CN216596285U - Quantum control device and quantum control system - Google Patents
Quantum control device and quantum control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216596285U CN216596285U CN202122652024.3U CN202122652024U CN216596285U CN 216596285 U CN216596285 U CN 216596285U CN 202122652024 U CN202122652024 U CN 202122652024U CN 216596285 U CN216596285 U CN 216596285U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the quantum computing field relates to a quantum control device and quantum control system, the device is including inserting high-speed data acquisition integrated circuit board, first analog signal generator board card, second analog signal generator board card and the route integrated circuit board of establishing in different draw-in grooves on same backplate, high-speed data acquisition integrated circuit board, first analog signal generator board card, second analog signal generator board card pass connecting wire communication connection on the backplate the route integrated circuit board, by the route integrated circuit board is external data interaction. The volume and the cost of the quantum control system special for constructing the quantum chip by using the control device are greatly reduced, the integration and the expansion of the quantum control system are easy to realize, the quantum bit quantity of control can be flexibly configured, and the measurement and control requirements of the high-quantum-bit quantum chip can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of quantum computing, and in particular, to a quantum control device and a quantum control system that can be easily expanded.
Background
Quantum computers are physical devices that perform high-speed mathematical and logical operations, store, and process quantum information following quantum mechanics laws. The quantum chip is the core of a quantum computer, a plurality of quantum bits are integrated on the quantum chip, a special quantum control system needs to be built for ensuring the normal work of the quantum bits, and a plurality of signal modules are arranged in the quantum measurement and control system to provide various control signals, such as an initial frequency regulation and control signal and an initial quantum state regulation and control signal, for each quantum bit; furthermore, for the result of a quantum computation performed by a qubit, a read measurement is also required. Conceivably, when the number of bits of the qubits on the quantum chip is increased to several hundred bits or even several million bits, and more complex quantum computation tasks are run, the number of signals required in the quantum control system is correspondingly increased, the wiring is more complex, and the system volume is larger. Therefore, the integration and expansion of quantum control systems are issues that need to be solved urgently.
It is noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the application and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the application is to provide a quantum control device and quantum control system to solve not enough among the prior art, the quantum control device of this application provides the modular measurement and control functional unit that is used for qubit regulation and control and measurement on the quantum chip, has contained the whole functional units that are used for qubit regulation and control and measurement on the quantum chip, is convenient for realize quantum control system's integration and extension.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a quantum control device, including:
the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card, the second analog signal generator board card and the routing board card are inserted into different card slots on the same backboard, the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card and the second analog signal generator board card are in communication connection with the routing board card through a connecting line on the backboard, and the routing board card interacts external data;
the high-speed data acquisition board card is used for outputting an initial measurement signal of a qubit and receiving a read return signal of the qubit returned from the quantum chip, the first analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial quantum state regulation signal of the qubit, and the second analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial frequency regulation signal of the qubit.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card, and the second analog signal generator board card are all provided with multiple output channels, the number of the high-speed data acquisition board cards is one, and the number of the first analog signal generator board cards and the number of the second analog signal generator board cards are at least one respectively.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the number of applicable qubits of the first analog signal generator board card and/or the second analog signal generator board card is greater than or equal to the number of applicable qubits of the high-speed data acquisition board card.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the high-speed data acquisition board card adopts an ADDA (Analog-to-Digital converter/Digital-to-Analog converter) board or a combination of a daq (data acquisition) board card and a DAC (Digital-to-Analog converter) board or an AWG (array Waveform generator) board, the first Analog signal generator board and the second Analog signal generator board adopt a DAC board or an AWG board, and the routing board card includes a field programmable gate array.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the routing board card is inserted into a slot located in the central position of the backplane, the high-speed data acquisition board card is disposed adjacent to the routing board card, and the first analog signal generator board card and the second analog signal generator board card are disposed in a distributed manner with the routing board card as a center.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the first analog signal generator board card, the second analog signal generator board card, the high-speed data acquisition board card, the routing board card, and the backplane are all provided with clock synchronization circuits, and all the clock synchronization circuits adopt the same clock synchronization reference.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises a control board card, the control board card is arranged in the clamping groove of the back plate, and the control board card is used for collecting the high-speed data collecting board card, the first analog signal generator board card and the signal delay data of the second analog signal generator board card and outputting the signal delay data to the outside.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the device further includes a power supply and a heat dissipation assembly, the power supply and the heat dissipation assembly are arranged in the chassis, the power supply is plugged in the card slot of the backplane, and supplies power to the board card plugged in each card slot on the backplane and the heat dissipation assembly; the heat dissipation assembly is connected with the control board card, and the control board card controls the working state of the heat dissipation assembly according to the temperature information in the case.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the device further includes a chassis, and the backplane, the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card, the second analog signal generator board card, and the routing board card are all disposed in the chassis.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a quantum control system, where the system includes:
at least one quantum control device as described in any of the above.
