CN216597609U

CN216597609U - Colored photovoltaic sun shield

Info

Publication number: CN216597609U
Application number: CN202123095390.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马凤琴
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shanghai Qianwa Construction Technology Studio
Priority date: 2021-12-10
Filing date: 2021-12-10
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-10

Abstract

A colored photovoltaic sun visor comprises at least one crystalline silicon component. At least one front packaging material of the crystal silicon assembly contains structural color pigment. The adjacent crystalline silicon batteries in series connection in the crystalline silicon assembly are arranged along the long edge of the crystalline silicon assembly. The light facing surface of the crystal silicon component is provided with an anti-glare surface. And the light facing surface of the welding strip in the crystalline silicon assembly is subjected to antireflection treatment. This photovoltaic sunshading board has alleviated the electric current mismatch phenomenon, provides the outward appearance that has more the aesthetic feeling, has improved the illuminance of indoor environment, has solved the problem of glare simultaneously.

Description

Colored photovoltaic sun shield

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of photoelectric buildings, in particular to a color photovoltaic sun shield.

Background

The building sunshade has the functions of blocking direct solar radiation heat energy and reducing the heat gain of a room. General code for building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization GB55015-2021 states: in areas with warm summer and winter and cold summer and hot winter, sun-shading measures should be taken for the outward windows and the light-transmitting curtain walls in the south, east and west of the class A public building; in areas hot in summer and warm in winter, the building sun-shading coefficient of the east and west outward windows of the residential building should not be more than 0.8.

Sunshades can be divided into various categories including sun visors, roller blinds, awnings, fabrics, blinds, grilles, sun plants. The sun shield has the advantages of good sun-shading effect, attractive appearance, high wind resistance level, long service life and the like.

The main component parts of the sunshade plate type sunshade system comprise: (1) a sun visor blade, referred to as a blade for short, is an elongated panel used for shielding sunlight in a sun shading system, and the cross section of the blade perpendicular to the long side of the blade is generally in the shape of a hollow shuttle. A commonly used blade material is an aluminum alloy. (2) And the end covers are arranged at two ends of the blade and play a role in connecting, driving and plugging. (3) The support member, also known as a frame, refers to the member attached to the blade that provides structural support to the blade, and is typically made of aluminum alloy or galvanized steel. (4) Building connectors, connectors between support members and buildings.

Besides the above components, the main components of the power-regulated sunshade system also include: (5) the motor consumes electric energy to drive the motor of the sunshade system to move. (6) A drive fitting, a component that converts motor motion into blade motion, such as a drive rod. (7) And the control system comprises hardware and software and is used for controlling the action of the motor by sending a command.

The sunshade system of sunshade plate type is divided into two types of fixed type and adjustable type according to the inclination angle of the blades, and the difference of the former type and the latter type is that the inclination angle of the sunshade blades is adjustable. The adjustable sunshade is divided into manual adjustment and power adjustment. According to the long edge extension direction of the blades of the sun visor, the sun visor type sun shading system is divided into three types: horizontal shading, vertical shading and other shading.

The outer sun shield used outdoors can be integrated on a cross beam or a stand column of a building curtain wall.

Photovoltaic cells are devices that convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic cells are classified into various types of single crystal silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, amorphous silicon/microcrystalline silicon cells, cadmium telluride cells, chalcopyrite (e.g., copper indium gallium selenide) cells, dye sensitized cells, perovskite cells, group III-V cells, perovskite-single crystal silicon tandem cells, according to the photoelectric conversion material of the photovoltaic cell.

