged around the observation area of the base (1), and the outer cover (2) is placed in the clamping groove or the limiting table.

4. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 2, wherein: the clamping groove is large at the top and small at the bottom, and the contact surface of the limiting table and the outer cover (2) is inclined.

5. An observation device of soil mass fracture evolution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the top of dustcoat (2) sets up with camera mounting bracket (3) relative position and shoots the hole, and the inboard of dustcoat (2) sets up light (6), and the skin of dustcoat (2) is light tight material, and the inlayer of dustcoat (2) is for mending the board.

6. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 5, wherein: a sample taking and placing opening (7) is formed in one side of the outer cover (2), and a light-tight cover plate is hinged to the sample taking and placing opening (7); the top of four lateral walls of the outer cover (2) is provided with illuminating lamps (6), and the illuminating lamps (6) are LED shadowless lamps.

7. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the upper surface of the base (1) is provided with radial length scales, the zero point of the length scales is located at the original point, and the camera mounting frame (3) is arranged right above the original point.

8. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 7, wherein: the length scale on the upper surface of the base (1) is in a cross shape, and the zero point of the length scale is at the cross point.

9. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the bottom of the base (1) is provided with at least three height adjusting supports (8), and the base (1) is also provided with leveling air bubbles (9).

10. The soil mass fracture evolution observation device of claim 7, wherein: the base (1) is rectangular, and four corners of the base (1) are respectively provided with a height adjusting support (8); or the base (1) is circular, and three height adjusting supports (8) are uniformly arranged around the base (1); the lower end of each height adjusting support (8) is respectively provided with a wheel (10), and the wheels (10) are universal wheels with brakes.

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