It can be seen that the quantum control device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a high-speed data acquisition board card, a first analog signal generator board card, a second analog signal generator board card, and a routing board card, wherein the high-speed data acquisition board card is used for outputting an initial measurement signal of the qubit and receiving a read return signal of the qubit returned from the quantum chip, the first analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial frequency regulation signal of a qubit, the second analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial quantum state regulation signal of a quantum bit, therefore, the control device comprises all functional units for regulating and controlling and measuring the quantum bit in the quantum chip, the whole control device adopts a modular structure design, and the board cards are inserted into different card slots on the same backboard, so that the control device is easy to maintain and high in integration level; the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card and the second analog signal generator board card are in communication connection with the routing board card through a connecting line on the back plate, and the routing board card is used for data interaction with the outside, so that the wiring among the board cards is simple and clear, the signal transmission timeliness is high, and the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card and the second analog signal generator board card are easy to realize and convenient to expand; the quantum control system special for constructing the quantum chip by using the control device has high integration and expandability, the volume and the cost are greatly reduced, the controlled quantum bit quantity can be flexibly configured, and the measurement and control requirements of the quantum chip with high quantum bit quantity can be met.
These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description of the embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a quantum control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating another quantum control device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a control device including a control board and a heat dissipation assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control apparatus including a clock synchronization circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a control device including a chassis and a power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a quantum control system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 10-a control device, 20-a local oscillator microwave source, 30-an RF transmitting component, 40-a high-precision voltage source and 50-an RF transceiving component; 120-a back plate, 130-a routing board card, 140-a first analog signal generator board card, 150-a second analog signal generator board card, 160-a high-speed data acquisition board card, 1401-a first AWG board card, 1501-a second AWG board card, 1601-ADDA board card, 170-a control board card, 180-a heat dissipation assembly, 190-a power supply and 110-a chassis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the drawings in the present application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
Generally, a plurality of qubits (also called qubits) and data transmission lines are disposed on a quantum chip, each qubit includes a detector and a qubit device coupled to each other, wherein the qubit device may be an artificial superconducting qubit formed by a superconducting josephson junction and a capacitance to ground, and the detector may be a resonant cavity. The qubit device is provided with a first control signal line and a second control signal line, and a detector coupled with the qubit device is provided with a third control signal line, wherein the first control signal line is used for transmitting a quantum state regulation and control signal for regulating and controlling quantum state information of the qubit device, the second control signal line is used for transmitting a frequency regulation and control signal for regulating and controlling frequency parameters of the qubit device, and the third control signal line is used for transmitting a measurement signal for measuring and reading the detector and outputting a read return signal returned by the detector, so that indirect reading and measuring of the status of the qubit device are realized. Therefore, the quantum control system for regulating and measuring the quantum bit in the quantum chip needs to generate and output three control signals to be respectively provided for the first to third control signal lines so as to realize the regulation and measurement of the quantum bit in the quantum chip.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a quantum control device, where the control device 10 includes a backplane 120, a routing board 130, a first analog signal generator board 140, a second analog signal generator board 150, and a high-speed data acquisition board 160, where the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, the high-speed data acquisition board 160, and the routing board 130 are disposed in different card slots on the backplane 120. The first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 are all in communication connection with the routing board card 130 through a connection line on the backplane, and interact with external data through the routing board card 130. It should be noted that, in fig. 1, the number of each board card in the control device is one, and in practical application, the number of each board card in the control device may be set to be more according to needs, which is not limited herein, and fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram for facilitating better understanding of the technical solution of the present application by those skilled in the art, and cannot be regarded as any limitation of the present application.