Photovoltaic cells are susceptible to aging to failure from external climatic factors, such as oxygen, water vapor, ultraviolet rays, external forces, lightning, and the like; therefore, the photovoltaic cell needs to be encapsulated by an encapsulating material before being used for a long time. Since the voltage of a single photovoltaic cell is low, it is often necessary to connect multiple photovoltaic cells in series to obtain a higher voltage. The series connection of the photovoltaic cells refers to that the positive electrode of one photovoltaic cell is connected with the negative electrode of the other photovoltaic cell through a conductor. Similarly, to increase the current, a plurality of photovoltaic cells may be connected in parallel. The parallel connection between the photovoltaic cells means that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of one photovoltaic cell are sequentially and respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the other photovoltaic cell through conductors. If higher voltage and higher current are to be obtained simultaneously, the series connection of the photovoltaic cells can be connected in series and in parallel, or the parallel connection of the photovoltaic cell groups can be adopted. Photovoltaic cells are typically connected in series and in parallel as described above using conductive materials such as copper-tin plated solder tapes. The smallest indivisible photovoltaic cell assembly with encapsulation and internal connections that can provide a direct current output alone is called a photovoltaic module.

A photovoltaic module adopting a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is called a monocrystalline silicon module for short. A photovoltaic module adopting a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is called a polycrystalline silicon module for short. A photovoltaic component adopting the perovskite-monocrystalline silicon laminated cell is called as a perovskite-monocrystalline silicon laminated component for short. The monocrystalline silicon component, the polycrystalline silicon component, and the perovskite-monocrystalline silicon stack are collectively referred to as a crystalline silicon component.

The crystalline silicon component has a layered structure. The front plate, the front packaging adhesive film, the crystalline silicon battery, the rear packaging adhesive film and the back plate are sequentially arranged from the light facing surface to the backlight surface. The front packaging film and the rear packaging film are collectively called packaging films. The front plate is generally made of tempered or semi-tempered low-iron ultra-white glass. The material of the packaging adhesive film comprises ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), Polyolefin (PO) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The back plate comprises a polymer composite back plate with a laminated structure and a glass back plate. The outer surface of the module is usually provided with a frame, a junction box and other accessories, and a cable with an electric connection terminal at the far end is led out from the junction box to play a role in leading out electric energy generated by the crystal silicon module.

Building integrated photovoltaic power generation systems, also known as building integrated photovoltaics, refer to the form of architectural applications of photovoltaic power generation equipment, such as photovoltaic modules, as building components.

A sun-shading system of a crystalline silicon component integrated on the surface of a sun-shading board blade belongs to photovoltaic building integration, and the current system has the following problems to be solved:

(1) in consideration of the overall appearance color of the building and the secondary utilization of sunlight reflected by the sun visor, the light-facing surface of the sun visor is usually not selected to be dark color such as black, and the packaged crystalline silicon battery usually has a black or dark blue appearance.

(2) Sunshade systems usually comprise a plurality of sunshade slats which are parallel and closely spaced to each other. Over a range of incident sunlight angles, a sun visor will block a portion of the direct sunlight and create a shadow area on other adjacent visors. The illumination intensity of the shadow area is far less than that of the area directly irradiated by sunlight, and the light generation current of the photovoltaic cell is reduced along with the reduction of the illumination intensity. In the conventional crystalline silicon module, photovoltaic cells in the length direction and the width direction of the module are in series connection, so that cells in a shadow area are in series connection with cells in a non-shadow area. The disparity in magnitude of the photo-generated current between series connected photovoltaic cells is referred to as current mismatch. If the current mismatch occurs, the crystalline silicon component is caused to generate heat abnormally, so that the power generation efficiency of the crystalline silicon component is reduced, and the service life of the crystalline silicon component is shortened.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a color photovoltaic sun shield.

The colored photovoltaic sun visor comprises at least one crystalline silicon assembly, wherein at least one layer of front packaging material containing structural color pigment is arranged between the light facing surface of the crystalline silicon assembly and a crystalline silicon battery. All adjacent crystalline silicon batteries in the crystalline silicon assembly in series connection are arranged along the long edge of the crystalline silicon assembly.

The front packaging material comprises a front plate of the crystalline silicon assembly and a front packaging adhesive film.