The first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 in the quantum control device provided in the embodiment of the present application are all functional units for regulating and controlling and measuring a quantum bit in a quantum chip, and through the embodiment of the present application, all functional control signals for regulating and controlling and measuring a quantum bit in a quantum chip can be provided; the whole control device adopts a modular structure design, and each of the first analog signal generator board cards 140, each of the second analog signal generator board cards 150, each of the high-speed data acquisition board cards 160 and the routing board card 130 are all arranged in a corresponding card slot on one backplane 120, so that the integration level is high. Each of the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 is in communication connection with the routing board card 130, and external data interaction is performed through the routing board card 130, so that routing between the board cards on one backplane is simple and clear, and easy to implement and convenient to expand.
As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the number of the routing board 130 and the number of the high-speed data acquisition board 160 are one, and the number of the first analog signal generator board 140 and the number of the second analog signal generator board 150 are at least one. The number of the first analog signal generator board card 140 and the second analog signal generator board card 150 is set according to the quantum bit number of the quantum chip which is regulated and controlled according to actual needs. On the premise that the signal output channels of the first analog signal generator board card 140 and the second analog signal generator board card 150 are one channel, the specific number of the first analog signal generator board card 140 and the second analog signal generator board card 150 may be the same as the number of qubits of a quantum chip that needs to be regulated and measured. The number of the first analog signal generator board 140 and the second analog signal generator board 150 may be further set according to an upper limit value of the number of the slots on the backplane 120 in combination with a requirement for maximizing the number of qubits that can be controlled by the control device, for example, when the upper limit value of the number of the slots on the backplane 120 is 16, the first analog signal generator board 140 and the second analog signal generator board 150 may be respectively set to 7 on the premise that one slot is allocated to each of the routing board 130 and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 in order to maximize the number of qubits to be controlled.
In addition, in order to further increase the number of quantum bits in the quantum chip that can be controlled by the control device, in an embodiment of the present application, the signal output channels of each of the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 are respectively configured in multiple paths, that is, the signal output channels of each of the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 are respectively 2 or more than 2 paths, and at this time, the maximum number of signal paths that can be output by the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 can reach the number of signal output channels of each module. For example, when the signal output channels of the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 are each 5 channels, the number of qubits in the quantum chip that can be controlled by the control device at this time will be 5 times the number of signal output channels of the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 that are 1 channel. At this time, one channel of the first analog signal generator board card 140 is used to output an initial frequency adjustment signal of a qubit; one channel of the second analog signal generator board 150 is used for outputting an initial quantum state regulation signal of a qubit, thereby effectively improving the integration level and expandability of the control device.
It should be added that, in practical applications, the third control signal lines may correspond to the detectors one by one, but in order to simplify the data transmission line structure of the quantum chip, one third control signal line may also be used to correspond to a plurality of detectors when the quantum chip is designed. For example, one of the third control signal lines corresponds to five of the detectors, so that state read measurements for five of the qubit devices can be performed using one of the third control signal lines. In this case, one channel of the high-speed data acquisition board 160 may be used for reading and measuring states of five qubits in the quantum chip, and at this time, one channel of the high-speed data acquisition board 160 is used for simultaneously outputting an initial measurement signal of one qubit to five qubits of a group of qubits located on the same third control signal line, and receiving a read return signal of one qubit returned from the group of qubits. The combination technique of the initial measurement signal and the decomposition technique of the read-back signal are not covered by the present application and are not described in detail herein.
Further, the number of qubits available to the first analog signal generator board 140 and/or the second analog signal generator board 150 is greater than or equal to the number of qubits available to the high-speed data acquisition board 160. For the case that the qubit for tunable coupling exists in the quantum chip, the first analog signal generator board card 140 and/or the second analog signal generator board card 150 may be utilized to implement the operation of adjusting and controlling the qubit information and/or the frequency parameter of the qubit for tunable coupling.
It should be noted that, although the control device according to the embodiment of the present application includes all functional units for performing the regulation and measurement of the qubits on the quantum chip, in terms of the hardware architecture, the control device 10 is designed to be a control core unit of a quantum control system for performing a control operation on the quantum chip, based on the considerations of low cost, easy integration and expansion, easy maintenance, high reliability of the output signal, and the like, and is not completely equivalent to a complete quantum control system. Therefore, the control device of the embodiment of the present application needs to use related auxiliary peripheral devices to form a complete quantum control system to complete the qubit regulation and measurement operations on the quantum chip.
Specifically, the routing board 130 sends a qubit adjustment command and data to the first analog signal generator board 140 and the second analog signal generator board 150 and sends a qubit reading command and data to the high-speed data acquisition board 160, so that the first analog signal generator board 140 generates and outputs an initial quantum state adjustment signal, the second analog signal generator board 150 generates and outputs an initial frequency adjustment signal, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 generates and outputs an initial measurement signal.
The initial quantum state regulation and control signal is sent to an auxiliary peripheral device matched with the control device to be processed into a quantum state regulation and control signal and is provided for a quantum chip through the first control signal line so as to realize the regulation and control of quantum state information of the quantum bit device; the initial frequency regulation and control signal is sent to an auxiliary peripheral device matched with the control device to be processed into a frequency regulation and control signal and is provided for the quantum chip through the second control signal line so as to realize the frequency parameter regulation and control of the quantum bit device; the initial measurement signal is sent to an auxiliary peripheral device used with the control device to be processed into a measurement signal and is provided to the quantum chip through the third control signal line so as to read and measure the state of the quantum bit device; meanwhile, the high-speed data acquisition board 160 is further configured to acquire a read return signal returned by the quantum chip, and send the read return signal to the routing board 130 to be forwarded to an external server.
In a quantum control system, a first control signal line for quantum state information modulation of a qubit needs to receive a microwave pulse signal containing quantum state modulation information, and the microwave pulse signal is generated based on the initial quantum state modulation signal. A second control signal line for frequency parameter modulation of the qubit needs to receive a bias pulse signal generated based on the initial frequency modulation signal. A third control signal line for reading the state of the qubit needs to receive a read pulse signal, which is generated based on the initial measurement signal. Therefore, the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 include all functional units for regulating and measuring qubits in a quantum chip.
As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the high-speed data acquisition board 160 is an ADDA board card or a combination of a DAQ board card and a DAC board card or an AWG board card, the first analog signal generator board 140 and the second analog signal generator board 150 are DAC board cards or AWG board cards, and the routing board 130 includes a field programmable gate array.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the first analog signal generator board card 140 and the second analog signal generator board card 150 both use AWG boards, the first AWG board 1401 of the first analog signal generator board card 140 is used to generate the initial quantum state regulation signal, the second AWG board 1501 of the second analog signal generator board card 150 is used to generate the initial frequency regulation signal, the high-speed data acquisition board 160 uses an ADDA board, and the ADDA board 1601 is used to generate the initial measurement signal.