The structural color pigment is a pigment which has obvious reflection on visible light in a specific wavelength range through optical interference or diffraction effect, mainly transmits the visible light in the other wavelength ranges, and has less reflection and less absorption. The color of the reflected light of the specific wavelength represents the color of the structural color pigment.

The structural color is common in nature, such as opal, butterfly wing, and peacock feather, and the gorgeous color belongs to the structural color. The structural color pigment can also be prepared by a synthetic method. Such as patent application CN00802844.3 "multilayer pearlescent pigment", cn96109270.x "novel pearlescent pigment and method for making same", CN01143104.0 "silver pearlescent pigment", CN00806532.2 "method and composition relating to pearlescent pigment", etc.

Conventional chemically colored pigments are primarily absorptive and minimally transmissive to visible light of wavelengths other than their color. Structured color pigments reflect certain wavelengths of visible light, while transmitting primarily to other wavelengths of visible light with little absorption. It can be seen that the structural color pigments are particularly suitable for making colored photovoltaic modules, so that the modules can still generate electricity using other wavelengths of sunlight transmitted through the pigment layer while presenting color.

The prior art applying structural colors to photovoltaic modules includes CN201811180951.6 "colored solar panels and structures including the same", CN201880014107.8 "glass unit, manufacturing method and use thereof", CN202021441347.7 "a high-transmittance colored photovoltaic module", and the like.

However, according to the knowledge of the inventor of the present patent application, there is no description or published report of a color photovoltaic sun visor including a crystalline silicon module containing a structural color pigment.

Still further, the above-described prior art structural color photovoltaic modules create glare problems in sun visor applications due to the fact that the specular reflected light intensity of the prior art structural color photovoltaic modules is far superior to that of the neutral conventional photovoltaic modules. This is because in most sun visor system applications, the reflected light from the surface of the sun visor panel is partially incident into the room to increase the illumination of the room. To achieve this objective while avoiding glare interference, the surface of the existing non-photovoltaic sun visor reflects sunlight diffusely so that light reflected from the surface does not form glare indoors. The light facing surface of the color photovoltaic module in the prior art is not subjected to diffuse reflection treatment, so that the color photovoltaic module based on the technology is applied to the sun shield, and the specular reflection light of the color photovoltaic module irradiates the interior of a room to generate glare. Aiming at the problem, the light facing surface of the crystal silicon assembly provided by the utility model is provided with an anti-glare surface, and the specific implementation modes comprise the following two types:

(1) the light-facing surface of the crystalline silicon component has a surface roughness Ra of more than or equal to 0.09 microns.

(2) The surface of a light facing surface of the crystalline silicon component is provided with concave-convex fluctuation with the height difference of peak-valley of 0.01-0.6 mm, and the distance between adjacent peaks of the concave-convex fluctuation is 0.1-3 mm.

The above-described structural color of the color crystal silicon module in the prior art has another problem that the interconnection ribbon and the bus bar ribbon connecting the crystal silicon cells are not properly processed for the large use in the crystal silicon module in the prior art. The interconnection strip and the bus bar strip are collectively referred to as a strip. The solder strip is usually silvery white, and most wave bands of the reflected white light can penetrate through the structural color layer to be emitted, so that the front color uniformity of the colored crystal silicon assembly is damaged. Aiming at the problem, the crystalline silicon component included in the color photovoltaic sun visor provided by the utility model can selectively perform antireflection treatment on the light-facing side surface of the solder strip, and the implementation modes include the following two types:

(1) increase black shelter thing between preceding encapsulation glued membrane and solder strip, above-mentioned black shelter thing covers the solder strip, is not covered by the solder strip in the as few as possible cover crystal silicon battery simultaneously and shelters from the part.

(2) And coating a black antireflection coating on the surface of the solder strip facing the light or preparing a light trapping texture pattern on the surface.