In one embodiment of the present application, the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high speed data acquisition board 160 are all communicatively coupled to the routing board 130 via connection lines on the backplane 120. The routing board 130 is used as a device for external data interaction among the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160, and needs to have a data forwarding function and higher data transmission timeliness. Generally, FPGA (field Programmable Gate array), MCU (microcontroller Unit), MPU (Microprocessor Unit), DSP (digital Signal processor), etc. can be used. As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the routing board 130 includes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and the FPGA is used as a central processing unit, so as to ensure that the routing board 130 has a high functional integration level and a high data processing speed. In addition, the signals generated by the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150 and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 can be efficiently and reliably output by using a high-speed interface circuit in a matching way. In addition, the routing board 130 will also receive control signals for the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board 160, including but not limited to a driving signal for driving each board to start up, a read return signal returned by a quantum chip for obtaining a quantum computation task execution result, a trigger signal for controlling synchronous triggering of each board signal, and the like.
For quantum computing tasks to be executed in a quantum computer, with the improvement of the variety and complexity of the quantum computing tasks, the number of quantum bits to be participated in is more and more, that is, the number of output channels of a quantum control system is more and more. For a complex quantum computation task to be executed, a plurality of initial quantum state regulation signals and initial frequency regulation signals are required, that is, a plurality of first analog signal generator board cards 140 and second analog signal generator board cards 150 are required to act together, and signals output by all board cards acting together need to be synchronously triggered to accurately complete the quantum computation task.
Therefore, in order to facilitate signal synchronous triggering, in an embodiment of the present application, lengths of trigger signal transmission lines from each of the first analog signal generator board cards 140, each of the second analog signal generator board cards 150, and each of the high-speed data acquisition board cards 160 to the routing board card 130 are respectively equal, that is, lengths of trigger signal transmission lines from each of the board cards belonging to the same type to the routing board card 130 are set to be equal, for example, lengths of trigger signal transmission lines from each of the first analog signal generator board cards 140 to the routing board card 130 are equal. Since each of the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 is connected to the routing board card 130, and the routing board card 130 is used as a data transceiver station for data interaction, the lengths of the trigger signal transmission lines from each functional board card to the routing board card 130 are equal, so as to effectively ensure that the trigger signals transmitted from the routing board card 130 to the plurality of first analog signal generator board cards 140, the second analog signal generator board cards 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 are synchronized, so that the operation signals related to quantum state regulation, frequency regulation, and quantum bit state reading of a plurality of quantum bits by the first analog signal generator board cards 140, the second analog signal generator board cards 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 can be synchronously triggered, the accuracy of the execution result of the quantum computing task is improved.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, each of the first analog signal generator board 140, each of the second analog signal generator board 150, and each of the high-speed data acquisition board 160 are distributed in each card slot on the backplane 120 centering on the routing board 130. Through such a symmetrical design, the shortest length of the communication line from each of the first analog signal generator board card 140, the second analog signal generator board card 150, and the high-speed data acquisition board card 160 to the routing board card 130 can be ensured, and the signal timeliness can be effectively improved. In addition, the overall length of the communication line in the control device is also the shortest by the position layout design, and the hardware cost can be effectively saved.
Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present application, the routing board 130 is disposed at a central position of the backplane 120, which further facilitates the minimization of the length of the trigger signal transmission line from each of the first analog signal generator board 140, each of the second analog signal generator board 150, and each of the high-speed data acquisition boards 160 to the routing board 130. In addition, when the qubit is used to perform a quantum computation task, a quantum state regulation signal and a measurement signal applied to a quantum chip have strict timing requirements, and since the coherence time of the qubit is short, the qubit is sensitive to the timeliness of the quantum state regulation signal, the measurement signal and the collected signal, the requirements on the timeliness of the initial quantum state regulation signal output by the first analog signal generator board card 140 and the initial measurement signal output by the high-speed data collection board 160 are high, and the high-speed data collection board 160 is not calibrated in the using process. In order to ensure that the signals output by the first analog signal generator board 140 and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 have long-term stability and high timeliness, as a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, each of the high-speed data acquisition boards 160 is disposed next to the routing board 130, each of the first analog signal generator board 140 is disposed around both sides of the routing board 130 and/or the high-speed data acquisition board 160, and each of the second analog signal generator board 150 is disposed around both sides of the first analog signal generator board 140, so as to make the communication line between the routing board 130 and each of the first analog signal generator board 140 and the high-speed data acquisition board 160 shortest, and also ensure that each of the first analog signal generator board 140, the high-speed data acquisition board 160 and the routing board 130 are in the same temperature region, the line delay is short and the signal is little influenced by the ambient temperature when the two are in data interaction.
Through various designs of the hardware structures of the devices in the control device, signals which are output by the modules and are used for controlling, measuring and reading a plurality of qubits can be synchronously triggered through the hardware design under an ideal state. However, in the practical application process, due to various uncontrollable influences such as temperature change of the working environment of the device, plugging and unplugging of the connector, and the like, an error still occurs in the signal delay, so that signal synchronization triggering for the operation, measurement, and reading of a plurality of qubits, which is output by the control device at the same time, is difficult to guarantee, and therefore, the signal synchronization triggering needs to be calibrated before each task starts (which can also be understood as uniform calibration of the line delay). In order to facilitate the calibration of the signal synchronous triggering, as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus further includes a control board 170, the control board 170 is disposed in the card slot of the backplane 120, and the control board 170 is configured to collect signal delay data of each of the first analog signal generator board 140, each of the second analog signal generator board 150, and each of the high-speed data collection boards 160 through a connection line on the backplane 120 and output the signal delay data to the outside. And carrying out unified summary processing by a central control device arranged outside the control device. For example, the central control device may determine, according to the delay data condition, a delay condition that each functional board obtains a trigger signal, so as to coordinate signal delays of different functional boards, so that all functional boards obtain trigger signals with equal delays. The control board 170 is implemented by using an existing board with a data acquisition function, which is not described herein.
In addition, a clock synchronization manner may also be used to ensure signal synchronization triggering, as shown in fig. 4, in order to facilitate clock synchronization, clock synchronization circuits are disposed on the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, the high-speed data acquisition board 160, the routing board 130, and the backplane 120, and all the clock synchronization circuits use the same clock synchronization reference, so that it can be effectively ensured that the timing of signal output of the control device is synchronized. Preferably, the clock synchronization circuit is implemented by using a rubidium clock.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure that each device in the control device can stably and reliably operate, the control device may further include a heat dissipation assembly 180, the heat dissipation assembly 180 is connected to the control board 170, and the control board 170 sends a switch instruction to the heat dissipation assembly 180 according to the temperature information in the control device, so as to control the heat dissipation assembly 180 to start and close, so as to provide a better working environment temperature for the devices in the control device, and also effectively avoid the influence of signal delay caused by the temperature change of the device working environment.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a chassis 110, and the backplane 120, the first analog signal generator board 140, the second analog signal generator board 150, the high-speed data acquisition board 160, and the routing board 130 are integrally disposed in the chassis 110. The whole control device is assembled in a case 110, so that the whole machine occupies small space and is convenient to expand. Specifically, the chassis 110 may be a VPX chassis 110, a CPCI chassis 110, or a PXIE chassis 110, and the quantum control function requirements of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in terms of functional module integration.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the control device may further include a power supply 190, and the power supply 190 is disposed in the chassis 110. Specifically, the power supply 190 is integrally assembled in a card slot dedicated to the power supply 190 of the backplane 120, so as to supply power to the board card inserted into each card slot on the backplane and the heat dissipation assembly. Preferably, the power supply 190 employs a linear power supply or a switching power supply.
Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application further provides a quantum control system, which includes at least one quantum control apparatus as set forth in some embodiments above, and a plurality of auxiliary peripherals, where the auxiliary peripherals are configured to cooperate with the control apparatus to generate the quantum state regulating signal, the frequency regulating signal, and the measurement signal, and to receive the read feedback signal, so as to implement the regulation and measurement operations on quantum bits in a quantum chip. In this embodiment, the auxiliary peripheral devices include, but are not limited to, a high precision voltage source 40, a local oscillator microwave source 20, an RF transmitting assembly 30, and an RF transceiving assembly 50. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the first analog signal generator board 140 of a multi-channel output channel in combination with one of the local oscillator microwave sources 20 and one of the multi-channel RF transmit modules 30 is capable of generating multiple channels of the quantum state modulation signal; said second analog signal generator board 150 of a multi-channel output is capable of generating a plurality of said frequency regulation signals in combination with a multi-channel high precision voltage source 40; the high-speed data acquisition board 160 of one multi-channel output can generate a plurality of measuring signals by combining one local oscillator microwave source 20 and one multi-channel RF transceiver module 50; meanwhile, the high-speed data acquisition board 160 can receive multiple channels of the read return signal through the multi-channel RF transceiver module 50.
Therefore, with the increase of the quantum bit number on the quantum chip, when the quantum control system is realized, the control device 10 can be used as a control core unit for expansion, the quantum bit number which can be regulated and measured by the control device 10 can also be expanded as required, and the auxiliary peripheral equipment is arranged as required to realize the measurement and control function of the quantum chip of the quantum control system. Therefore, the volume and the cost of the constructed quantum control system special for the quantum chip are greatly reduced, high integration and expandability are achieved, the controlled quantum bit quantity can be flexibly configured, and the measurement and control requirements of the quantum chip with the high quantum bit quantity can be met.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example" or "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. And the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and all equivalent embodiments changed or modified according to the idea of the present application are within the scope of the present application without departing from the spirit of the description and the drawings.
Claims (9)
1. A quantum control device, comprising:
the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card, the second analog signal generator board card and the routing board card are inserted into different card slots on the same backboard, the high-speed data acquisition board card, the first analog signal generator board card and the second analog signal generator board card are in communication connection with the routing board card through a connecting line on the backboard, and the routing board card interacts external data;
the high-speed data acquisition board card is used for outputting an initial measurement signal of a qubit and receiving a read return signal of the qubit returned from the quantum chip, the first analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial quantum state regulation signal of the qubit, and the second analog signal generator board card is used for outputting an initial frequency regulation signal of the qubit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high speed data acquisition board, the first analog signal generator board, and the second analog signal generator board each have multiple output channels disposed thereon, the number of the high speed data acquisition boards being one, and the number of the first analog signal generator board and the second analog signal generator board being at least one, respectively.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first analog signal generator board card and/or the second analog signal generator board card has a number of qubit available that is greater than or equal to the number of qubit available on the high speed data acquisition board card.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the high speed data acquisition board employs an ADDA board or a combination of a DAQ board and a DAC board or an AWG board, the first analog signal generator board and the second analog signal generator board employ a DAC board or an AWG board, and the routing board comprises a field programmable gate array.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the routing board card is inserted into a slot located in a central location of the backplane, the high speed data acquisition board card is located adjacent to the routing board card, and the first and second analog signal generator board cards are distributed about the routing board card.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein clock synchronization circuits are disposed on the first analog signal generator board card, the second analog signal generator board card, the high speed data acquisition board card, the routing board card, and the backplane, all of the clock synchronization circuits using a same clock synchronization reference.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a control board card disposed in the slot of the backplane, the control board card being configured to collect signal delay data of the high-speed data collection board card, the first analog signal generator board card, and the second analog signal generator board card and output the signal delay data to the outside.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a chassis, the backplane, the high speed data acquisition board, the first analog signal generator board, the second analog signal generator board, and the routing board all disposed within the chassis.
9. A quantum control system comprising a quantum control device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023072140A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 | Quantum control apparatus, quantum control system and quantum computer |
| WO2023116190A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 | Synchronous triggering system and method, quantum control system, and quantum computer |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023072140A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 | Quantum control apparatus, quantum control system and quantum computer |
| WO2023116190A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 | Synchronous triggering system and method, quantum control system, and quantum computer |
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