Aiming at the problem of current mismatch among crystalline silicon cells in the photovoltaic sun visor in the background art, the utility model provides the following solutions:

in the crystal silicon assembly contained in the color photovoltaic sun visor, all adjacent crystal silicon batteries in series connection are arranged along the long edge of the crystal silicon assembly. Each crystalline silicon battery is connected with at least one crystalline silicon battery adjacent along the long side direction of the blade in series. Because the sun visor is parallel with the long limit of sun visor in the long limit of the shade that the neighbouring sun visor formed, consequently under most circumstances, the crystalline silicon battery that has the series relation among the above-mentioned crystalline silicon subassembly is unanimous by the area that the shade sheltered from, so its photo-generated current's size is also unanimous to the electric current mismatch has been avoided.

The utility model relates to a colored sun visor, which comprises a sun visor with colored crystalline silicon components as blades.

The utility model relates to a colored sun visor, which comprises a colored crystal silicon assembly and a sun visor consisting of independent blades. The colored crystal silicon component is positioned on the light facing surface of the blade and fixed on the blade, and the backlight surface of the colored crystal silicon component faces the blade. The fixing mode comprises three modes of mechanical fixing, adhesive fixing and combination of mechanical fixing and adhesive fixing. The mechanical fixing comprises one or more modes of nailing, riveting, splicing, clamping, hinging, sewing, central connection and splicing. The glue in the glue fixation comprises one or more of silicone glue, epoxy glue, acrylic glue, polyurethane glue, butyl glue, latex and butyl adhesive tape, wherein the surface glue layer is an epoxy adhesive tape, the surface glue layer is an acrylic adhesive tape, and the surface glue layer is a polyurethane adhesive tape.

According to the extending direction of the long edge of the sun shield, the photovoltaic sun shield is suitable for the following three sun shield systems: horizontal shading, vertical shading and other shading.

According to the inclination angle of the sun visor, the photovoltaic sun visor is suitable for the following two sun visor systems: fixed sunshade, adjustable sunshade.

According to the photovoltaic module, a frame, edge sealing glue, edge sealing adhesive tapes, a junction box, a bypass diode, a cable and a connector can be arranged according to actual needs. The related art is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not described in detail herein.

Based on the aesthetic appearance and the consideration of preventing the surface of the component from being accumulated with dust, the frame of the crystal silicon component in the utility model is higher than the edge of the light-facing surface of the component by no more than 1mm, and a frame-free component is preferred.

The utility model well solves the problems of appearance color and current mismatch of the existing photovoltaic sun visor in the prior art, improves indoor natural lighting by using diffuse reflection light on the surface of the sun visor, is a technology suitable for wide popularization in green buildings, and plays a very positive promoting role in improving the internal environment of the buildings and reducing the carbon emission of the buildings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a color photovoltaic sunshade plate with a photovoltaic module as a blade.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic sun visor with photovoltaic modules fixed on the light-facing surface of a blade

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module shown in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the scope of the utility model as claimed is not limited to the scope of the embodiments shown.

First embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is directly used as a sun visor blade, and the module adopts a structure of 5mm glass +0.76mm pvb + PERC cell +0.76mm pvb +5mm glass. In fig. 1, 1 is front plate glass with a thickness of 5mm, 2 is a PVB front packaging adhesive film with a thickness of 0.76mm, 3 is a crystalline silicon PERC battery, 4 is a PVB rear packaging adhesive film with a thickness of 0.76mm, and 5 is back plate glass with a thickness of 5 mm. The inner side surface of the front plate glass 1 is formed into a green structural color pigment layer 12 by adopting a mode of screen printing ink containing structural color pigment and then toughening and sintering the ink layer along with glass. The substrate of the green structure color pigment is synthetic mica, and the surface of the substrate is sequentially coated with films of TiO2, SiO2 and TiO2 from inside to outside. The front glass is an anti-glare glass, and the light-facing surface 11 thereof has concave-convex undulations with a peak-to-valley height difference of 0.1 mm. Each photovoltaic module contains 24 crystalline silicon cells 3 arranged in a 12 x 2 array. Wherein there are two rows of batteries along subassembly minor face direction, and every row has 12 batteries to establish ties in proper order through interconnection strip solder strip 31 along subassembly long limit direction and forms the battery cluster, and the head and the tail of above-mentioned two battery clusters are parallelly connected through the busbar solder strip. The light-facing side of the interconnection bar solder and the bus bar solder is covered with a black strip PET film 32.

Example two: as shown in fig. 2, the sun visor includes a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module 9 and a blade 7, and the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module 9 is fixed on a light facing surface of the blade 7. The blade 7 is formed by extrusion using 6063-T5 aluminum alloy. The photovoltaic module 9 is adhered and fixed on the surface of the light-facing surface of the blade 7 through the butyl adhesive tape 6, and the photovoltaic module 9 is mechanically fixed on the blade 7 through the self-tapping screw 8.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crystalline silicon device. The crystal silicon assembly adopts a structure of transparent PVF + polyurethane glue + PC + POE + TOPcon battery + POE + glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin plate. The outermost side of the light facing surface of the assembly is a transparent polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) layer 91 with a matte surface, and the inner side of the polyvinyl fluoride layer 91 is sequentially provided with a polyurethane adhesive layer 92 and a Polycarbonate (PC) layer 93. The polyvinyl fluoride layer 91, the polyurethane adhesive layer 92 and the polycarbonate layer 93 together form a composite front plate. The front packaging adhesive film 94 and the rear packaging adhesive film 95 are both polyolefin elastomers (POE), wherein the front packaging adhesive film 94 contains silver gray structural color pigment. A tunnel oxide passivation contact (TOPcon) solar cell 33 is provided between the front and back encapsulant films. Each photovoltaic module contains 24 TOPcon cells. The TOPcon cells are arranged in long strings along the long sides of the module, with adjacent cells connected in series by interconnecting strips of solder ribbon 31. Because the silver gray pigment on the light-facing surface of the component is basically consistent with the reflected color of the welding strip, the surface of the welding strip does not need to be subjected to antireflection treatment. And the backlight side of the rear packaging adhesive film is provided with a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin plate 96 as a back plate of the photovoltaic module. The butyl tape 6 in fig. 2 is adhered to the back side of the back plate 96.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic sun visor characterized in that: the packaging material comprises at least one crystalline silicon assembly, wherein at least one layer of front packaging material containing structural color pigment is arranged between a light facing surface of the crystalline silicon assembly and a crystalline silicon battery; all adjacent crystalline silicon batteries in the crystalline silicon assembly in series connection are arranged along the long edge of the crystalline silicon assembly.

2. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the light facing surface of said crystalline silicon assembly has an anti-glare surface.

3. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 2 wherein the anti-glare surface has a surface roughness Ra of 0.09 microns or greater.

4. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 2 wherein said anti-glare surface has a relief having a peak-to-valley height difference of 0.01 to 0.6 mm, and a pitch between adjacent peaks of said relief is 0.1 to 3 mm.

5. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein a light facing surface of the bus bar solder strip in the crystalline silicon module is subjected to an antireflection treatment.

6. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein a light facing surface of the interconnection straps in said crystalline silicon assembly is subjected to an antireflection treatment.

7. The photovoltaic solar panel according to claim 5, wherein said antireflection treatment is a black shade covering the bus bar strips.

8. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 6 wherein said antireflection treatment is a black antireflection coating applied to the light facing surface of the interconnection strip.

9. The photovoltaic visor of claim 1 wherein at least one vane; the crystal silicon subassembly is fixed on the blade, and the fixed mode is mechanical fastening, and sticky fixed, mechanical fastening combines together one of three kinds of modes with sticky fixed.

10. The photovoltaic visor of claim 1 wherein said crystalline silicon assembly acts as a visor blade.